US592073A - atjriol - Google Patents

Description

. 2 SheetsSheet 1. P. AURIOL. GAS ENGINE.

(No Model.)

No. 592,073. Patented Oct. 19,1897.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. AURIOLL GAS ENGINE (No Model.)

Patented 001;. 19, 1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT PAUL AUBIOL', OF PARIS, FRANCE.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 592,073, dated October 19, 1897. Application filed April 17, 1896. Serial No. 587,950. (No model.) Patented in France September 19, 1895, No. 250,384.

To all whom it may cancer-r b.-

Be it known that I, PAUL AURIOL, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 23 Rue Godot de Mauroy, in'the city of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in France under No. 250,384, and dated September 19, 1895;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to a fourphase gas-engine, first, in which these four periods or actions-namely, charging, compressing, firing, and exhaustingare accomplished in a single revolution, and, second, the arrangementof the parts of the motor to attain the equilibrium of the motive forces and forces of inertia of the parts in motion,

.E. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the roller-path.

Fig. 6 shows a diagram of the roller-path which I employ for obtaining a greater expansion than is obtained in other motors. Fig. 7 shows a front view of the plate Gr; Fig. 8 shows in plan how the end of the cylinder A is provided with a notch to fit the rollerpath. Figs. 9 and 10 show side and front views of a wheel provided with my motor. Fig. 11 is a side view, with parts omitted and broken away, to show the form of the invention in which one roller-path is used; and Fig. 12 is a horizontal section on the line 12 12 of Fig. 11.

The motor is composed of a cylinder A, provided with journals a b, which are perpendicular to its axis and supported by the bear- .are f urnished with rollers D and D.

rollers may be mounted upon balls, as shown of the rollers may be formed in a single plane, I I

as shown at D in Fig. 12. Charging is effected by means of the passages to b andc d, the pistons having traversed b g and-d h; compression, by means of passages 17 c and d a, the pistons having traversed g b and h d; ignition and explosion by means of passages c d and a b, the pistons having traversed b g and d h; exhaust by means of passages d a, and b c, the pistons having traversed g b and d h.

The curve a b 0 cl a, which I have just described, would be very well adapted to motors for fluids under pressure, such as steam-engines, compressed-air engines, .hydraulic engines, and the like; but for gas-motors it would not permit of any greater expansion of the ignited gases than is usually obtained in other motors. Therefore I have added to the curve a b c d a a second curve a e c f a, Fig. 6, combined in such a manner with the first curve a b c d a that the rollers of the pistons will for the charging bear upon the part a. b and c d of the first curve; for the compression the rollers will bear upon the parts b c and d a of the first curve; for the ignition the rollers will bearupon the parts a e and c f of the second curve, and for the exhaust the rollers of the pistons will bear upon 6 c and f a.

By referring to Fig. 6 it will be seen that the pistons will traverse for the charging g b and d h, for the compression 1) g and h d, for the ignition and expansion 9 e and f h, and for the exhaust g e and h f, and if, for'example, I make g 12:19 e it will be seen that the charging equals 9 b and the ignition equals 2 g b. It is evident that without changingthe principle of the invention I may give to the parts g b and b c the relations which may be desired. In order to effect in practice this combination of the two curves, I have arranged the portion of the first curve a b c as a projection upon the portion of the second curve a c c, as is well represented on the righthand side of Figs. 2 and l, and the portion of the second curve f a is arranged intaglio or recessed into the portion of the second curve 0 (Z a, as is represented on the left-hand side of Figs. 2 and 4. In order that the rollers D and D may at the desired moment bear upon one or the other curve, one of the rollers D is provided with a sufficiently wide and suiliciently deep groove for the portion of curve a b c, in the passage of the portion of curve a c c, to be able to enter the groove of the roller without touching the latter. The other roller D is a simple roller, exactly of the width of the path a 1) cf a. It will therefore be seen from this arrangement that the roller 1) can only roll upon the path a e c (l a, and that the roller D can only roll upon the path a Z) of a.

In order that the pistons may be properly guided up to the end of their stroke, I have made the cylinder nearly equal in length to the major axis of the curve and I have provided at each extremity of the cylinder A a slot for the passage of the part of the curve corresponding to the ends of the minor axis, as shown in Fig. 8. A is the cylinder, and E is the roller-path, composed of the two beforementioned curves. In this arrangement it will be seen that the curves being symmetrical the. pistons and consequently all the parts in motion will always be at similar disdances from the center and therefore the driving forces acting upon the pistons will give equal driving momenta, and consequently any strain or pressure will not be exerted on the journals of the cylinder. The same will be the case as regards the inertia of the weight of these pistons, and therefore the driving momenta and momenta of inertia being equal and inverse the vibrations will be obviated. The rollers always bear upon the roller-path, this being consequently upon the compression, ignition, expansion, and centrifugal forces, but in starting the pistons are compelled to bear with their roller upon the roller-path by means of springs M, fixed at one end to the extremity of the axis of the rollers D D, and at the other end behind. the fly-wheel crown B.

In order to give a greater regularity of motion to the motor, I have placed the cylinder A between two weighted rims B B, forming a fiy-wheel. The distribution of gas in this motor takes place by a fixed valve-face G, (see Fig. 7,) pierced with two orifices 2' j, for the admission and exhaust. Upon this face bears a disk H, which is under the action of very weak springs h, and is pierced with a port K,

.Fig. 3, which passes successively in front of the ports 2' j. This port K is formed by a, tube in one with the disk II. This said tube is cylindrical outside and engages with little friction with the part p of the cylinder, the tightness of this tube being properly insured by metallic or asbestos packing. The port K then communicates with the cylinder through the chamber Z, Fig. 3. 3y this arrangement the pressure upon the valve-face G and consequently the friction is insignificant, because in the first place the springs h are only intended to insure contact without having to counterbalance any pressure, and because in the second place, at the time of compression and ignition, the pressure upon the valve-face G is only equal to the pressure exerted upon the end of the port-tube K. The spring h might therefore be dispensed with without interferring with the operation of the motor, for during compression and during ignition no escape would take place, because the pressure exerted upon the end of the port-tube K would cause the disk II to be pressed upon the valve-face G. The surface of the edge of K may be made as large or as small as desired according to the size and weight of the parts and the degree of tightness to be obtained.

The ignition may be effected by an electric sparkthat is to say, one of the wires terminating in the interior of the cylinder would be in constant communication with the material of the motor, and the other wire would at the desired moment closethe circuit through the medium of an appropriate cam S. In the case of ignition by incandcscence the valve-face G is provided with an aperture a, Fi 7, where the incandescent tube terminates, (indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3,) and when the orifice Karrives in front of this aperture the mixture is ignited.

For lubricating the cylinder the oil passes from the fixed reservoir E into a chamber L, turning with the cylinder. Pipes at :0 extend from this chamber L and convey the oil to the places to be lubricated. It is evident that two or more cylinders connected with each other might be provided, several explosions being thus obtained per revolution. It is also clear that without departing from the principle underlying the invention the rollerpath might be made movable, in whichv case the cylinder A would be stationary. This motor with a rotary roller-path and a stationary cylinder might be placed at thecenter of a vehicle-wheel at the place of the nave or hub, and would thus render the wheel'motive. The axle, being fixed, would serve for the admission of the gas or fluid under pressure. (Shown in Figs. 9 and 10.) For working with fluid under pressure another distribution would be necessary, but this distribution would constitute a special patent.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim is 1. In a motor, the combination of acasing provided with an elliptical roller-path of unequal axes, a cylinder in communication with a source of motive power, pistons in said cylinder, and rollers carried by said pistons andtraveling upon said path, substantially as described.

2. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with roller-paths of different conformations, acylinder in communication with a source of motive force, and pistons located in said cylinder and provided with independent rollers to traverse said paths, substantially as described.

3. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with a roller-path, a cylinder located within said casing, pistons in said cylinder, rollers carried by said pistons and adapted to traverse said path, and springs connected to said pistons to force the same into contact with said path, substantially as described.

4. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with a roller-path having a projection thereon and a depression therein to form independent paths, a cylinder within said casing and provided at its opposite ends with pistons, a roller located upon one of said pistons and adapted to traverse the raised surface of said path, and a roller located upon said other piston and adapted to traverse the depressed portion of said path, substantially as described.

5. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with a roller-path, a cylinder journaled to rotate within said casing, pistons in said cylinder provided with rollers adapted to traverse said path, a disk carried by said cylinder and provided with a port communicating therewith, a stationary valve-disk in contact with the disk carried by the cylinder and provided with inlet and exhaust ports whereby said ports will be alternately brought into communication with the cylinder in the rotation thereof, substantially as described.

6. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with a roller-path, a cylinder journaled to rotate within said casing, pistons in said cylinder provided with rollers adapted to traverse said path, a rotating disk carried bysaid cylinder and provided with a port communicating therewith, a stationary valvedisk adjacent to said rotating disk and provided with inlet and exhaust ports, and means to force said rotating disk into contact with said valve-disk, substantially as described.

' 7. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with an annular inwardly-projecting roller-path, a cylinder journaled to rotate within said casing, pistons located at opposite ends of said cylinder and provided with rollers adapted to traverse said path, fly-wheels located at opposite sides of said cylinder and carried thereby in its rotation, and yielding means connecting said pistons with said fiywheels, substantially as described.

8. In a motor, the combination of a casing provided with roller-paths of different conformations, a cylinder mounted to rotate within said casing and provided with pistons adapted to move in opposite directions therein, independent rollers carried by said pistons to traverse said paths whereby in a single revolution the four periods of the cycle of compression gas-engines are accomplished, substantially as described.

This specification signed and witnessed the 23d day of March, 1896.

PAUL AURIOL.

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