US4701688A - Safety booster cables with time delay - Google Patents
Safety booster cables with time delay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4701688A US4701688A US06/836,069 US83606986A US4701688A US 4701688 A US4701688 A US 4701688A US 83606986 A US83606986 A US 83606986A US 4701688 A US4701688 A US 4701688A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- cable assembly
- set forth
- gate
- output
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S320/00—Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
- Y10S320/15—Polarity control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S320/00—Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
- Y10S320/18—Indicator or display
- Y10S320/20—Polarity
Definitions
- This invention relates to safety booster cables that only operate when the correct polarity connection is achieved, and more particularly, to such cables that include a time delay after making the physical connection for the electrical connection to be operative.
- a booster cable that operates only when the correct polarity connection is observed in the connection of the electrodes of a D.C. source (a battery or generator) to a receiving battery.
- a D.C. source a battery or generator
- this inconvenience may become a fatal problem, namely, with flammable atmospheres.
- the present invention solves the problem by providing a time delay to the operation of the safety booster cables claimed in the above referenced parent application.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram representing the safety booster cables with the time delay circuit utilzed in the preferred embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a representation of the safety booster cables with the circuit shown in FIG. 1 contained inside a protective box.
- the safety booster cable assembly 10 includes negative cable members 31 and 41 that are electrically connected together and typically to ground.
- Two positive cable members, 32 and 42, are electrically connected together through the normally open contact 61 of relay 60.
- Cable members 31; 32; 41 and 42 are terminated with conventional alligator clips 50 at their ends.
- like electrodes are connected to each other.
- cable member 32 is connected to the positive electrode of the D.C. source (a battery or D.C. generator) providing the electricity and cable member 42 is connected to the positive end of the battery receiving the electricity.
- the connection between cable members 32 and 42 is interrupted by normally open relay contact 61.
- the negative electrodes of the source and receiving battery are connected together directly, and usually to ground.
- the user tries to achieve a solid physical connection or engagement to the respective electrodes.
- Diode 90 in series with resistor 91 provide a positive (logic high) voltage at P when a positive (correct) voltage is presented to the clip 50 of cable member 32. If the source's polarity is inverted, a negative voltage would be blocked by diode 90 and point P would be grounded (logic low).
- Diode 95 and resistor 96 work in a similar fashion with the receiving battery side and Q will sit at a positive (high) voltage only when cable member 42 is connected to the positive voltage of the receiving battery. This, of course, presupposes that the battery is not completely dead.
- Points P and Q are connected to the inputs of AND gate 80 which will produce a logic high when both, P and Q, are connected to the proper positive electrodes through diodes 90 and 95, respectively.
- Gate 80 is disabled or enabled depending on whether or not its supply voltage (Vcc) is applied. Vcc is only applied to gate 80 when either one of the two positive electrodes is connected to either cable member 32 or 42.
- Diodes 90 and 95 are light emitting diodes in the preferred embodiment to denote correct polarity connection.
- a protection circuit is provided through back to back diodes 70 and 75. This protection circuit protects gate 80 from an inadvertent connection of either cable member 32 or 42 to the wrong polarity (negative) that would damage it.
- the back to back connection point is used to provide the supply voltage to gate 80.
- V R a minimum treshold voltage V R is required.
- V R needs to be above 1.4 volts, approximately, which corresponds to the voltage drop across diode 56 and the voltage drop across the base/emitter junction NPN transistor 57. When this treshold voltage is reached, transistor 57 is turned on, activating coil 65.
- diode 56 and transistor 57 may be replaced with any other devices, such as inverter buffer, gate, comparator latch or equivalent that switches on when a predetermined V R voltage is reached.
- capacitor 50 and resistor 55 are chosen so that it takes about 6 seconds to reach a V R of 1.4 volts with batteries of 12 volts. In 6 seconds, the user has had ample time to make a solid physical connection and after this is accomplished, there is no reason for any sparks to occur.
- a protection diode 120 is utilized to protect the circuitry against any back e.m.f. (electro motive force) voltage produced by relay coil 65.
- Coil 65 is connected to ground on one end and to the emitter of transistor 57 on the other end. When transistor 57 is switched on, the voltage provided by the electrode to which cable 32 is connected is substantially applied across relay coil 65 thereby actuating (closing) contact 61.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
A safety booster cable assembly for connecting a d.c. source to a receiving battery including a normally open relay interrupting the electrical connection between one of the two pairs of electrodes. Circuitry is provided for closing the contact of the relay when the electrodes being connected are of similar polarities. Time delay circuitry is included so that the relay contact is closed after a certain predetermined amount of time has passed so that sparks are prevented from the movement or scratching of the cable clips on the electrodes. Light emitting diodes are connected between the electrodes of the D.C. source and receiving battery so that they illuminate when the correct polarity is observed in the connection of the cable clips.
Description
1. Other Related Applications
The present invention is a continuation-in-part of pending U.S. application Ser. No. 609,030, filed on May 10, 1984, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,607,209, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
This invention relates to safety booster cables that only operate when the correct polarity connection is achieved, and more particularly, to such cables that include a time delay after making the physical connection for the electrical connection to be operative.
In the above referenced patent application, a booster cable is disclosed that operates only when the correct polarity connection is observed in the connection of the electrodes of a D.C. source (a battery or generator) to a receiving battery. However, it had the inherent inconvenience of generating sparks usually during the first few moments when making the initial connection. This happens because the user needs some time to make a solid physical connection with the alligator clips. There are some applications where this inconvenience may become a fatal problem, namely, with flammable atmospheres. The present invention solves the problem by providing a time delay to the operation of the safety booster cables claimed in the above referenced parent application.
It is the main object of the present invention to provide safety booster cables that wait a reasonable amount of time after making the initial physical connection before becoming electrically operative.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide such a device that is inexpensive to manufacture and maintain while retaining its effectiveness.
Further objects of the invention will be brought out in the following part of the specification, wherein detailed description if for the purpose of fully disclosing the invention without placing limitations thereon.
With the above and other related objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction and combination of parts as will be more fully understood from the following description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram representing the safety booster cables with the time delay circuit utilzed in the preferred embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a representation of the safety booster cables with the circuit shown in FIG. 1 contained inside a protective box.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, where the present invention is generally referred to with numeral 10, it can be seen that the safety booster cable assembly 10 includes negative cable members 31 and 41 that are electrically connected together and typically to ground. Two positive cable members, 32 and 42, are electrically connected together through the normally open contact 61 of relay 60.
Two branches of one diode and one resistor in series are connected between the electrodes of the source and battery, respectively. Diode 90 in series with resistor 91 provide a positive (logic high) voltage at P when a positive (correct) voltage is presented to the clip 50 of cable member 32. If the source's polarity is inverted, a negative voltage would be blocked by diode 90 and point P would be grounded (logic low). Diode 95 and resistor 96 work in a similar fashion with the receiving battery side and Q will sit at a positive (high) voltage only when cable member 42 is connected to the positive voltage of the receiving battery. This, of course, presupposes that the battery is not completely dead. Points P and Q are connected to the inputs of AND gate 80 which will produce a logic high when both, P and Q, are connected to the proper positive electrodes through diodes 90 and 95, respectively. Gate 80 is disabled or enabled depending on whether or not its supply voltage (Vcc) is applied. Vcc is only applied to gate 80 when either one of the two positive electrodes is connected to either cable member 32 or 42. Diodes 90 and 95 are light emitting diodes in the preferred embodiment to denote correct polarity connection.
A protection circuit is provided through back to back diodes 70 and 75. This protection circuit protects gate 80 from an inadvertent connection of either cable member 32 or 42 to the wrong polarity (negative) that would damage it. The back to back connection point is used to provide the supply voltage to gate 80.
Then, after both P and Q produce a high at the output of gate 80, capacitor 50 starts charging through resistor 55. The time constant of capacitor 50 and resistor 55 will determine how long it will take to reach a voltage VR at point R once the output of gate 80 is pulled up to a logic high. To activate relay coil 65 which in turn would close contact 61, a minimum treshold voltage VR is required. In the preferred embodiment, VR needs to be above 1.4 volts, approximately, which corresponds to the voltage drop across diode 56 and the voltage drop across the base/emitter junction NPN transistor 57. When this treshold voltage is reached, transistor 57 is turned on, activating coil 65. Of course, diode 56 and transistor 57 may be replaced with any other devices, such as inverter buffer, gate, comparator latch or equivalent that switches on when a predetermined VR voltage is reached. In the preferred embodiment, capacitor 50 and resistor 55 are chosen so that it takes about 6 seconds to reach a VR of 1.4 volts with batteries of 12 volts. In 6 seconds, the user has had ample time to make a solid physical connection and after this is accomplished, there is no reason for any sparks to occur.
A protection diode 120 is utilized to protect the circuitry against any back e.m.f. (electro motive force) voltage produced by relay coil 65. Coil 65 is connected to ground on one end and to the emitter of transistor 57 on the other end. When transistor 57 is switched on, the voltage provided by the electrode to which cable 32 is connected is substantially applied across relay coil 65 thereby actuating (closing) contact 61.
It is believed the foregoing description conveys the best understanding of the objects and advantages of the present invention. Different embodiments may be made of the inventive concept of this invention. It is to be understood that all matter disclosed herein is to be interpreted merely as illustrative, and not in a limiting sense, except as set forth in the following appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A safety booster cable assembly for transmitting electricity from a D.C. source, having electrodes, to a receiving battery, having electrodes, comprising:
A. first conductor means having two ends connecting one of the electrodes of said D.C. source to an electrode in said receiving battery;
B. second conductor means having two ends connecting the other electrodes of said source and battery;
C. gate means for comparing the voltage polarity of the electrodes connected to the ends of said first cable means and having two inputs and one output and so arranged and constructed to provide an output signal if the polarities are the same and another output signal if they are different;
D. relay means for interrupting the connection between the electrodes connected by said first conductor means and said relay means having a contact that electrically connects the electrodes connected by said first conductor means, and a coil input that is connected to the output of said gate means so that said relay means interrupts said connection with one of said output signals and maintains the connection with the other output signal; and
E. time delay means connected to the output of said gate means so that the transmission of the output of said gate means to said relay means is delayed by a predetermined time period.
2. The cable assembly set forth in claim 1 wherein said time delay means includes resistor means and capacitor means connected to the output of said gate means so that the resulting output signal is delayed.
3. The cable assembly set forth in claim 2 wherein said time delay means includes a device having an input connected to said capacitor means and said device having an output that is connected to said relay means so that said contact closes when the voltage applied to the input of said device reaches a predetermined level.
4. The cable assembly set forth in claim 3, wherein said device includes a transistor.
5. The cable assembly set forth in claim 4 wherein said device includes a plurality of diodes connected in series with the base-emitter junction of said transistor so that the threshold voltage of said device is increased.
6. The cable assembly set forth in claim 3 wherein said device includes a voltage comparator.
7. The cable assembly set forth in claim 6 wherein said gate means includes an AND gate having two inputs and an output.
8. The cable assembly set forth in claim 7 wherein said relay means includes a polarity protective circuit for said AND gate.
9. The cable assembly set forth in claim 8 wherein said polarity protective circuit includes two back to back diodes connected to the ends of said first cable means and the back to back point provide the supply voltage to said gate means.
10. The cable assembly set forth in claim 3 including a first light emitting diode means connected between the end of said first conductor means connected to one of the electrodes of said D.C. source and the end of said second conductor means connected to the other electrode of said D.C. source and further including a second light emitting diode means connected between the end of said second conductor means connected to one of the electrodes of said receiving source and the end of said second conductor means connected to the other electrode of said receiving source.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/836,069 US4701688A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1986-03-04 | Safety booster cables with time delay |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/609,030 US4607209A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-05-10 | Safety booster cable |
US06/836,069 US4701688A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1986-03-04 | Safety booster cables with time delay |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/609,030 Continuation-In-Part US4607209A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1984-05-10 | Safety booster cable |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4701688A true US4701688A (en) | 1987-10-20 |
Family
ID=27085941
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/836,069 Expired - Fee Related US4701688A (en) | 1984-05-10 | 1986-03-04 | Safety booster cables with time delay |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4701688A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989011748A1 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-30 | Matson Automotive Industries Pty. Ltd. | Voltage controlling and indicating device |
US4994727A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1991-02-19 | Yang Tai Her | Charging circuitry having polarity detecting protection |
US5371455A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-12-06 | Champion Freeze Drying Co., Ltd. | Control circuit for safe charging a rechargeable battery |
US5993250A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-11-30 | Hayman; Richard W. | Jumper cables with automatic safety switching |
US6212054B1 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-04-03 | Powerpro Inc. | Spark proof booster cable system |
US6281600B1 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2001-08-28 | Deere & Company | Jump start system for vehicles having different operating voltages |
GB2366101A (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2002-02-27 | Hung Kuang Fu | Intelligent car battery jump leads which warn against and stop series battery connection |
US20110024255A1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-02-03 | Gomm Ralf | Electrical interrupt system and method for use in a hybrid system |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3809993A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-05-07 | Staples Dev Ltd | Electric battery charger |
US4163134A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-07-31 | Upaya, Inc. | Safety jumper cables |
US4233552A (en) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-11-11 | Associated Equipment Corporation | Vehicle-starting circuit with excessive voltage detection |
US4349774A (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1982-09-14 | Dfh, Inc. | Polarity matching apparatus for jumper cables |
US4463402A (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1984-07-31 | Cottrell Gerald G | Safety jumper cable apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-03-04 US US06/836,069 patent/US4701688A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3809993A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-05-07 | Staples Dev Ltd | Electric battery charger |
US4163134A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-07-31 | Upaya, Inc. | Safety jumper cables |
US4233552A (en) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-11-11 | Associated Equipment Corporation | Vehicle-starting circuit with excessive voltage detection |
US4463402A (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1984-07-31 | Cottrell Gerald G | Safety jumper cable apparatus |
US4349774A (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1982-09-14 | Dfh, Inc. | Polarity matching apparatus for jumper cables |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4994727A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1991-02-19 | Yang Tai Her | Charging circuitry having polarity detecting protection |
WO1989011748A1 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-30 | Matson Automotive Industries Pty. Ltd. | Voltage controlling and indicating device |
US5343135A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1994-08-30 | Matson Automotive Industries Pty Ltd | Voltage limiting and indicating device |
US5371455A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-12-06 | Champion Freeze Drying Co., Ltd. | Control circuit for safe charging a rechargeable battery |
US5993250A (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-11-30 | Hayman; Richard W. | Jumper cables with automatic safety switching |
US6281600B1 (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2001-08-28 | Deere & Company | Jump start system for vehicles having different operating voltages |
US6212054B1 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-04-03 | Powerpro Inc. | Spark proof booster cable system |
GB2366101A (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2002-02-27 | Hung Kuang Fu | Intelligent car battery jump leads which warn against and stop series battery connection |
US20110024255A1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-02-03 | Gomm Ralf | Electrical interrupt system and method for use in a hybrid system |
US8513837B2 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2013-08-20 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Electrical interrupt system and method for use in a hybrid system |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19911020 |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |