US440298A - Process of making planished sheet-steel - Google Patents
Process of making planished sheet-steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US440298A US440298A US440298DA US440298A US 440298 A US440298 A US 440298A US 440298D A US440298D A US 440298DA US 440298 A US440298 A US 440298A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheets
- steel
- sheet
- furnace
- making
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/30—Foil or other thin sheet-metal making or treating
- Y10T29/301—Method
- Y10T29/302—Clad or other composite foil or thin metal making
Definitions
- the sheets of steel or iron have the quality and appearance of Russia sheet-iron without being subjected to the elaborate operation and means employed, the use of the several agents such as acid baths, lime-water, bituminous or soft coal, and other specialties, which contain more or less sulphur or phosphorus, which tend to degrade the integrity of the sheet metal and to oxidate or erode the face thereof-causing it to have the appearance of the common sheet.
- the several agents such as acid baths, lime-water, bituminous or soft coal, and other specialties, which contain more or less sulphur or phosphorus, which tend to degrade the integrity of the sheet metal and to oxidate or erode the face thereof-causing it to have the appearance of the common sheet.
- a furnace properly constructed having a charcoal bottom a wood fire is used for the purpose of heating the soft steel bars for rolling into sheets and for reheating, rolling, and annealing the sheets, in place of coal, to avoid the degrading influence of the aforesaid agents upon the metal developed by heat in the furnace.
- a wood fire and a charcoal bottom in place of ordinary soft coal it prevents the steel sheets from being decarbonated, and especially so in annealing them after being rolled.
- the ordinary soft or bituminous coal is used, the sheets become eroded, resultant from the sulphurous gases eliminated from the coal by heat, which has such an affinity for the metal as to present a face of a common sheet.
- the sheets are first rolled out from hot bars, preferably of soft steel which can be of varied widths and thickness-say from No. 20 to No. 30, wire-gage, in thickness or any suitable variations therefrom.
- the said bars are heated in a suitable furnace by means of a wood fire and charcoal bottom, as before stated.
- These sheets, after being rolled out, are again reheated in packs to a dull red heat by fuel of the same character.
- two or more of the pack are withdrawn from the furnace and rolled a second time.
- four or more of the second-rolled sheets are laid one upon the other in order, again reheated to a dull red heat, then withdrawn from the furnace, and rolled a third time.
- the sheets are annealed by reheating. In this way they are more equally and uniformly annealed than in compact packs, as with my improvement the heat is disseminated through the sheets in the same degree, while in the close packs it is unequal, rendering the sheets not uniform in finish or quality, as the heating and cooling affect the exterior sheets of a close pack differently from the interior in annealing.
- the sheets in this way are heated and cooled in different stages or degrees, which causes the erosion of the plates when bituminous coal is used, and other ordinary fuel causes the closed pack to warp and buckle up from the non-uniform expansion and contraction thereof.
- the sheets In annealing the sheets it is preferable to inclose them in an air-tight box or case to reduce the oxidizing influence of heat and to disseminate a uniform and even degree through the entire pack or series.
- the sheets are laid in the case with a space between them by interposed wire frames or other suitable means to cause a separatio'l'i of the plates, so that the heat may be freely disseminated, whereby the sheets have the de sired uniform Russian color and are prevented from that buckling and crimping up as is usually attendant more or less in the ordinary method.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,
GEORGE ATKINS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.
PROCESS OF MAKING PLANISHED SHEET-STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters, Patent No. 440,298, dated November 11, 1890.
Application filed August 4, 1890. Serial No. 360,969. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be in known that I, GEORGE ATKINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new Process of Manufacturing Soft Sheet-Steel havinga Glazed or Planished Face.
By means of the improvement hereinafter set forth the sheets of steel or iron have the quality and appearance of Russia sheet-iron without being subjected to the elaborate operation and means employed, the use of the several agentssuch as acid baths, lime-water, bituminous or soft coal, and other specialties, which contain more or less sulphur or phosphorus, which tend to degrade the integrity of the sheet metal and to oxidate or erode the face thereof-causing it to have the appearance of the common sheet.
In my improved process a furnace properly constructed having a charcoal bottom a wood fire is used for the purpose of heating the soft steel bars for rolling into sheets and for reheating, rolling, and annealing the sheets, in place of coal, to avoid the degrading influence of the aforesaid agents upon the metal developed by heat in the furnace. By the use of a wood fire and a charcoal bottom in place of ordinary soft coal it prevents the steel sheets from being decarbonated, and especially so in annealing them after being rolled. When the ordinary soft or bituminous coal is used, the sheets become eroded, resultant from the sulphurous gases eliminated from the coal by heat, which has such an affinity for the metal as to present a face of a common sheet.
The sheets are first rolled out from hot bars, preferably of soft steel which can be of varied widths and thickness-say from No. 20 to No. 30, wire-gage, in thickness or any suitable variations therefrom. The said bars are heated in a suitable furnace by means of a wood fire and charcoal bottom, as before stated. These sheets, after being rolled out, are again reheated in packs to a dull red heat by fuel of the same character. Then two or more of the pack are withdrawn from the furnace and rolled a second time. Next four or more of the second-rolled sheets are laid one upon the other in order, again reheated to a dull red heat, then withdrawn from the furnace, and rolled a third time. This reheating and rerolling of the sheets is continued until they are reduced to the desired thickness. In reheating and rerolling the faces of the sheets should continue in the same order of contaction until the final heating and rolling. After the sheets have been heated and rolled to the required condition they are then packed in such a way as to admit of a space between them. In this space is introduced a wiregauze to prevent close contact of the sheets.
In this arrangement the sheets are annealed by reheating. In this way they are more equally and uniformly annealed than in compact packs, as with my improvement the heat is disseminated through the sheets in the same degree, while in the close packs it is unequal, rendering the sheets not uniform in finish or quality, as the heating and cooling affect the exterior sheets of a close pack differently from the interior in annealing. The sheets in this way are heated and cooled in different stages or degrees, which causes the erosion of the plates when bituminous coal is used, and other ordinary fuel causes the closed pack to warp and buckle up from the non-uniform expansion and contraction thereof.
These objections and inherent difficulties attendant upon the ordinary process of manufacturing planished or glazed sheet steel or iron are avoided by my improvements, the distinguishing features of which consist in heating the metal or flat bars for rolling into sheets by a wood fire in a properly-constructed furnace with a charcoal bottom, and in the different stages of the process of rerolling and reheating in packs and parts thereof, as described; also, in laying up the sheets inorder with a space between them interposed by a wire-gauze frame or its equivalent to separate the sheets of the pack for final annealing, whereby the furnace-heat, as described, is disseminated through and between the pack evenly and equally, whereby the sheets have a uniform glazed face and an even and superior quality of metal.
In annealing the sheets it is preferable to inclose them in an air-tight box or case to reduce the oxidizing influence of heat and to disseminate a uniform and even degree through the entire pack or series. For this purpose the sheets are laid in the case with a space between them by interposed wire frames or other suitable means to cause a separatio'l'i of the plates, so that the heat may be freely disseminated, whereby the sheets have the de sired uniform Russian color and are prevented from that buckling and crimping up as is usually attendant more or less in the ordinary method.
What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The herein-described process of manufacturing soft'steel sheets having a glazed or planished face, by rolling thesheets from bars heated in a furnace with a charcoal bottom and a wood fire, next reheating the sheets in packs or series of sheets by the sameineans and rerolling the same in series or duplicates, and continuing the process of reheating and rerolling said sheets together until ,reduced to the required dimensions, next annealing the said sheets by inclosing the same in packs with an air-tight box or case, with a Wire frame or its equivalent interposed to form a space between the sheets, and then subjecting the case and contents to the required heat in a furnace of the character described,
in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
'tially for the purpose set forth.
In testimony whereof Iaffix m y signature in- 2. The herein-described process of manufacturing soft sheet-steel having a glazed or planished face, by heating the bars in a furnacewith a charcoal bottom and awood fire and rolling the sheets therefrom, next reheating the sheets in packs or series of sheets by the same means and rerolling the same in series or duplicates, and continuing the process of reheating and rerollingsaid sheets until reduced to the required dimensions, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The annealing of sheets of soft steel by inclosing the same in packs in an air-tight case With a wire frame or its equivalent interposed to form a space between the sheets,
and then subjecting the case and contents to the required heat in a furnace of the character described, in the manner and substanpresence of two Witnesses.
' GEORGE ATKINS.
Witnesses: V
QUINCY EWING,
W. H. BURRIDGE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US440298A true US440298A (en) | 1890-11-11 |
Family
ID=2509196
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US440298D Expired - Lifetime US440298A (en) | Process of making planished sheet-steel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US440298A (en) |
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0
- US US440298D patent/US440298A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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