US6075390A

US6075390A - Key interface circuit with reduced number of input terminals

Info

Publication number: US6075390A
Application number: US09/069,941
Authority: US
Inventors: Yasuhiro Shin; Teruyuki Fujii
Original assignee: Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lapis Semiconductor Co Ltd
Priority date: 1997-05-21
Filing date: 1998-04-30
Publication date: 2000-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2018-04-30
Also published as: JP3390325B2; JPH10320100A

Abstract

A static key interface circuit has an input terminal coupled to N key switches, where N is an integer greater than one. The N key switches are biased at different potentials, which are supplied to the input terminal when the key switches are closed. A multilevel detector in the key interface circuit detects the potential of the input terminal and generates corresponding result data. A dynamic key interface circuit has an input terminal coupled to P rows of N key switches each and scans the P rows in turn, using a similar multilevel detector. The multilevel detector increases the number of key switches connectable to a single input terminal by a factor of N.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a key interface circuit, more particularly to a key interface circuit with a reduced number of input terminals.

Keyboards and keypads are in widespread use in electronic apparatus. Each key on a keyboard or keypad operates a key switch, which closes when the key is depressed. The function of a key interface circuit, which is commonly packaged as a single integrated circuit, is to sense the closing of the key switches and generate corresponding output data signals.

Conventional key interface circuits are of the static type and dynamic type. A conventional static key interface circuit has a separate input terminal coupled to each key switch. When the key switch is open, the input terminal is biased through a resistor to a first potential, such as the power-supply potential. When the key switch is closed, the input terminal is connected through the key switch to a second potential, such as the ground potential. This arrangement produces an input signal that can be directly latched and supplied to other circuits that process the key input data.

A conventional dynamic key interface circuit operates in a generally similar mariner, but places the key switches at the nodes of a row-column matrix, connects each column of key switches to a single input terminal of the key interface circuit, and scans the key matrix by driving one row at a time to the second potential.

With a static key interface circuit, there is the problem that the number of input terminals is equal to the number of keys, which may be large. Simply to accommodate the input terminals, the key interface circuit may require a large circuit package, taking up an inconveniently large amount of space. In some cases, two or more key interface circuits may be needed to provide input terminals for all of the key switches. There is also the problem of the large amount of wiring needed to connect each key switch separately to the key interface circuit.

With a dynamic key interface circuit, the number of input terminals and the amount of wiring is reduced, but the key matrix must be scanned at a rapid rate. The scanning pulses become a source of electromagnetic interference to nearby devices such as radio receivers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to increase the number of key switches that can be connected to a single input terminal of a key interface circuit.

The inventive key interface circuit is coupled to at least N key switches, where N is an integer greater than one. Each key switch has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminals of the N key switches are biased at different potentials. The key interface circuit comprises an input terminal coupled in common to the second terminals of all N key switches and a multilevel detector that detects the potential of the input terminal and generates corresponding result data.

A single input terminal of the key interface circuit may be coupled to P rows of N key switches each, where P is also an integer greater than one. In this case, the first terminals of the N key switches in each row are biased at different potentials when a first potential is supplied to the row, and are identically biased when a second potential is supplied to the row. The key interface circuit has a multilevel detector that detects the potential of the input terminal and generates corresponding result data, a row driver that supplies the first and second potentials selectively to the P rows, and a timing generator that generates timing signals by which the row driver is controlled.

Compared with a conventional static or dynamic key interface circuit, the inventive key interface circuit increases the number of key switches connectable to a single input terminal by a factor of N.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the attached drawings:

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a more detailed circuit diagram of one of the multilevel detectors in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a chart illustrating the operation of the comparators in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating the operation of the decoder in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a chart summarizing the operation of the multilevel detector in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional static key interface circuit;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 9 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the second embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the attached exemplary drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a key switch panel 1, which is coupled to a biasing circuit 2 and a static key interface circuit 3. The static key interface circuit 3 is a first embodiment of the present invention.

The key interface circuit 3 has m input terminals I₁ to I_m, where m is an arbitrary positive integer. Each input terminal I_i (1≦i≦m) is coupled to the first terminals (the right-hand terminals in the drawing) of three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3. The second terminals of key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 (the left-hand terminals in the drawing) are connected to nodes N_i1, N_i2, and N_i3 in the biasing circuit 2, and are biased at different potentials.

The biasing circuit 2 comprises three times m (3 m) bias resistors, designated R₁₁ to R_m3 in the drawing. Each three bias resistors R_i1, R_i2, and R_i3 are coupled in series between a power-supply node (V_DD) and a ground node (GND), forming a resistor ladder SR_i that generates three potentials V₁, V₂, and V₃ at respective nodes N_i1, N_i2, and N_i3. Node N_i1 is disposed between resistors R_i1 and R_i2, node N_i2 between resistors R_i2 and R_i3, and node N_i3 between resistor R_i3 and ground. All of the bias resistors R₁₁ to R_m3 have equal resistance values, so V₃ is equal to the ground potential or zero volts, V₂ is equal to (1/3)V_DD, and V₁ is equal to (2/3)V_DD.

In the key interface circuit 3, the input terminals I_i are coupled through respective pull-nip resistors RP_i to the power-supply potential V_DD, and are also coupled to respective multilevel detectors MD_i (1≦i≦m). The key interface circuit 3 further comprises a latch circuit 7 that receives result data generated by the multilevel detectors MD_i, and a timing generator 8 that controls the latch circuit 7.

The multilevel detectors MD_i (1≦i≦m) have the internal structure shown in FIG. 2. Input node IM_i is coupled to input terminal I_i of the key interface circuit 3, and to the inverting input terminals of three comparators C₁, C₂, and C₃, which constitute a comparing circuit. Resistors R_A, R_B, R_C, and R_D are connected in series between the power-supply potential V_DD and ground to form a resistor ladder SRM_i that generates potentials V_A, V_B, and V_C at nodes N_A, N_B, and N_C, which are coupled to the non-inverting input terminals of respective comparators C₁, C₂, and C₃. The output terminals of comparators C₁, C₂, and C₃ are coupled to respective input terminals ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ of a decoder (DEC). The decoder has three output terminals QD₁, QD₂, and QD₃, which are coupled to corresponding output nodes S_i1, S_i2, and S_i3 of the multilevel detector MD_i.

Each comparator C_j (1≦j≦3) produces a result signal with high and low levels. The high level (equal to V_DD) is produced when the potential at the non-inverting input terminal is higher than the potential at the inverting input terminal. The low level (ground) is produced when the potential at the non-inverting input terminal is lower than the potential at the inverting input terminal. The decoder (DEC) decodes these result signals, which are received at input terminals ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃, to generate three bits of result data (QD₁, QD₂, and QD₃), among which at most one bit is high.

The resistance values of resistors R_A, R_B, R_C and R_D must be set so that the potentials generated by resistor ladder SRM_i are related to the potentials generated in the resistor ladder SR_i in the biasing circuit 2 as follows.

V.sub.DD >V.sub.A >V.sub.1 >V.sub.B >V.sub.2 >V.sub.C >V.sub.3 =GND

For example, R_A and R_D may have equal resistance values, and R_B and R_C may both have twice this resistance value.

When key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 are all open, input terminal I_i of the key interface circuit 3 and input node IM_i of multilevel detector MD_i are pulled up to the power-supply potential V_DD through pull-up resistor RP_i. When one of the three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 is closed, input terminals I_i and IM_i are at a potential substantially equal to one of the potentials V₁, V₂, and V₃. Because of the relationship given above, the comparing circuit comprising the three comparators C₁, C₂, and C₃ operates as indicated in FIG. 3, in which the letters H (high) and L (low) indicate the levels of the result signals output by comparators C₁, C₂, and C₃ and received at input terminals ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ of the decoder. Specifically, if the potential of the input terminal I_i of the key interface circuit 3 is V_DD, then ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ are all low; if the potential of input terminal I_i is V₁, then ID₁ is high; if the potential of input terminal I_i is V₂, then ID₁ and ID₂ are high; and if the potential of input terminal I_i is V₃, then ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ are all high.

FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of the decoder (DEC) on these four sets of result signals. Reading FIG. 4 from bottom to top, when all three result inputs ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ are high, result bit QD₃ is high. When only ID₁ and ID₂ are high, result bit QD₂ is high. When only ID₁ is high, result bit QD₁ is high. When all three result inputs ID₁, ID₂, and ID₃ are low, all three bits of result data QD₁, QD₂, and QD₃ are low.

FIG. 5 illustrates the operation of the multilevel detector MD_i as a whole, indicating the four input potentials V_DD, V₁, V₂, and V₃, the intervals in which these potentials must be located, and the corresponding result data output at nodes S_i1, S_i2, and S_i3, which are the same as the result data QD₁, QD₂, and QD₃ in FIG. 4. The multilevel detector MD_i divides the range from ground to V_DD into four intervals, delimited at points V_A, V_B, and V_C, detects the interval in which the potential of the input terminal I_i is disposed, and generates result data identifying the interval.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the latch circuit 7 has three times m (3m) data input terminals, designated D₁₁ to D_m3, a latch pulse input terminal L, and three times m output terminals, designated Q₁₁ to Q_m3. Data input terminal D_ij is connected to output node S_ij of multilevel detector MD_i (1≦i≦m, 1≦j≦3). The latch circuit 7 is triggered by rising transitions of the latch pulse signal LA input at terminal L. At each rising transition of LA, the levels of all of the data inputs D_ij are latched internally, and the latched levels are output at the corresponding data output terminals Q_ij until the next rising transition of LA.

The latch pulse signal LA is generated by the timing generator 8, and alternates between the high and low levels at regular intervals.

Each multilevel detector MD_i can detect the closed state of one of the three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 at a time. If two or more of these three key switches are closed simultaneously, only one will be detected as being closed. If K_i1 and K_i2 are closed simultaneously, then either S_i1 or S_i2 will go high, depending on the exact resistance values of the resistors in the resistor ladders SR_i and SRM_i and the pull-up resistor RP_i. If K_i3 and one or both of K_i1 and K_i2 are closed simultaneously, input terminal I_i will be grounded, so S_i3 will go high.

An example of the operation of the key interface circuit 3 when key switches K_i1, K_i3, and K_i2 are successively closed and opened will be described next.

FIG. 6 shows the waveform of the latch pulse signal LA, with rising transitions marked from t₁ to t₇. FIG. 6 also indicates, from top to bottom, the open (OFF) and closed (ON) states of key switches K_i1, K_i3, and K_i2, the resulting potential at input terminal I_i (a potential from V_DD to V₃), the result data (S_i1, S_i2, S_i3) generated by multilevel detector MD_i, and the corresponding latch output data (Q_i1, Q_i2, Q_i3) provided by the key interface circuit.

Around time t₁, all three key switches K_i1, K_i3, and K_i2 are open, so the input terminal I_i is pulled up to V_DD through pull-up resistor RP_i, and the result data and latch output data are all low.

Key switch K_i1 is closed at a time between t₁ and t₂, and opened at a time between t₂ and t₃. During this interval, the input potential is V₁, and result bit S_i1 goes high. This high result bit is latched by the latch circuit 7 at time t₂, causing the corresponding latch output bit Q_i1 to go high from time t₂ to time t₃.

At time t₃, all three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 are again open, so all three result bits S_i1, S_i2, and S_i3 are low. All three latch output bits Q_i1, Q_i2, and Q_i3 are therefore low from time t₃ to time t₄.

Key switch K_i3 is closed at; a time between t₃ and t₄, and opened at a time between t₄ and t₅. During this interval, the input potential is V₃, and result bit S_i3 goes high. This high result bit is latched at time t₄, causing latch output bit Q_i3 to go high from time t₄ to time t₅.

At time t₅, all three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 are once again open, so the three result hits S_i1, S_i2, and S_i3 are again low. The three latch output bits Q_i1, Q_i2, and Q_i3 are low from time t₅ to time t₆.

Key switch K_i2 is closed just before time t₆, and opened at a time between t₆ and t₇. During this interval, the input potential is V₂, and result bit S_i2 goes high. This high result bit is latched at time t₆, causing latch output, bit Q_i2 to go high from time t₆ to time t₇.

At time t₇, all three key switches K_i1, K_i2, and K_i3 are open and the three result bits S_i1, S_i2, and S_i3 are all low, so once again the three latch output bits Q_i1, Q_i2, and Q_i3 are all low.

Operations similar to those shown in FIG. 6 can be carried out by each of the m multilevel detectors simultaneously and independently. The m multilevel detectors can thus detect the closed states of tip to m key switches simultaneously, provided no two of these m key switches are coupled to the same multilevel detector. At each rising transition of the latch pulse signal LA, result data representing the states of all of the key switches K_i1 to K_m3 are latched in the latch circuit 7. Latch output data for all of the key switches are thus output in synchronization with the latch pulse signal LA.

The data latched in the latch circuit 7 can be output From the key interface circuit 3 in parallel form, or in serial form. Parallel output requires three times m (3 m) output, terminals, whereas serial output requires only one output terminal. Hybrid parallel-serial output schemes can also be used.

For comparison, FIG. 7 shows a plurality of key switches 11 connected to a conventional static key interface circuit 13 with m input terminals I₁ to I_m. The conventional static key interface circuit 13 comprises m pull-up resistors RP₁ to RP_m, a latch circuit 17 with m data input terminals D₁ to D_m connected directly to the input terminals I₁ to I_m and pull-up resistors RP₁ to RP_m, and a timing generator 18 that generates a latch pulse signal LA for the latch circuit 17. The first terminals of the key switches K₁ to K_m are grounded. The second terminals of the key switches K₁ to K_m are coupled to respective input terminals I₁ to I_m. Only m key switches can be accommodated.

A comparison of FIGS. 1 and 7 shows that the first embodiment increases, by a factor of three, the number of key switches that can be connected to a static key interface circuit with a given number of input terminals. The latch pulse signal LA in the first embodiment is internal to the key interface circuit 3, and does not generate significant electromagnetic interference. The biasing circuit 2 is static in operation, and does not generate any electromagnetic interference. The first embodiment is particularly advantageous in devices, such as certain types of car audio equipment and measuring instruments, that are sensitive to electromagnetic interference and have too many key switches to be accommodated by a conventional static key interface circuit.

FIG. 8 shows a plurality of key switches connected to a dynamic key interface circuit 20, which is a second embodiment of the invention. The dynamic key interface circuit 20 also has m input terminals I₁ to I_m, but each input terminal is now connected to a matrix of key switches having three columns and p rows, where p is an integer greater than one. Collectively, the m input terminals are connected to a key switch matrix having three times m (3 m) columns and p rows. In the drawing, the rows are vertical and the columns horizontal. The rows are numbered from 1-1 to 1-p. The key switches are designated K_ij-k, where i and j denote the column, and k denotes the row. Thus 1≦i≦m and 1≦j≦3, as in the first embodiment, and 1≦k≦p.

Each row of key switches 1-k is coupled to a biasing circuit 2-k (1≦k≦p). Each biasing circuit 2-k is similar to the biasing circuit 2 in the first embodiment, comprising resistors R_ij-k connected to form resistor ladders SR_i-k with ladder SR_i-k with nodes N_ij-k (1≦i≦m, 1≦j≦3), except that instead of being coupled between the power-supply potential V_DD and ground, each resistor ladder SR_i-k is coupled between V_DD and an output terminal RW_k of the key interface circuit 20. When this output terminal RW_k is driven to the low (ground) level, biasing circuit 2-k operates as in the first embodiment, biasing nodes N_i1-k, N_i2-k, and N_i3-k to potentials V₁, V₂, and V₃. When output terminal RW_k is driven to the high (V_DD) level, all nodes N_ij-k in row 1-k are identically biased at the V_DD level.

The key interface circuit 20 comprises pull-up resistors RP₁ to RP_m, multilevel detectors MD₁ to MD_m, and a latch circuit 7, which are identical to the corresponding elements in the first embodiment. The key interface circuit 20 also comprises a row driver 21, p sub-latch circuits 22-1 to 22-p, and a timing generator 23, which differs from the timing generator 8 in the first embodiment.

The row driver 21 has input terminals IT₁ to IT_p that receive row driving pulse signals TR₁ to TR_p from the timing generator 23, and output terminals QT₁ to QT_p that drive the above-mentioned output terminals RW₁ to RW_p of the key interface circuit 20. Each output terminal QT_k is driven high or low according to whether the corresponding row driving pulse signal TR_k is high or low.

Each sub-latch circuit 22-k is identical to the latch circuit 7, with data input terminals D_ij-k coupled to the corresponding data output terminals Q_ij of the latch circuit 7. The data output terminals Q_ij-k of the sub-latch circuits 22-k can be coupled to data output terminals (not visible) of the key interface circuit 20 in various ways, detailed descriptions of which will be omitted so as not to obscure the invention with irrelevant detail.

The timing generator 23 generates a latch pulse signal LA for the latch circuit 7, generates the row driving pulse signals TR₁ to TR_p for the row driver 21, and generates sub-latch pulse signals T₁ to T_p for the sub-latch circuits 22-1 to 22-p.

The operation of this dynamic key interface circuit 20 will be explained with reference to FIG. 9, taking as an example a case in which key switch K_i2-1 is closed, then opened, after which key switch K_i1-p is closed, then opened, as indicated at the top of FIG. 9. Other key switches connected to input terminal I_i are assumed to be open.

Each of the row driving pulse signals TR₁ to TR_p is normally high. The timing generator 23 generates low row driving pulses in a cyclic sequence from TR₁ to TR_p. That is, first TR₁ is driven low; then TR₁ is driven high and TR₂ is driven low; then TR₂ is driven high and TR₃ is driven low, and so on. The row driver 21 generates similar row scanning signals at output terminals RW_k (1≦k≦p). The interval during which RW_k is low is the scanning interval of row 1-k. FIG. 9 shows the waveforms at RW₁ and RW_p.

At the end of each scanning interval of row 1-k, the timing generator 23 drives the corresponding sub-latch pulse signal T_k briefly high. FIG. 9 shows the waveforms of sub-latch pulse signals T₁ and T_p.

The latch pulse signal LA must go high at least once during each row scanning interval. As FIG. 9 indicates, LA may go high more than once during each row scanning interval.

In FIG. 9, the first row of key switches is first scanned by driving RW₁ low from time t₁ to time t₂. During this scanning interval, key switch K_i2-1 is closed, so the potential at input terminal I_i is V₂, and result bit S_i2 is high. This high result is latched by the Latch circuit 7 at the first rising transition of LA during the scanning interval. The corresponding high output bit Q_i2 of the latch circuit 7 is latched by sub-latch circuit 22-1 when sub-latch pulse signal T₁ goes high at the end of the scanning interval. The corresponding sub-latch output bit Q_i2-1 goes high at this time.

During the next scanning interval of the first row, from time t₃ to time t₄, key switch K_i2-1 is open, the potential at input terminal I_i is V_DD, the result signal S_i2 is low, and the corresponding latch output bit Q_i2 is low. The low Q_i2 level is latched by sub-latch circuit 22-1 when sub-latch pulse signal T₁ goes high again just before time t₄, causing the corresponding sub-latch output bit Q_i2-1 to return to the low level.

The p-th row is scanned in the same way from time t₅ to t₆, and again from time t₇ to time t₈. During the first of these scanning intervals, key switch K_i1-p is closed, producing a potential of V₁ at input terminal I_i, causing result bit S_i1 and latch output bit Q_i2 to go high, and causing sub-latch output bit Q_i1-p to go high in response to the sub-latch pulse T_p just before time t₆. During the next scanning interval (t₇ to t₈), key switch K_i1-p is open, the potential of input terminal I_i is V_DD, S_i1 and Q_i1 are low, and sub-latch output bit Q_i1-p returns to the low level at the sub-latch pulse T_p just before time t₈.

The second embodiment increases the number of key switches that can be connected to a single key interface circuit by a factor of three times p, as compared with the conventional static key interface circuit shown in FIG. 7, and by a factor of three as compared with a conventional dynamic key interface circuit (not shown). The second embodiment is useful in apparatus having a very large number of key switches, provided the electromagnetic interference created by the row scanning signals output from terminals RW₁ to RW_p can be tolerated.

The embodiments described above detect three input potentials V₁, V₂ and V₃, in addition to the power-supply potential V_DD, permitting three key switches to be connected to each input terminal I_i in the first embodiment and three key switches per row to be connected to each input terminal I_i in the second embodiment. In general, N key switches, or N key switches per row, may be connected to each input terminal I_i, where N is any integer greater than one, provided the first terminals of these N key switches can be biased at N different potentials.

Although the embodiments above have a plurality of input terminals I_i, the invention may be practiced in a key interface circuit with a single input terminal.

Various other modifications are possible in the embodiments above. The pull-up resistors can be replaced with pull-down resistors, for example, if the first terminals of the key switches are biased to V_DD, V₁, and V₂ instead of V₁, V₂, and V₃. In the second embodiment, the latch circuit 7 can be eliminated, and the result data S_ij can be supplied directly to the sub-latch circuits. Alternatively, the sub-latch circuits can be eliminated, and the latch output data of the latch circuit 7 can be used directly as the output data of the key interface circuit, preferably with just one latch pulse LA per scanning interval.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that further variations are possible within the scope of the invention as claimed below.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A key interface circuit coupled to N key switches, where N is an integer greater than one, the key switches having respective first terminals and second terminals, the first terminals of the N key switches being biased at different potentials, comprising:

an input terminal coupled in common to the second terminals of the N key switches;

a multilevel detector coupled to said input terminal, for detecting a potential of said input terminal and generating corresponding result data;

a latch circuit coupled to said multilevel detector, for latching said result data, responsive to a latch pulse signal; and

a timing generator coupled to said latch circuit, for generating said latch pulse signal.

2. The key interface circuit of claim 1, further comprising a biasing element coupled to said input terminal, for biasing said input terminal to a fixed potential different from the potentials of the first terminals of said N key switches, when said N key switches are all open.

3. The key interface circuit of claim 2, wherein said biasing element comprises a pull-up resistor through which said input terminal is coupled to a power-supply potential.

4. The key interface circuit of claim 2, wherein said biasing element comprises a pull-down resistor through which said input terminal is coupled to a ground potential.

5. The key interface circuit of claim 1, wherein said multilevel detector comprises:

a reference potential generator for generating a plurality of different reference potentials;

a comparing circuit, coupled to said reference potential generator, for comparing the potential of said input terminal with said different reference potentials and generating respective result signals; and

a decoder, coupled to said comparing circuit, for decoding said result signals, thereby generating said result data.

6. The key interface circuit of claim 5, wherein said reference potential generator comprises a first resistor ladder.

7. The key interface circuit of claim 1, wherein the first terminals of said N key switches are biased by a resistor ladder.

8. A key interface circuit coupled to a matrix of key switches having N columns and P rows, where N and P are both integers greater than one, the key switches having respective first terminals and second terminals, the first terminals of the N key switches in each row being biased at different potentials when a first potential is supplied to said row, and being identically biased when a second potential is supplied to said row, comprising:

an input terminal coupled in common to the second terminals of all of said key switches;

a row driver for supplying said first potential and said second potential selectively to each of said P rows, responsive to a timing signal; and

a timing generator coupled to said row driver, for generating said timing signal.

9. The key interface circuit of claim 8, further comprising:

a latch circuit, coupled to said multilevel detector, for latching said result data, responsive to a latch pulse signal, thereby generating latch output data; and

P sub-latch circuits, coupled to said latch circuit, for latching said latch output data, responsive to respective sub-latch pulse signals;

said latch pulse signal and said sub-latch pulse signals being generated by said timing generator.

10. The key interface circuit of claim 8, further comprising a biasing element coupled to said input terminal, for biasing said input terminal to a fixed potential different from the potentials of the first terminals of the N key switches in a row to which said row driver supplies said first potential, when said N key switches are all open.

11. The key interface circuit of claim 10, wherein said biasing element comprises a pull-up resistor through which said input terminal is coupled to a power-supply potential.

12. The key interface circuit of claim 10, wherein said biasing element comprises a pull-down resistor through which said input terminal is coupled to at ground potential.

13. The key interface circuit of claim 8, wherein said multilevel detector comprises:

14. The key interface circuit of claim 13, wherein said reference potential generator comprises a resistor ladder.

15. The key interface circuit of claim 8, wherein the first terminals of the N key switches in each said row are biased by a respective resistor ladder.