US62684A - Improvement in machines for making horseshoe-nails - Google Patents

Description

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N- PETERS, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON D C UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OEEIGE.

VSILLAS S. PUTNAM AND LUGIUS H. DWELLEY, OF DORCHESTER, MASS.

ASSIGNORS TO S.

S. PUTNAM & CO.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING HORSESi- IEI-NAILIS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 62,684, dated March 5, 1867.

the county of N orfolk'and State of Massachu-- setts, have invented an Improved Machine for Making Wrought Nails, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in whichl'Figure 1 is a perspective view of our improved machine, a portion of the top plate being broken away to show the cut-oif77 and gage. Fig. 2 is a rear view, showing the drivingshaft and gearing, the top plate being removed; Fig. 3, detail lshowing the cut-oli" and gage rin elevation. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section through one of the dieholders.

. Our inventionconsists in an improved ma-Q chine'for making wrought nails directly from the rod by a continuous' operation, the blankV or piece of metal from which. the nail is to be made being first cut oi from therod, and then passed successivelyT through a series of revolving dies operating in pairs, by whichit is gradually drawn down and converted into a iinished nail.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use our invention, we will proceed to describe the manner in which we have carried it out.

In the' said drawings, A is the bed-plate,

` from which rises a heavy standard, A', which supports the working parts of the machine. B is the drivingshaft, which is supported in the bearing C, and has attached to it the driving-pulley D. E is a bevel-gear attached to the drivin g-shaft, rwhich'drives the bevel-gear F, to the shaft of which is secured a cog-wheel, V,from which motion is communicatechthrough suitable intermediate gearsW X,to the gears G H I J K L. M is a beveled gear attached' to the opposite endof the shaft B,

which drives the bevel-gear N, fromthe shaft of which motion is communicated, through the gear B2, to thegears O P Q B S. The shafts oft-heseg'earsGr H I J KL O P, B2 Q R S run in suitable bearings, Y,lpro ]'ectinf gI from the standard A', and carry at their 0pposite ends the revolving die-holders'orrolls a b c d e j g h j k l, which are arranged in pairs beneath eachother, and each pair at at right angles to that immediately above it, as seen in- Fig. 1. Each of these die-holders has a recess cut nearly across its face, for the reception of a steel block or die, C2, which is so fitted to it that it may be moved lin its recess and adjusted by mea-ns of the screws y and z, Fig. 4, the outer end of each of the dies being curved to correspond to the circular form of the die-holders.

The recesses in the first pair of dies are of a half-round form, enlarged at the head and tapering to a point, bywhichfthe blank is slightly reduced and drawnout. This form -i's retained in thes'econd and third pair of dies, by Awhich the blank is further reduced and elongated, the round form being maintained for the reason that, in reducing a blank in a square or iiat form during the entire process, the alternate action of the dies on opposite sides is liable to twist the blank and make its point diamond-shaped in its crosssection instead of square, as is required. The three succeeding pairs-of dies have their recesses formed rectangular .to further reduce the nail and finish it of the required form.

We do not confine ourselves to the exact number of pairs of dies of each of these forms, as above described, but consider the drawing down of the blank nearly or quite to a point in the round form, in the first part of the operation, and the gradual reduction of the blank, as essential to the production of a per--4 fect nail. The dies in the upper part of the' blank and cutting it ,ofrom the rod will'now be describedL Tisthe top plate, from which rises the tube U, of any suitablelength, through which the nail-rod is fed into the machine.

m is a steel block secured to the under side of the plate T, and has a hole through it of a '2 l 'casu suiicient siz'e to allow the passage of the nailrod, andforms a stationary cutter. vnis a reciprocating cutter, pivoted at o to an elbow, p, secured to the plate T, and has an arm, q, which is bent over, forming a spring, 6, which rests against the under side of the plate T. r is a projection. on the arm q, which is struck by a tooth, 7, on the back of the die-holder a, Figs. 2 land 3, as it revolves, by which means the cutter n is vibrated in contact with the lower face of the block m, to sever a blank from the rod at veach complete revolution of the dies. s is a tube or conductor leading to the first pair of dies through an elongated aperture, in which projects the bent arm or iinger 8 of a gage, t, against which' the end of the. nail-rod rests. This gage is pivoted at u to an ear, v, rising from the top plate, and

its length is adjusted by a slot in the ear o, and a screw, in a well-known manner. As the cutter n is vibrated to cut oi a piece of the rod, it strikes the gage t, and vibrates it to one side against the resistance ot aspring, 5.,

4thus withdrawing the finger 8 from the tube s, and permitting the piece of metal or blank to pass through the tube s into the first pair of dies', which are so arranged and timed, with respect to the cut-on', as to be in the exact .position to receive the blank as it passes through the conductor. A tube or conductor is placed between each pair of rolls or die` holders, to receive the blank and guide it to the next pair below.

Operation: The dies having been set in motion throughthe connections alreadyl explained, the nail-rod, properly heated, is placed in the tube U, as shown in Fig. 1 and passes down between the cutters until ltis arrested by the gage in the tube s. volve, the tooth 7 strikes against the projection r on the arm q of the cutter n, by which it is vibrated, and a piece of metal or blank of a proper length to form a nail is cut olf from the rod, the gage t being struck at the same time by the cutter 'n and moved out of the tube s, to allow the blank to pass through to the dies. At the instant the blank iscut ofi', the tooth 7 passes oil' the projection o' on the arm q, and the cutter 'n is drawn back by the action of the spring 6, which permits the gage t to be returned to its place by the spring 5 in time to arrest the end of the nailrod as it falls through the tube U. The blank passes through the conductor s into the first pair of dies, which are in the proper position to receive it, and as they revolve it is slightly elongated, and discharged into the tube or conductor w, through which it passes to the next pair of dies beneath, where the operation is repeated; and when the first pair of dies has made a complete revolution a fresh blank is cut oi and passed in, as before. The blanks are thus passed successively from one pair of dies to that immediately beneath, the revolution of each pair of dies being timed so that As the dies re-V they will arrive in the proper position to receive the blank as it comes from the 'pair next above, by which -means the blank is gradually drawn down to the required form and converted into a finished nail. 1f preferred, the gage t may be dispensed with, and the nail-rod may be fed into the machine at the required intervals by means of rolls or other suitable device.

It will be seen'that by the above-described machine we are enabled to form a wrought nail directly from the rod without its being partially formed in another machine, thus reducing the expense 'and facilitating the process of manufacturing. By iirst reducing the blank to a point, in a round or oval form, as above described, we are enabled to produce a more perfect nail than when the blank is drawn down -in a square or ilat form during We do not conne ourselves to the exact" position and arrangement of the/die-holders or "rolls, as shown, for these may bevaried without departing fromthe spirit of' our invention. For instance, instead of each pair of die-holders being at right angles to the succeeding pair,twc pairs may be arranged in the same vertical plane, and the two succeeding pairs at right angles thereto. 'We prefer the method rst described, however, as it is the most compact and simple. the blank being cut from the rod as-abwe described, it may be cut from a plate of the required width and thickness, a suitable cnt oi" and conductor being used.

We are aware that a single pair of dies for making nails has been used, and that two pairs of dies workin g at right angles to each other, but acting simultaneously upon the blank, with the intention of making a nail at a single operation, have also been used 5 and we are further aware that a series of traveling and revolving dies operating "on three sides of a stationary blank,'in combination with a stationary former, has been used; and that a series of vibrating-lever dies, arranged at right angles to each other and operating alternatelyon opposite sides of the blank, has been used; but in this latter case fthe operation is'more one of squeezing than of working, welding, and drawing out. These, therefore, we do not claim.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. ,The combination of the' several pairs of revolving dies, connected by gearing, and

Instead of otherwise arranged to operate successively during the first part .of the operation, and and alternately' on opposite sides of a nailafterward to the form properfor the nail, as

b1ank,substantial1y as described. speciied.

2. In combination with the foregoing, a de- SILAS S. PUTNAM. vice for cutting oft` the blank, substantially LUCIUS H. D'WELLEY. as described'. Witnesses to signature of S. S. Putnam:

3. In nail-making machines having. a series R. K. BELLAMYI, of pairs'of revolving dies, operating substan- J. E. PUTNAM. tially as described, constructing the several Witnesses to signature ofL. H.Dwel1ey: pairs of dies in the formA herein described, for P. E. TESGHEMACHER, drawing down the blank in a roundedform N. W. STEARNS.

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