US691697A - Mechanism for converting motion. - Google Patents

Mechanism for converting motion. Download PDF

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Publication number
US691697A
US691697A US5431900A US1900054319A US691697A US 691697 A US691697 A US 691697A US 5431900 A US5431900 A US 5431900A US 1900054319 A US1900054319 A US 1900054319A US 691697 A US691697 A US 691697A
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shaft
lever
wheels
oscillation
gear
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US5431900A
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James H Baker
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04—Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/08—Batch production
    • A23G9/10—Batch production using containers which are rotated or otherwise moved in a cooling medium
    • A23G9/103—Batch production using containers which are rotated or otherwise moved in a cooling medium the container rotating about its own axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/28—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of flexible drive members, e.g. chains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1532—Rack actuator
    • Y10T74/1537—Oscillating
    • Y10T74/1539—Multiple acting
    • Y10T74/154—Inwardly facing racks

Definitions

  • Mechanismfor Converting Motion which are an improved means for convertingan oscillating or reciprocating movement into a 1:0- tary movement in such manner that every unit of movement of an oscillating or reciprocating'element pertaining to the device shall yield substantially the same rotary movement and that the change of direction of oscillation or reciprocation may occur without any tendency to arrest or retard the rotary movement, so that when the reciprocation or oscillation is produced by thehand or foot of an operator no loss or absorption of power may be caused by unskilfulness on the part of the operator in keeping time with the rotary movement.
  • A represents the shaft of any mechanism to be operated to which my device may be applied;
  • B a fly-wheel on such shaft.
  • 0 and O are clutch-disks rigid with the shaft, each constitutingone element of a clutch pair','of
  • gear-Wheels being journaled on the shaft A and cutaway at the center, so that a peripheral portion (1, comprising the gear-rim, encompasses a reduced portion 0 of the clutch-disk 0.
  • a peripheral portion (1, comprising the gear-rim encompasses a reduced portion 0 of the clutch-disk 0.
  • Into said encompassing portion I preferably set rigidly a steel plate E, having oblique pockets E E for the clutch-rolls F F, which operate in a well-understood manner to cause the gearrim or outer element of the clutch to rotate the inner element in one direction and to ride idly thereon in the reverse direction.
  • the pockets for the clutch-rolls are located so that at any position in the range of oscillation of the outer element at least one of the rolls is by gravity lodged on the shoulder c in position to per- At two points in a line intersecting the axis of the shaft A and both at the same side of said axis there are fulcru med levers Gand G, the former, which is nearer to the shaft A,
  • One of said levers has arms Gr G by which it may be operated either directly by the hand of the operator or by means of a pitman H,connected with a pedal. (Not represented.)
  • Theother lever has an arm G which extends alongside one of the arms G2 of the first.
  • the lever has a stud G preferably provided with an antifriction-roll, protruding into aslot G in the arm G sothat the oscillation of the first lever communicates oscillatory motion to the second lever, the slotted connection between the two having the purpose and effect of accommodating the movement of the two levers to each other in view of the distance between their fulcrums.
  • the rangeof oscillation of the operating-lever Gr comprises an angle so situated with relation to the plane containing thepivot-axes of the two levers and the slot G extendsin such direction relativeto the pi vot-axisof the lever G? that said operatinglever G2 communicates to the second lever an angular movement equal to its own, and the pitch radii of the two.
  • gear-Wheels receive equal rotative movement from each oscillation of the oscillating lever, but in opposite directions.
  • one of the gears receives movement in the direction causing it by its clutch to drive the shaft A, while the other from the same movement is rotated in reverse direction about the shaft, as permitted by the structure of the clutch, without driving or resisting the driving of the shaft.
  • the opposite oscillation the situation is reversed and the second gear becomes the driving-gear, while the first gear is rotated in reverse direction about the shaft.
  • a rigid stem G which, extends in a direction at right angles to the extent of the lever-arm G and on said stem 1 secure a weight K, which operates as a pendulum-ball, tending to rest at the lowest position and to hold the lever-arm G2 substantially horizontal when it comes to rest in such lowest position.
  • the weight is adjusted on the stem at a distance tending to cause the period of oscillation of the entire lever thus weighted to agree with the rate of oscillation suitable to give the desired speed to the mechanism, the operator, conforming to that speed and accommodating his stroke substantially to the natural swing of a pendulum of that length, finds the lever operating substantially as if it were connected by a pitman with a flywheel-that is, tending to return at the limit of each stroke, and by its initial movement of return giving the suggestion to the operator to reverse his stroke, thus making the operation much more easy and natural than it would be in the absence of any device tending to give such suggestion.
  • a mechanism for converting motion comprising two gear wheels, a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the gear-wheels; two levers, having their fulcrums both at the same side of the axis of the shaft and at different distances therefrom, the lever having the nearer fulcrum having rigid with it an internal gearsegment meshing with one of the gear-wheels, and the lever having the more remote fulcrum having rigid with it an external gearsegment meshing with the other gear; and connections between the two levers by which the oscillation of one about its fulcrum communicates oscillation to the other in the same direction, about its fulcrum.
  • a mechanism for converting motion comprising two wheels, a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments fulcrumed at different points but at their respective centers, and means whereby they act upon the wheels respectively to rotate the same; and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in direction to give reverse movement to their respective wheels.
  • a mechanism for converting motion comprising two wheels; a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments fulcrumed at different points at their respective centers, acting upon the wheels respectively at opposite sides of the shaft to rotate said wheels; and connections between said segments to cause either one to actuate the other to give reverse rotary movement to their respective wheels.
  • a mechanism for converting motion comprising two wheels a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments of equal radius, fulcrumed at different points at their respective centers,and acting upon the wheels respectively to rotate the same, and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in direction to give reverse movement to their respective wheels.
  • a mechanism for converting motion comprising two wheels; a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments of equal radius, f ulcrumed atdifierent points but at my hand, at Chicago, Illinois, in the presence their respective centers and acting on the of twowitnesses, this 7th dayof August, A. D. 10 wheels respectively at opposite sides of the 1900.
  • a shaft,and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in'di- JAMES BAKER 1 rection to give reverse rotary movement to In presence of--- their respective wheels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

No. 69|,697. Patanted Jan. 2|, I902. .1. n. BAKER. MECHANISM FOR CONVERTING MOTION.
(Application filed Aug. 16, 1900. Renewed Apr. 4, 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shoat I.
mznonms PETERS 0a.. PHOTO-H1140" wAsnm'emm 0:0,
Patented. Ian. 2|, I902. J. u. BAKER. MECHANISM FOR CONVERTING MOTION.
(Application filed. Aug. 16, 1900. Benewci4pr. 4, 1901.)
2 Sheets-Shoot 2.
(No Model.)
@a JV/ @z M. M
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES H. BAKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.
MECHANISM FOR CONVERTING MOTION.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 691,697, dated January 21, 1902. Application filed August 15,1900. Renewed April 4, 1901. Serial No. 54,319. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, JAMES H.BAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Cookcounty, State of Illinois, have invented certain .new and useful Improvements in Mechanismfor Converting Motion, which are an improved means for convertingan oscillating or reciprocating movement into a 1:0- tary movement in such manner that every unit of movement of an oscillating or reciprocating'element pertaining to the device shall yield substantially the same rotary movement and that the change of direction of oscillation or reciprocation may occur without any tendency to arrest or retard the rotary movement, so that when the reciprocation or oscillation is produced by thehand or foot of an operator no loss or absorption of power may be caused by unskilfulness on the part of the operator in keeping time with the rotary movement.
A represents the shaft of any mechanism to be operated to which my device may be applied; B, a fly-wheel on such shaft. 0 and O are clutch-disks rigid with the shaft, each constitutingone element of a clutch pair','of
which the other elements are gear-wheels D D,
respectively, said gear-Wheels being journaled on the shaft A and cutaway at the center, so that a peripheral portion (1, comprising the gear-rim, encompasses a reduced portion 0 of the clutch-disk 0. Into said encompassing portion I preferably set rigidly a steel plate E, having oblique pockets E E for the clutch-rolls F F, which operate in a well-understood manner to cause the gearrim or outer element of the clutch to rotate the inner element in one direction and to ride idly thereon in the reverse direction. The pockets for the clutch-rolls are located so that at any position in the range of oscillation of the outer element at least one of the rolls is by gravity lodged on the shoulder c in position to per- At two points in a line intersecting the axis of the shaft A and both at the same side of said axis there are fulcru med levers Gand G, the former, which is nearer to the shaft A,
- having an internal segment-rack g, which meshes with the gear D on the side opposite that at which the fulcrum of the lever G is located, while the latter, having its fulcrum more remote from the shaft A, has an exterior segment-gear g meshing with the gear I) on the side toward the fulcrum of said lever. One of said levers has arms Gr G by which it may be operated either directly by the hand of the operator or by means of a pitman H,connected with a pedal. (Not represented.) Theother lever has an arm G which extends alongside one of the arms G2 of the first. lever and has a stud G preferably provided with an antifriction-roll, protruding into aslot G in the arm G sothat the oscillation of the first lever communicates oscillatory motion to the second lever, the slotted connection between the two having the purpose and effect of accommodating the movement of the two levers to each other in view of the distance between their fulcrums. The rangeof oscillation of the operating-lever Gr comprises an angle so situated with relation to the plane containing thepivot-axes of the two levers and the slot G extendsin such direction relativeto the pi vot-axisof the lever G? that said operatinglever G2 communicates to the second lever an angular movement equal to its own, and the pitch radii of the two. segment-racks being equal and the gear-wheels with which they respectively mesh being of equal diameter said gear-Wheels receive equal rotative movement from each oscillation of the oscillating lever, but in opposite directions. Thus at each oscillation one of the gears receives movement in the direction causing it by its clutch to drive the shaft A, while the other from the same movement is rotated in reverse direction about the shaft, as permitted by the structure of the clutch, without driving or resisting the driving of the shaft. In the opposite oscillation the situation is reversed and the second gear becomes the driving-gear, while the first gear is rotated in reverse direction about the shaft. thus continuous and independent even of the length of oscillation of the lever at each stroke, the momentum of the fly-wheel or mechanism tending to continue the rotation communicated by any stroke, however short, of the lever during any interval which may intervene between the oscillation of the lever in the opposite directions.
In order to give to the operating-lever G a tendency to return from the extreme of its movement in either direction, I connect with it by means of the yoke G, which is wide enough to span all the pivotal connections, a rigid stem G which, extends in a direction at right angles to the extent of the lever-arm G and on said stem 1 secure a weight K, which operates as a pendulum-ball, tending to rest at the lowest position and to hold the lever-arm G2 substantially horizontal when it comes to rest in such lowest position. Being disturbed from this position by any movement of the lever-arms away from a horizontal position in either direction it tends to cause them to return, and thus causes the whole lever to oscillate back and forth until it settles at the intermediate position, with the lever horizontal and the weight at the lowest point. hen the weight is adjusted on the stem at a distance tending to cause the period of oscillation of the entire lever thus weighted to agree with the rate of oscillation suitable to give the desired speed to the mechanism, the operator, conforming to that speed and accommodating his stroke substantially to the natural swing of a pendulum of that length, finds the lever operating substantially as if it were connected by a pitman with a flywheel-that is, tending to return at the limit of each stroke, and by its initial movement of return giving the suggestion to the operator to reverse his stroke, thus making the operation much more easy and natural than it would be in the absence of any device tending to give such suggestion.
I claim- 1. A mechanism for converting motion,comprising two gear wheels, a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the gear-wheels; two levers, having their fulcrums both at the same side of the axis of the shaft and at different distances therefrom, the lever having the nearer fulcrum having rigid with it an internal gearsegment meshing with one of the gear-wheels, and the lever having the more remote fulcrum having rigid with it an external gearsegment meshing with the other gear; and connections between the two levers by which the oscillation of one about its fulcrum communicates oscillation to the other in the same direction, about its fulcrum.
The rotation of the shaft is 2. In a mechanism for converting motion, in combination with the two clutchestheir respective gears-connected levers having gear-segments operating said gears respectively; one of said levers having a weight which causes its center of gravity to be below the fulcrum, whereby it tends to return the levers to the middle point of their respective paths of oscillation.
3. In a mechanism for converting motion, in combination with the two clutches-their respective gears-connected levers havinggear-segments operating said gears respectively; one of said levers having a weight which causes its center of gravity to be below the fulcrum, whereby it tends to return the levers to the middle point of their respective paths of oscillation; said weight being adjustable vertically on the lever to adapt the natural time of oscillation of the lever as a pendulum to the speed which it is desired to have the lever communicate to the gears.
4. A mechanism for converting motion, comprising two wheels, a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments fulcrumed at different points but at their respective centers, and means whereby they act upon the wheels respectively to rotate the same; and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in direction to give reverse movement to their respective wheels.
5. A mechanism for converting motion, comprising two wheels; a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments fulcrumed at different points at their respective centers, acting upon the wheels respectively at opposite sides of the shaft to rotate said wheels; and connections between said segments to cause either one to actuate the other to give reverse rotary movement to their respective wheels.
6. A mechanism for converting motion,comprising two wheels a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments of equal radius, fulcrumed at different points at their respective centers,and acting upon the wheels respectively to rotate the same, and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in direction to give reverse movement to their respective wheels.
7. A mechanism for converting motion,comprising two wheels; a shaft and two clutches thereon, of which one member of each is rigid with the shaft and the other member is free to revolve about the shaft and is rigid with one of the wheels; two segments of equal radius, f ulcrumed atdifierent points but at my hand, at Chicago, Illinois, in the presence their respective centers and acting on the of twowitnesses, this 7th dayof August, A. D. 10 wheels respectively at opposite sides of the 1900. a shaft,and connections between such segments to cause either one to actuate the other in'di- JAMES BAKER 1 rection to give reverse rotary movement to In presence of--- their respective wheels. CHAS. S. BURTON,
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ADNA H. BOWEN, Jr.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2757899A (en) * 1954-06-07 1956-08-07 Gabriel E Helm Water wave operated power mechanism
DE102005017040A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-11-09 Sergej Kasantschjan Wave power plant for electricity generation has float movable up and down to create torque in rotating rod
US20070152092A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Philip Ponka Perpetual bidirectional ratchet

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2757899A (en) * 1954-06-07 1956-08-07 Gabriel E Helm Water wave operated power mechanism
DE102005017040A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-11-09 Sergej Kasantschjan Wave power plant for electricity generation has float movable up and down to create torque in rotating rod
US20070152092A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Philip Ponka Perpetual bidirectional ratchet
US7610823B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2009-11-03 Metso Paper, Inc. Perpetual bidirectional ratchet

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