US5536561A - Straight webs and process of making - Google Patents
Straight webs and process of making Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5536561A US5536561A US08/035,616 US3561693A US5536561A US 5536561 A US5536561 A US 5536561A US 3561693 A US3561693 A US 3561693A US 5536561 A US5536561 A US 5536561A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strips
- layer
- strip
- straight
- bend
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
- B32B7/035—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/144—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers using layers with different mechanical or chemical conditions or properties, e.g. layers with different thermal shrinkage, layers under tension during bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
- B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]
- Y10T428/1341—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/269—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/31739—Nylon type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to plastic film, such as biaxially oriented plastic film, and to methods of making such film so that the film exhibits a high degree of straightness.
- Biaxially oriented plastic film such as PET, nylon, polypropylene, PVC, etc.
- plotters such as electrographic plotters, pen plotters, laser plotters, etc.
- the film is pulled through the plotter as lines are inscribed thereon.
- the lines formed on the film would also bend, whereby the linear lengths of the lines would be reduced.
- a shortening of even ten mils per one hundred inches of line length may be unacceptable in certain situations. As an example, such a situation arises in the making of drawings for aircraft parts requiring tight manufacturing tolerances.
- film formed of biaxially oriented PET is typically formed by a technique in which PET material is stretched biaxially, i.e., stretched in the machine direction as well as the cross direction, in the process of being formed into a sheet 10 of film of given width W (see FIG. 1). The film is then cut lengthwise into strips 12 of narrower width W' and processed into a final product, such as electrographic film.
- each individual strip will inherently tend to bend within its own plane, as shown in a somewhat exaggerated manner in FIG. 2. (It is possible that a strip cut from the center of the sheet would not exhibit such a bending tendency if the center of stress of the sheet happened to coincide exactly with the longitudinal center of the strip cut therefrom and if the stress profile were symmetric about the longitudinal center of the web.) If a strip exhibiting such a bending tendency were passed through an electrographic plotter, the strip would be temporarily straightened by the tension applied by the feed mechanism, so that straight lines would be inscribed thereon by the plotter. However, once removed from the plotter, the strip would reassume its curved configuration, whereby the lines would become unacceptably shortened and two lines of originally equal length would become unacceptably unequal in length.
- the present invention involves a multi-layered web comprising a first layer of plastic film characterized by an inherent tendency to bend within its own plane, and a second layer of material adhered to the first layer and counteracting the tendency thereof to bend, so that the web is straight.
- the second layer preferably comprises a second layer of plastic film characterized by an inherent tendency to bend within its own plane in a direction opposite the first layer, so that the bending tendencies of the first and second layers oppose and counteract one another.
- Those first and second layers can be adhered together by an adhesive material disposed therebetween.
- the first and second layers can be directly fused together.
- the second layer may comprise a coating applied to one or both sides of the first layer.
- the invention also pertains to a method of producing a multi-layered web comprising the steps of:
- step B adhering to the first layer a second layer of material
- step B terminating step B such that the second layer counteracts the bending tendency of the first layer and maintains the web straight.
- the first and second layers comprise first and second strips of plastic film, respectively, each strip characterized by an inherent tendency to bend within its own plane.
- Step B comprises holding the first and second strips straight and in superimposed relationship such that the bending tendencies of the strips are oriented opposite one another.
- Step C may comprise introducing an adhesive material between the strips, or Step C may comprise directly fusing the first and second strips together.
- Step C may comprise coating one or both sides of the first layer with a second layer comprised of a coating material that is sufficiently stiff to counteract the bending tendency of the first layer.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prior art sheet of biaxially oriented polymeric film
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a strip cut from the sheet of FIG. 1 and characterized by an inherent tendency to bend within its own plane;
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a multi-layered web according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is an end view of the web depicted in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 4 is an alternative end view of the web depicted in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of two strips of film arranged one above the other, the strips characterized by a tendency to bend within their respective planes, the strips oriented such that the respective bending tendencies are opposed to one another, phantom lines depict the strips being longitudinally tensioned so as to assume a straight orientation;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic side elevational view of an apparatus for longitudinally tensioning the strips depicted in FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7A is an end view of an alternative web according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is an end view of yet another embodiment of a web according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 and 4A Depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4A is a straight web 20 formed in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
- That web is a multi-layered web which includes first and second strips 12A, 12B of biaxially oriented flexible polymer film such as PET, nylon, polypropylene, PVC, etc., and a bonding adhesive 24 sandwiched between the strips 12A, 12B to adhere the strips together in superimposed relationship.
- the strips can be of any suitable thickness, e.g., from 0.4 to 10 mil thickness.
- Each strip 12A, 12B has been manufactured by the earlier-described biaxial stretching method and exhibits an inherent tendency to bend (i.e., to assume a curved configuration) within its own plane (as shown in FIG. 2).
- those tendencies are effectively resisted so that the web itself remains straight due to a process which includes (a) arranging the strips 12A, 12B in superimposed relationship such that their bending tendencies are oppositely directed (as represented in solid lines in FIG. 5), (b) straightening the strips 12A, 12B by applying and maintaining a tension on the strips (as represented by phantom lines in FIG. 5), and (c) adhering the strips 12A, 12B together while the straightening forces are maintained.
- the inherent and oppositely-directed bending tendencies of the two strips 12A, 12B counteract one another, such that the straightness of the web 20 is "locked-in".
- the strips are adhered together by the layer of adhesive 24.
- the strips 12A, 12B could be fused directly together by a heat sealing technique or by radiation curing to form a web 20' as shown in FIG. 4B.
- the straightening of the strips 12A, 12B is accomplished by placing the strips in longitudinal tension by the application of tensile forces T (see FIG. 5). Such a straightening step per se does not permanently straighten the strips (i.e., the strips 12A, 12B would re-assume their curved configurations if the tensile forces were removed prior to the adhering step). Therefore, the tensile forces are maintained while the strips 12A, 12B are adhered together.
- One of various possible ways of longitudinally tensioning the strips 12A, 12B involves unwinding the strips onto a master roller 34 from respective superimposed carrier rollers 30, 32 while applying a braking force B to each carrier roller 30, 32 (see FIG. 6).
- the unwound adhesive 24 is injected between the strips by a nozzle 36 to form the web 20 shown in FIG. 4A, or the heat-sealing step is performed which directly fuses the strips together to form the web 20' shown in FIG. 4B.
- the adhesive 24 may comprise any suitable adhesive, such as polyethylene, inomer, epoxy resin, etc., and can be applied as a hot melt or a cold pressure-sensitive adhesive. If a cold pressure-sensitive adhesive is employed, then the strips 12A, 12B should be pressed against one another, e.g., by passing the strips between nip rollers 38, 39 shown in FIG. 6. The adhesive layer will aid in holding the web 20 flat.
- each strip 12A, 12B become straightened.
- the longer of the two edges, i.e., the convex edges CE (see FIG. 2), will initially become wrinkled during the straightening step. Then, the wrinkles will be removed when the strips have become suitably straightened. Hence, sufficient tension should be applied to remove the wrinkles in order to ensure straightness.
- the degree of straightness exhibited by the thus-formed web 20 or 20' depends upon a number of factors, including the elastic moduli and thickness of the strips, and how closely the curvatures of the strips 12A, 12B match. If a high degree of straightness is not required, strips with different degrees of curvature could be adhered together.
- strips 12A, 12B which have been manufactured sequentially during the biaxial stretching technique, because such strips will possess virtually identical bending characteristics.
- a strip 12 shown in FIG. 2 could be cut transversely in half along cut line 34 to produce the two shorter strips 12A, 12B which are to be adhered together.
- Those strips 12A, 12B constitute sequentially manufactured strips.
- a web 20 was made by adhering together two strips of 2.65 mil thick strips of polyester using a hot melt adhesive of low density polyethylene therebetween. The adhesive was applied in a thickness of 1.0 mil.
- a second preferred embodiment of the present invention involves the use of only one strip 12 which is placed under a strip-straightening tension while having applied thereto a layer 42 of coating material on only one side (see FIG. 7A) or on both sides (see FIG. 7B).
- a layer 42 of coating material on only one side (see FIG. 7A) or on both sides (see FIG. 7B).
- the coating layers(s) 42 cures and solidifies, the tension is released, whereupon the coating layer "locks-in" the straightness of the strip to form a straight web 40 (FIG. 7A) or 40' (FIG. 7B).
- the coating can be applied in any conventional manner, such as extrusion coating, solvent coating, etc.
- the coating itself can comprise any suitable material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, epoxy, etc.
- the coating can be of the same material as the strip, or different therefrom.
- the coating(s) is applied in a sufficient thickness to ensure that the coating(s) will be sufficiently stiff, i.e., preferably at least as stiff as the strip 12, to effectively resist the inherent bending tendency of the strip.
- the degree of straightness of the web 40 or 40' depends on a variety of factors, including the elastic modulus and thickness of the strip 12, and also on the degree of inherent curvature of the strip 12.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/035,616 US5536561A (en) | 1993-03-23 | 1993-03-23 | Straight webs and process of making |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/035,616 US5536561A (en) | 1993-03-23 | 1993-03-23 | Straight webs and process of making |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5536561A true US5536561A (en) | 1996-07-16 |
Family
ID=21883777
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/035,616 Expired - Fee Related US5536561A (en) | 1993-03-23 | 1993-03-23 | Straight webs and process of making |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5536561A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7241355B1 (en) * | 2000-09-03 | 2007-07-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Laminated image printing method |
US20080081164A1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US20080081123A1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
CN113784842A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-12-10 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | Dimensionally stable recyclable plastic package |
US11479158B2 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2022-10-25 | Fg Products, Inc. | Divider panel systems and methods for their manufacturing and installation |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4652409A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1987-03-24 | Bakelite Xylonite Limited | Web-stretching process |
US4963209A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1990-10-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method for making stretched surface recording disk |
US5225139A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1993-07-06 | Plasticos Polyfilm S.A. | Process for the manufacturing of a mechanically conditioned thermoplastic film with biaxially recoverable stresses |
-
1993
- 1993-03-23 US US08/035,616 patent/US5536561A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4652409A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1987-03-24 | Bakelite Xylonite Limited | Web-stretching process |
US4963209A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1990-10-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method for making stretched surface recording disk |
US5225139A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1993-07-06 | Plasticos Polyfilm S.A. | Process for the manufacturing of a mechanically conditioned thermoplastic film with biaxially recoverable stresses |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7241355B1 (en) * | 2000-09-03 | 2007-07-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Laminated image printing method |
US20080081164A1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US20080081123A1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US7998534B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2011-08-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US8647556B2 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2014-02-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US10384231B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2019-08-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for controlling curl in multi-layer webs |
US11479158B2 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2022-10-25 | Fg Products, Inc. | Divider panel systems and methods for their manufacturing and installation |
CN113784842A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-12-10 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | Dimensionally stable recyclable plastic package |
CN113784842B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2024-05-17 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | Dimensionally stable recyclable plastic package |
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