US678487A - Air-compressor. - Google Patents

Description

No'. 678.431. Patenten my le. lem.

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AIR COMPRESSOR.

(App1c\tion led Apr. 19, 1901.) (No-Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. 678,487. Patented July la, lem. E. HILL. AIR COMPRESSOR. (Applicatie-n 'mea Apr. 19', 1901.)

2 sheets-'sheet 2.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENTQFFICE EBENEZER HILL, OF SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT.

AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part f Letters Patent N0. 678,487, dated July 16, 1901.

Application led April 19, 1901.

To all whom t may concern,.- Be it known that I, EBENEZER HILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Norwalk, in the county of Faireld and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the means provided for keeping down the temperature of air or gas being compressed, and while it is particularly applicable to three-stage compressors it may be adapted to single and two stage compressors.

The object of the invention is to so arrange the ducts that the air or gas in the chamberon the inactive side of a compressing-piston is obliged to flow through' a cooler before reaching the chamber on the active side of a piston, thus insuring the cooling of all of the air or gas.

The embodiment of the invention that is illustrated has three compression-cylinders with common valves and pistons, the Vfirst or largest being double acting and the second or middle and the third or smallest being single acting, with a duct leading from the chambers on the active sides of the rst piston through a cooler to the chamber on the active side of the second piston, a duct leading from the chamber on the active sideof the second piston through a cooler to the chamber on the active of the third. piston, and a duct leading from the chamber between the inactive sides of the second and third pistons and communicating with the duct from the irst cylinder before it passes through its cooler, as more particularly hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side elevation showing the essential features of a threestage compressor with parts broken away to expose the mechanism. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same compressor; andFig. 3 is a view showing a single cylinder, piston, and cooler with a duct leading from the chamber on the inactive side of the piston and communicating with the cooling-duct before it ycompression-cylinder 9.

Serial No. 56,584 (No modela) The usual valves are so arranged that air or gas will enter this cylinder through the inletpipe 6 and be expelled through the outletpipe 7 at each stroke of the piston. This outlet-pipe passes through a cooler 8 of ordinary construction and is connected with the chamber on the active side of the second This second cylinder has common valves so arranged that air or gas which enters is expelled only on the back stroke of the compression-piston 10, that by a rod 11 is connected with the first compression-piston. A pipe 12 passes from the chamber onthe active side ofthe second compression-piston through an ordinary cooler 13 tothe chamber on the active side of the compression-piston 14 in the third compression-cylinder 15. Air or gas is expelled from the third cylinder through the outlet-pipe 16. The third compression-piston is connected by a rod 17 with the second compression-piston. The second compression-cylinder and the third compression-cylinder communicate,

. and the active chambers are on opposite sides lof the pistons in these cylinders-that is, air

or gas is compressed by the second piston on the back stroke andby the third piston on the forward stroke. The chamber 18 between these pistons is inactive. A pipe 19 leads from the passage 20, that communicates with the chamber 18 between the inactive sides of the secondV and third pistons, tothe pipe that communicates with the first cylinder before the latter pipe passes through the cooler 8, that cools the air or gas after it has been compressed in the Iirst cylinder and is being forced to the second cylinder.

The compression-cylinders have common Water-jackets and an ordinary circulating system 21, connecting the cylinder-jackets and the coolers with the source of the cooling Huid. By these means air or gas is cooled in the cylinders while under compression and while flowing from. the chamber on the active side of one piston to the chamber on the active side of the next piston. that ebbs and lows out of and into the chamber between the pistons is also cooled before it can pass to the chamber on the active side of a piston and commingle with the air or gas to be compressed by that piston, for it must pass through a cooler.

The air or gas Ico Subjecting all of the air or gas both in thechambers on the inactive sides of the pistons as well as in the chambers on the active sides of the pistons to the eiect of the cooling uid keeps the temperature down to such an extent that it is not necessary to spray the cylinders and boxes containing the packings to prevent them from becoming overheated.

The invention is not limited to a threestage compressor. The iirst compressioncylinder could be omitted, if desired, and, as shown in Fig. 3, the invention could be applied to a single-stage compressor. In this latter form the single-acting piston 22 compresses air or gas in the cylinder 23 on the back stroke. The inlet-pipe 25 and outletpipe 26 communicate with the chamber 24. The end of the cylinder is closed, so as to prevent the escape of air or gas that might leak past the piston into the chamber 27 on the inactive side of the piston, and this chamber is by a pipe 28 connected with the coolingduct before it passes through the cooler 29, so that air or gas that surges into and out of the chamber on the inactive side of the piston will be obliged to flow through the cooler before commingling with the air or gas that is compressed in the cylinder.

The coolers may be any common construction, and if more than one is used may be arranged one above the other, as shown in Fig.

l, or side by side, as is common with many compressors of this nature. The cylinders shown are arranged tandem, although they might be arranged parallel with one another.

The essential feature of this invention is the connecting of the chamber on the inactive side of a compressing-piston with a duct before that duct passes through the cooler that keeps down the temperature of the air or gas being compressed.

The employment of this invention results in lowering the temperature of the air or gas under compression,and consequently decreasing the temperature of the compressor parts. This increases the eiiiciency of the compressor and reduces the wear of the parts.

I claim as my inventionl. An air-compressor having a cylinder with a single-acting piston, a cooler, a duct connected with the chamber on the active side of the piston and extending through the cooler, and a duct connecting the chamber on the inactive side of the piston with the cooler-duct before it passes through the cooler, substantially as specified.

2. An air-compressor having cylinders with two single-acting pistons so arranged that the chambers on the inactive sides of the pistons communicate with each other, a cooler, a duct connected with the chamber on the active side of one of the pistons and extending through the cooler, and a duct connecting the communicating chambers on the inactive sides of the pistons with the cooler-duct before it passes through the cooler, substantially as specified.

3. An air-compressor having a plural number of cylinders with pistons, coolers, ducts connected with the chambers on the active sides of the pistons and extending through the coolers, and a duct connecting the chambers on the inactive sides of the pistons with acooler-duct before it passes through a cooler, substantially as specified.

4. An air-compressor having cylinders with a double-acting and two single-acting pistons, a cooler,- a duct connecting the chambers on the active sides of the single-acting pistons and extending through the cooler, and a. duct leading from the chamber on the inactive sides 'of the single-acting pistons to the cooler-duct before it passes through the cooler, substantially as specified.

5. An air-compressor having cylinders with a double-acting and two single-acting pistons, a cooler, a duct connecting the chambers on the active sides of the first piston with the chamber on the active side of the second pis# ton and extending through the cooler, a duct connecting the chamber on the active side of the second piston with the chamber on the active side of the third piston, and a duct leading from the'chamber between the second and third pistons to a. cooler-duct before it passes through a cooler,substantially as specified.

EBENEZER HILL.

Witnesses: l

E. HILL, Jr., HOWARD H. MossMAN.

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