US4920A - Debien - Google Patents

Description

GENDEBIEN & HOUYET.

Mllstone Exhaust.

No.. 4,920. Patented Jan'y 5, '1847.

I'IH

. burn the flour.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J, B, GENDEBIEN AND A. HUYET, 0F BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, ASSIGNORS TO J. B. HYDE, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

FLOURING-MILL.

Specification of Letters Patent No, 4,920, dated January 5, 1847.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J EAN BABrIsTE GEN- DEBIEN and AUGUs'rE HoUYEr, residing in Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mills for Grinding Grain and other Substances and Drying or Curing Flour or Meal, and that the following is a full, clear,

and exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes them fromall other things before known and ofthe manner of making, constructing, and using the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, makingipart of this specification.

By the ordinary process of grinding the grain in its course between the crushing surfaces meets with masses of the pulverized material which collect and are fixed in their out at the periphery for the purpose of driving out the flour or meal with more rapidity than by the action of the stones aided by any current of air which may be produced by the rotation of the runner or wings, or other like devices, attached to it and carried by it, the current of air thus introduced and passing through in the direction of the radii, prevent-ing the accumulation of flour or meal between the stones which not only retards the operation of grinding by occupying so much of the surface of the stones, but which tends by the continued friction 'on it to over heat and The effect of the current of air it also to keep the flour or meal at the required temperature to evaporate and carry ofl" any moisture which may be contained, and by the introduction of air heated to the required temperature, to cure the flour or meal more effectually than by the kiln drying process.

Currents of air have heretofore been introduced between the mill stones by carrying them through tubes embeddedgrooves in the bed stone and provided with apertures opening into some of the furrows and also through holes in the stones; butit willbe obvious that these introduce the air between the eye andl the periphery and do not give the direction to the current that will produce the effect contemplated and produced by ours, viz, that of forcing' the flour or meal out exclusively at the periphery, for the currents' introduced by these lmodes will tend to force the flour-'or meal out through the eye of the runner, as well as out at the periphery, as the only action to resist this .tendency is the centrifugal force with which the runner acts on the air. But by our method the current is forced to pass between the stones from the eyeto. the periphery, and in its passage must. tend to carry with it the flour or meal, and at the same time cool and dry or cure it, for even when'the hot blast is used as a substitute for kiln drying the grain, the continual passage of the air it will prevent heat beyond a given temperature. p i

Figure 1, in the drawing (annexed) represents the Sectional elevat-ion 'of an ordinary grain mill with the two separate adaptations of blowing and exhaustion. On the right is seen in section one of a pair of air pumps, the other supposed to stand behind the one shown, on the left is a blower and tube for forcing in the air. Fig. 2, represents the plan of two pair of grain mills with rotary ventilators and the receptacle into which the pulverized material is blown, the mill in the drawingand the ventilators as well as the receptacle, are shown in section, the former has a tube for conveying the heated air with the opening 'closed.

Fig. V3 represents the same in elevation,with

the twov arrangements same as above.

The letters refer to similar partsv in each of the figures.

A, A, A, are the mill stones as ordinarily placed. B B B the curb and covering to same. C, the eye or hole through the middle of the revolving stone. D, the blowers fans or ventilators. E, section of an air pump. F

piston and rod to same. G, G, curb or sides to t-he receptacle. H, conduit for the escape of the air. I conduit for the escape of the product from the receiver. K, space in the blower boxes communicating with the receiver.V L slicle opening into the receiver. N, space in the bottom of the air pump. O, a revolving bottom to the receiver.

a, a, is a cylinder of leather or other material secured at its upper end to the top covering to mill. Z), b, cylinder of tin or other material secured to the revolving stone,

and passing below the cylinder a, a, and up on the inside as shown by red lines in the drawing. These two cylinders should be as close together as possible and not touch, as they are to impede the passage of the air over the top of the revolving stone, and to cause it to flow between them to the receiver. c, a, pieces of wood or other substance fiXed on opposite sicles of the revolving stone to prevent the product from lo-dging on the sides and to carry it thus to the outlet' more freely. (Z, (l, opening or outlet between the mill and the pumps or ventilators through which the product flows with the current Iof air. e, pulley for driving the blower. f slide in the mill curb. g, a smaller slide at the bottom of same, to enable the attendant to examine the product, the larger opening f, being at the top of the curb is to permit a free inlet of air when g, is opened, otherwise the product will flow by with too great rapidity. These two ports should be opened simultaneously and closed again as soon as possible. IL, h, valves attached to air pump. i, z',a fiat piece of wood or other substance placed between the guide plates P, P, so as to move up and down freely and resting on the revolving pin 0, by which means the product is conveyed to the outlet I. R, blower and tube for forcing in the air. s hot air tube, k, cover to C.

It will appear obvious for the more perfectly veffecting the object desired that the air should only be permitted to enter at C,

Ahence as there is either a tendency to a state of oacuo or a pressure of air within the mill, every part should be as air tight as possible therefore the jointsV between the blowers and the curb, as well as the bottom of the curb should be quite tight or covered with stout canvas or other flexible material glued to the joint. This is readily raised and readjusted in dismounting and setting up the mill. For the same reason the joint at a, f, and g, should be as close as possible.

The two air pumps-are made round or square of wood or other material and have distinct connections with the mill as well as distinct valves, but beyond the lower valve the conduits unite and have a common outlet and the pumps are reciprocating; a blower may be placed below the fioor, conrected with a trough to the mill and another to the outlet for a bag or otherwise. In the operation of the pumps Fig. 1 it will be seen that. as the piston ascends the air is Adrawn through the opening at C, and between the grindng surfaces, opening the upper valve and keeping the lower valve closed, and as the piston descends the upper valve is closed and the lower one opened, at the same time the product which has been drawn or fallen uinto the space N, is forced through into the receptacle below theV lower valve. And in the operation of the blower, Figs. 2 and 3 the air is in like manner drawn through, or more properly the @aci/,0 induces the air to rush in at C by atmospheric pressure, passing 'between the grinding surfaces through the openings at cZ, cZ, into the ventilators, the product of the mill flowing with the air through the ventilators into the receptacle by the outlet K, depositing it upon the bottom of the receptacle, while the compressed air passes off through the conduit H carrying with it the disengaged moisture and heat. Independent pulleys may be used for' the blower'in most cases to advantage, as where the two mills are not always worked simultaneously. The capacity of the pumps or the ventilators may be regulated according to the capacity of the mill, or number of mills. lIn the blower R, Fig. 1, a similar efiect is produced by forcing the air.

A mill worked by this system turns with greater facility than without and the product is considerably augmented. The current of air acts upon all parts of the curb at the same time, the interior air entering at C with considerable force, it establishes a free current which greatly facilitates the flow of the product as soon as ground from between the grinding surfaces, while it escapes as dust and dry, the particles being separated and difiused amid the air which impels them, thus obviating a most -pernicious evil attendant upon the grinding of grain by the ordinary methods.

Te do not confine ourselves to the application of our invention to mills for grinding grain, as there are many materials, 4

earth, dross, etc., which in being ground it will be found advantageous to use our application, and in many cases it will be of great vadvantage to heat the air (by any i convenient means) before it passes through the mill, the latter case being particularly recommended in grinding Indian corn intended for long voyages.

We wish it to be Vunderstood that we do 1. The causing of a current of air to pass between the mill stones from the eye toward and out at the periphery, substantially for and in the manner described, the said curthe mill stones by the introduction of a blast rent being produced by a blower or any of heated air, substantially as described.

other convenient mode either by drawing J. BTE. GENDEBIEN. i the same from the mill or forcing it through A. HOUYET.

5 as fully described above. Witnesses:

2. And vWe also claim drying or curing A. STOELEK,

the flour or meal While under the action of THos. G. ALEMsoN.

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