US550079A - Herman e - Google Patents
Herman e Download PDFInfo
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- US550079A US550079A US550079DA US550079A US 550079 A US550079 A US 550079A US 550079D A US550079D A US 550079DA US 550079 A US550079 A US 550079A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000588 Gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J Chrome alum Chemical compound [K]OS(=O)(=O)O[Cr]1OS(=O)(=O)O1 OIDPCXKPHYRNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JIVZKJJQOZQXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tolazoline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=NCCN1 JIVZKJJQOZQXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000382509 Vania Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010025899 gelatin film Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002312 tolazoline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
- G03C11/08—Varnishing, e.g. application of protective layers on finished photographic prints
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improvement in photography, and more particularly to means for producing photographs and photoengravings possessing a novel and striking effect.
- Figure 1 represents aperspective view of a compound negative formed according to my invention
- Fig. 2 represents a transverse section thereof.
- I also form a mixture composed of about thirty ounces of soft gelatin, twelve ounces of sugar, ninety ounces of water, to which is added after the gelatin is dissolved about one-sixth dram of India ink.
- This mixture is spread upon a sheet of photographic or any other paper, and after it has thoroughly set it is sensitized by immersion in a bath composed of about three ounces of potassium bichromate, seventy grains of ammonium carbonate, and one hundred ounces of water.
- the backed and sensitized gelatinous film is thoroughly dried and cut up into proper sizes.
- the negative is immersed in cold water and its face is brought into optical eontaet with the printed gelatinous film. All the water is expelled between the two surfaces by the pressure of a squeegee, and after a few minutes the film will have set and united with the negative.
- the negative is in this condition placed in a tray containing water which is heated to about 85 to 14:0 Fahrenheit. After a short time the paper backing will become loosened and may be drawn off. The negative is now washed until all the gelatin which has not been affected by the light, and has consequently remained. soluble, is washed away.
- a backed film containing printed lines, dots, and stipples is formed in the manner already described; but in lieu of being attached to a negative it is attached to a sheet of transfer-paper made as follows: A sheet 7 of smooth white paper of sufficient strength is immersed in a saturated solution composed of about four parts of unbleached shellac, four parts powdered boraX, and thirtyfive parts hot Water. After being removed and dried the paper is rubbed over with a composition consisting of about one part of wax, one part of rosin, and fifty parts of turpentin or benzolin.
- the gelatinous film is brought into contact with the transfer-paper in a cold-water bath and a squeegee is applied to expel the water and intimately connect the film to the paper.
- the product is then placed in a hot bath, the backing is removed, and the coated paper is washed until the soluble gelatin is washed away, while the insoluble gelatin will remain attached to the transfer-paper.
- This paper provided with the reticulated insoluble gelatinous coating having the lines, dots, or stipples is newcomplete and forms a practically imperishable article of merchandise that may be used at any subsequent convenient time.
- To use this paper I I take an ordinary negative, whether produced by the wet or dry process, and coat its film side with a saturated solution of guttapereha.
- the gutta-percha After the gutta-percha has set, it is coated with a solution composed of about five parts of gelatin, one-half part of chrome-a1 um solution, and ninety-four and one-half parts of water.
- the negative thus treated and the film on the transfer-paper are both immersed in cold water and are brought face to face and squeezed into optical contact with each other. ⁇ Vhen the compound plate thus pro **d has set and become thoroughly dry, the transfer-paper may be drawn. off. The transfer-paper comes off with the slightest pull. This is due to the fact that 011 drying the waxed paper will contract and puckcr up, so that it becomes practically detached.
- I must of course first obtain a compound negative, which I make in the following manner: Sheets of transferpaper are first made in the manner described, some containing a gelatinous coating with dots only, others a gelatinous coating with lines only, and others a gelatinous coating with stipples only.
- the negative is then prepared with the gutta-percha solution as de scribed; but in place of coating the entire surface with gelatin and chrome alum I brush such solution only over a certain part of the negativesay the background.
- I place the negative in cold water to soften the part where the gelatin has been applied. I also moisten the film containing the lines only and bring it into contact with the negative in the manner already previously described. lVhen the negative is dry, the transfer-paper is removed and the film containing the lines will thus be attached to that part of the negative only which had been brushed over with the gelatinous solution.
- ⁇ Vhat I claim is 1.
- a reticulated gelatin film composed of lines, dots, or stipples of insoluble gelatin and secured to a negative, substantially as specified.
- a compound negative comprising an original negative and, secured thereon, a plurality of opaque gelatinous films having different patterns printed upon them and located adjacent to each other, substantially as described.
- a compound negative consisting of an original negative and, intimately connected therewith, a gelatinous coating marked with lines, dots, or stipples for producing the effect of an engraving, substantially as described.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
o Model.)
H. E. MENDELSSOHN. MEANS FOR PRODUCING PHOTOGRAPHS BESEMBLING ENGRAVINGS;
Patented Nov. 19,1895;
ono o o I I I I In Vania)".- Wilrzeases: Z. WWW Xm @ea/fw A M $2 ANDREW B GRAHAM. PHOTO-WHO. WASHINGTON, D11
UNiTEn STATES HERMAN E.
MENDELSSOHN,
OF NElV YORK, N. Y.
MEANS FOR PRODUCING PHOTOGRAPHS RESEMBLING ENGRAVINGS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,079, elated November 19, 1895.
Application filed e 6, 1895. Serial No. 551,877. (No modelJ To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, HERMAN E. MENDELS: SOHN, a British subject, residing at New York city, New York, have invented a Means for Producing Photographs Resembling Engravings, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improvement in photography, and more particularly to means for producing photographs and photoengravings possessing a novel and striking effect.
By my invention I am enabled to produce photographs and photo-engravings possessing the appearance of high-class e'ngravings that is to say, the prints will contain the lines, dots, or stipples usually found in engravings, and will, moreover, retain all the h alf-tones of the original negative. This result is accomplished by forming a compound negative, which consists of an original negative and of a printed gelatinous coating intimately secured thereto, and by printing from such compound negative.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents aperspective view of a compound negative formed according to my invention, and Fig. 2 represents a transverse section thereof.
In carrying my invention into effect I pro-- ceed as follows:
First. I produce a copy or print on paper from an engraved or etched plate, lithograph, zincograph, or electrotype, containing in negative lines, dots, stipples, or other pattern that usually appears on an engraving. From the copy or print thus obtained a negative is taken in the usual manner.
Second. I also form a mixture composed of about thirty ounces of soft gelatin, twelve ounces of sugar, ninety ounces of water, to which is added after the gelatin is dissolved about one-sixth dram of India ink. This mixture is spread upon a sheet of photographic or any other paper, and after it has thoroughly set it is sensitized by immersion in a bath composed of about three ounces of potassium bichromate, seventy grains of ammonium carbonate, and one hundred ounces of water. The backed and sensitized gelatinous film is thoroughly dried and cut up into proper sizes.
Third. The films formed in the above man nor are exposed to light under the negative containing the lines, dots, or stipples, the eX- posure being timed preferably by an actinometer. After proper exposure the print is immersed in cold water to become soft.
Fourth. I take an ordinary negative produced in the usual manner, and from which a print containing my novel effect is to be obtained. This negative is coated with a solu tion composed of about ninety-five parts of turpentin and five parts of rosin, and is allowed to dry.
Fifth. The negative is immersed in cold water and its face is brought into optical eontaet with the printed gelatinous film. All the water is expelled between the two surfaces by the pressure of a squeegee, and after a few minutes the film will have set and united with the negative. The negative is in this condition placed in a tray containing water which is heated to about 85 to 14:0 Fahrenheit. After a short time the paper backing will become loosened and may be drawn off. The negative is now washed until all the gelatin which has not been affected by the light, and has consequently remained. soluble, is washed away. These particles of gelatin, however, which have been affected by light, and have thereby been rendered insoluble, will not be affected by the washing and will remain inseparably united with the negative. The result will therefore be a compound negative A, composed of a reticulated translucent, gelatinous coating a, containing lines, dots, and stipples, and of an original negative I), to which such coating is intimately secured.
Sixth. From this compound negative the pictures are now printed in the ordinary photographic manner on photographic paper or other substance, and will have the appearance of finely-executed engravings. Owing to the exceeding thinness of the film, its reticulated condition, and the fact that it is inseparably united to the negative, none of the details or half-tones of the negative are lost by the transmission of light through the film while printing, and therefore the product will possess a high artistic value.
The process above described is to be practiced when the gelatinous film is to be used shortly after the lines, dots, and stipples have been printed upon it. Such a film when stored would after a time become insoluble in all its parts, and thus could not be used in the manner described.
In order to produce a p erman ent printed film, which forms a new article of merchandise and which may be used at any convenient time, I proceed as follows: A backed film containing printed lines, dots, and stipples is formed in the manner already described; but in lieu of being attached to a negative it is attached to a sheet of transfer-paper made as follows: A sheet 7 of smooth white paper of sufficient strength is immersed in a saturated solution composed of about four parts of unbleached shellac, four parts powdered boraX, and thirtyfive parts hot Water. After being removed and dried the paper is rubbed over with a composition consisting of about one part of wax, one part of rosin, and fifty parts of turpentin or benzolin. The gelatinous film is brought into contact with the transfer-paper in a cold-water bath and a squeegee is applied to expel the water and intimately connect the film to the paper. The product is then placed in a hot bath, the backing is removed, and the coated paper is washed until the soluble gelatin is washed away, while the insoluble gelatin will remain attached to the transfer-paper. This paper provided with the reticulated insoluble gelatinous coating having the lines, dots, or stipples is newcomplete and forms a practically imperishable article of merchandise that may be used at any subsequent convenient time. To use this paper I take an ordinary negative, whether produced by the wet or dry process, and coat its film side with a saturated solution of guttapereha. After the gutta-percha has set, it is coated with a solution composed of about five parts of gelatin, one-half part of chrome-a1 um solution, and ninety-four and one-half parts of water. The negative thus treated and the film on the transfer-paper are both immersed in cold water and are brought face to face and squeezed into optical contact with each other. \Vhen the compound plate thus pro duced has set and become thoroughly dry, the transfer-paper may be drawn. off. The transfer-paper comes off with the slightest pull. This is due to the fact that 011 drying the waxed paper will contract and puckcr up, so that it becomes practically detached. Thus a compound negative is formed which consists of the original negative and of the inseparable reticulated gelatinous coating containing the lines, dots, or stipples. This compound negative is therefore a substantial equivalent of the negative produced by my first described process, and when printed from will produce a picture resembling a high-class engraving.
By my invention I .may also produce prints containing a variegated pattern. IIere part of the print, such as the face, contains the dots, another part, such as the background, contains the lines, and another part, such as the figure or drapery, contains the stipples. To produce this print, I must of course first obtain a compound negative, which I make in the following manner: Sheets of transferpaper are first made in the manner described, some containing a gelatinous coating with dots only, others a gelatinous coating with lines only, and others a gelatinous coating with stipples only. The negative is then prepared with the gutta-percha solution as de scribed; but in place of coating the entire surface with gelatin and chrome alum I brush such solution only over a certain part of the negativesay the background. After the solution is set I place the negative in cold water to soften the part where the gelatin has been applied. I also moisten the film containing the lines only and bring it into contact with the negative in the manner already previously described. lVhen the negative is dry, the transfer-paper is removed and the film containing the lines will thus be attached to that part of the negative only which had been brushed over with the gelatinous solution. In a similar manner a film containing the dots only is attached to the face of the negative, and finally a film containing the stipplcs only is attached to the figure or drapery of the negative. Thus a compound negative is formed having different patterns on different parts and producing a correspondinglymarked print of fine effect.
By my invention I am thus enabled to form photographic prints resembling finely-executed engravings. The reticulated gelatin ous coating adhering intimately to the negative offers practically no resistance to the light, and thus the prints will show the pattern of the superposed film and also the full beauty of the negative, as none of its half-tones will have become obscured or impaired.
\Vhat I claim is 1. A reticulated gelatin film composed of lines, dots, or stipples of insoluble gelatin and secured to a negative, substantially as specified.
2. A compound negative comprising an original negative and, secured thereon, a plurality of opaque gelatinous films having different patterns printed upon them and located adjacent to each other, substantially as described.
3. As a novel article of manufacture, a sheet of transfer paper havin secured thereon a discontinuously opaque gelatinous film, the interstices or translucent portions form ing the positive of the lines, dots, or stipples, which produce the effect of an engraving, substantially as described.
4. A compound negative consisting of an original negative and, intimately connected therewith, a gelatinous coating marked with lines, dots, or stipples for producing the effect of an engraving, substantially as described.
II. E. I'IEN'DELSSOHN.
Witnesses:
WILLIAM SCHULZ, F. v. BRIESEN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US550079A true US550079A (en) | 1895-11-19 |
Family
ID=2618822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US550079D Expired - Lifetime US550079A (en) | Herman e |
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US (1) | US550079A (en) |
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- US US550079D patent/US550079A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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