US727568A - Dynamo-electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTE-D MAY 12, 1903..

v. G. APPLE. DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE.

AIPPLIUATION FILED 001520, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

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APPLICATION FILED 0012.20, 1902.

3 SHBETSSHEET 3.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 12', 1901 VINCENT G. APPLE, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

DYNAMO-ELECTFllC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,568, dated May 12, 1903.

Application filedOctoher 20, 1902. Serial No. 127,970. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, VINCENT G. APPLE, of Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form partof this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in dynamo-electric machines, and more particularly to small portable dynamos.

The primary objectof my invention is to produce a novel form of portable dynamo of attractive design and economical construction forming a complete and compact unit.

A further object is to provide a novel arrangement of the interior mechanism of the dynamo relative to an-inclosing casing and to generally improve the construction of dynamos of the character described.

To these ends my invention consists in the features of construction and arrangement of elements hereinafter described, and specified in the claims.

In the drawings I have illustrated a dynamo constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a containingcase. Fig. 2 is an elevation of one end of said casing, which I will term the front end. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the opposite end. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the front end of my device, taken on lines 4 4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is an end elevation with the door of the casing removed. Fig. 6 is a sectional detail of a commutator-brush. Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a side and end elevation thereof. Fig. 9 is a central vertical section of my improved dynamo equipped with a driving-pulley and clutch-governor. Fig. 10 is a face elevation of the governing device. Fig. 11 is a side elevation thereof.

Throughout the drawings like numerals of reference refer to similar parts.

barrel-shaped in outline and comprises a substantially cylindrical body 2, having an ining.

tegral closedend 3, provided with an axiallydisposed exterior bearing extension 4,'perforated for the reception of'a driving-shaft. The opposite or front end of the casing is closed by a on p-shaped hollow door 5, adapted when in place to tightly close said end. The door 5 is provided with an axially-disposed hollow boss 6 anda vertically-arranged recess 6, extending upward from the lower edge of the door to meet the boss 6.

7 indicates ahinge by which the door is secured to the casing- body 2, and 7 is a projections 8 8 to form the electromagnetcores.

12 12 are screws countersunk in the casing and each extending into a blind screw-hole in the projection 10 of a pole-piece to retain said pole-piece in position. The projections 8 and 10 of the casing and pole-piece, respectively, are preferably similar in configuration;

but the surface dimensions of the projection 10 of the pole-piece are preferably larger than the dimensions of the projection 8 of the cas- This relative arrangementof the parts may best be seen in Figs. 4 and 9.

When constructed as above described, the magnet-windings 11 may be wound upon the projecting core-section 10 of the magnet polepiece and the latter seated upon the projection 8 of the casing. When now the screw 12 is inserted and the projections 8 and 10 drawn into proper contact, the difference in their lateral dimensions prevents the windings of coil 11 from being pinched between the edges of the meeting projections, and so minimizes the possibility of the coil being mutilated or short-circuited during the assembling of the machine.

13 is a driven shaft of the dynamo, journaled for rotation at one end in a sleeve or bushing 14, of brass or other suitable material, secured in the extension 4 of the casing, and at its other end journaled in a bearing 15, forming a hub of a spider 16, preferably likewise of brass, secured to the casing-body 2. The spider 16 is preferably formed with two angular legs, each having a base portion 17, secured in suitable manner to the open end of the casing-body 2 and thence extending laterally in parallelism with the axis of the shaft a suitable distance and thence upward to the hub, as best illustrated in Fig. 4. The spider is so proportioned that it is snugly received within the cup-shaped door of the easing 1, and its hub projects into the boss 6 of such door.

18 is the core of an armature mounted upon shaft 13 for rotation therewith. Said core is shown as unwound and is of usual construction.

19 19 are sleeves, preferably of fiber, surrounding the shaft adjacent to the ends of the armature to receive the armature-windings when in place.

20 represents as a Whole a commutator device secured upon the end of the shaft 13, adjacent to the open end of the casing-body. The commutator is brought into close proximity to the hub of the spider, so that the body of the commutator projects beyond the cylindrical body of the casing. The commutator is of ordinary construction, comprising a series of sections 21, each having an internal dovetailed projection 22, adapted to be engaged by two tapered rings 23 and 24. The ring 23 is threaded upon the shaft 13,

. while the ring 24 is held in position by a suitable nut 25, likewise threaded upon the shaft.

26 is a fiber washer covering the exteriorend of the commutator.

To simplify the illustration, I have herein shown the armature-core as unwound; but its winding and mode of connection With the commutator are too well known in the art to need description.

28 is a brush-holding rocker-arm mounted for oscillation upon the hub 15 of the spider. 29 is a set-screw for holding said arm in adjusted position.

30 indicates a brush-holding casing, of conducting material, provided with a squared lateral stud 31, projecting through an aperture 32 in the rocker-arm 28. The stud 31 is insulated from said rocker-arm bya suitable insulating-bushing 33 and is secured in place by a washer 34, exteriorly secured to the stud 31 by a screw 35. Said screw likewise serves to bind the wires connected with the commutator-brushes. The brush-holder 30 is provided with two parallel longitudinal hollow barrels 36, each having a longitudinal slot 37 communicating therewith.

38 38 represent two plugs arranged to slide in the barrels 36 and each provided with a screw 39, projecting through the slot 37 of the corresponding barrel and adapted to be screwed down upon the outer face of the brush-holder to secure the plug in any position of adjustment within the limit of movements defined by said slot.

and 41 represent the brushes proper, both of cylindrical form, adapted to fit within the barrels of the brush-holder and arranged to project from the end thereof and make contact with the commutator. Said brushes 40 and 41 are respectively composed of graphite on the one hand and copper gauze on the other.

42 represents springs arranged within the barrels, finding abutment against plugs 38 and the brushes, so as to tend to project the brushes from the open end of the holder. The brushes are held by their holders and the supporting rocker-arm 28 in position to contact with the comm utator on substantially radial lines. The brushes 40 and 41 of the opposing brush-holders are relatively transposed to that one carbon and one copper brush contact with each of the two contactpaths resulting from the traverse of the commutator therebeneath during the operation of the dynamo. The compound brushes described when arranged as specified have the advantage of lubrication due to a graphite brush and of the superior conductivity of a copper brush.

42 indicates a grease-cup of usual construction attached to the hub 15 of the spider 16. Such cup is of cylindrical form and is arranged to fit within the vertical recess 7, formed in the casing cover or door. 43 is a similar cup secured to the extension 4 of the casing and adapted to supply lubricant to the rear end bearing of the shaft.

The shaft 13, as illustrated in Fig. 9, projects rearwardly from the extension 4, and carries on its extended end a driving-pulley and clutch-governor device, (generally indicated by 44.) Said clutch device comprises a sleeve 45, secured to the shaft and carrying a clutch-supporting spider 46. Loosely mounted upon the sleeve 45 is a friction driving disk or drum 47, having secured thereto a driving-pulley 48, of leather or other suitable material.

49 49 represent friction clutch-shoes adapted to bear upon the exterior periphery of the disk 47 and carried by pivoted link 50, secured to the arm of the spider 44. 51 represents springs tending to draw said arm inward and hold the friction-shoe 49 in contact with friction-disk.

It will be observed that when power is applied to rotate the pulley ,48 centrifugal force IIO will tend to throw the friction-shoes 49 out of engagement with the disk 47. As long as the speed of the pulley is sufficiently low the pulley will be connected through the frictiondisk shoes, spider, and sleeve to the shaft. When, however, a predetermined speed limit is exceeded, the centrifugal action will throw the shoes 49 out of engagement with the periphery of the disk, thereby disconnecting the shaft 13 from the pulley until the speed of the shaft is reduced to the limit again.

52 52 indicate binding-posts on the exterior of the dynamo for the connection of suitable conductors, and 53 indicates wiring connecting the field of the dynamo in shunt-circuit therewith.

It will be noted that when the dynamo is in operation the ends of the casing form the yoke of the magnet, which therefore forms a consequent-pole field. Thus the door 5 of the casing is held in closed position by magnetic influence independently of its clip-fastener, which may, if desired, be omitted. It will further be noted that when the door 5 is open the entire commutator device and its brushes project beyond the casing-body and are exposed for inspection and cleaning and repair. The advantage of such a construction is obvious.

I have herein described in detail the preferred embodiment of my invention; but it is apparent that slight changes in form and arrangement might be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with an inolosing casing comprising a body and a hollow, movable door, of suitable dynamo elements disposed within said casing comprising an armature shaft arranged within the casing to project into the hollow door at one end, means secured to the casing-body independently of the door to support said end, and a commutator mounted upon said end of the shaft to project beyond the casing-body when the door is opened.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with an inolosing casing comprising a cylindrical body and a hollow, cup-shaped door, of suitable dynamo elements disposed within the casing comprising an armatureshaft arranged within the casing to project into the hollow door, a spider 16 secured to the casing-body and having a hub arranged to afiord a bearing for the shaft end, and a commutator mounted upon said shaft adjacent to the spider-hub to project from the casing when the door is opened.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of a metallic inolosing casing having field-magnet pole-pieces interiorly secured thereto, fieldmagnet windings arranged to magnetize said pole-pieces when energized, and a swinging door for said casing forming when closed a magnetic path between said pole-pieces, whereby said door is magnetically maintained in closed position during the operation of the dynamo.

4. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of a metallic inolosing casing having a permanently-closed end and an open end, a door for closing said open end, field-magnet pole pieces disposed intermediate the ends of the casing and magnetically connected thereto to constitute said ends the yokes of a consequent-pole electromagnet, and a coil for magnetizing each of said pole-pieces.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with a frame having a projection therefrom, a field-magnet pole-piece having a projection adapted to be seated on the projection of the frame and to form therewith a core for a field-magnet coil, said projection having contacting faces of different surface areas, a coil adapted to closely surround the larger projection, and means for securin g the pole-piece to its seat.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VINCENT Gr. APPLE.

In presence of- THEO. M. HIESTER, L. M. ARNOLD.

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