US652773A - Apparatus for cleansing and cooling gas. - Google Patents

Description

No. 652,773. Patented luly 3, |900.

L. HIBT.

APPARATUS FUR CLEANSING AND COOLING GAS.

(Application tiled Aug. 23, 1899.)

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UNiTED STATES,"

1PATENT l OFFICE.

LUDWIG HIRT, OF GREVENBROIOI-I, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR OLEANSING A-ND COOLING GAS..

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N o. 652,773, dated July 3, 1900. Application led August 23, 1899. Serial No. 7281153. (No modell To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Beitknown that I, LUDWIG I-IIRT, a subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Grevenbroich, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Cleansing and Cooling Gases, especially Oarbonic Acid in Sugar Manufacturing, of which the following is a specication.

The herewith-described invention has for its object an apparatus for the cleansing or scrubbing of gasesthat is, the retaining and removing of mechanically-carried-over particles and the washing of the gases themselves. At the same time these latter may be cooled.

While the apparatus forming the subjectmatter of my invention may be applied to a variety of uses, the apparatus is particularly well adapted for the cleaning, washing, and cooling of the carbonio-acid gas used in sugar manufacture.

Figure 1 'shows the apparatus in.v central vertical lengthwise section. Fig. 2 shows details of the grates used in the apparatus on a larger scale than Fig. l. Fig. 3 shows the apparatus partly in elevation and partly in 'sec-v tion with a modified form of water-distributing appliance. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional view of the modified form of water-distributing appliance.

The apparatus shown in Fig. l in longitudinal vertical section consists of the vessel or receptacle A, of suitable cross-section, that is supplied with the following-named ttings and appliances: For the admission of the gas an inlet B is provided onthe lowervside of the receptacle A, to which inlet is connected the pipe C, which extends into the receptacle A and which has in its lower half perforations c and is closed at the opposite end Vto that-at which the gas enters.

of the receptacle A and may lbe fastened thereto bya flange. Thishas the advantage of permitting the ready removal ofthe pipe for cleaning-purposes.-

In the interior of the receptacle A there lie, above the pipe O, grates D. In the drawings This pipe O can, as' may be seen in Fig. l, reach through the wall' three of these gratings are shown, but more of them may be used. These gratings D consist of single grate-bars or of grate-plates cast, like several grate-bars, together. In the further descriptionz I shall consider only gratebars,l The single grate-bars have lateral projections, by means of which when the bars are laid together lside by side long openings or 4slits a are formed vbetween the bars. The cross-section of each barthat is, their lateral sides-tapers from above downward and terminates in the pyramid or conical droppingcorners b on the lower side of each bar. The height of these grate-bars can be-proportionate to the mass of water and the volume of gas-currents that iiow upon, over, or past them and may be diiferent in different parts of the apparatus. The bars of the superposed gratings can also be so arranged that they are laid either in a suitable angle to each other (preferably those in one row ninety de- Above the gratinga'suitable water-sprayer is arranged. This vcan, consist of a pipeE,

that within the receptacle 4is perforated'on'its under half or side. In place of this pipe the distribution of the water can also be effected (as seen in'Fig. 3 ,vwhich isotherwise like Fig. l) by spray-plates L, the arrangement of which is seen in Fig. 4. A

The construction and operation of the distributing-plates or `spray plates or cones for the coolingwater are as follows, inthe accompanying illustration three'such plates or cones being showntalthough more or fewer may be used. These distributers vare attached to the central vertical cooling-water pipe M,'"al

-though they may be otherwise attached, if so desired. This central pipeha's a bridge lO, the arms of which are for the purpose `of of fering minimum resistance to the water lensshaped in cross-section. For the same reason the middle of the bridge or spiderrthatnis there are the adjustable distributing cones or funnels P and R. The middle funnel-shaped plate P has a supporting-bow I, of lens-shaped cross-section, that carries the sleeve Q, which latter has an interior thread. By means of this the plate P is screwed on the spindle N and can be vertically adjusted. The nut 6, which sits on the spindle N under the sleeve Q, serves as a lock-nut as well as to fasten the plate P. The inner distributing` plate R, which has the form of a truncated cone, has a screwed sleeve S, which can be adjusted on the threaded part of the spindle N. The nut 5 serves as a lock-nut and also to make this plate R fast on the spindle. The outer plate T is fastened by three screws lO with iiat heads, which screws are led through the eye l2 on the pipe M. By means cf the nuts '7, which are on the screws l0 above the eye l2, this plate T can be vertically adjusted. Between or among the plates It P T, on the one hand, and between the plate T and the pipe M, on the other hand, are spaces, the width of each of which can be varied by adjustment of the distributing-cones. The water which flows through M is by means of the distribution-cones diverted sidewise. It goes through the spaces between the plates and the pipe and is thereby sprayed or spread in line films or sheets of parabolic bell form upon the entire surface of the underlying parts of the condenser vessel A. Adjustment of the plates regulates the proper distribution of the coolin g-water over this surface.

Above the water-spreader there is, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3, a sieve F, which serves for the separation of any water from the gas as the latter passes from the apparatus, as will hereinafter more fully appeal'. For the better attainment of this end there can be laid on this sieve a iiltering material or coke. The manhole G serves for the bringing in of this material and for general cleaning out of the apparatus. The nozzle II, attached to the cover of the vessel A, serves for the outlet of the cleaned gases. The water which collects in the vessel A goes through the water-overflow I, Fig. 1,when it reaches the rightheight. The pipe connected to the water-overliow is bent to form an ordinary water-trap, as indicated at rc, and which is constantly Iilled with water, so as to constitute a water seal for the prevention of the escape of gas or the en trance of air.

The blow-off cock K serves for the complete emptying ot' the apparatus.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The water which enters through the water sprayer or distributer is by this latter distributed. in a rain or shower over the entire upper surface of the upper grating. This water trickles downward along the gratingsurface and falls from the dropping surfaces or points finely divided upon the gratin g-surfaces below, which effect a still :finer subdivision. By reason of the great number of dropping surfaces or points there results between the grates and below the lowest one a tine mist-like rain, which offers an enormous water-surface to the gases which meet it. The water which falls collects in the lower part of the vessel until it reaches the overiiow and what would reach a greater height than this leaves the apparatus. The gas which comes into the pipe C through the nozzle B is compelled to leave the pipe through the openings c, Fig. 1, in a finely-divided condition and to rise through the water column which exists in the vessel A. In this manner a large part of the coarser impurities will be removed. The gas goes now through the mist-like water-shower below and between the gratings and between these and the water sprayer. At the same time it comes in contact with the surfaces of the gratings. In this manner the gas gives up its last impurities. Then it passes for separation from the possibly mechanically-entangled water through the sieve-plate F and the filter layer which lies thereupon and at last leaves the apparatus through the nozzle I-I. By means of this previously-described procedure the gas is however thoroughly cooled by the water, especially as it is so iinely divided.

I claiml. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, the combination of a main vessel, gas inlet and openings therefor, a gasdistributing device extending throughout the diameter of the vessel and located in the lower portion thereof, a water-spraying device 1ocated in the upper portion of the vessel, a series of superposed grates having the openings therein the openings in each grate being angularly disposed to the openings in an adjacent gratc, said gratos being interposed between the water-spraying and gas-distributing devices and a iilter layer located above the water-spraying device and in the path of the gas-outlet.

2. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, the combination of a gas-distributer located in the lower portion of the apparatus and comprising a pipe C open at its inlet end and perforated on its lower side, a filter layer F in the upper part of the appa ratus, a gas-outlet pipe II above the filter, a water-spraying device consisting of an inletpipe E perforated on its under side, said water-spraying device being located under the filter layer, a plurality ot' superposed gratings D having the openings therein the openings in each grate being angularly disposed to the openings in an adjacent grate for tine division of the dripping water and an overflowpipe I provided with a coperating water seal, said overflow being located above the gasdistributer.

3. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, a filter layer, a water-inlet with IOO TIO

Water distributing device below said Iilter In testimony that I claim the foregoing as layer, a gas-inlet device and several supermy invention I have signed my name, in presxo posed horizontal gratings or slotted plates D, ence of two Witnesses, this 18th day of July, the orevioes or slots of which latter are cross- 1899.

5 wise to each other, with pyramidal dropping- LUDWIG HIRT.

points for the equal distribution of the Water Witnesses: which trickles through the creviees or slots, CARL KNooP,

throughout the interior of the apparatus. HERNANDO DE SOTO.

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