US615017A - elliott - Google Patents

Description

No. 6I5,0I7. Patented Nov. 29, |398. C. ELLIOTT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application' filed Nov. 26, 1895.]

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No. 6|5,0I7. Patented Nov. 29, |898. C. ELLIOTT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led Nov. 26, 1896.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented Nov. 29, |898 C. ELLIOTT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Applicqtion led Nov. 26 1895 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 (N0 Modeln THENOR PTR PNTO THOw HNTN c mszcsco.. u L ,Aslno n TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application led Nov. 26, 1895.1

5 Sheets--Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

WIZ/KESSES mmm MM No. 6I5,0|7. Patented Nov. 29, |898. C. ELLITT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application .Iled Nov. 26, 1895.)

(No Model.)

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. View of the writing mechanism.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CRAWFORD ELLIOTT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 615,017, dated. November 29, 1898. Application filed November 26,1895. Serial No. 570,153. (No model.)

New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Type-Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to that class of type-writing machines which are designed to write on books or stationary sheets sustained beneath the machine, such machines comprising usually an open stationary baseframe adapted to rest upon the sheet or book and a writing mechanism sustained by said base-frame, movable both longitudinally and laterally with respect to the same, to effect the letter-spacing and line-spacing and arranged to print downward through the baseframe onto the sheet or book thereunder.

The present invention is directed more particularly to the adaptation of machines of this general character to large record-books; and the'invention consists in the various irnproved features of construction more particularly described in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved writing mechanism and the connected book-support, showing a book in position beneath the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional elevation on the line a 0., various portions of the book-support being omitted. Fig. 3 is a similar section, on an enlarged scale, through one of the individual supports for the book-covers on the line b b of Fig. 4, the position of the writing mechanism being indicated by dotted lines. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional elevation, on an enlarged scale, through the parts in the foregoing figure on the line c c, the writing mechanism being shown in elevation. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a detail. Fig. 7 is an elevation of the feeding mechanism for advancing the Writing mechanism to effect the letter and word spacing.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a table or support having at its center, near its frontand rear,two standards 2 and 3, in which is loosely mounted a longitudinally-extending central shaft 4, inclined upwardly toward its rear end. On the opposite ends of this shaft, which extend beyond the standards,

are applied two angular arms 5, which are perforated at their center to receive the shaft and which are confined thereon by nuts or other suitable means, the arrangement being such that these arms may rock on the shaft as a center. The opposite ends of the arms are formed with openings and mounted loosely on longitudinal rods 7, sustained a slight distance below two leaves S by depending brackets 9, the said leaves being adapted to give individual support to the backs of the book when the latter is placed thereon in an open position. From this description it will be seen that the leaves are pivoted at their centers on the ends of the rocking arms, the result being that they (the leaves) may be moved vertically upward and downward and also tipped on their centers, the one rising as the other descends. The purpose of this is to provide for the adjustment of the book at the proper position with respect to the overlying writing mechanism hereinafter described and irrespective of the difference in the number of leaves supported above the book-covers.

In order that the supporting-leaves may be held in the position placed, I provide two binding-screws 10, which are screwed longitudinally into the table 1 and have their inner ends arranged to engage and abut against two vertical plates 11, depending from the under sides of the supporting-leaves and eX- tending through slots l2 in the table thereunder. These plates serve also as guides for the supporting-leaves, maintaining them atl all times in a truly horizontal position Without regard to their vertical movement. The adjustable leaves thus described give support to the two backs of the book 13 when the latter is placed thereon in an open position, the whole sustaining the writing mechanism 14, which rests upon the leaf which is to receive the printing. This mechanism has its type-bars arranged to strike at a common center downward, as is common in machines of this character, and it is sustained by a rectangular open base-frame 15, comprising two longitudinally-extending bars l5 connected at their opposite ends by cross-bars 16,whioh latter are fixed, preferably, to the under sides of the longitudinal bars, so that when the frame rests on the book the cross-bars will extend at the outside of the leaf and the lon- IOO gitudinal bars rest iatly and snugly on the leaf, as plainly shown in Fig. 2. This rectangular frame is hinged at its rear edge to turn upward, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, in order that when one page has been filled with writing it may be turned over to receive writing on its reverse side. The hinging of the frame is effected by ixing to the under side of the rear cross-bar, near its opposite ends, two lugs 17 and 18, each provided with a horizontal opening surrounding a transverse horizontal bar 19, centered at its ends in plates 20, which are mounted in vertical slots in standards 21, rising from the table 1 at its rear corners. The plates are provided with threaded projections 22, extending .outward through the slots in the standards, and they are held at the point in the slots to which they may be adjusted by clamping-nuts 23, applied to the threaded projections, as shown in Fig. 4. From this description it will beseen that the base-frame on which the writing mechanism is sustained is hinged at its rear edge on a horizontal axis, adjustable vertically to and from the supporting-leaves on which the book rests. The purpose of this vertical adjustment is to provide for books varying in thickness, the pivoting-bar being adjusted to a higher position when thick books are to be printed on and to a lower position when thin books are written upon.

It will be noticed that the base-frame may be slid transversely along the bar 19 from one side to the other, the purpose of which is to provide for lthe adjustment of the writing mechanism to write upon the reverse sides of the leaves after the latter have been turned and then by the sliding of the machine in an opposite direction to write upon a new page. The base-frame is securely held at any point along the bar by means of a clamping-screw 24, extending through ears 25, projecting from the side of the lug 18, which latter is split, so as to clamp or release the rod, as desired.

The movement of the writing mechanism longitudinally and laterally of the base-frame is accomplished in the following manner:

Extending transversely across the baseframe are two bars 25 and 26, connected at their ends by two longitudinally-extending bars 27 and 28, the whole forming a rectangular open frame giving direct support to the writing mechanism and movable longitudinally along the upper side of the base-frame to effect the line-spacing and designated, for the sake of convenience, the secondary frame.

The writing mechanism comprises a ringlike frame 29, sustainingaseries of type-bars 30 and their actuating key-levers 31, the former arranged to strike downward at a common point, as more fully described hereinafter. The frame is provided at its rear with two upwardly-extending bracket-arms 32, bolted to the upper side of the ring and formed on their inner sides with curved bearing-surfaces arranged to partly surround and embrace a horizontal cylindrical guide-rod 33, extending transversely across the secondary frame and sustained in the upper ends of two standards 34, rising from the opposite ends of the same at its rear edge. These bracketarms extend on opposite sides of the guiderod and are each provided with an overhanging horizontal finger 35, through which is extended in a downward direction pins 36, forming the journals of friction-rollers 37, curved inward at their peripheral edges to partly embrace the guide-bar. The rollers, in connection with the curved bracket-arms, wholly embrace the guide-bar and admit of the lateral movement of the ring-frame along the bar, but prevent it from leaving the same. They also admit of the writing mechanism being turned upward on the bar as an axis to expose the writing to view. At its front the machine-frame is guided in its lateral movement by a roller 38, mounted on a horizontal axis projecting forwardly from the lowerend ofa curved arm 39, extending downward from the front of the ring-frame, the said roller being in position to travel along the front transverse bar 26 of the secondary frame, before alluded to. From this description it will be seen that the writing mechanism is movable both longitudinally of the base-frame to effect the line-feed and also transversely of the same to eifect the letterspacing, and this through the medium of a secondary frame movable longitudinally of the base-frame and giving support to the machine proper, Which latter in turn is movable transversely of the secondary frame on the rear guide-rod and front bar 26.

The movement of the secondary frame longitudinally of the base-frame is accomplished by means of a horizontal pinion 39, mounted loosely on a stud 39b on the side bar 28 of the secondary frame in position to engage a stationary rack 39c on the side of the base-frame. This pinion is provided with a series of holes 40, so spaced that the movement of the pinion the distance between the holes will cause the secondary frame to be moved the proper distance to space a line. The movement of the pinion is effected by means of two levers 41 and 42, the former being mounted at its inner end loosely on the stud and having its outer end pivoted to the lever 42, which latter is provided on its under side with a pin 43,

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arranged to enter the holes in the pinion. To I move the transverse frame to space a line, the end of the lever 42 is lifted and the pin thereon withdrawn from the hole in the pinion and the lever is carried rearward and the pin inserted in the next hole, after which the lever is returned to its former position,whicl1 movement will turn the pinion and advance the secondaryframe the properdistance. The pivotal joint between the two levers is formed so as to permit of a slight play of lever 42 in order to allow its pin to be withdrawn from the hole, and thisy play of the lever is limited and the two are held in their proper relative positions by means of a headed pin 44 on lever 41, extending through a slot 45 in lever 42. I have thus described a mechanism for effecting the line-spacing which will answer admirably the purpose in view and which in itself possesses novel features; but it will be understood that it may be replaced by mechanisms of other forms for the same purpose.

The lateral movement of the machine-frame proper carrying the type-bars and finger-levers is effected through the medium of pawls or dogs 46 of the usual and customary construction for this purpose. They are in position to engage a fixed rack-bar 47, extending transversely at the rear of the ring-frame, with its ends extending forward and mounted on the guide-rod 33 at the inner side of the standards 34, before described. The pawls are carried by a horizontal bar 48, centered between screws 49, extending through the upper ends of the overhangingbrackets 32, the

arrangement being such that this bar may rock and permit the writing mechanism to be advanced step by step under the iniiuence of a spring-actuated drum 50, connected to 4the machine-frameby means of a cord or chain 5l. frame in bearings fixed tothe rack-bar 47, and it contains a coiled spring which is wound under tension by a key 53, having fixed to it a ratchet-wheel 54, adapted to be engaged by a double-ended pawl 55, pivoted adjacent to the wheel. The pawl, through its engagement with the ratchet-wheel, holds one end of the spring,which is secured to the key, While the the other end of the spring is fixed to the drum, and as a result of this arrangement the spring tends to turn the drum and through its connection with the carriage tends constantly to pull the same laterally. The cord is extended from the drum around pulleys 56 and 57, mounted in bearings on opposite sides of standards 34, whence it extends transversely and is connected at its end with the ring-frame, as at 576; The tension of the spring may be adjusted by turning the winding-key or releasing the ratchet-Wheel by the double-ended pawl, which acts as an escapement. It will be noted from this description that the drum and its actuating mechanism are not attached to the writing mechanism, but are carried bythe secondary frame. This is of advantage in that the mechanism is relieved of the weight of these parts, and its step-by-step movement is consequently effected without undue jar or violent action.

The rocking of the feed-pawl 46 to effect the lateral movement of the writing mechanism is accomplished automatically, as usual, by the operation of the key-levers, which are arranged in such manner that the depression of any one of them will actuate a bailor frame 58, extending beneath the levers and having its two arms fixed to the rockingl bar, as at 59. This frame is acted on from The drum is mounted on the secondary beneath by spiral springs 60, seated in vertical tubes 61, rising from the ring-frame and slotted to permit the depression ofthe frame, as shown in Fig. 6.

The key-levers 3l are arranged at the front of the machine in arectangular group in two main banks differing as to the points at which they are pivoted and two secondary banks differing as to the height of the keys.

The levers of the lower bank are pivoted about midway between their ends in slots formed in vertical posts or standards 62, having on their lower ends pins 63, seated in sockets in a forwardly-extending curved plate 63, fixed to the front edge of the ring-frame, and the levers extend rearward and terminate around the inner edge of the ring-frame at its front, where they are pivoted to the -upper ends of vertical links 64, connected at their lower ends to the type-bars, as more fully described hereinafter. The levers of the second bank are pivoted in slots in vertical standards or posts 65, having on their lower ends pins seated in sockets in a curved plate 66, extending above the ring-frame at its center, and sustained at its ends by standards 67, rising therefrom. These levers extend rearward and terminate at the inner edge of the ring-frame at its rear, Where they are connected in a manner similar to the iirst-named levers to the upper ends of vertical links, having their lower ends pivoted to the typebars. As shown in Fig. 2, the pins on the slotted posts are held in their sockets by setscrews 67, and by this means the axis ot the levers may be raised or lowered to compensate for wear and to provide for other conditions encountered in practice. The lower bank of levers rests upon the front horizontal portion of the pivoted frame 5S, while the upper bankrests upon a horizontal elevated bar 68a, fixed between the ends of two vertical plates 69, extending upward from the bail a slight distance in rear of its front portion, the result of this arrangement being that when any one of the keys is depressed it will impart a corresponding movement to the pivoted frame and through its connection with rocking pawl 46 will permit the writin g mechanism to advance one step.

The spacing-key is represented at 69 and consists of a horizontal long key extending in front of the type-keys and connected to two parallel bars 70, which extend rearward and are pivoted to the front of the ring-frame, as shown in Fig. l. These parallel bars are each provided with a vertical linger 7l, having on their upper ends hooks engaging over the upper edge of the pivoted frame 58, so

that when the space-key is depressed the pivoted frame will receive a corresponding movement and through its connection with the pawl allow the writing mechanism to advance.

The type-bars before alluded to are arranged vertically in a circle within the ringframe, as plainly shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and

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brackets 72, having their upper ends bolted or otherwise firmly secured to the under side of the ring-frame. The levers are extended downward and outward beyond their pivots and have their extreme lower ends pivoted to the lower ends of the vertical links, as before described. The type-bars are retained yieldingly in a vertical position by means of spiral springs 73, connected at their upper ends to the links about midway of their length and at their lower ends to an annular frame 74, surrounding the lower ends of the type-bars and connected to the lower ends of depending posts 74, which latterl are fixed at their upper ends to the under side of the ringframe, as plainly shown in Fig. 5. By the depression of the key-levers the type-bars will, through the connections described, be turned on their pivots and Will strike downward through the open frame at a common point, an inking-ribbon 74S being arranged to pass under the descending,r type in position to be struck thereby and pressed into contact with the book or sheet. This ribbon extends longitudinally of the machine, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and is wound at its ends on two drums 75, fixed to the center of two horizontal shafts 76 and 77, located on the under side of the ring-frame at its front and rear, respectively, and mounted in suitable bearings 78, fixed to the ring-frame. This ribbon is arranged to be wound on its spools automatically as the writing mechanism is advanced transversely by the manipulation of the finger-keys, and its movement is effected by a horizontal longitudinally-extending shaft 79, located at one side of the mechanism and mounted in bearings 80, fixed to the under side of the ring-frame. At its rear end the shaft is provided with a spur-pinion 81 in position to engage a fixed rack 82, formed on the lower edge of the rack-bar 47, before described. This shaft is provided at points in line with the two shafts 76 and 77 with right and left hand screw-threads or worms 83, adapted to engage and drive in opposite directions two worm-wheels S4 and 85, having hubs mounted loosely on the ends of the two ribbon-shafts, the said hubs having their edges toothed and adapted to be clutched alternately to two toothed clutch-blocks 86 and 87, splined to the shafts adjacent to the wormwheels and arranged to be moved longitudinally on the splines relatively to the shafts to engage or disengage the worm-wheels. As shown in Fig. 5, the clutch-block 87 is in engagement with its worm-Wheel, and the shaft 79 being rotated through its pinion 8l by the advance of the writing mechanism will turn its worm-wheel andimpart movement through the clutch -block to the ribbon-shaft and move the ribbon in the direction indicated by the arrow. In order to reverse the movement of the ribbon when it has been unwound from its spool and so that it may be wound on the other spool, clutch-block 87 is disengaged from its worm-wheel and the other clutch-block engaged with its worm-wheel, the result being that the latter will receive a reverse rotation from the shaft and will impart the same to t-he ribbon-shaft and move the ribbon inthe opposite direction. The clutch-blocks are acted on bv spiral springs 90 and 91, encircling the shafts and bearing at their ends against the bearings 78 and against theclutch-blocks, and they tend to hold the blocks normally in engagement with their Worms. To eect the alternate engagement and disengagement of the clutch-blocks, I provide a clutch-lever 92, which is pivoted on a vertical axis to the under side of the ring-frame, as at 93, and which has its ends forked and extended in peripheral grooves formed in the clutch blocks. This lever has pivoted to it, near its forward end, an operating-rod 94C, which latter extends laterally through the side of the ringframe and is acted on by a spring 95, fixed to the frame and tending to force the lever laterally against a plate 96, containing a tooth 97, adapted to enter notches in the lever and lock the same in position. In operating the clutch lever to cause the engagement of clutch-block 8G with its worm-Wheel the lever is drawn outward to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 5 and locked by the pin 97, entering one of the notches. To reverse the action of the ribbon, the lever is pushed laterally, so as to disengage the pin from its notch, and then pushed inward, rocking the clutch-lever on its axis,disen gagin g the clutchblock 86 and engaging clutch-block 87, with its worm, the result being that the ribbon will be moved in the opposite direction.

In order that when the writing mechanism is turned upward on its guide-rod 33 to expose the writing the rack-bar and connected parts may be moved with it, I fix to the rear edge of the ring-frame a rearwardly-extending finger 99, having a vertical lip 100 fixed to it and extending forward overa ledge 10], projecting from the rear side of the rack-bar. This lip not only insures the movement of all the parts together, as described, but assists in guiding the mechanism transversely along the guide-rod 33.

The writing mechanism is provided with the usual scales 102 and 103, the former being applied to the rack-bar and the latter applied to a plate extending transversely between the two longitudinal bars of the baseframe and connected to the longitudinallymoving transverse frame by means of a plate 106, as shown in Fig. 1.

In order to support the page being written upon, so that it will present a smooth and firm surface, I propose to employ a platen 110, comprising a fiat metallic plate having applied to one side a sheet of rubber or other yielding material. This platen is slipped beneath the sheet being written upon and when filled it is removed and placed beneath the next page.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, I claim- IOS IOS

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l. The combination with a main support, of two horizontal supporting-leaves for the book-covers, connected together to move vertically in opposite directions only, means for clamping said leaves fiXedly with respect to the main support and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

2. The combination with a main support, of two horizontal supporting-leaves for the book-covers situated above the support and sustained thereby tojrock freely independently on longitudinal axes, and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

3. The combination with a main support, of two horizontal supporting-leaves for the book-covers connected together above the main support, and arranged to move vertically in opposite directions only, and also freely independently on longitudinal central axes, means for fixing said leaves against vertical movement and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

4. The combination with a main support, of a rocking arm pivoted thereto between its ends, supporting-leaves for the book-covers, sustained by said arm at its opposite ends whereby they are adapted to move vertically in opposite directions, means for holding the leaves in fixed relations and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

5. The combination with a main support, of two parallel arms pivoted midway between their ends thereto, supporting-leaves for the book-covers, sustained at the ends of said arms and movable freely independently on longitudinal axes, means for holding the leaves in fixed relations, and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

6. The combination with a main support provided with vertical guiding-openings, of individual supports for the book-covers sustained above the main support, and movable vertically, depending plates carried by said individual supports and extending through the guiding-openings, clamping devices sustained by the main support and acting on the depending plate and an overlying downwardly-acting writin g mechanism.

7. The combination with a main support, having guiding-openings, of individual supports for the book-covers, depending plates fixed to the under side of the leaves and extending in the guiding-openings, clampingscrews extending longitudinally in the main support and arranged to abut at their ends against the plates and an overlying down-r wardly-acting Writing mechanism.

S. The combination with a main support, of two standards or bearings thereon, a central longitudinal shaft mounted in said bearings, two arms pivoted between their ends on the shaft, two supporting-leaves for the bookcovers having on their under sides longitudinal shafts journaled in the ends of said arms, and an overlying downwardly-acting writing mechanism.

9. The combination with the ring-frame, of the depending standards attached at their upper ends thereto, the vertical type-bars pivoted near their lower ends to the lower ends of the standards, horizontal key-levers above the type-bars, vertical links connecting the rear ends of the same directly with the lower ends of the type-bars, and means forholding the type-bars yieldingly in a vertical position.

lO. The combination with a Xed rack eX- tending in the line of movement of the writing mechanism, of a rotary drive-shaft '7 9 eX- tending transversely of the rack and mounted in bearings on the writing mechanism, a pinion on said shaft in engagement with the rack, two parallel shafts 76 and 77 mounted in bearings on the writing mechanism and adapted to be driven alternately by the driveshaft, ribbon-spools vfixed to said shafts, and clutch mechanisms for alternately connecting the drive-shaft with the two parallel shafts.

1l. The combination with the transverselymovable writing mechanism, of the longitudinal shaft mounted in bearings thereon and adapted to be rotated by the advance of the machine, right and left hand worms on said shaft, two transverse ribbon-shafts mounted in bearings on the frame in line with the worms, ribbon-spools on said shafts, wormwheels loosely mounted on the ends of the shafts and engaging the worms, clutch-blocks splined to the shafts, a clutch-lever engaging said blocks and arranged to move the same alternately in engagement with the wor-mwheels and means for operating said lever.

l2. The combination with the iiXed baseframe, provided with a longitudinallyextending rack, of a secondary frame movable longitudinally of said base-frame and sustaining a writing mechanism proper, a horizontal pinion carried by the secondary frame in position to engage the rack and formed with a series of openings, and an operatinglever for said pinion provided with a pi n adapted to enter said openings.

13. In atype-writing machine the combination with a ring-frame, of a series of depending brackets,typebars pivoted near their lower ends to said brackets, horizontal keylevers pivoted on the ring frame, vertical links connecting the ends of said levers with the ends of the type-bars, an annular frame or ring surrounding the lower ends of the type-bars and sustained by vertical standards depending from the ring-frame and springs connected to said annular frame and links and acting to hold the type-bars yieldingly in a vertical position.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand, this 18th day of November, 1895, in the presence of two attesting witnesses.

CRAWFORD ELLIOTT.

W'itnesses:

W. P. HATCH, AUGUST C. NANz.

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