US527656A - Separator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model'.)

J. E. BORCHARD. SEPARATOB..

No. 527,656. Paten te ont; 16,1894.`

NITED STATES' PATENT. OFFICE.

JOHN EDWARD BOROHARD, OF NEW JERUSALEM, CALIFORNIA.

SEPARATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters :Patent N0. 527,656, dated October 16, 1894.

' Application filed ,Tune 19, 1.894. Serial No. 515,034. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN EDWARD BORGH- ARD, of New Jerusalem, in the county of Ventura and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Separator, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. Y

My invention relates to that class of machines used in separating one kind of seed from another, and also for removing dirt and refuse.

The principal object of the invention is to separate the smooth from the rough particles of any material which is composed of particles of different degrees of smoothness, and the especial object of the invention is to separate dirt and other foreign particles from grain, and particularly from oval shaped grain, such as canary seed, flax, or leguminous seeds.

My invention consists in feeding material composed of particles of different degrees of smoothness, between two opposite sides of two oppositely revolving inclined rollers'of different sizes, each of'which rollers is made to maintain a dierent degreeof inclination from the other, the surfaces'of the rollers being preferably roughened to produce a separation of particles having a less lcohesive affinity for a roughened roller from those particles having a greater cohesive affinity therefor.

The invention also consists in connection with the above, of means for guiding the material to such a point on the larger roller where the tenacious tendency of those particles having the greater cohesive aiiinity will be stronger, thereby effecting and maintain-y ing their separation.

The invention further consists in the novel shape of the smaller roller, which may be designated as a guide roller, the said guide roller being concaved longitudinally.

The invention consists in the novel .construction and combination of the several parts, as willbe hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specilication, in which similar figures and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a perspective view -of the machine. v Fig. 2 is a partial plan and partial horizontal section, the section being taken above the rollers. Fig. 3 is an end view of a portion of the frame and of the two rollers.

'In carrying out the invention the frame of 'the' machine consists of two upright head standards 10, connected by cross bars 11, cor, responding foot standards l2 connected by suitable cross bars 13, and side bars 14which connect thel foot and head standards. frame is adapted to carry two rollers A and B, one of therollers being of greater diameter than the other.

This l The roller A, which is the larger in diameextends from its upper end to a point a, near its lower end, and frolnthe said point a to thelower extremity of the roller the smooth surface 15a of the roller is exposed.

' The second or guide'roll'er B is of less diameter than the larger roller, and is concaved longitudinally, the concavity extending from end toy end, the roller A being of the same diameter throughout. The guide roller B is likewise provided with a covering 16 of a suitable material, and the said covering is made to extend from end to end thereof. The covering, however, is provided with a smooth section 16? at its lower or foot end, corresponding in length preferably tothe length of the exposed portion of the roller A, the plain surface of the roller B being made toface the plain surface of the roller A. From the termination a of the plain surface of the covering of the guide roller to the 'opposite orI upper IOO of the foot of the-frame, the inclination dif tering from the inclination of the main roller A, since the head end of the guide roller is usually higher than that of the main roller; and the foot end of the guide roller is likewise more elevated than the corresponding portion of the main roller, and is carried inward toward the main roller in such manner that the guide roller will have more or less of aspiral relation to the main roller. The guide roller is journaled in boxes 17, which are preferably mounted upon inclined planes 18, located upon the frame at the foot and at the head, the boxes being adjustable upon the said inclined planes through the medium of attached adjusting screws 19, or equivalent devices; and the two rollers are driven in opposite directions, one at a greater speed than the other, which may be accomplished in any suitable or approved manner, the driving mechanism in the drawings consisting of a gear wheel 20, secured to.the head end of the larger roller and turned through the medium of a crank 21, or its equivalent, the said gear meshing with the gear 22, attached to the head end of the smaller or guide roller B.

The material to be separated is fed to the rollers through the medium of a hopper 25, 3

caved longitudinally is to admit of its being which is provided usually with a delivery tube 26, which may be led to any point between the rollers. Between the two plain surfaces of the rollers an opening 27, is formed, which is adapted as an exit for the seed separated from those which are not intendedfor use. Thus while the proper material will fall through the discharge opening 27 between the rollers, the larger material, or that of improper size will be carried forward to and over the foot end of the rollers. The discharge opening may be made larger or smaller in width according to the adjustment of the boxes in which the guide roller is mounted.

The operation of the machine is substantially as follows: The main roller A being put in motion in the direction indicated by the arrows, will cause the guide roller to rotate at a much higher rate of speed, and the material to be operated upon is fed between the rollers from the hopper at the upper portion of the machine. The motion of the main roller A and the inclination at which it is set, together with the rapid motion of the periphery of the guide roller, cause the material to work downward toward the lower end of the rollers, and in so doing, owing to the oval shape of the material, the latter assumes an upright position, as shown in Fig. 3, and in this position continues downward until the material reaches the widened portion of the discharge opening 27 between the plain surj faces of the rollers, through which opening l been removed in the following manner: The

fine dirt and sand will fall directly through the narrow space between the two rollers. The twigs, hard hulls, half-beans, -cracked seeds, and refuse of like nature, are caught by the roughened surface of the main roller A, are carried over the said roller and are deposited in proper receptacles which may be placed at the side of the machine, while stones, lumps of dirt, and seed of more spherical form will be carried on down over the ends of the rollers and there discharged. Owing to the hard smooth surface of the perfect seed, which seed is designed to fall through the discharge opening 27, the rough surface of themain roller A does not act upon it with sufficient cohesion to carry it over, as it does the rougher surfaced material.

The object of the smaller or guide roller being roughened for a portion of its length only is, that taken together with the rapid motion of the periphery of the said guide roller it will cause the material to become more agitated during its downward course at the discharge opening, thereby affording more opportunity for the roughened surface of the main roller to catch the rough surfaced material.

The object of the guide roller B being conelevated at its lower end and yet leave the space between the two rollers of a uniform width the entire length of their roughened surfaces, which is accomplished by placing the guide roller in such a position with relation to the large roller that said guide roller `will have assumed a somewhat spiral relation `some means be guided to that point on the main roller where, owing to the less acuteangle of the periphery of the latter, its rough surface may catch up the refuse, dsc., and carry it over, and at the same time not carry over the perfect seed. The nearer to the horizontal center of the main roller the material can be fed, the less thepercent-age of perfect seed that will be carried over the main roller.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In a separator, a frame, a main cylinder or roller having a longitudinal inclination in direction of the forks of the frame and mounted to revolve, the said roller having a portion of its periphery roughened, a guide roller concaved longitudinally, having likewise a longitudinal inclination from the head IOO IIO

of the frame downward and mounted to revolve contiguous to the main roller, and a' driving connection between the two rollers, whereby one will be driven at a greater speed than the other, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a separator, a frame, a main rollerjournaled therein and having a longitudinal inclination, the said main roller being provided with a roughened surface extending from its higher end to a predetermined point near its lower end, the lower peripheral portion of the roller being smooth, a guide roller of less diameterthan the main roller and longitudinally concaved, the said roller being journaled contiguous to the main roller, the guide roller having its surface roughened and a part Arendered plain, corresponding to the surfaces of the main roller, whereby a discharge opening is formed between the plain surfaces of the two rollers, and a driving mechanism whereby the concaved roller is driven at a greater rate of speed than the main roller, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a separator, a frame, a main roller journaled in the said frame and havinglongitudinal inclination, the said roller being provided with a roughened surface extending from a point near its upper end to a point near its lower end, the lower portion of the roller being smooth and of slightly less diameter than the roughened portion, a longitudinally concaved guide roller, having its surface formed correspondingly with the surface of the main roller, the guide roller having likewise a longitudinal inclination but differing from that of the main roller, means, substantially as shown and described, for adjusting the guide roller to and from the main roller, and a driving mechanism whereby the two rollers are driven at different rates of speed, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a separator, the combination, with a frame, a main roller of cylindrical shape, journaled in the said frame and having longitudithe guide roller being inclined from the head downward, the 4inclination of the guide roller varying from that of the main roller, the guide roller being made to sustain substantially a spiral relation to the main roller, the discharge end of the guide roller being higher 6o than that of the main roller, and the space between the plain surfaces of the two rollers serving as a discharge opening for the proper grain, and a driving mechanism for said rollers, substantially as shown anddescribed.

5. In a separator, a frame, a main roller journaled in the frame and having longitudinal inclination, being provided with a smooth peripheral surface at its lower end, the remainder of the peripheral surface being roughened, a guide roller at a greater elevation than the main roller, located adjacent thereto, and having a longitudinal inclination in the same direction as the main roller, the said guide roller being longitudinally concaved and having its outer surface formed correspondingly with the surface of 'the main roller, whereby a discharge opening is formed between the plain surfaces of the two rollers, means for adjusting the guide roller, whereby it may sust-ain a spiral relation to the main roller, anda driving mechanism for the said two rollers, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JOHN EDWARD BOROHARD. Witnesses:

J. N. GARDNER, ERNEST ROBERTSON.

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