US700765A - Train signaling apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

No. 700,765. Patented May 27, I902. W. A. &. B. S. H. HARRIS.

TRAIN SIGNALING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Aug. 5, 1901.) (No Model.) 4 Shaets-Sheat I.

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No. 700,765. Patented May 27,.l902.

W. A. 8. B. S. H. HARRIS.

TRAIN SIGNALING AEPABATUS.

(Application filed. Aug. 5, 1901.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented May 27, 1902.

W. A. 8:. B. S. H. HARRIS.

TRAIN SIGNALING APPARATUS.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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(No Model.)

No. 700,765. Patented May 27, I902.

,w. A. a B. s. H. HARRIS. TRAIN SIGNALING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Aug. 6, 1901.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets$haet 4.

i .HIIIIIIII III IIIIII LII LI M I I I Y ENTORS rgZZZuzrn -1] In, 7V, fut/M BY MME: I TTORMEYs 'N Tnn STAT s PATENT QFFICE.

\VILLIAM A. HARRIS AND BENJAMIN S. H. HARRIS, OF GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA.

TRAIN'SIGNALING APPARATUS.

CQPEOIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,765, dated May 27, 1902.

V Application filed August 5, 1961. $eria1No;'70,958. (No model.)

to class of signaling devices for railway-trainswhich is well represented by our former patent, No. 665,852, dated January 9, 1901, the

object of the present invention being to simplify the construction and to provide for a I more certain and efficient operation of the signaling devices.

The inventionconsists in certain novel constructions and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the improved signaling apparatus connected up as for use. larged sectional View, on about line 2 2 of Fig. 6, of the signaling apparatus, showing the several parts in normal position. 3 isa longitudinal sectional view on about line 3 3 of Fig. 6. Fig. 4 is a sectional view'on the same line as Fig. 2, showing the position of the parts in sounding the whistle. Fig. 5 is a sectional View similar to Fig. 4, showing'the positions of the parts in applying the brakes, the Whistle-valve being held to its seat. Fig.

6 is a top plan view of the signaling device. a

Fig. 7 is a side elevation thereof looking at 5 the port for connection with the equalizingreservoir. main piston. Fig. 9 is a detail side view of the valve of said main piston. Fig. 10 is a detail side View of the whistle-valve piston. Fig." 4o 11 is a side view of the whistle-valve. 'Fig. 12 is a detail top plan view of the lower cap, and Fig. 13 is a detail side view of the emergency-valve. p

The casing A is provided with a nipple B, throughwhichconnection is made with the train-line, nipple 0, through which connection is made'with the brake-valve or equalizing-reservoir, and with. a nipple D, through which connection is made with the whistle 5o reservoir.

A cylinder A is formed in the upper part Fig. 2 is a detail en- Fig. 8 is a detail side view of the of the casing forthe main piston-E, and a cylinder A is provided in the'lower portion of the casing for the'whistle-valve piston, the outer ends of such" cylinders being closed by the threaded caps aand a the latter carry-' ing the nipple F, through which connection is made with the whistle F, and having the whistle-valve port f, as shown.

The casing A is provided transversely between the cylinders with a partition G, provided on its under side with a seat at g for the whistle-valve piston and provided with a cen tral opening 9 for the stem of the main piston and with a port or passage 9 leading from the lower cylinder A and establishing communication between the upper end of said cylinder and the train-line. The partition G is also provided with an opening or passage at 9 by which communication may be estab- 7o lished between the lower end of the upper cylinder A and the train-line, this being the emergency-passage g3 and being controlled by the emergency-valve H, which is arranged as a check-valve closing from the train-line toward themainpiston and opening inthe reverse direction. 'As shown, the valveH has its stem H. fitting ina cavity 1 of a nut Lthreaded in the casing, a spring 71 operating to hold the valve H against the pressure beneath the main 8o piston under all ordinary circumstances, but permitting the momentary opening of the emergency-valve to permit the passage of pressure from the lower part of the cylinder A to the train-line in the emergency application 8 5 of the brakes, or when the train accidentally parts, or at any other time when there is a sudden considerable reduction of pressure in the train-line, as will be better understood from the detailed description of the operation which will follow.

The passage 0 C from, the nipple connecting with the equalizing-reservoir communicates through 'asmall port O 'with the lower end of the cylinder A and admits pressure 5 below the main piston;

The passage Dfrom the nipple connecting with the whistle-reservoir has a connection at D with the lower end of the cylinder A below the whistle-valve piston and also a con- :00 nection D leading to the upper end of the cylinder A and opening above the main pis ton, admitting pressure from the whistle-reservoir to a point above the said main piston, as shown.

The described connections of the equalizing or brake-valve reservoir and the whistlevalve reservoir and the cylinder of the main piston mark an important distinction between our present invention and our patented signal apparatus before referred to, as it will be noticed that in the present invention the pressure from the whistle-reservoir is directed to the upper side of the main piston and that of the equalizing-reservoir is directed to the lower side of the said main piston, While in the patented device referred to the arrangement is reversed and the whistle-reservoir pressure operates below and the equalizingreservoir pressure operates above the main piston. By the present invention, as will be more fully described, the pressure of the whistle-reservoiracts upon and depresses the main piston in all operations of the brakes and serves to hold the whistle-valve firmly to its seat during all of such operations, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

The main piston E is fitted to its cylinder and is provided on its upper side at its center with a tubular projection E, which abuts the cap a in the uppermost position of the main piston and prevents the passage of pressure down through the piston at such time.

piston and operates to press the same normally upward to the position shown in Fig. 2. The valve E of the main piston operates in the tubular stem E is slidable longitudinally therein, having its motion limited bya pin E which is passed through a slot E in the valve E, and prevents the valve from dropping below the position shownin Fig. 2, and yet permits an upward play of the valve with respect to the tubular stem E The valve E is provided with longitudinal grooves e for the passage of pressure from above the main pist0n in certain operations, as will be hereinafter described.

The whistle-valve has its piston J formed to operate in the cylinder A and is provided with a central port J in line below the valve E of the main piston, and is also provided with a depending tubular stem J having lateral ports J and supporting the whistle-valve J which is provided with a shoulder or abutment J which operates above a pin or stop J in the stem J and so limits the downward movement of the whistle-valve with respect to its piston. The whistle-valve has a portion curacy between its portf and the port J, so

there will be no jamming of the parts in the said operation.

In the present invention, as in the patented one before referred to, the whistle-valve piston is provided on its upper side with surfaces at p, which seat at g'in the uppermost position of the said piston and operate to divide or separate an annular space at the outer edge of the whistle-valve piston when such part is moved upward in the operation of sounding the whistle. This annular space at I communicates by a small port I with an annular groove 1 formed in the outer face of the rim I of the whistle-valve piston, which groove registers when said piston is moved to its uppermost position with a port 1 leading through the casing to the atmosphere. Thus the air in the space I exhausts to the atmosphere when the piston is moved to its uppermost position. The purpose of this construction and operation is to reduce the area of the whistle-valve piston exposed to pressure on its upper side when such piston is moved upward in sounding the whistle, so that the excess of exposed area 011 the under side of the piston will cause the pressure to hold the piston firmly to its seat and prevent a second sounding of the whistle from a-single reduction because of the rebounding pressure or wave in the train-line or in the whistle-reservoir. Thus in sounding the whistle thewhistle-piston will remain inits uppermost position until the pressure in the whistle-reservoir has been reduced sufficiently below that of the train-line for the train-line pressure to operate on the smaller area exposed to it to force the whistle-piston down to its normal position. It will be understood that in this operation the length of the blast of the whistle is in proportion to the diiference of area provided, so the difference in area may be such as to get a long or short sound of the whistle, as may be desired, with the same slight or quick reduction in the train-line. This is important, as a reduction sufficient to get a desired reduction in the train-pipe.

tie-piston is lifted to such a position that its port J will be closed by the valve of the main piston, and thus prevent the passage of pressure to or from the whistle-reservoir through the port J in such operation.

When the parts are in the normal position, such as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the pressures are equalized throughout the signaling device, every moving part carrying train-line pressure on both sides.

In the service application of the brakes reduction is first made in the equalizing-reservoir, as usual, which reduces the pressure below the main piston, so the pressure of the whistle-reservoir operating above the main piston causes the latter to travel down so the lower end of its tubular stem will engage upon the whistle-piston, pressing the said piston down slightly and serving to hold the whistle-valve tightly to its seat. Thus, as before suggested, the arrangement of the whistle-reservoir connections and equalizingreservoir connections with respect to the main valve are reversed in the present construction compared with the patented one referred to, and the main piston in the present construction travels down in all applications of the brakes and is not aifected by the sounding of the whistle but remains in its normal position during the latter operation. After the main piston starts on its downward movement, as before described, its central upper port is opened and pressure from the whistle-reservoir passes down through the stem of the main piston along the groove in its valve to a point above the whistle-piston and communicates with the train-line, thus equalizing the train-line pressure and that of the whistle-reservoir and operating to prevent any sounding of the whistle in the service application of the brakes. When the pressure has equalized in the train-line and the whistlereservoir, the main piston is carried back to its normal position by the action of the spring E In the release of the brakes the pressure being reestablished in the train-line acts on top of the whistle-piston, causing it to travel down to its lowermost position, when the train-line pressure will pass through the port J, which is restricted by the grooved upper end J 8 of the 'whistle-valve,to the whistle-reservoir,thus reestablishing the pressure in the said whistlereservoir. It will be noticed that the whistlevalve is a combined whistle-valve and releasevalve controlling the whistle-port at one end and operating at its other end to permit the restricted passage of air in restablishing the pressure in the whistle-reservoir. When the pressure in the whistle-reservoir has equalized with that in the train-line, the whistle-piston will be carried up to its usual position by its spring J and the parts will again be ready for operation for sounding of the whistle. It will be understood that the whistle may be sounded by a slight, quick, and momentary In. this operation while the reduction is too slight to'affect pipe through the restricted passage in the whistle-piston. At the same time the restricted passage permits the equalization of the pressure in the train-line and whistle-reservoi'r in case there is a slow leak inthe trainline and avoids the sounding of the whistle by the reduction of pressure by reason of such a leak.

The port in the whistle-piston is restricted by the valve of the main piston when the parts are in normal position, is closed by said main-piston valve when the whistle-piston is moved up in sounding, the whistle, and is re stricted to a greater extent when the brakes are put in release by the grooved upper end of the whistle-valve, thus preventing the filling of the whistle-reservoir before'the auxiliaries beneath the cars are filled. This restriction of the whistle-piston port is efiected by the said piston traveling down against the grooved end of the valve by the reestablishment of pressure in the train-pipe. It will be understood that after the whistle has sounded the reduction of pressure because of such operation below the whistle-piston will be such as to permit the whistle-piston to be forced down by the train-line pressure sufficiently to fully clear its port from the valve of the main piston without moving the whistlepiston so far as to cause its said port J to be restricted by its contact with the upper end of the whistle-valve. Thus the whistle-reservoir pressure may be quickly reestablished after the whistle has been sounded in order that the sounding of the .whistle may be quickly repeated as may be desired.

In the emergency application of the brakes or in case the train parts accidentally or if there is any other very. sudden'and great reduction of pressure on the train-pipe the emergency-valve will be forced off its seat by the pressure in the equalizing-reservoir,permitting the pressure in the equalizing-reservoir to reduce to the train-line from beneath the main piston with greater rapidity than it can be supplied through the restricted port 0 and the pressure of the whistle-reservoir will cause the main piston toinstantly travel down. The tubular stem of such main piston bearing on the whistle-valve piston will hold the whistle-valve securely to its seat and will prevent the whistle from sounding in exactly the same way it does in the service application of the brakes, as before described, which position of parts will continue, except instantaneous, until the pressure in the whistle-reservoir and train-line is equalized, when the parts will reassume their normal positions, as shown in Fig. 2. I 1

It will be understood that while in our patas to the emergency-valve whoseoperation is ented construction before referred to the main piston travels up when .the pressure in the equalizing-reservoir is reduced in our present construction the main piston travels down when such pressure in the equalizing-reservoir is reduced, thus enabling the operation of the main pistonbefore described for the purpose of holding the whistle-valve closed when desired. It will also be understood that in our said patented construction the main valve in the release of brakes moves down to position to restrict the passage of air to the whistle-reservoir in recharging the said reservoir, while in the present invention the main piston does not move at all during such operation, but the whistle-piston is moved down upon the upper end of the whistle-valve, and the latter operates to restrict the passage of air to the whistle-reservoir in recharging the latter in the release of brakes.

It will be understood that in all operations of the brakes the whistle-valve will be controlled by the mainpiston, because of the greater area of the main piston compared with that of the whistle-valve.

In Fig. 4 we show the position of parts in sounding the whistle. As shown, thelwhistle-valve piston has moved up until its port J is closed by the valve of the main piston, as shown in Fig. 4, and the space I is vented to the atmosphere, as will be understood from Fig. 3. The whistle will continue to sound until the pressure in the whistle-reservoir reduces through the whistle sufficiently to permit the pressure in the train-line to equalize with it, when the whistle-piston will travel down to normal position, as shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 shows the position of the parts while the brakes are being applied. In this operation the main piston travels down upon the whistle-piston, so its valve will close the port J in said piston and the stem of the main piston will bear upon the whistle-valve piston and hold the same in the position shown in Fig. 5) until the pressure in the whistle-valve reservoir can pass through passage D and down through the central passage in the main piston, and thence to the train line to equalize the pressure in the train line and whistlevalve reservoir, as before described, when the parts will again assume their normal positions.

It willbe understood from the drawings that tle-reservoir to pass through the main piston to the train-line, as in the present construction the main piston when moved downward provides for the passage of pressure at such time to the main line through the center of the said piston.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-' 1. In an apparatus substantially as described the'combination of the casing, the whistle-valve piston having a port through which the pressure may pass to recharge the whistle-reservoir, and the whistle-valve, movable with respect to its piston and having a portion which is arranged to be adjusted to position to restrict the said port for the passage of pressure when the whistle-valve piston is moved downward substantially as set forth.

2. In. an apparatus substantially as described, a whistle-valve having a piston and a valve proper operating therein and formed to provide a combined whistle-valve and release-valve arranged at one end to control the whistle-port and operating at its other end to restrict the passage of air in reestablishing the pressure in the whistle-reservoir when the brakes are put in release'substan- .tially as set forth.

3. In an apparatus substantially as de scribed the combination of a casing, the whistle-reservoir communicating with the casing, the whistle-valve having a piston operating in the casing above the connection of the whistle-reservoir and provided with a port for the passage of pressure to said reservoir and with a tubular stem, and the valve proper operating in said tubular stem and arranged at one end to restrict the whistle-port and at its other end to control the port in the whistle-piston when the brakes are put in release substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus substantially as described the whistle-valve piston having a port for the passage of pressure and the whistlevalve proper arranged at one end to operate upon said port and having at such end means whereby to permit a restricted flow of pressure through the port when the valve proper is seated to said port substantially as set forth.

5. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing having the whistle-port, the whistle-valve having a piston provided with a port,and a valve proper movable with relation to the piston, arranged at one end to control the whistle-port and at its other end to operate upon the port in the piston and made ofsuch length as to fit snugly between the whistle-port and the whistlevalve piston when the latter is adjusted to its lowermost position substantially as set forth.

-6. The combination of the casing havinga cylinder for the whistle-valve piston, the whistle-valve piston having a valve-surface within its rim cooperating with a seat in the casing, and provided with a central port for the passage of pressure to the whistle-reservoir, the casing being provided with means for venting the air from the space inclosed by the cut-off portion of the piston, and the whistle-valve proper arranged at one end to control the whistle-port and at its other end to control the port in the piston substantially as set forth.

7 In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing having means for connection with the whistle-valve reservoir and with the train-line, the whistlevalve piston having a port for the passage of pressure from the train-line to the whistlereservoir and a valve connected with said piston and arranged to restrict such passage of pressure when the brakes are put in release substantially as set forth.

8. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve piston having a port for the passage of pressure to the whistle-valve reservoir, and the whistle-valve proper having a portion by which to control said port, and the main piston arranged to control the whistlevalve in all operations of the brakes substantially as set forth.

9. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing, the whistle-piston,the main piston made of greater area than the whistle-piston and means whereby the main piston will be caused to travel down and control the whistle-piston in all operations of the brakes substantially as set forth.

10. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve piston,the main piston arranged to control the whistle-valve piston, the equalizing-reservoir, and the whistle-valve reservoir, passages being provided whereby the pressure in the equalizing-reservoir will operate on the side of the main piston next to the whistle-valve while the pressure from the whistle-reservoir will operate on the opposite side of said main piston whereby the main piston will be caused to travel toward the whistle-Valve in all operations of the brakes substantially as set forth.

11. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing having means for connection with the whistle-reservoir and with the train-line, the whistle-valve, means whereby the whistle-valve may be opened to permit the sounding of the whistle by pressure from the whistle-reservoir, and devices operated by the pressure from the whistle-reservoir whereby to hold the whistlevalve closed by such pressure when the parts are operated except for sounding the whistle and refilling the whistle-reservoir after brakes are put in release, whereby the pressure in the whistle-reservoir may be used at one time to sound the whistle and at another time to prevent any sounding of the whistle substantially as set forth.

12. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the main valve, the whistle-valve, and connections wherebypressure may operate in all applications of the brake to move the main valve toward the whistle-valve. substantially as set forth.

13. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the main valve, the whistle-valve, connections whereby pressure from the whistle-reservoir may operate on the side of the main piston opposite the whistle-valve, the said main piston being arranged to move downward in all applications of the brake and to hold the whistle-valve to its seat and to open up the passage for the pressure to the main line when so moved down substantially as set forth.

14. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle valve and piston and the main piston, constructed when moved downward from its normal position to open the passage for the pressure from the whistle-reservoir to the main line, substantially as set forth.

15. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve, the main piston, by which to control the whistle-valve in all applications of the brake, and means for limiting the upward movement ofthe main piston beyond its normal position, said main piston being provided with a passage for the pressure, which passage will be opened when the main pistonis depressed below its normal position, substantially as set forth.

16. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of' the casing, the whistle piston and valve, the main piston arranged to move downward and control the whistle-valve in all operation of the brake, and means for preventing the upward movement of the main piston above its normal position, substantially as set forth.

17. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle-reservoir, the whistle-valve, the main valve, the equalizing-reservoir, and connections whereby pressure from the equalizingreservoir will operate below the main piston and pressure from the whistle-reservoir will operate above the main piston, substantially as set forth.

18. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve, the main piston arranged to control the whistlevalve, the emergency- Valve, opening toward the train-line, the equalizing-reservoir and connections whereby the emergency-valve will be opened by the equalizing-reservoir pressure, substantially as set forth.

19. Inan apparatus substantially as de- 20, In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing having cylindersfor the main piston and .for the Whistle-valve piston and means for connec tion with the train-line, the equalizing-reservoir and the whistle-reservoir, the main piston arranged to control the whistle-valve piston in the application of the brake,the whistlevalve piston having a port for the passage of pressure, and the whistle-valve proper movable with respect to its piston and having a portion which may be adjusted to position to restrict the passage of pressure through the port in the whistle-valve piston substantially as set forth. I

21. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve piston having a port for the passage of pressure thro u ghit and the whistlevalve proper arranged at one end to control the whistle-port and at its other end to control the port in the piston and having said end grooved for the gradual passage of pressure past it when adjusted into contact with the port substantially as set forth.

22. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing having means for connection with the whistlereservoir and the train-line, the whistle-valve having a piston, the main piston arranged to control the whistle-valve, and means whereby pressure from the whistle-reservoir may be admitted below the whistle-valve piston and above the main piston, substantially as set forth.

23. The combination, in an apparatus substantially as described, of the casing, the whistle-valve having a piston provided with a port for the passage of pressure, and a valve proper arranged at one end to control the whistle-port and at its other end to control the port for the passage of pressure, and the main piston having a tubular stem arranged to bear upon the valve-piston and notched for the passage of pressure, and provided within the said stem with a valve arranged to control the port in the whistle-valve piston, substantially asset forth.

24. A signal apparatus substantially as described having a whistle-valve, a main piston having a tubular stem and a valve operating therein, and provided within said stem with a passage or passages through which pressure may equalize from the whistle-reservoir to the main line in the applications of the brake, substantially as set forth.

25. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing having means for connection with the train-line, the equalizing-reservoir, and the whistle-reservoir, and provided with cylinders for the main piston and the whistle-valve piston, and having ports or passages for the pressure from the whistle-reservoir below the whistle-valve piston andabove the main piston and for the passage of pressure from the equalizing-reservoir below the main piston, and from the emergency valve for controlling the latter passage, the main piston having the tubular stem and the valve operating therein, and the whistle-valve'hav ing a piston and the valve proper, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth. v

26. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing, the whistle-valve and its piston having a port for the passage of pressure,the main piston having a tubular stem and a valve operating therein, and having within said tubular stem a passage for the pressure and at the lower end of the stem means for the exit of such pressure to the train-line, and connections for the passage of pressure from the whistle-reservoir to a point above the main piston and below the whistle-piston, all substantially as described, whereby pressure may pass from the train-line through the whistle-valve piston to the whistle-reservoir in recharging the latter, and may pass from the whistle reservoir through the tubular stem of the main piston in equalizing pressure in the train-line and whistle-reservoir in the application of the brakes, substantially as set forth.

27. In an apparatus substantially as described, the combination of the casing having a cylinder for the whistle-valve piston and a cylinder for the main piston, and having an emergency port or passage leading from the lower portion of the latter cylinder to communicate with the train-line, the emergencyvalve controlling said port and opening toward the train-line, the whistle-valve and its piston, the main piston, the whistle-valve reservoir, the equalizing-reservoir, a connection whereby the pressure in the equalizing-reservoir may pass to operate below the main piston, and a connection whereby the pressure in the whistle-reservoir may operate above the main piston, substantially as set forth.

28. The combination ofthe casing having a cylinder for the main piston and an emer gency-passage leading from the lower end of said cylinder to the train-line, and a contracted port or passage leading to the lower portion of said cylinder from the equalizingreservoir, whereby in the emergency application, the pressure may pass from below the main piston to the train-line, more rapidly than it can be supplied through the said contracted passage, the main piston, the whistlevalve, and means whereby pressure may pass from the whistle-reservoir to a point above the main piston, substantially as set forth.

29. In an apparatus substantially as described the combination of the casing the whistle-valve piston having a port for the passage of pressure and a whistle-valve proper having a portion arranged to restrict said port in the application of the brakes, the main piston, and connections whereby pressure from the whistle-reservoir may be admitted to operate above said main piston substantially as set forth.

30. The combination in an apparatus substantially as described of the casing, the whistle-reservoir, the whistle-valve and its piston, the main piston arranged to move toward the whistle-valve in all applications of the brake, and connections whereby pressure from the whistle-valve reservoir may be admitted 16 above the main piston whereby to effect-such downward movement thereofsubstantially as set-forth. WILLIAM A. HARRIS. BENJAMIN S. H. HARRIS. Vitnesses:

JAS. H. PRICE, KATE G. CARTER.

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