US447179A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet v1. M. C. HAWLEY.

FURAGE.

Patented Feb. 24, 1891.

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PURNAGE. No. 447,179. Patentedf'eb. 24,1891.

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FURNAGE.

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Patented Feb. 24,1891.

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MELVILLEO. HAVVLEY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 447,179, dated February 24, 1891. Application filed September 6,1889. Serial No. 323,183. (No modell) To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MELVILLE C. I-IAwLnY,'

ytime a thorough and economical consumption v of the fuel.

The leading feature of the improvement is the combination of a lower upward-burning grate with an upper downward-burning grate,v

the bars of saidupper grate being spacedan unusual distance apart or so constructed as to'provide unusually wide spaces between the bars, whereby ample provision for a downward draft through the'u'pper fire is provided as well as for the consumption of such partially-consumed fuel as may drop from the upper grate, all substantially as is hereinafter set forth and claimed, aided by the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, and exhibiting adesirable means for carrying out the improvement, and in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of an ordinary stationary multitubular boiler arranged according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal view of the same within the boiler, and the parts constituting my invention are shown in side elevation, while the lower iiregrate, ash-pit, and flue are shown in section.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2; and Figa is a plan, partly in horizontal section, corresponding to Figs. l, 2, and 3. Fig. 5 is a detailin section showing actual size as well as distance apart of the severa-l bars of the upper grate. Fig. 6 is a detail in plan to show the distance apart in an actual grate of the lower grate-bars.

The same letters of reference denote the same parts. l

In Figs. l, 2, '3,-' and 4 the upper re-grates consist of an upper and a lower row of tubes, marked A and B, respectively. These tubes are sufficiently thick to resist the wear and destruction thereof which occurs through the action of firing, and the lower tubes B are respectively opposite the spaces between the 1 upper tube A. Thus the two rows of tubes A and B constitute an upper fire-grate having a series ot' zigzag spaces, which, while being sufficiently contracted for effectively supporting the fuel during the first stages of its combustion, are yet sufficiently wide to provide for a downward draft and to allow the fuel after the earlier part of its combustion is effected to fall down through the bars of the upper grate and be caught upon the second lire-grate O below. This lastnamed grate O is constructed of ordinary bars arranged in the ordinary manner, and it is preferably a dumping grate. 4

The tubesAin practice are arranged about two and three-quarter inches apart horizontally, and the distance between the bars A and B is about one and one-half inch.

The tubes A and B are supported in position by having their front ends fixed into the water-bridgeD and their inner ends similarly fixed into the water-bridge E. The front or outer water-bridge D is united to the boiler F by lmeans of the pipes D D2 D3, and the back or inner water-bridge E is connected therewith by the pipes E E2. By means of these connections a complete circulation of water from the boiler through the waterbridges D E and through the tubes A and B is at all times maintained.

Fire-doors G are provided for enabling the lfuel to be fed onto the upper grate, and a second set of fire-doors H is also provided for giving access to the fuel onthe lower grate C.

The lower grate -bars O may be arranged in two sets, as shown in the drawings, wit-h a di- Vision of brick-.work between them formed with an inclined top, as shown at J, Fig. 3, while at the outer sides of these fire-bars similar brick-work, with an inclined top, is used. These inclined surfaces cause the fuel which falls from the upper' grate to locate itself upon the lower grate. .The ash-pit K at the front end thereof is shown as closed over with a plate or plates L, in which a register l of the ordinary kind for regulating the passage of air, maybe fitted, or the ash-pits at that point may be left open or connected with a forced draft.

As the gases,smoke, flame, and the volatile.

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the space between the water-bridge E and the boiler F being stopped by the fire -brick c or any equivalent wall, escape upward, they pass by the action of the draft downward through the spaces between the tubes A B and into the combustionchamber M between the grates, where they meet and become mixed with the like products escaping upward from the lower grate C, and the products of combustion from both the upper and lower grates are further consumed in the chamber M, and thence escape together under the back water-bridge E into the tlue N, and ,thence through the remaining fines of the boiler.

In carrying out this invention I desire not to be limited to any particular construction at the inner end of the upper grate whereby the downward draft from the upper fire-'grate into the chamber M is completed. Any suitable form of wall, partition, water-leg, or combined water-bridge and wall may be used. Nor do I desire to be restricted to any special form of Agrate-bar or mode of directing a a water circulation through the grate-bars and boiler. I prefer, however, the various forms exhibited in the drawings, and so far as forming an upper grate so that a downward draft may be successfully obtained and the fuel enabled to drop, and the upper grate thereby kept from choking, is concerned, the zigzag system of bars A B shown is much the best, as by means thereof such lumps of the fuel as find their way downward onto the lower bars B have ample room to pass thence sidev wise and downward into the chamber M.

The herein-described improved grate construction is adaptable to almost any ordinary boiler. The upper grate, including the waterchainbers D and E, can be applied as an attachment to existing boilers substantially in the same manner and as readily as to new boilers, and in eithercase the lower grate can be arranged, as described, to coact with the upper grate.

l. Ina combined downward and upward draft furnace, the combination of the lower upward-burning grate, an upper downwardburning grate, an intermediate combustionchamber, and an escape-flue leading from said combuStien-chamber, the bars in said upper gratebeing spaced widely apart, as described, and at each end thereof connecting with a water-chamber in turn connected with the boiler, and the bars in said lower grate being l spaced closer together than are the bars of said upper grate, substantially as described.

2. In a combined downward and upward draft' furnace, the combination of the lower upward-burning grate, an upper downwardburning grate, an intermediate combustioncham ber, and an escape-Hue leading from said combustion-chamber, the bars in said upper grate being spaced widely apart and forming a series of zigzag spaces, as described, and at each end thereof connecting with a waterchamber in turn connected with the boiler, andthe bars in said lower grate being spaced closer together than are the bars of said upper grate, substantially as described.

3. In a combined downward and upward draft furnace, the combination of the lower upward-burning grate, an upper downwardburning grate, an intermediate combustioncha-n1ber,andan escape-flue leading from said `combIlstion-chamber, the bars in said upper grate being spaced widely apart and forming a series of zigzag spaces, as described, and at each end thereof connecting with a waterchamber in turn connected with the boiler, and the bars in said lower grate being spaced closer together than are the bars of said upper grate, and the ash-pit extending below the fioor of the boiler-room and beyond the furnace-front, substantially as described.

MELVILLE C. HAWLEY. Witnesses:

C. D. MOODY, D. XV. C. SANFORD.

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