US577878A - Union - Google Patents

Description

(NO Model.\ 5 Sheets-Sheet i L. ONDERDONK.

SEWING MACHINE 170. 577,878. v Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

(No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 2 L. ONDERDONK.

SEWING MACHINE. No. 577,878. Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

K N 0 D D E D N 0 L (N0 Model.)

SEWING MACHINE.

N0. 5778 78.- Patented Mar.2,1897.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 L. ONDERDONK. SEWING MAHINE.

N0. 577878. Patiented Mar. 2,1897.

NITED STATES LANSING ONDERDONK, OF BOSTON,

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNIOI}I SPECIAL SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SEWiNG-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICA'IION formng part of Letters Patent N0. 577,878, dated March 2, 1897.

Application filed October 6, 1892. Renewed July 25, 1896. Serial No. 600,566. (No model.)

T aZZ whom it m0ty concern.-

Be it known that I, LANSING ONDERDONK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefu1 Improvements in Sewingij-Machines, of vvhich the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of refer- 1o ence marked thereon.

My invention relates to sewingmachines, and particularly to that class known as lockstitch machines, and comprises various improvements in the construction and operation of the parts of such machines.

The first object of my invention is to provide means for driving the loop-taker, timed with respect to the movements of the needle. Heretofore the advantage has been seen of giving to the needle two reciprocations to one revolution of the looptaker, the latter having two hooks, so that during one revolution of the loop-taker two complete stitches may be formed, whereby the capacity of the ma- 2 5 chine overone in which the needle reciprocates once to each revolution of the looptaker is doubled without any such increase of speed as would impair the durability of the machine. In this connection it has been heretofore proposedto provide machines with loop-takers havng' two hooks, but all such machines are more 01 less defective and differ in several important respects from my in vention. In one of such machines it has been 3 5 proposed to fix a revolving double-hooked loop-taker rigidly on the shaft, while in my construction the doublehooked looptaker is held in position by a raceway, in which it revolves and in which position it is driven by 40 an independent driver, which alternately en gages and disengages the loop-taker at certain points in its rotation for the purpose of allowing the needle-thread t0 pass between it and the loop-taker. In the old machine above specified there is no raceway, but the loop-taker, being fixed rigidly on the shaft, is supported and revolved by it, the ditterence between this construction and mine obviously being considerable both as regards the me chanical arrangement and the method of orming the stitch. It has als0 been prothe production of the stitch.

posed t0 effect the said two-to-one motion by use of gears, the loop-taker being canted. Gears are noisy and like1y to wear out quickly under high speed. In my construction they are dispensed With and the loop-taker is sup ported perpendicularly on its axis. Furthermore, in said 01d construction a very large bobbin or bobbin-case and reel is used. This is objectionable and in some cases impractical o because of excessive chafing of the needlethread.

Various other constructions and'arrangemen ts of mechanisms have been propsed for securing therelative movements of the needle and loop-taker, but al1 are more or less defective and impractical. I aim, therefore, to provide a practical arrangement for obtaining the desired movement in machines adapted to do a great amount of work and run at high 73 speed.

Another object is to provide means coperating with the two-to-onemotion mechanism referred to, whereby a variable speed is imparted to the loop-taker or other part to be 75 driven, thus enabling said part to move at different rates of speed.

A sti1l further object of my invention is to provide a thread-controlling mechanism operating in conjunction with the needle and loop-taker and tim ed for regulating the slaakening and tightening of the thread at the proper moment to afford the best results in I eliminate from said thread-controlling mechanism the operating-cams, which have been in such general use in lock stitch machines, against which there is great leverage and consequent wear. Thus I secure greater speed with less applied power, have less noise and wear in 0 the running parts, and obtain an efficient and simple action in drawing in and setting the stitch.

Certainother objects have been aimed at in the cnstruction of my machine, all hav 5 ing in view the simplifying and improving of the apparatus and the making of an organized machine capable of effective use.

My invention therefore consists in the matters hereinafter described, and referred to in the appended claims.

In the accornpanying dra-Wings, which illust-rate the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a sewing-machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view. Fig. 3is an end view of the machine, showing particularly the loop-taken Fig. 4 is a similar view, some of the parts being omitted and certain ether parts being ina different position. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a portion of the base-piate with the revolving looptaker in place. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the revolving loop-taken Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the mechanism employed t0 impart a variable speed to the revolving loop-taker. Fig. 8 shows a donbleshaft sewing-machine and the mechanism f0r imparting a two-toone motion to the lower shaft. Fig. 9 is a detail end view of the connecting-rod and disk .shown in Big. 14. Big. 10 is another form of the mechanism f0r imparting variable motion to the loop-taker. Fig.1l is a detail of parts of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 shows another means for imparting variable mot-ion to the loop-taken Fig. 13 is a detail of parts of Fig. 18. Big. 14 shows a side elevation of another form of mechanism for operating the needle-bar. Fig. 15 is an end view of Fg. 14. Fig. 16 shows a side elevaton of a machine having double shafts and variable-speed mechanism, and Figs. 17, 18, and 19 are diagrammatic views of the twoto-one motion mechanism.

In the following description I have termed the device which manipnlates the needlethread beneath the bed-plate a loop-taker, and nnder this title I intend to be inclnded all devices which manipulate the needlethread t0 form a chain-stiteh, single 0r donble, a look chain-stitch, 01 a lock-stitch of any character. T0 make these varions stitches, the loop-taker may 0r may not carry a lower thread, or the lower thread may be supported 01 guided independently of the loop-taken My loop-taker as employed in the machine desc ribed carres a bobbin and bobbin-case, is provided with two loop-taking hooks, each having a beak and a heel, and is provided with other features that are hereihafter described and which render it eflicient for the purposes set fort-h.

In the drawings, A represents the base-plate of the machine.

B is the main shaft, driven from a suitable sonrce of power by means of a belt trained over the wheel A. lhe needlebar-actuating lever 0r bar (1 is operated from the main shaft B by the eccentric connecting-rod a in the nsual manner and is pivoted on the main frame 0r gcoseneck A of the machine.

G is the needle-bar, t0 which is attached the needle in the ordinary manner.

The main shaft is made in two parts B B, the part B being, as above mentioned, the main shaft of the machine, frorn which the nee'dle-bar and feed are operated by connections, as sho'wn. The shaft B is so connected with and driven from the shaft B ihat the loop-taker D, driven from the shaft B, makes one revolution While the needle-bar is reciprocated twice and the shaft B makes tw0 revolutions, whereby, as the. loep-taker is a double-hooked one, tw0 stitches are made during one revolution of the loop-taker, thns ncreasing the capacity of the machine. This movement is accomplished in the following manner: The shafts B and Bare arranged with their longitndinal axes eccentric te each other, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and10. T0 one end of the shaft B is secured a disk Z), having two grooves 01 slots b b across its face, as shown in Fig. 17, these grooves crossing each other at right angles, the point at which they cross being exactly central with the shaft B. A collar I) is secured en the shaft B and is provided with two stnds b Z2 the centers of which are equidistant from the center of the driving-shaft B, this distance between the center of the shaft B and the studs being eqnal to the distance between the centers of the shafts B B. These studs may be made to turn in sockets formed in the col- 1ar Z), or may be made rigid, hut, at anyrate, that porticn of the studs Z)? b entering the grooves Z9 1) should be made to fit the same exactly.

In Fig. 18 is shown the relative position of the centers of the disk b and collar b, which are the same as the centers of the shafts B and B, to which they are rigidly secured. It also shows one of the driving-studs 12 of the collar b at the center of the slotsb b WVere it n0t for the other driving-stud b in the slot 12 01, in other words, if there were 110 other connection between b b than the driving-stud and the two shafts B and B were to stop in postion to bring the stud Z2 directly over the center of B, it is evident that the drivingshaft B in that position loses control of the driven shaft B, and this shaft and all the connecticns are in a position to be turned in any direction, either by any strain on the hoek D hy the needle-thread, by the inertia of its movement, by hand, 01 by any other cause independent of the shaft B; but With the driving-stnd Z1 operating in the slot 5, as does the stud Z2 in the slot b then it is evident that when either d-riving-stud is in the center of the disk 1), and, secondly, of the shaft B, the other driving-stud controls the movement of the disk b.

11: will of course be nnderstood that were there only one slot in the disk and oneconneetion between the disk and collar, that connection, =f0r example, moving in the groove 19 of the disk, and that the distance of the center of the driving-shaft B (and therefore the collar b) to the center of the connection engaging the slot 12 is the same as the distance between the two shafts B and B, as shown in Big. 18, in the revolving of the shaft B said connection, being the stud b must pass directly into the center of the shaft B.

Assuming that we commence the rev0lutien of the shaft B with the stud 19 and slot 1) at the point occupied by stud 6 and slot Z), now as we move on nntil we come to the po- IIO one-fonrth of a revolution.

sition of the stnd b we find that shaft B has made onehalf a revolntion and the disk b Going on to the point of beginning we find that the shaft B has made a full revolution and the disk b has made one-half of a revolntion. Thns it is evident that it reqnires two revolutions of the shaft B to effect one revolntion of the disk b. It is also evident that the line traveled crossing the disk is that of the slot,vvhich is straight. Therefore, as a natural conseqnence, if the co1lar is provided Wth a second stnd eqidistant trom center to center and opposite from the first and on a line With the center of the shaft the line described across the face of the disk b wonld be the same as that traveled by the first stnd, except at right angles with it, the centers of the two lines loeing common with that of the shaft npon which the disk revolves. I have found that instead of loeing ronnd at the points where the studs fit the grooves a block is preferable, bnt howeverloeing less noisy, less liable to wear out, and

better, especially when high speed is desired; and, fnrthermore, not being as sensitive to wear there is very little liabilit-y of any lost motion between the loop-taker and needle.

The tWo slots in the disk 11 and the two stnds on the collar b are not necessary to prodnce the particular movement of the shafts B and B Witl1 respect to each other, and one slot and one stud maybe dispensed with, the other tvvo loeir1g necessary only to overcome the possibility of the driving-shaft losing control of the driven shaft when the stnd of the collar 17 is passing over the dead-center of the disk. Hence I may nse the constrnotion shown in Fig. 19, in which is represented a disk Z) witha single slot and a single stnd on the driver 5, the arrangement of the sbafts being the same as in Fig. 18. In order to prevent a retrograde movement of the drver-shaft in this form of driving mechanism, I provide the disk b with studs 1 and 1, placed on a line at a right angle to the slot 29 and eqnidistant from the axis of the shaft B. The driver b, at a point opposite the attachment of the drivin g-stnd b is notched for the reception of said stnols 1 1. Bearing in mind that the driv ing-shaft B makes two revolntions to one of the driven shaft B, it Will be seen that as the driving-stud b changes positions With the notch in the driver, thns making a half-revo lntion, the stnd 1" will make bnt one-qnarter revolntion and will pass out of said notch. This qnarter-revolntion Will canse stnds 1 and 1 to assnme a position one above the other or in a vertical plane fiewing Fg. 10. other half-revolntion of the driving-shaft B in the same direction Will canse the noteh in the driver to reassnme the position of Fig. 19 and cause the stnd 1 on the disk 12 of the driven shaft to enter said notch. Thns it will be seen that the driver never loses control of the looper-shaft and prevents any retrograde movement thereof. InFig. 18 this construction has its equivalent in the stnd 12 and slot Z).

WVhile in the sewing-machine forming the subject-matter of the presentinvention I have found the mechanism forimparting the twoto-one motion very nsefnl, it Will be understood that in certain eatnres I am not limited to the particular operating connections between the shafts B and B.

In Fig. 7 I show a machine Whicl1 in its general constrnction is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, lont which is capalole of giving a varialole motion to the loop-taker D by reason of the disposition of the main driving mechan ism. This variable motion of the looptaker is desiralole for thepnrpose ofmaking the loop-taker move faster in some portions of its movement than inothers, so as to move rapidly in entering the loop of needle-thread and at the same time enable the preceding loop carried by the other hook of the looptaker to reach a position to be drawn np sooner than it wonld if the loop-taker is rnnning at uniform speed. This also permits of the threaddelivery opening or space of the race to be made mnch Smaller. Tl1e shaft B is snpported in bearings or hangers (1 and a and the shaft B in the hearing or hanger a bntI add a third shat't J to the machine, Which is supported in the hanger of, which shaft J actnates the loop-taker shaft B. In this fignre 00m, me, and 0cx with the shaft J, are the extra parts which make np the varialole-motion mechanism. It is necessary for this purpose to have the drivingshaft and the drven shaft out of alinement, the same as is necessary to get a two-to-one motion. Therefore this fignre shows a prime shaft B and loop-taker shaft B on the same line, With all the necessary variation in the secondary shaft J. 5090 is a collar secured to the prime shaft B, in which there is secnrd a stnd. 9000 is a disk to which is also secnred a stud, and the connection between aca: and ac0r: is by means of a link 00x, which works freely on the stnds sec nred in 0000 and 00.06 As the lines of the shafts B and J are not the same, the driving-pin of the collar 0cx natnrally passes closer to the center of xx dnring a certain portion of the revolntion of the shaft B than it does at others. "When going to the center of arm, the speed must natnrallybe increased, and when going from the center gradually diminished. Therefore whater er motion is given to the disk :cx must be given to the primary shaft J, to which it is secnred, thence throngh the connections b b and loop-taker sl1aft B to the loop-aker D, the Whole ar rangem ent being so timed as to give the looptaker D the advantage of the increased speed at the proper instant. It is old in singlel1ook machines to hurry forward the hook at a certain portion of its movement, lont inthe present machine the principal advantage is in hurrying the loop-taker at the time for it to enter the needle-loop and to hurry it so as to enable the space between the front and rear ends of the hook-race to be made less.

Figs. 8 to 16, inelusive, show different forms of my invention in which a double-shaft sewing-machine is employed, and show various ways in which variable n1otion may be btained, and also means for actuating the needle-bar.

In Figs. Band 9 I show portions of a doubleshaft sewing-niachine in which variable m0- tion is imparted to the loop-taker drivingshaft B by means of a link A whieh connects the principal shaft A with the lower shaft B. The shaft A is provided with a crank a to whichone end of the link A is conneeted by the hearing a The linkA has an enlarged portion A near its central portion, and has a slot a, in Which abloek 0, is fitted. A fulcrum-pin A passes through said blook and is rigidly secured to the frame of the machine. The lower end of the link A has a stud a which engages a disk b upon the end of the shaft B. This disk has a single groove aeross its face, and a portion of its periphery parallel with the groove is fiattened, as-shown. The stud a is secured at a point opposite the center of the shaft B When the crank a is-at its lowest point. The fulcrum-pin A being nearest the lower shaft, causes the stud to travel in an elliptical path. The shaft A travels twice as fast as the lower loop-taker driving-shaft B. A lug a" upon the link A located just above and close to the flattened portion of the disk b prevents any tendency of the lower shaft to run ahead or back at the time when the stud a has no control of the disk 6 by reason of its being central with the shaft B, and this lug serves the same purpose as the second stud b in the eollar b. (Shown in Fig. 1.)

Fig. 10 shows a machine in which the needle-loar is to be driven by a revolvng shaft in a manner similar to that described in connecton With Figs. 8 and 9, having a fixed fulerun1 over which the driving-lever rocks and thus imparts its crank motion (upper shaft) to the lower shaft. The parts 51200 wac 0596 are substantially the Same as the eorresponding parts in Fig. 7, the only difference being that instead of the shaft B and the collar man? in said Fig. 7 a lever is used, a stad being secured thereon in a manner similarto that in which it is secured in the collar 00:0 The link 00x turns on the stud of the connecting or driving leverin the same way as the collar xx in Fig. 7. The drivinglever at the point the stud and link are seeured to it describes a eircle a portion of which passes near to the center of 00x, while the other portion passes from it, thusgiving the shaft B, the shaft B, and consequently the loop-vaker D a variable motion similar io that secured by the arrange ment shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is an end view showing the mechanism for securing the variable motion described in eonnection with Fig. 10.

In Fig. 16 a sewing mechanism is represented having a needle-driving shaft and a loop-taker drving-shaft. The main feature is that instead of. reducing the revolutions of the loop-taker to one-half that of the drivingshaft the speed of the needle-driving shaft is increased just twice. The drving-shaft t0 Whieh the belt-wheel is attached runs at the same rate as the shaftwhieh drives the looptaker D. Oonsequently to increase the operations of the needle-bar to twice that of the loop-taker the two-to-one-motion devices employed to reduce the revolutions of the loop taker D are applied to the needle-bar drivingshaft in a reverse manner. For example, instead of the collar b being the driver and the disk I) the driven part in the present construction just the reverse takes place; also, in the machine here shown the lever driving the lower shaft and called the driving-lever has a sliding fulerum-pin, thus causing the end of the, driving-lever whieh carries the stud to describe a true circle when placed eentrally, which would not be the case were the fulcrum-pin stationary, as described in eonnection with Fig. 8. Iprovide in connection With this a disk having a slot, in which slot the stud of the driving-lever engages, and the arrangement is suoh as to give the loop-taker shaft a variable revolving motion. The Same arrangement as 0090 0000xx (shown in Fig. 10) could be substituted. The conneotion between the needle-bar staple and the needlebar is a simple link connection. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, however, this arrangement may be varied and a variable 'motion of the needle-bar provided by the cross-head or cam connection, as shown.

Figs. 12 and 13 represent, respectively, side and end views of a eonstruetion of lower portion of "ariable-motion meehanism substantially the same as shown in Fig. 16.

In the figures referred t0I have shown meehanism for giving a two-to-one motion for reeiprocating the needle-loar twice to one revolution of the loop-taker, or vioe versa. I have accomplished this either by having the speed of the needle-bar'normal and reducing that of the hook or by leaving the speed of the hook normal and doubling that of the needlebar, and these movements have been accomplished by arranging the mechanieal connections between the driving and driven shafts either above or below the bed-plate. Furthermore, I hawe shown in connection With this mechanism for giving the two-to-one motion mechanism for retardin g and accelerating the speed of the loop-taker at different portions of its movement.

At the front end of the shaft B is secured the loop-taker driver E. This shaft is supported in a hanger depending from the baseplate A, and secured to the hanger are the plates C C, which form the loop-taker race.

The plate C is provided with an annnlar groove O while plate C is plain, but when the two plates are united a groove or channel is formed and inthis the looptaker D revolves when actuated by the driver E.

The feeding mechanism which I have described and illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 and which I have found nseful in this machine is not herein claimed, since it forms the subj eet-matter of an application filed by me J nly 20, 1892, Serial No. 440,635. This feeding mechanism consists of a lever 5, eonnected by a ball-and-socket joint 6 at one end 130 the feed-bar 7 and at the other end to the eccentric rod 2, which is driven from the main shaft of the machine and has a lateral stud 3 journaled on an oscillating support and attached tothe frame of the machine. The rise and fall and backward and forward movements of the eedbar 7 and feed-bar 10 are regnlated by the working fnlcrnms 15 and 18, the former of which is secured to the bar 16, sliding on ways 11 and 12, said bar heing held in any desired position loy bolt 13 and set-nut 14. The rocking fulcrum 15 regulates the forward and backward movement of the feed, while the rise and fall is governed by the fulcrum 18 at 1ight angles to the part 15.

I have herein illnstrated a form of threadeontrolling device which I propose to use in connection with the two-to-one motion andvariable-speed motion hereinbefore described, this thread-controlling device loeing illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 and its object loeing to control the drawing of the thread np close to the material when the needle-bar isris ing to its highest point and to retard the thread sufficiently in the descent of the needle-bar to prevent the slack of the thread getting in the way of the needle-point, and, furthermore, to provide a device working in connection with a revolving loop-taker moving at even or varying rates of speed, so that a va riation of time of drawing the slack thread from the loop-taker may be permitted.

a and 12 are thread-eyelets on the gooseneck of the machine, and 27 the tension device, which may be either vertical or horizontal, as desired. The needle-bar lever a is of ordinary construction and is operated in the usnal manner from the main shaft of the machine. It gives reciprocat-ory movement to the needle-bar G, carrying the needle e Upon the upper end of the needle-bar are eyelets f and f throngh which the thread passes on its way to the needle. The thread may be passed from the tension device through the eyelet Z720 and thence through the adjustalole eyelet g attached to the frame of the machine, through eyelets f f (or one of them) to the needle, but loy this construction the objects aimed at by me are not accomplished as fully, and I have therefore devised the mechanisxn which I am about to describe.

Snpported by the oollar 0r band D which supports the presser-foot loar and throngh which the needle-barreciprocates, is a shank 72, preferably slotted on its lower end, so as to be vertically adjustable by means of a setscrew This shank 71 has a hook formed on its upper end, this hook being arranged in a vertical plane between the vertical planes in which the eyelets f f are placed and so loeated in respect to them that in the raising L0 its highest position of the needledoar the eyelets f 20 f will be oarried above the hook and in moving t0 its lowest position will loe carried below the same.

In the operation of the machine when the needle-bar moves upward the thread between the eylets f f will be canght by the hoek 723 and form a loop in the thread, as shown in Fig. 1, thns aeting to draw the needlethread up tight against the material. In 01- der to prevent too much slack in the thread aronnd the needle when the needle-bar descends to its lowest position, I secure to the shank h preferably at the lower end, a spring Z which, as shown, encircles the hook 70 and bears npon the thread on both sides of said l1ok. This spring in the downward movement of the needle-bar retards the clescent of the t-hread, and thus prevents the slack in the thread around the needlepoint eoming in the way thereof and curling around the same, rendering it liable to break. By making thehook and spring vertically adjustable an advantage accrues in that it enables the operator to hnrry 01 delay the time of drawing the slack thread from the heel of the hook and at the same time take np and give a greater quantity of slack thread for the needle to form the loop of the sueceeding stitch preparatory to the hook entering t. Another advantage of this combination loetween the eyelets f f and the hook and spring is that the stroke of the needle-bar may be less than otherwise reqnired to draw up the slack of the needle-thread necessary to pass aronnd the hook, since the needlethread is practically drawn double between f and f It Will be nnderstood that the hook and spring are adjustable at the height necessary to draw a tight stitch. B y this construction also the drawng up of the thread to the material is accomplished qnickly and when the needle-bar is near the upward extremity of its movement.

Various changes in the constrnction may be made Without departing from'the spirit of my invention, as, for exarnple, difierent forms of take-nps or thread-controllers might loe snbstituted for that herein shown. I have found this donhlethread-eyelet arrangement which I have described and shown very advantageons in its results when applied to revolvinghook machines for the reason that in such machines the object is not to draw off from the heel of the hook until the latter has traveled almost to the needle. In other IOO IIO

words, by nsing double eyelets with the adjustable controller it is not reqnired to begin to draw the thread up to the material nntil the heel of the revolving hook has almost reached the needle, and consequently the so that when the plate O, which is arranged behind the loop-taker D and against the supporting-hanger, is secured to the plate 0 a groove is formed, in which the loop-taker rotates. It will thus be seen that by making the ring C thinner or thicker the loop-taker will be brought farther 'rom or nearer to the needle, the Same forming a spacing-plate by means of which also the wear may be taken up. These plates may be made of antifrictional marerial, such as wood fiber, so that oiling will be unnecessary and at the same time prevent cutting or grinding out. The use of oi1 is objectionable, owing to the liability of the loolobin and needle-thread loecoming soiled by contact therewith. By the use of the antifrictional material this is coinpletely avoided and a very satisfactory result is attained.

II is a loopspreader herein shown as attached to the race-plate 0 and triangular in shape, its apex forming a beak which curves close to the path of the needle and in line close above and central with the hook of the loop-taker, so that When the l1ook shall have entered the needle-loop and is carrying it forward it will carry it onto the beak of the spreader; or, in other words, as the loop moves forward with the necdle-thread spread by the thickness of the hook owing to the beak of the spreader being pointed and its relative position the hook will carry theneedle-thread onto the loop-spreader, and the 'arther the hook moves forward the farther the thread will be carried onto the spreader and the wider will the loop of the needlethread be opened, which with the angle at whioh it is drawn and the tension on the thread will cause the thread t0 pass back around the loop-taker andbobbin sooner and easier than possible if left entirely to the time and form of the looptaker, and saves breaking of the thread by any strain that might occur if the loop-taker should fail to cast the thread off properly, which is a common occurrence in other machines. It also deflects the needle-thread loopends of thread, &c., from the hookrace and prevents their being carried into it, thus preventing the thread becoming wedged or jammed in the race and possible derangementof the Inachine. Tl1is loop-spreader is of great importance, and I have herein shown it as attached to one race-plate and covering both plates in such a manner as to prevent the needle-loop from being caught between the plates where they are united to form the race.

The race-plates C C are cut awaydirectly beneath the feed-dogs, being flattened upon the side next the dogs. The c,utting off of this portion of the race-plate forms thereloy a tapering end portion, on the upper flattened side of Which is secured the said loopspreader H. Ths construction facilitates the carrying of the new thread to the loopspreader and assists in releasing the completed loop upon the otherside afterthe projecting lip F of the bobbin has moved so as to release it. About one-fourth of the entire circumference is cut away.

The double-hooked loop-baker D is actuated by a driver which is secured to the end of the shaft B and is provided With arms e e which enter slots d in the loop -'taker. The shaft B is slotted and the driver E is inserted and is secured in positi0n by a pin e The arms e e are thrown into and out of engagement With slots d in the looptaker D loy means of a disk D made, preferably, of wood fiber or other antifrictional material, provided With a cam-face so arranged that the ar1ns will be caused to alternately engage with'and disengage from the looptaker, the parts being so timed that when it is necessary to release the loop the arm at the upper side is not in engagement, but the loop-taker will be driven by the other arm. Thus it will be seen that at all times one or the other or both of the arms are in engagement with the slots in the loop-taker, so that there is always a positive connection between the loop-taker and its driving mechanism, and by the use of the threadcontroller and variable-speed motion With the double-hooked loop taker I am enabled to draw the thread properly or take up the slack without necessitating a total disengagement of the looptaker from its dri"er for an interval in order that the slack may be pulled up. For a greater portion of the distance of the rotation both arrns e e will be in engagement. A thread-guard e curved to conform to the shape of the looptaker, prevents the loop from being caught by the arms of the hookdriver. The thread-guard 6 is secured by a collar 6 to the shaft B by means of the pin 2 The thread-guard is slotted, so as to permit the arms e 6 to move in and out between the portions c whi'ch form a guard on either side of the driving-arms e 6. This thread-guard is omitted in Fig. 5, but shown in Fig. 7. The hooks of the loop-taker, as shown at 61 d, alternately enter and release the loops as the loop-taker is revolved by the driver E. The center of the body portion of the loop-taker is provided With a recess, in the center of which is secured a pin or stud d and on this pin or stud the bobbin-case F is supported. The bobbin-case is formed with a projection F, out from the shell. I-Ieretofore it has been the practioe to secure a lip or projection to a IOO bobbin-case by brazing, soldering, riveting, and the like, but the forming of the lip from the same piece of metal has an advantage, inasmuch as it is far less likely to break off and fall into the raceway or otherwise damage the machine while in operation. A loolobin-case controller or stop 1 with a suitable notch is attached, as herein shown, to the hook-race or any other suitalole part of the frame of the machine. VVhen the bobbin-case is placed in position, the integral projecton F is made to engage the notch in the stop I, and the latter bein'g stationary the hobbn-case is kept steady and prevented fron1 revolving with the loop-taker. These features are of peculiar value in a machine of the character described in that the distance of the controller from and its position relative to the needle, and the consequent line of draft upon the needle-thread in passing between I and F, are such as to afford the least possible resistance to the drawing in of the needle-thread and to cause such drawing in to take place at atime when the draft of the needle-thread is slow and easy and when resistance the least affects the drawing np of the threads preparatory to setting the stitch in the 1naterial, and conseqnently in a corresponding degree avoids breaking or drawing off too much needlethread, which would be liable at an angle which afforded greater resistance, as in other machines of this character. Furthemnore, the point of contact between I and F is as 'ar as possible from the center of the loobloincase, Which latter is supported upon the stud d of the loop-taker, said stud revolving in the bobbin-case. As the looptaker rotates and the bobbin-case is held from movement, there is naturally a certain a1nonnt of friction between the bolobin-case and the supportingstnd d of the loop-taker D, Which friction holds the projection F in contact with the stop I With a certain amount of friction which the needle-thread has to overcorne in passing between the projection F of theloobbin-case and its controllerl, and the resistance loeing least at the greatest distance from the frictionpoint between bobbin case and looptaker, because the leverage is the least, it follows that these parts I and F by their arrangement and structure are such as to afford the advantages stated. The bobbincase is provided wit.h slots f 2 f and around a tonguef formed loy said slots, the thread is passed, t-l1ereby giving a tension to the lower or loobloin thread.

In order to prevent the point of the needle 'ron1 inj ury or breaking, I provide the hobbin-case with a slot f, so that the point Will enter the same and not strike the bobbincasing. 011 either side of the recess of the loop-taker in which the bobloin-case is sup ported are depressons D D, which are of considerable importance, as they permit the slack bobbin-thread at the time when the needle-thread is being drawn tightly into the goods. As the bobbin-thread passes out through these depressions from the bobbin it will be seen that in the revolntion of the loop-taker the bololoin-thread would be drawn off.

As shown in Fig. 3, the hook d is at the point of entering the needle-loop, the loop that was taken by thepreceding hook being clearly shown in the drawing. 'Ihe advantage of two hooks is that the first stitch is finished upon drawing thread onthe following stitch-that is to say, it will be seen that the take-up mechanism, controlled by the needle'-bar as previonsly described, draws the first loop fro1n the heel of the loop-taker hook nearly up to the material and as closely as is desired, according to the adjustrnent of the thread guides or eyes. The final or tightening pull to set the first loop, forming the stitch in the material, is exerted by the sec 0nd loop-taker hook, which enters the next succeeding loop of 11 eedle-thread, the spreading of said latter loop around the body of the loop-maker having the effect of drawing the remaining portion of the irst loop tight and thus setting the stitch. The thread draws up through one needle-hole over thegoods to the next needle-hole. '1hns the round-top 01 birds-eye stitch is olotairied. In this Fig. 3 it Will loc seen that the loop-spreader H is about to spread the needleloop which has just been formed.

. In Fig. 4 the parts hzwe moved, the driver E having carried the loop-taker D to a point where one of the loops is about to be released from the heel of the hook and pass up loetween the ends of the projection F on the bobbin-case and the plate I, which is secured to the race-plate C. It will be observed that the utmost freedom of rnovernent of the needle-loops is possible until the loop passes into the notch 1 in the plate I. When these are reached, a slight resistance is exerted at the point of contact as the needle-loop is drawn up to the goods carrying the loobbin-thread inside its loop. W ith the needle-bar in the position shown in this figure, With the tl1readcontrolling mechanism shown in Fig. 1, the thread is not drawn oif as quickly at the heel of the looptaker. This being the case it allows the hook D to travel farther toward the needle loefore the thread is required, and consequent-ly the open space in the race may be less. Between the beak of one hook and the heel of the opposite hook at two opposite sides of the loop-taker D the body portion is cut away, so that only a thin casing surrounds the bololoin on two sides. Through this thinned portion slots d", having; an enlarged portion 01, are cut, so that the end of the needle will not becorne dnlled or broken by striking the loop-taker. At its other end it narrows so that its wdth is j nst suflicient to permit an ordinary-sized needle to pass freely.

Tl1e back edge of the slot d comes just outside the line of the hook-beaks d 01, for the purpose of forcng the needle, when the point is engaged by the wall of the slot, jnst out- IIO side the line of the beek to prevent the h00k from striking it, the walls of the slot prevent ing displacement, S0 that the beek will surely entertheloop. Thebobbin-latchL is pivcued 130 the hanger supporting tl1e kook-race and is held in engagement with the b0bbin by means of a loeking-lever M, which engages a notch Z in the latcl1. One end of the locking lever 0r catcl1 is engaged by a spring held in the socket formed in the hanger. The letch L may be rocked on its center Z i0 eiLher side, so that the bobbin is readily removed. By rocking tl1e bobbin-latch in a plane parallel with tl1e plane of rotation of the looptaker, as in my construction, a much better and safer means of securing the bobbin is provided. It has been the common practice to hinge the latch so that it would project in a perpendicular line 130 chat of the rotation of the bobbin and loop-talcer, and l1ence any weakness in the hinge-joint 0r spring holding the latch a-ff0rds possibility of the latcl1 becoming disengaged by reason of the constant jar incident to the operaton of the machine and causes the liability of brea kage of some of the parts by the bobbin-case fiying out; 01 becoming displacecl. Furthermore, in the old form above mentioned, when the machine was lifted 0r turned out; of the table and the latchhad been accidentally left down, the latch or s0me part of the machine or table WH1. possibly become broken or inj ured. By my construction, however, in addition to the spring aetion of the lateh, the depth of the notch Z, which is engaged by the look ing lever M, makes 13 impossible f0r 'IJhe letch to become disengaged except by the operator.

Various modifications and changes in the construction of the parts may be made by any one skilled in the art without depmting from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the needle, u rotatng loop-taker provided WLl1 a plurnlity of hooks rgid therewith, mechanism fo1 imparting to the needle a plurality of reeiprocations to one revolution of the loop-taker, and continuous-rotary-motion mechanism comprising means for imparting to the loop-taker a multiplex va-rable m0uion whereby the motion of the looptaker as a whole is accelerzrted and renwdedaplurality of timesin eael1 revolution; substantially as described.

2. In a sewing-maehine, the combination with a needle, 21 rotary loep-taker havng a plurality of hooks, mechanism for imparting to the needle a plurali'uy of reciprocations during one rotanion of the loop-taker, said mechanism involving means f or varying the motion of the needle during such reciproeations, and continuous-rotary-motion mechanisrn comprising means f0r imparting to the loop-tanker a multiplex variable motion whereby the motion of the loop-taker is aecelerated and retarded a, plurality of "times in each 10- tation t0 coperate with the variable motion of bl1e needle; substantially as described.

3. In a sewing-machine, Ll1e combinabion With a needle, means f0r reciprccating the same, and a rotary loop-imker hzwing a plurality of h0oks rigid therewith, of mechunisrn for imparting to the loop-taker as a whole r0 tary motion involving a duplex variation; substantially as deseribed.

4. In a sewing-maehine, tl1e cornbination with a needle, means f0r reeiprocating the Same, and a r0pery loop-baker havng a plurality of hooks rigid therewith, of mechanism for impar'uing '00 the loop-taker as a whole continuous rotary motion involving e duplex variation during each rotation; substanniall y es described.

5. In a sewng-machine, the combination with a reciprocating needle and a rotary 100ptaker h (wi n g e plurality of hooks rigid themwith, of means for actuating said needle and loop-taker, the loop-taker-actuating mechanism comprising 'nwo speeding devices coperating 130 impzub (0 the loop-taker a duplex variation during euch rotation substantially as described.

6. In a sewing-machine, the combination with areciprocatingneedle and a rotary 100ptaker 'having a plurality of hooks rigid themwith, of mechanism for mparting to the needle two reciprocations during one rotation of the loop-taker, and mechanism for imparting to the loop-baker as a whole variable motion during sucl1 rotation; substantially as described.

7. In a sewing-machine, the combination With a reciprocating needle -1nd doublehooked rotary loop-tanker, of mechanism f0r imparting 130 the needle two reciprocations during one rotation of the loop-taker, mechanism for imparting to the needle a variable motion durin g sucl1 reciprocations, and mechanism f0r imparting to the looptaker a VEL1- able motion during such rotation; substantially as descrbed.

8. In a sewing-machine, the combination with a prime shafl, a needle, means f0r operating tl1e letter from the prime shaft, a loop-taker having a plu rality of hooks, a 100ptzrker shaft, a secondary shaft, connections between 'the prime and seeondary shafts for varying the speed of the letter, and connections between the seeondary and loop-baker shafts f0r reducing the number of rotations of the letter relative to the former; substantially as described.

9. In a sewing-machine, the combination With 2L reciprocating needle and a rotary 100ptaker huving a pluralty of hooks of mechansm or imparting to the needle two reciprocations during one rotation of the loop-taker, means for mparting to the needle a sl0w m0- ti0n while in the veinity of ibs lowest position, and means foraceelera'uing ti1e motion of the loop-taker during the slow motion of the needle; substantially as deserbed.

the disk, a looptaker, and complemental stitch-orming mechanism; substantially as described.

21. In a sewngmachine the combination with a prime shafr, a secondary shaft, and a loop-maker shaft, of connections between the prime and secondary shaft-s f0r varying the speed of the latter relative to tbe former, connections between the secondary and 100ptaker shafts for reducing the number of rotations of the latter relative to the former, a loop-taker, and complemental stitch-forming mechanism; substantially as described.

22. In a sewing-machine, tl1e combination with a prime shaft, a needle, means for operating the latter from the prime shaft, a loop- .taker having aplurality of hooks, a loop-tak er shaft, a secondary shaft, connections between the prime shaft and secondary shaft for varying the speed of the latter and means between the secondary shaft and the loop-taker shaft for reducing the number of rotations of the latter relative to the former, comprising a slotted disk on one shaft and a crank onthe other shaft carrying a pin operating in the slot of the disk; substantially as described.

23. In a sewing-machine, the combination with a prime shaft, a needle, means f01 operating the latter, a loop-taker having a plurality of hooks, a loop-taker shaft, a secondary shaft, connections between the prime shaft and secondary shaft f0r varying t11e speed of the latter, and means between the secondary shaft and'the loop-taker shaft for reducing tl1e speed of the latter relative to the former, comprising a disk carred by one shaft, and having diametrical slots arranged at a right angle to each other, and a crank on the other shaft having pins operating in the slots of the disk; substantially as described.

24. In a sewing-machine, the combination with a prime shaft, a needle, means for operating the latter, a loop-taker having a plurality of l10oks, a loop-taker shaft, a secondary shaft, connections between the prime shaft and the secondary sl1aft forvarying the speed of the latter, and means between the secondary shaft and the loop-taker shaft for reducing tl1e speed of the latter relative to the former, consisting of an arrangement of the shafts whereby the axes Will be eocentric relatively, a disk carried by one of said shafts and havng diametric slots arranged at a right angle t0 each other, and a crank on the other shaft operating in the slots in the disk; substantially as described.

25. In a sewngnnachine, the eombination with a prime shaft, a needle, means for operatng the 1atter, a loop-taker having a plurality of hooks, a loop-vaker shaft, a secondary shaft, means between the prime shaft and secondary shaft for varying the speed of the latter, comprising a crank on each shaft having a pin and a link connecting said pins, and connect1ons between the secondaryshaft and loop-taker shaft ior redncing the number of rotations of the latterrelative to the fornier; snbstantially as described.

26. In a sewing-machine, tl1e combination with a prime shaft, a needle, means f0r operatng the latter, a loop-taker havng a plurality of hooks, a locp-taker shaft, a secondary shaft, means between the prime shaft and secondary shaft for varying the speed of the latter, comprsing an arrangement of the sl1afts whereby their axes will be eccentric relatively, and connections between the secondary and loop-taker shafts for reducing the number of rotations of the latter relative to the former; substantially as described.

27. In a sewing-machire, the combination with a prime shaft, a needle, means for operating the latter, a loop-takerhavihg a plurality of hooks, a loop-taker shaft, a secondary shaft, means between the prime shaft and secondary shaft for varying the speed of the latter, consistin g of an arrangement of the shafts whereby their a xes will be eccentric relatively, a crank on each shaft having a pin,and a link connecting said pins, and connections be tween the secondary and loop-taker shafts for reducing the number of rotations of the latter relative to the former; substantially as. described.

28. In a sewing-machine, the combination with a driving-shaft having a transverse slot at its forward end, a loop-taker driver pvoted within said slot having actuating-arms, a cam surrounding (he shaft and actnating said driver, of a loop-taker race supported adjacent tl1e driver and carrying a loop-taker having a series of openings for the 1*eception of the arms of the driver, and also having a convex back, and a thread-gnard supported by the driving-shaft adjacent the loop-taker extending lengthwise of the driver and slotted for its reception and passage, said guard loeng curved to conform 170 the convexity of the back of the loop-taker; substantially as described.

2.9. In a sewing-maehine, the combination With the frame thereof, comprising a hanger, of a loop-taker race supported by said hanger, a bobbin-retainer pivoted to said hanger and confined to swingn a plane parallel Wth the wall of the race and provded With a notch in its lower extremity, and a sprng-latch carred by said hanger and codperatng with said notch t0 l1old the retairer in a vertical position; substantially as described.

30. The combination in a sewing-machine, with a reciprocating needle-bar and needle, and a rotary loop-taker l1avng a plurality of hooks, of mechanism f0r actuating thelooptaker, mechanism for mpartingto the needlebar a plurality of reciprocations having a definite ratio With relation to a revolution of the hooks of the loop-taker, means for imparting to the needle-bar a Variable motion during such reciprocations, and a take-up mechan- IOO I O dlebar for beginning the take-up acton, and

means controllel by the loop-taker f01 finish ing the take-up acton; substantally as descrbed.

In testmony whereof I affix my sgnature in presence of two wtnesses.

LANSING ONDERDONK.

Witnesses:

JOHN D. CONVERSE, CHARLES LETTS.

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