US61082A - Isaac m - Google Patents

Description

PATENTE!) JAN. 8, 1867.

` I. M. MILBANK. BRBBCH LOADING PIREARM.

ISAAC M. MILBANK, OF GREEN FIELD HILL, CONNECTICUT.

Lettera Patent No. 61,082, dated January 8, 1867.

IMPROVEMBNT'IN Basson-LOADING marinus;

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN.:

Beit known that I, ISAAC M. MILBANK, of Greenfield Hill, in the county of Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain'new-nnd useful Improvements in Breach-Loading Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of thedsame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a portion of .this specification, in whichr i Figure I- is a plan or top view of a fire-arm, constructed according to my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. I

Figure 3 is a detached view of u portion of the same. y

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

This invention is designed, more especially, for the conversion of or'dinary muzzle-loading muskets into breech-loaders, and it consists in a movable locking bolt, placed perpendicularly in the rearmost end of the breech-block, and operating in such relation with the rear end or recoil bearing of the breechreceiver, as to securely'lock the breech-block against the recoil of the chargein firing. The invention further consists in a novel construction of the head or upper end of thc aforesaid locking bolt, whereby the blow of the hammer may be very' conveniently transmitted to the firing-pin without necessitating any material change in the hammer, as usually constructed for muzzle-loading arms; and, furthermore, the invention consists in a novel means of giving a spiral or twisting motion' to the locking bolt in withdrawing the same to unlock the breech-block, whereby the "'cperaticwo'anelosingtheibreeeh-isgreatly facilitated.

To enable others to understand the construction and operation of my invention, I will proceed to describe it, with reference to the drawings.

A represents the stock of the arm',- and B thebarrel thereof, the said barrel having a'breech-pin, a, screwed into its rear-most end, in the manner common to muzzle-loading lire-arms, and attached to the stock by a screw, a. The rearmost portion of the barrel, in front of the breech-piu a, is hollowed out or cut away at its upper side, in order l.that `a breech-receiver may be -formed therein, inwhich the breech-block C is placed, as shown in iig. 2. The forward upper edge or corner -of the breech-block Gis pivoted to the upper side of the barrel by@ transverse pivot, c, which is supported by a band, E, which passes around and underneath the ba`rrel in such manner that the said breech-block may be turned upward, around the said pivot `c,`into the position shown in red outline in iig. 2, in order to open or unclose thev breech of the arm wheny desired. The greuteg portion of the rearmost end of the breech-receiver is formed on the arc of a circle concentric with the pivot c, asshown at d, and the rear end'of the breech-block C is made of corresponding shape, so as to properly t the saniewhen the breechis closed. Formed in the rearmost end of the breech-block is a cylindrical slot, e, which is situated perpendicular to the upper and lower sides of the breech-block. The lower part of the rearmost end of the l breech-receiver is recessed or hollowed out, so that a bearing, f, is formed, which is so situated that when the breech is closed the saidv bearing will form a continuation of the rearmost side of the cylindrical slot e, in the breech-block C, this bearing being, of course, perpendicular to the bottom of the breech receiver, as shown in lig. 2. Placed within the slot e is a cylindrical lockingbolD, in one side of i which is formed a short spiral groove, into which projects the inner end of a small set-screw or xed pin, h, which is xed in the real-most end of. the breech-block, as shown in iig. 2. The head or upper end of this locking bolt, D, is extended laterally, as shown at D in g. 1, being thus situated between the hammer F and the firing-pin z' in such manner that when the hammer descends it will strike the rearmost side of the said head, and force the forward side thereof against `the rear cnd of the firing-pin z', which works in a suitable slot or receptacle formed in the breech-block with sucient forc'c to drive the said piu forward to ignite the charge, the bolt turning' slightly to allow of this action uponthc tiring-pin, the innermost end oi' the set-screw 7L being *narrower than thc spiral groove g, in order to I admit of this turning of the locking bolt. The head D is furnished with a laterally projecting knob or handle,

l, by which the locking bolt is operated in unlocking the breech, as will be hereinafter explained. In closing the breech, t'ho brooch-block C is turned down into the breech-receiver, as shown in lig. 2, and the locking bolt D is pushed downward, until its lower cnd is Vfitted in front of the bearing f, and, inasmuch as when in this position the lower cud of the said locking bolt extends beyond the arc'of a. circle described by the rear end of' thcrhrcechblock, and also hy the rear cnd of the brecchreceiver, it follows that the said bolt, by bearing against the benringj; securely locks the breech-block against the recoil of the charge, Aand prevents it from being thrown upward or out of place thereby. In opening the breech, the locking bol*l iswforced upward with the hand by means of the knob or handle b5 and is thus withdrawn from the bearing f, such withdrawal being`fncilitated by the spiral or twisting motion communicated to the said bolt by the set-screwh acting in the groove g, as hereinbefore explained. The breech-piece being thus unlocked, is turned upward into the position shown in red lines in iig, 2, and the cartridge is inserted into the rear end of therbarrel thus unolosed, which being done, the breechblock is brought'back to its place and locked therein, as just hereinbefore set forth. The charge may then be tired by the striking of the hammer F upon the laterally extending head D of the locking bolt Dand the consequent forward movement of the firing-pin z'. By these means the breech-block is securely locked against the explosion of the charge, and may, at the same time, be very conveniently-operated to open the breech'when desired; and, furthermore, no essential change in the form or construction of the hammer, as ordinarily used in muzzle-loading lire-arms,- is required.

What I claimasnew, and desire to seeure by Letters'Patent, is- The spirally-grooved locking bolt D, operating in combination with the fixed screw z, and pivoted breech block c, on the r'ear of the breech-receiver, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. 4 I. M. MILBANK.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. REED, L. HoLMEs,'Jr.

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