US618722A - Ernest edward munro payne - Google Patents
Ernest edward munro payne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US618722A US618722A US618722DA US618722A US 618722 A US618722 A US 618722A US 618722D A US618722D A US 618722DA US 618722 A US618722 A US 618722A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- leather
- hides
- skins
- alkaline
- payne
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 36
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 32
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylaldehyde Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L MgCl2 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkaline earths Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
Definitions
- WVe are well aware that in certain processes of leather dressing or manufacture the action of one of the chemicals which we employ in the present invention is Well known'that is to say, formic aldehyde, (OH O,) which it has been proposed to use in such processes; but the present invention consists, essentially, in using the said formic aldehyde, or in some cases other aldehydes, in combination with certain other substances, so as to effect the formation of leather by means of the action of certain compounds of formic aldehyde and of other aldehydes, together with other materials-such as alkaline carbonates, alkaline hydrates, alkaline earths, and other compounds of an alkaline reaction-singly ormixed, upon the fibrous tissue of skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof, which leather cannot be produced by the action of these aldehydes alone upon the said skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof.
- formic aldehyde (OH O,)
- aldehydes other than formic aldehyde, in their pure state have not up to the present time been used in the preparation of leather on a commercial or manufacturing scale, and a part of the present invention relates to the use of these aldehydes, other than formic aldehyde, in conjunction with each other or in combination or admix to form an insoluble compound, each one producing a different chemical combination, but at the same time of commercial Value in the production of leather, some being white andothers of other colors, used in substantially the same way as formic aldehyde-that is to say, a solution containing substantially the proportion of aldehydementioned belowand enough sodium carbonate or equivalent compound of alkaline reaction to keep the solution neutral is used.
- Our invention is also applicable to skins, furs, hides, pelts, or portions thereof which are already in certain states of combination as leather, either partly or completely, or which are intended to be treated by some other known process of leather dressing or dyeing, coloring, &c., such as are known in employ the compound or mixture of formic aldehyde with other substances or their combined action we give the following:
- This solution or dressing liquor is added to the contents of the drum while still revolving in quantities varying from one or more gallons at a time at intervals of fifteen or more minutes, it being essential that the whole be not added at once, in which case the result produced would be not so good commercially.
- Aldehydes acrolein, (acrylic aldehyde,) (0 11 0;) acetaldehyde, (ordinary aldehyde,) (0 11 0 propionic aldehydes and other aldehydes and their polymers; fixed alkaline carbonates; fixed alkaline hydrates, and fixed weak alkaline compounds, such as saponaceous and other compounds of alkaline constitution.
- the alkaline earths used are in the state of oxid or 11ydrate-for example, OaO, (oxid of calcium;) Oa.2, (l'-IO,) (hydrate of calcium MgO, (oxid of magnesium Mg.2, (10,) (hydrate of magnesiuu1,) and other suitable salts, or these salts produced within the material itself by metathesis, such as magnesium hydrate, (Mg.2 (HO) produced by the action of NaNo (caustic soda) upon MgGl (magnesium chlorid.
- the processof manufacturing leather which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde or its equivalent, and a compound of alkaline reaction, and at the close of the tanning operation removing the excess of said solution from the hides or skins, substantially as described.
- the process of manufacturing leather which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde and a compound of alkaline reaction, heating the liquid to WhlClhthG skins are subjected at or near the close of the tanning operation, and removing the excess of the tanning solution by agitating the hides or skins in a solution of ammonium sulfate, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
ERNEST EDWARD MUNRO PAYNE,'OF AYLESBURY, AND JOHN PUL MAN AND EDWARD ENGLAND PULLMAN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND; sAID PAYNE ASSIGNOR TO sAiD JOHN PULLMAN AND EDWARD ENGLAND PULLMAN.
PROCESS OF LEATHER MANUFACTURE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,722, dated January 31, 1899.
Application filed October 1, 1898. Serial No. 692,432. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that we, ERNEST EDWARD MUNRO PAYNE, residing at Aylesbury, in the county of Buckingham, and JOHN PULLMAN and EDWARD ENGLAND PULLMAN, residing at London, in the county of Middlesex, England, all subjects of the British Queen, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Leather Manufacture; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. This invention consists in novel improvements in the process of forming leather from skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof, prepared in certain manners by the action of certain chemicals in various conditions of mixture or chemical combination, or both.
WVe are well aware that in certain processes of leather dressing or manufacture the action of one of the chemicals which we employ in the present invention is Well known'that is to say, formic aldehyde, (OH O,) which it has been proposed to use in such processes; but the present invention consists, essentially, in using the said formic aldehyde, or in some cases other aldehydes, in combination with certain other substances, so as to effect the formation of leather by means of the action of certain compounds of formic aldehyde and of other aldehydes, together with other materials-such as alkaline carbonates, alkaline hydrates, alkaline earths, and other compounds of an alkaline reaction-singly ormixed, upon the fibrous tissue of skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof, which leather cannot be produced by the action of these aldehydes alone upon the said skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof. Moreover, certain aldehydes, other than formic aldehyde, in their pure state have not up to the present time been used in the preparation of leather on a commercial or manufacturing scale, and a part of the present invention relates to the use of these aldehydes, other than formic aldehyde, in conjunction with each other or in combination or admix to form an insoluble compound, each one producing a different chemical combination, but at the same time of commercial Value in the production of leather, some being white andothers of other colors, used in substantially the same way as formic aldehyde-that is to say, a solution containing substantially the proportion of aldehydementioned belowand enough sodium carbonate or equivalent compound of alkaline reaction to keep the solution neutral is used.
In carrying out the invention there are many details to be observed in the preparation of the skins, furs, hides, pelts, or parts thereof which are capable of great variations in order to obtain those results which are required for commercial purposes; but we will now proceed to give some few examples in detail of the manner in which the invention may be carried out, adding an outline of its general application in the art of leather dressing or manufacture.
Our invention is also applicable to skins, furs, hides, pelts, or portions thereof which are already in certain states of combination as leather, either partly or completely, or which are intended to be treated by some other known process of leather dressing or dyeing, coloring, &c., such as are known in employ the compound or mixture of formic aldehyde with other substances or their combined action we give the following: We take four hundredweight, or thereabout, of skin, fur, hides, pelts, or portions thereof, prepared in the well-known ways by suitable washing, liming, bating, puring, or drenching, and we treat them in a closed revolving drum containing from one hundred to one hundred and twenty gallons of water (preferably distilled, though ordinary water will suffice) at a temperature of about 100 Fahrenheit. In successive quantities we then add a mixture of formic aldehyde (OII O) in aqueous solution, of thirty per cent. or stronger, and sodium carbonate, (Na OO the mixture being made in about the following proportions and being termed by us dressing liquorz Formic aldehyde, (containing thirty-six per cent. 01-1 0,) about sixteen pounds; sodium carbonate, (eighty per cent. Na CO about thirty-two pounds, and water, (preferably distilled,) a sufliciency-that is to say, from ten to fifteen gallons or even less may be used, so long as enough water to make a perfect solution is used. This solution or dressing liquor is added to the contents of the drum while still revolving in quantities varying from one or more gallons at a time at intervals of fifteen or more minutes, it being essential that the whole be not added at once, in which case the result produced would be not so good commercially. According to the thickness and receptive power of the material operated upon the length of time varies which is required to produce the most perfect results. For light goods from three to six hours are suiiicient and for heavy goods from twelve to forty-eight hours; but we do not confine ourselves to any precise length of time.- WVhen the goods are showing leather to a sufficient extent, we find it advantageous to increase the temperature to about 118 Fahrenheit, a better loosening of the fatty matter contained in the materials operated upon and a more even result being thus obtained. Having obtained the goods in this condition, we find that the sodium carbonate (or other alkali, alkaline carbonate, or alkaline earth) is retained ultimately by the material and if allowed to remain therein would be detrimental to the strength of the finished product. In order to remove this alkali, alkaline carbonate, or alkaline earth, we submit the goods, in a revolving drum or paddle, to the action of any solvent, preferably ammonium sulfate, (NII SO of ninety-five per cent. in the proportion of about sixteen pounds dissolved in about one hundred or one hundred and twenty gallons of water, preferably distilled, at a temperature of about 100 to 120 Fahrenheit. The goods are then withdrawn and inserted, paddled, or drummed and nourished in a so lution of soft soap, ten pounds, (commercial soft soap, containing about sixty-six per cent. potassium soap, we find answers well,) and common salt, or chloride of sodium, ten
'pounds, or in approximate proportion, dissolved in about eighty gallons of water, preferably distilled, for a longer or shorter time, about three hours being found sufiicient for light goods and about six hours for heavy goods. The goods may then be dried forthwith and finished.
Having now described the manner in which the compound or mixture of OH O-(formic aldehyde) with Na GO (sodium carbonate) maybe used and a result produced totally clifferent from that which can be obtained by the use of formic aldehyde alone, we will mention some of the other aldehydes and other chemicals or substances which may be used to obtain other results in combination. In each case we take the molecular weight of the chemicals employed and keep the respective amounts used about chemically proportionate to those already mentioned. Aldehydes: acrolein, (acrylic aldehyde,) (0 11 0;) acetaldehyde, (ordinary aldehyde,) (0 11 0 propionic aldehydes and other aldehydes and their polymers; fixed alkaline carbonates; fixed alkaline hydrates, and fixed weak alkaline compounds, such as saponaceous and other compounds of alkaline constitution. The alkaline earths used are in the state of oxid or 11ydrate-for example, OaO, (oxid of calcium;) Oa.2, (l'-IO,) (hydrate of calcium MgO, (oxid of magnesium Mg.2, (10,) (hydrate of magnesiuu1,) and other suitable salts, or these salts produced within the material itself by metathesis, such as magnesium hydrate, (Mg.2 (HO) produced by the action of NaNo (caustic soda) upon MgGl (magnesium chlorid.
Having fullydescribed our invention, what we desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The process of manufacturing leather, which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde orits equivalent, and-a compound of an alkaline reaction, substantially as described.
2. The process of manufacturing leather, which consists in agitating hides or skins in water and adding thereto successive portions of a solution containing formic aldehyde or its equivalent, and a compound of alkaline reaction, substantially as described.
3. The process of manufacturing leather, which consists .in agitating hides or skinsin warm water, adding successive portionsof a solution containing formic aldehyde and a compound of alkaline reaction and heating the liquid in which the hides or skins are immersed at or near the close of the tanning operation, substantially as described.
4. The processof manufacturing leather, which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde or its equivalent, and a compound of alkaline reaction, and at the close of the tanning operation removing the excess of said solution from the hides or skins, substantially as described.
5. The process of manufacturing leather, which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde and a compound of alkaline reaction, heating the liquid to WhlClhthG skins are subjected at or near the close of the tanning operation, and removing the excess of the tanning solution by agitating the hides or skins in a solution of ammonium sulfate, substantially as described.
6. The process of manufacturing leather, which consists in subjecting hides or skins to the action of a solution containing formic aldehyde and sodium carbonate, substantially as described.
7. The process of manufacturing leather;
which consists in agitating hides or skins in Warm Water and adding thereto successive portions of a solution containing formic alde- ERNEST EDWARD MUNRO PAYNE. JNo. PULLMAN. EDWARD ENGLAND PULLMAN.
Witnesses:
L. WENGER, WALTER ERNEST Swiss.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US618722A true US618722A (en) | 1899-01-31 |
Family
ID=2687331
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US618722D Expired - Lifetime US618722A (en) | Ernest edward munro payne |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US618722A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2880053A (en) * | 1956-01-03 | 1959-03-31 | Martin L Fein | Process of tanning hides with polymethoxyaldehyde compounds and optionally vegetable tanning |
-
0
- US US618722D patent/US618722A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2880053A (en) * | 1956-01-03 | 1959-03-31 | Martin L Fein | Process of tanning hides with polymethoxyaldehyde compounds and optionally vegetable tanning |
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