US5574746A - Melting furnace for thermal treatment of special wastes containing heavy metals and/or dioxin - Google Patents
Melting furnace for thermal treatment of special wastes containing heavy metals and/or dioxin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5574746A US5574746A US08/268,563 US26856394A US5574746A US 5574746 A US5574746 A US 5574746A US 26856394 A US26856394 A US 26856394A US 5574746 A US5574746 A US 5574746A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- melt
- discharge chamber
- melting
- principal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
- C03B5/03—Tank furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/005—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture of glass-forming waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/033—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by using resistance heaters above or in the glass bath, i.e. by indirect resistance heating
- C03B5/0332—Tank furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
- F27D11/04—Ohmic resistance heating with direct passage of current through the material being heated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Definitions
- the invention proceeds from a melting furnace for thermal treatment of heavy metal-containing and/or dioxin-containing special wastes, comprising a furnace vessel, which exhibits a melting tank for holding a melt; at least one feeder for feeding the material to be treated: at least one discharge chamber, which is at a spatial distance from the feeder and which is connected gas-tight via a siphon to the melting tank; at least one first heater, projecting into the interior of the furnace vessel, and at least one second heater projecting into the discharge chamber.
- a melting furnace of this design is known, for example, from the European patent application with the publication number 0 487 770.
- the extraction process occurs frequently from a separate discharge chamber, which is connected gas-tight via a siphon to the actual melting furnace. Thus, poisonous gases are prevented from entering the discharge chamber and thus getting into the environment. During normal operations the melt levels in the melting furnace and in the discharge chamber are equal.
- connection of both normally separately heated furnaces is a critical region especially in phases with small throughput of the material to be vitrified or during the start-up phase. It can happen that the melt gets too cold there and thus no longer flows very readily. The results are undesired differences in the levels in the two furnaces.
- the invention is based on the problem of providing a melting furnace for thermal treatment of special wastes that contain heavy metals and/or dioxin, while ensuring that the free connection between the principal furnace and the discharge chamber is reliably guaranteed.
- bath electrodes With the use of these bath electrodes it is possible to maintain the melt in the region upstream of, in and downstream of the siphon at a sufficiently high temperature that the siphon is prevented by a reliable method from getting clogged in any operating phase; and thus there are no longer any undesired level differences in both furnace regions.
- the bath electrodes can project either laterally and/or also from the bottom into the melt. Laterally arranged bath electrodes are usually easier to push forward, whereas bath electrodes that project starting from the bottom require less space, assuming adequate height of the furnace bottom above the building floor.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view of a melting furnace, comprising a principal furnace and a discharge chamber.
- FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the melting furnace according to FIG. 1 along line AA.
- FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic drawing showing the distribution of pairs of bath electrodes and their electric feed supply, wherein two diametrically opposite bath electrodes are at the same pole of the power supply.
- FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic drawing with only one pair of bath electrodes on one side of the furnace.
- FIG. 5 is a simplified drawing with an alternative configuration of two diametrically opposite bath electrodes.
- FIG. 6 is another alternative design with bath electrodes in the bottom of the melting furnace.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the device for monitoring the height of the bath level of the melt.
- a melting furnace is denoted as 1.
- a metal housing contains bottom wall 2, side walls 3a, 3b, and cover 4 with a lining 5 with side walls 5a, 5b and bottom 5c and cover 5d made of refractory materials, as used, for example, in the construction of glass melting furnaces.
- the bottom part of the vessel interior forms the melting tank.
- the filter dust to be treated is fed to the tank via an inlet 6 by means of a loader, e.g. a conveyor screw, at a front wall of the furnace.
- the melt 8 leaves the actual furnace by way of a siphon at the opposite front wall 10, which for this purpose reaches as far as a passage 9 at the bottom 5c.
- the level N of the melt is below the conveyor screw 7 and above the passage 9.
- the volatile substances, which are released and converted through thermal treatment leave the furnace via a gas outlet 11 (FIG. 2), which is disposed in the upper region of the region of the cover 4 opposite the inlet 6.
- a melting furnace as described above, the process for its operation, the processes that take place in the furnace, and the further treatment of the volatile substances leaving the furnace via the gas outlet 11 constitute the subject matter of the EP-A-0 313 902 or EP-A-0 359 931, to which explicit reference is made here for the purpose of avoiding repetition.
- a report by the gentlemen J. Jochum, H. Jodeit and E. Schmidl with the title "The thermal treatment of residues according to the DEGLOR process” was distributed. Said report was about a pilot plant in Hinwil (Switzerland), which functions according to the aforementioned process.
- This discharge chamber 15 exhibits approximately the same construction as the principal furnace 1 and is heated by means of the second heating elements 16.
- the melt 8 leaves the discharge chamber via an overflow 18 at the chamber wall 5b opposite the siphon 9.
- the region upstream of, in and downstream of the siphon is heated now according to the invention by means of additional heating elements 19, 20, in order to guarantee that the passage 9 of the siphon does not clog.
- additional heating the side wall 5a of both the principal furnace 1 and the discharge chamber 15 has now electrodes 19 or 20, which are disposed above the furnace floor 5c so as to be comparatively sealed, so that they are always covered by the melt.
- the passages 21 are cooled with liquid or rinsed with an inert gas.
- the power for this "siphon heating" is supplied via a transformer 23, which is attached primarily to the normal alternating current network.
- the bath electrodes 19 and 20 are arranged in pairs on each side of the furnace.
- the wiring is run in such a manner that diametrically opposite bath electrodes are at the same pole of the power supply.
- FIGS. 4 and 5- Another possibility--it is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5--provides that only one bath electrode 19 or 20 is arranged in the principal furnace 1 and in the discharge chamber 15, where the pair of bath electrodes can be disposed either on the same furnace side (FIG. 4) or on the opposite furnace side (FIG. 5) or also in the bottom of the principal furnace 1 and in the discharge chamber 15 (FIG. 6).
- the bath electrodes 19 and 20 are attached to the two secondary winding terminals of the transformer 23.
- the bottom electrodes 19 in the principal furnace 1 are run to both clamps of the transformer 23; and the bath electrodes 20 in the discharge chamber 15 are run to both both clamps of the transformer 23.
- a radar ranging system 24 to acquire the height of the bath level of the melt.
- Said radar ranging device is depicted as a schematic drawing in FIG. 7 and on an enlarged scale with respect to FIG. 1.
- the cover of the principal furnace 1 is provided with a circular passage 25, which is closed with respect to the interior of the furnace with a shielding cylinder 26 made of highly temperature-stable material, e.g. ceramic. This material has to be transparent to microwaves.
- a piece of pipe 29 provided with an outer flange 27 and an inner flange 28 is put into the passage and screwed to the cover 4.
- the actual radar ranging system On the inner flange rests the actual radar ranging system, of which only its conical antenna 30 with an opening diameter of 150 mm and its electric and electronic component, which is surrounded by a housing 31, are shown.
- a cover 32 protects the device with respect to external influences.
- the output signal of the radar ranging system 24 is fed to a display and evaluating unit 33, which is integrated into the plant control.
- Radar ranging equipment of this kind is well-known and can be used for the purpose stipulated here in the foreground without any extensive modifications. Only adequate cooling of the mechanical and electric/electronic components has to be provided, e.g. through air cooling of the electric and electronic components, supplemented through liquid cooling of the inner flange 28--indicated by the cooling boreholes 28a in the flange 28--and/or the piece of pipe 29. Furthermore, it must observed that the material properties and also the height of the shielding cylinder are tuned to the wavelength of the radar, in order to avoid reflections.
- the height of the melt bath could be accurately determined to 2 to 3 cm with a radar ranging system having a frequency of 5.8 Ghz and a conical antenna with an opening diameter of 150 mm.
- discharge chamber 15 can also be provided with such radar ranging equipment 24.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ List of Reference Numerals ______________________________________ 1principal melting furnace 2 bottom wall of 1 3 side walls of 1 4 cover of 1 5 lining 6inlet 7conveyor screw 8melt 9 siphon 10 partition between principal furnace anddischarge chamber 15 1112, 16 gas outlet electric heating elements 13protective tubes 14gas chamber 15discharge chamber 1819, 20 overflow bath electrodes 21ceramic passages 22 hood of 19, 20 23transformer 24radar ranging equipment 25 passage into thefurnace cover 26shielding cylinder 27 outer flange of 29 28 inner flange of 29 28a cooling boreholes in 28 29 piece ofpipe 30antenna 31housing 32 cover of 29 33 display and evaluating unit N level of the melt ______________________________________
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4322448A DE4322448A1 (en) | 1993-07-06 | 1993-07-06 | Melting furnace for thermal treatment of heavy metal and / or dioxin-containing special waste |
DE4322448.2 | 1993-07-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5574746A true US5574746A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
Family
ID=6492072
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/268,563 Expired - Fee Related US5574746A (en) | 1993-07-06 | 1994-07-06 | Melting furnace for thermal treatment of special wastes containing heavy metals and/or dioxin |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5574746A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0633441A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07146074A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4322448A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO304202B1 (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5699379A (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-12-16 | Abb K.K. | Deglor furnace |
US5926498A (en) * | 1995-07-03 | 1999-07-20 | Abb Research Ltd. | Melting furnace for the thermal treatment of special waste materials containing heavy metal and/or dioxin |
US5971752A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-10-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sintering plant |
US6010725A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 2000-01-04 | Nestec S.A. | Spray-drying process |
US6299827B1 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2001-10-09 | Abb Alstom Power (Switzerland) Ltd | Apparatus for vitrifying heavy-metal-containing residues having a chlorine content above 10% by mass |
US6339610B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-01-15 | Schott Glas | Glass melting tank and process for melting glass |
KR20030027189A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-04-07 | 김명식 | Electric furnace for manufacturing glass and method for manufacturing glass using the electric furmace |
US20070266914A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Graham Robert G | Method for gasifying solid organic materials and apparatus therefor |
CN101903730A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2010-12-01 | Sms西马格股份公司 | Be used to extract the apparatus and method of metal or metallic compound |
US20160122222A1 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2016-05-05 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Feeder |
CN106370004A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林新艺制冷设备有限责任公司 | Automatic temperature adjusting corundum smelting furnace |
WO2019058038A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-28 | Europlasma | Process and device for vitrification of a powdery material |
WO2020068568A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus and method for mitigating electrochemical attack of precious metal components in a glass making process |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101042548B1 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2011-06-20 | 주식회사 쎄코텍 | Furnace using microwave |
KR100925167B1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-11-05 | 에스제이산업주식회사 | Melting and Holding furnace |
EP2564141B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2023-11-08 | Hatch Ltd | Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace |
AT516735B1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-08-15 | Destra Gmbh | Melting furnace for the production of a stone melt |
CN105135882B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-10-20 | 海门华夏时丽网络科技服务有限公司 | A kind of remote control corundum smelting stove |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2331052A (en) * | 1941-11-27 | 1943-10-05 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Method of refining molten glass |
US2413037A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1946-12-24 | Corning Glass Works | Electric glass melting furnace |
US2490339A (en) * | 1946-09-30 | 1949-12-06 | Corning Glass Works | Electric glass melting furnace and process |
US4345106A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-08-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Method of and apparatus for detecting the level of molten glass in a glass melting furnace |
EP0487770A1 (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-06-03 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Smelting furnace for the heat treatment of waste comprising heavy metals and/or dioxine |
Family Cites Families (14)
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DE832986C (en) * | 1949-03-15 | 1952-03-03 | Ferro Enamel Corp | Method and device for the production of enamel |
US2902524A (en) * | 1955-10-26 | 1959-09-01 | Stratabar Process Company | Method and apparatus for producing molten silicates |
NL211341A (en) * | 1956-10-25 | |||
CS178528B1 (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1977-10-31 | Vaclav Suesser | Method of protecting metal heating electrodes of melting furnaces and device for improving this method |
SU616507A1 (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1978-07-25 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4696 | Induction furnace for smelting and processing of metal |
DE2745251C2 (en) * | 1977-10-07 | 1986-07-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for non-contact measurement of the level of the melt in a metallurgical melting vessel |
US4351057A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-09-21 | Biuro Projektow Przemyslu Metali Niezelaznych "Bipromet" | Electric installation for heating of molten metals and/or salts and solutions |
CH673956A5 (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1990-04-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
SU1585637A1 (en) * | 1988-06-15 | 1990-08-15 | Московский институт стали и сплавов | Two-chamber ore-smelting furnace for processing materials |
DE3827086A1 (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-15 | Atzger Juergen | Process and apparatus for thermal decontamination of filter dusts and other residues |
DE58903943D1 (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1993-05-06 | Asea Brown Boveri | METHOD FOR SEPARATING VAPOROUS HEAVY METAL COMPOUNDS FROM A CARRIER GAS, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD. |
JPH077102B2 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1995-01-30 | 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 | Melt furnace for waste treatment and its heating method |
SU1719838A1 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1992-03-15 | Пензенский Политехнический Институт | Reverberate shaft furnace for melting aluminum and aluminum alloys |
DE9206502U1 (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1992-10-01 | Jenaer Schmelztechnik Jodeit GmbH, O-6905 Jena | Melting device |
-
1993
- 1993-07-06 DE DE4322448A patent/DE4322448A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-06-04 EP EP94108587A patent/EP0633441A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-07-04 JP JP6152416A patent/JPH07146074A/en active Pending
- 1994-07-04 NO NO942518A patent/NO304202B1/en unknown
- 1994-07-06 US US08/268,563 patent/US5574746A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2331052A (en) * | 1941-11-27 | 1943-10-05 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Method of refining molten glass |
US2413037A (en) * | 1943-09-18 | 1946-12-24 | Corning Glass Works | Electric glass melting furnace |
US2490339A (en) * | 1946-09-30 | 1949-12-06 | Corning Glass Works | Electric glass melting furnace and process |
US4345106A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-08-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Method of and apparatus for detecting the level of molten glass in a glass melting furnace |
EP0487770A1 (en) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-06-03 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Smelting furnace for the heat treatment of waste comprising heavy metals and/or dioxine |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5926498A (en) * | 1995-07-03 | 1999-07-20 | Abb Research Ltd. | Melting furnace for the thermal treatment of special waste materials containing heavy metal and/or dioxin |
US5699379A (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-12-16 | Abb K.K. | Deglor furnace |
US6010725A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 2000-01-04 | Nestec S.A. | Spray-drying process |
US6299827B1 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2001-10-09 | Abb Alstom Power (Switzerland) Ltd | Apparatus for vitrifying heavy-metal-containing residues having a chlorine content above 10% by mass |
US5971752A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-10-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sintering plant |
US6339610B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-01-15 | Schott Glas | Glass melting tank and process for melting glass |
DE19924521C2 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2003-04-30 | Schott Glas | Process for melting glass |
KR20030027189A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-04-07 | 김명식 | Electric furnace for manufacturing glass and method for manufacturing glass using the electric furmace |
US20070266914A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Graham Robert G | Method for gasifying solid organic materials and apparatus therefor |
CN101903730A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2010-12-01 | Sms西马格股份公司 | Be used to extract the apparatus and method of metal or metallic compound |
CN101903730B (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2013-12-25 | Sms西马格股份公司 | Device and method for obtaining metals or metal compounds |
US20160122222A1 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2016-05-05 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Feeder |
CN106370004A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林新艺制冷设备有限责任公司 | Automatic temperature adjusting corundum smelting furnace |
WO2019058038A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-28 | Europlasma | Process and device for vitrification of a powdery material |
FR3071493A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-29 | Europlasma | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VITRIFICATION OF A PULVERULENT MATERIAL |
CN111819158A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-10-23 | 欧洲等离子公司 | Method and device for vitrifying a powdery material |
WO2020068568A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus and method for mitigating electrochemical attack of precious metal components in a glass making process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07146074A (en) | 1995-06-06 |
NO304202B1 (en) | 1998-11-09 |
EP0633441A1 (en) | 1995-01-11 |
DE4322448A1 (en) | 1995-01-12 |
NO942518D0 (en) | 1994-07-04 |
NO942518L (en) | 1995-01-09 |
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