US570383A - Gas-generating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) r 0. DELLWI'K GAS GENERATING APPARATUS.

Patented Oct. 2'7, 1896.

Fig.2

NITED STATES PATENT rrrcn.

CARL DELLIVIK, OF ROGERS PARK, ILLINOIS.

GAS-GENERATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 570,383, dated October 27, 1896. Application filed August 14, 1890 Serial No. 362,039. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CARL DELLWIK, asubject of the King of Sweden and Norway, residing at Rogers Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, of which the following is a description. I

This invention relates to a gas-generating apparatus adapted for generating fuelgas composed either of producergas and coalgas or of water-gas and coal-gas combined and converted into a fixed gas.

The object of this invention is to provide improved means for the production of fuelgas from bituminous coal or other fuel containing volatile matter in addition to carbon in solid form. My improvement consists in the novel combination of a gas-generator, a coking chamber or oven in direct communication with the said generator and forming a part of the same, and certain connecting fines and pipes. This coking chamber or oven has a solid inclined floor under which are situated flues, connecting at their upper ends with the coking-chamber and through which the gases from the generator are passed, and in which, if necessary, they are Wholly or partlyburned. By this construction and arrangement I am enabled to heat the bed of fuel deposited on the floor of the coking chamber or oven directly by the hot gases passing over it and also by the heat transmitted through the floor. The entire apparatus is inclosed in a gas-tight shell. In the operation of coking the coal I thus utilize the waste heat of the gases formed in the generator, and, if necessary, also the heat developed by combustion of such gases.

Myimproved generator is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Wl1lGll- Figure 1 represents a vertical section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a cross-section of the coking-chamber and heating-fines below its solid floor on the line :0 w.

The apparatus A is constructed with the generating-chamber A at the bottom, an inclined coking-chamber B, opening freely into the top of the generating-chamber, and with the superheater D, preferably arranged below the coking-chamber. The generator A is provided at the bottom with the usual grate and ash-pit and has connecte with its base or ash-pit the air-supply pipe G, having valve 9, and the gas take-off pipe I, having valve 1'. The outer Wall of generator A is continued at the top in an inclined position, preferably arched internally and forming the roof of the inclined coking-chamber B. The superheater D is inclosed Within a strong brick Wall, which may be supported upon columns Y or upon a masonry foundation and is separated from coking-chamber B by a thick arched partition D. Within the partition D, I construct a number of fines 0, extending in an inclined direction underneath the floor b of cokingchamber 13 and connecting at the top by means of a passage or passages c with the upper end of the coking-chamber B. The inclined floor b of the coking chamber is preferably formed of fire-clay tile and is entirely closed and solid, so that gases passed off from the generator A are compelled to pass through the entire length of chamber B over the body of coal therein, and thence through passage 0 at the top and down through flue 0 below the floor.

The superheater D is preferably filled with loosely-laid brick in the form of checkerwork, supported upon suitable arches or blocks at the bottom, forming fiues or passages, which connect with the lower ends of the inclined fines C. A flue or gas take-off pipe D con-' nects with the top of superheater D, and is provided with a tight-closing lid or valve E. A pipe may lead from said pipe D to a gas holder or to any furnace Where it is desired to burn the gas. A fuelsupply hopper connects With the upper end of coking-chamber B. A number of openings II are formed in the roof of coking-chamber B, and are provided Withtight-fitting lids h. These openings H serve for admitting coal or for the insertion of bars to regulate the body of coal or push it forward into generatorA. An airsupply pipe G, provided with a valve 9, connects by means of a number of inlet-pipes g with the upperends of flue O for supplying air to cause combustion of gases from generator A and chamber B within said flue C when it is desired to highlyheat the floor b of the coking-chamber. A steam-supply pipe S, having valve .9, connects, preferably, with the top of superheater D.

The operation of my apparatus is as follows: A fire having been built in the gener atorA, it is filled with coke or hard coal, and air admitted through pipe G to facilitate combustion. The hot gases pass up through chamber B, down through flues O C, under the floor I), then through superheaterD, and out of the apparatus throu gh flue D,the valve E of which is open. IVhen the gases are sufficiently hot to ignite, air is admitted from pipe G through inlet-pipe g. The combustion takes place largely in flues G O, and the hot gases pass off through the superheater D, thus heating the loose fire-brick contained therein. IVh en the chamber B becomes properly heated, bituminous coal or such fuel as will be used for the continued operations of the apparatus is dropped, by means of hopper F, on the inclined floor b. The fuel slides down and spreads itself on the said floor, leaving an open space between it and the roof of the chamber or oven through which gases from generatorA may pass. Being thus subjected to a high heat from these gases by radiation from the heated roof and by the transmission through the heated floor, the coal rapidly gives off its volatile hydrocarbons, which mix with the gases from generator A. The mixed gases follow the course already described. When the fuel in generator A has become sufficiently heated, the valves in air-supply pipes G and G are closed, valve E is closed, and valve 1' in gas take-off pipe I opened. Steam is then admitted through pipe S, and becoming highly superheated in its passage through superheater D and fines C maintains the dis tillation of volatile matter, such as hydrocarbon gas and vapor, from the fuel in chamber B, and, mixing with the products of distillation, passes down through the body of fuel in generator A, where both the steam and procluets of distillation are wholly or partially decomposed and converted into a mixture of fixed gasses consisting principally of hydrogen, marsh-gas, and carbonic oxid. These gases, passing off through pipe I, may be collected and stored in a holder or used in the ordinary manner.

The body of fuel in generator A becoming cooled off during the process of generation it is necessary, after the temperature has fallen below that required for successful production of water-gas, to shut off the steam, close the gas-outlet I, and open the valves of air-supply pipes G G and valve E for another period of heating up the chambers and flues of the apparatus.

As the fuel in generator A is consumed fresh coked fuel is constantly supplied from chamber B, which can be filled with coal from time to time by means of hopper F without interrupting the operation of the apparatus.

The apparatus may be very successfully used for the continuous production of fuelgas composed of a mixture of producer-gas and coal-gas distilled from the bituminous coal in coking-chamber B. In this case the air-blast is continued through pipe G, at the bottom of generator A but the air-blast is preferably shut off from the top of coking-chamber B by closing valve g in air-supply pipe G, so that the producer-gas from generator A and the coal-gas from coking-chamber B will pass off unburned through fine 0 and thence through the brick checkerwork in superheater D to the gas take-off pipe D. In this operation the brick eheckerwork absorbs a certain proportion of the heat in the hot gases passed through chamber D and thus maintains a more uniform temperature in the floor of coking-chamber B, resultin gin more effectively coking and distilling the coal in such chamber.

In case the fuel becomes caked or clogged in coking-chamber B it may be readily broken up and pushed forward by means of bars inserted in the openings H, so that it will freely feed down into generator A.

IIaving described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In an apparatus formanufacturing gas, the combination with a fuel and generating chamber A, having at its base the air-supply pipe G, of a coking-chamber B, opening freely into the top thereof and having a solid inclined floor, one or more flues (7, connecting at their upper ends with coking-chamber B, and extending below the inclined floor thereof and connecting at their lower ends with an escape-flue, and an air-supply pipe connecting with the upper ends of flue C, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for manufacturing gas, the combination with a fuel and generating chamber A, having at its base a gas-take-off pipe I, and an airsupply pipe G, of a cokingchamber B opening freely into the top of chamber A, and having a solid inclined floor, one or more fines 0, connecting with the upper end of chamber B, and extending below the inclined floor, an air-supply pipe, connectin g with said flue, a superheater D, below and connecting with fine 0, and a steam-supply pipe connecting with such superheater, substantially as described.

CARL DELLIVIK.

\Vitnesscs:

ALFRED LOCKWOOD BROWN, JOHN E. DREW.

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