US430223A - Heddle-machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 1.

F. ULRICH.

-HBDDLE MACHINE.

No. 430,223. y Qt1 awme1June 17,1890.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. ULRICH. HED'DLE MAGHINE.'

(No Model.)

No. 430,223. Patented June 17, 1890.

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4 sheets-sheet a.

(No Model.)

P ULRICH HBDDLB MACHINE.

atented June 17, 1890,

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F. ULRICH.

HBDDLB MAGHlNB.

Patented June 17, 1890*.

(No Model.)

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UNITE STATES PATENT Erice.

FRANZ ULRICH, OF PATERSON, NEV JERSEY.

HEDDLE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 430,223, dated J une 17, 1890.

Application filed May 27, 1887. Serial No. 239,577. (No model.)

To LLM whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, FRANZ ULRICH, of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, and a citizen of the United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heddle-Machines for Veaving what is known as French Harness,

` designed to be used in other looms for the pur- I carriers, the rotating carrier or disk, and, in-

dicated in outline, a Jacquard attachment for opening the warp. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the loom on line 2 2 of Fig. 2, showing the gearing by which the several inotions are accomplished, the Jacquard attach- 1nent,`however, being omitted. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view, partly in section, exhibiting the mechanism by which the rotating carrier is operated, aswell as several other parts of the loom. Fig. 6 isa detached view of aparticular set of gears hereinafter described. Fig. 7 is a detached view of the packer or comb-operating mechanism, and Fig.`8 is a view of a piece of the fabric itself very much enlarged.

My invention relates to a loom adapted to weave French harness, which is a fabric to be used as heddles in another loom; and it consists in the devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

As is well known, each heddle in a French harness consists of two pairs of interlocked loops, in one of which said pairs the loops are interlocked at one side of a certain point andin the other of which they are interlocked at the other side of said point, so that when the warp is passed through them it will be held in proper position and prevented from moving upward by one loop of one pair and from moving downward by the opposite loop of the other pair, as seen plainly in Fig. 8, and may still be easily moved in either direction by the simultaneous movement of both pairs.

In the drawings, B is the frame of the machine. `A is a driving-shaft mounted therein, and carrying at one end the usual driving and loose pulleys and at the other a hand wheel A', as shown.

Upon shaft A is mounted a gear-Wheel C, which meshes with a Wheel D, mounted upon a shaft d, provided with bearings in the frame and extending in a direction at right angles to the axis of the shaft A. Upon said shaft d is a second gear-Wheel K, which meshes with an intermediate gear P, suitably mounted. P in turn meshes with and drives gear Q, which is of equal size and has the same speed as K. Q is keyed to and supported by a shaft q, provided with bearings n the frame B, and upon said shaft q is a crank-arm Q', which revolves withl it.

At W', Fig. 4, is pivoted arocking lever W, extending upward therefrom, provided with a slotted opening w in its upper end and connected at V2 to said crank-arm Q by arod V. It will thus be seen that through the described mechanism said lever W will be alternately rocked back and forth by the power applied to the driving-Wheel C. This rocking motion is that which operates the reciprocating shuttle carriers, as will presently be shown.

Secured diagonally across the frame B are two frames B2, constituting the carrier-ways. At their upper and lower sides, respectively, are straight longitudinal openings or Ways cl2 d2, in Which one set of the rollers of each carrier respectively move, and inside of each of said ways is a second longitudinal opening d3 d3, parallel to said Ways d2 cl2 at both ends, but of irregular form for a portion of the intermediate distance, the portions of said ways L3 (Z3 that are parallel to d2 d2 being also respectively farther separated therefrom at one end than at the other, but said ends farthest from d2 cl2 being at opposite sides of the loom from each other.

NW are the reciprocating shuttle-carriers, of which there are two. They are composed of a body V, to which are secured rollers or slides 1' c', running in the ways d2 cl2, and are also provided with grooves 7o 7s. In these groovesareplaced arms k le', adapted to move IOO back and forth therein transversely to the movement of the carrier. Said arms k 7c are each provided with a roller or slide i2,

running in Ways cl3, and a finger which engages with one of the shuttles l Z. One of said carriers W4 is connected to lever W by a pin and roller W2, which passes through slot w therein. Belts w5 105 extend from carrier W4in both directions about rollers w16, mounted in brackets w17, secured to frames B2 by means of set-screws w18, working in slots w19, adjustably, if desired, as shown at the lower right-hand corner of B2, Fig. 3, and are secured to the other carrier "W4, the lengths of said belts being so proportioned that when one carrier is at the extremity of its movement on one side of the frame the other carrier will be at the extremity of its movement on the opposite side of said frame. Then, when lever W is rocked on its pivot, as before described, said carriers Will be moved in opposite directions in their respective Ways with a positive coincident movement ot great exactness.

Formed on or secured to the frame B, Within the line of said ways d3 d3 and parallel with d2 d2, are the shuttle-races r r, each divided into two parts, one on each side of the paths of the respective reeds or packers, through which pass the warp-threads of the fabric, and Z l are the shuttles adapted to move in said races in the ordinary manner.

Upon shaft CZ and in front of wheel D is a gear-Wheel E, having an extended toothed segment, as seen in Fig. 6, and above itahub or hollow bearing B extends from frameB in a direction parallel with shaft d. Onv the face of frame B, concentric with B, is a disk J2, from which extends a hollow sleeve G, passing through and having its bearings in said bearing B. Beyond B and in position to engage the toothed segment on E isa pinion F, provided with a foot f Said pinion is feathered to move longitudinally on said sleeve G, and is provided With a hub, and a loose collar F3 fitted thereon. Upon the face of J2 is an annular disk J secured thereto by screws j, preferably passing through slots l7'63 in said disk J, which permit its accurate adjustment thereon. This annu-l lar disk .I bears upon its face the third portions of the shuttle-races r r, and must be so adjusted that when itis in the position shown in Fig. 3 the three portions of said races present continuous tracks upon which, respectively, the shuttles may be moved.

Through the hollow sleeve G and disks .I and J2 is passed a long hollow tube H, which is supportedthereby, and at its rear end by a bearing in the frame B, (though said tube might be omitted,) and upon its forward end is placed a thimble or cap I. This cap I has through its closed end two perforations at slight but practically equal distances laterally from its center, and through these perforations the ends of two rods 7L h alternately project. The mechanism by which said pins are alternately projected through said apertures and withdrawn is as follows: On shaft cl, heretofore mentioned, is secured gearwheel L. 'Ihis meshes with a gearM of such relative proportions that it turns once while L turns twice. On the same shaft 'm with M is a gear N, which in turn meshes with gear O. This gear O carries on its outer face a grooved face-cam R, upon which bear pins s on the lower arms of two levers S, which are pivoted at S S to the frame B. The opposite arms of said levers S are respectively connected to the rods h h, and as is obvious, when the shallow part of the channel or groove in the face of cam R is on one side of the center of its axle, pin s at that side will operate to force back the arm of its connected lever S and project the rod or pin h connected therewith through cap I, while when said shallow part of the channel is on the other side of said center of the axle the other pin will be similarly projected, the first being at the same time Withdrawn by the stress of a spring if, connected to the lower end of lever S and to the frame, and acting through said levers S, each being provided with such a spring.

b b2 are the warp-threads, b2 being larger than the others and placed in the center thereof. They run from spools b', hung on spindles supported in brackets secured to the frame and controlled by cords and counterweights in the usual manner. After being passed through the heddles c, &c., and the reeds or packers p p, they are connected with cords b3, passing over rollers b4 and secured to the drum b5.

The reeds or packers, as is well known, should have a very rapid and positive reciprocating motion, to secure which I have devised the following mechanism: Upon the shaft A is a WheelE, (shown fully in Fig. 7,) which has formed upon ita projecting toothed segment e', and is provided at either end of said segment with a somewhat elliptical depression w2. Upon another shaft e, parallel with A, and provided with bearings supported in brackets secured to the frame B, is another gear or toothed pinion F', so arranged that its teeth lnaymesh with those on segment e of wheel E. F has also a foot f4, extending sufficiently beyond the outer line of the teeth of the pinion to rest upon the periphery of the main portion of E. The bottom of said footis curved to coincide with the periphery of E', and is of sufficient length to give a firm bearing thereon. Each end is also preferably curved, so that it may turn easily in the depressions @U2 when both Wheels E and F are in motion. Upon said shaft e are two crank-arms U, one at each side, and

to their outer ends are secured connectingrods Z, whose opposite ends are secured to rocking levers Z, preferably by means of pins passing through slots therein, to provide for adjustment. Levers Z are pivoted to the frame at their lower ends, and at their upper ends connected to rods Z2. These rods Z2 are IOO IIO

Amoved up or down.

at the opposite ends connected by bolts to sliding bars or slides Z3, supported in bearings secured to the frame and carrying on their forward ends the reeds or packers p.,

Now it is obvious that when shaft A revolves, carrying wheel-E with it, wheel F will remain stationary and incapable of motion so long as the foot f1t is resting upon the periphery of wheel E', but that when wheel E has so far vrevolved that the end or toe of foot f4 reaches the depression to2 said pinion will be turned, so that its teeth engage with those on segment e', and that wheel F willbe thereby rapidly and positively revolved just once and then positively and instantly stopped when said foot]c4 again comes in contact with and rests upon the periphery of wheel E. This revolution of F of course causes the revolution of the crank-arms U, the reciprocation of rods Z, the rocking of levers Z and the reciprocation of rods Z2 and slides Z2, thereby driving the packers p suddenly forward and back and stopping them positively and exactly, as is so much to be desired, with every revolution of shaft A.

The Warps may be operated by any of the well-known shedding or Jacquard mechanisms used for such purposes, and power therefor may be transmitted from shaft A by means of a crank-pin A2 and connecting-rod A3. I have therefore omitted showing such mechanism in detail, but have merely shown in Fig. 3 a few lines to rudely indicate the well-known Jacquard attachment, the operation of which is too familiar to all having` knowledge of looms to need extended description.

To provide for regulating the feed of the loom, I place upon shaft q, whose motion has already been described, a tight pulley f', and a second pulley g is secured to a shaft g2, suitably mounted. These pulleys are connected by a belt f 16, passing over both of them, and at the farther end of shaft g2 is a worm g3, which engages with the first of a train of gears g4, dac. As shown, this train consists of a large gear g4, turned by worm g3, a small gear gon the same shaft with g4, and meshing with a second large gear 9"', whose shaft carries a second small gear g, meshing with a third large gear g8, and mounted upon the saine shaft with the drum b5 is a fourth large gear glo. A third small gear gJ is interposed between gears g8 and glo and meshes with both.

To insure close contact and permit gear g2 to be replaced by a different one, I pivot the last small gear in a swinging arm Ct, so secured to the frame that one end may be freely A slot is cut in arm a to receive the shaft carrying gear g2, which arrangement permits said gear to seat itself so as to properly mesh with those adjacent, suitable means being provided to hold the shaft of gear g9 in the slot. The arm isalso provided with a slotted segment s2 at its outer end. Another arm a is rigidly secured to the frame of the machine in such position that a bolt n in its outer end may pass through the slot in segment s2 and yet permit that to move. A thumb-screw s is threaded upon said bolt outside of said segment, and when arm a has been pressed down till gears g2, Q9, and g10 properly mesh together arm a may be secured in that position by tightening the thumb-screw s. A ratchet-wheel g11 is secured to the shaft of drum b5, and a pawl j', engaging its teeth, is provided. (Here shown as secured to gear gw, which is loosely mounted upon its shaft.) Thus as each loop of the fabric is formed the drum is revolved a certain predetermined distance, carrying with it the cords to which the warp is secured, thus advancing the fabric one step in the machine. I do not, however, confine myself to this arrangement.

I have described the means by which motion is given to the disks J2 and J by means of gears E and F and the sleeve G, said gears E and F being substantially similar and acting upon each other substantially as do gears E' and F; but it is not desired to revolve said disks each time that gear E revolves, and I therefore prevent the revolution of gear F, and consequently of said disks when desired, by sliding gear F to a position where the pinion thereof and the toothed segment of gear E cannot .engage with each other. To do this I place upon shaft m a grooved cam T2. In the groove of this cam runs the end of a rocking leverT, pivoted at T2 intermediate its ends to the frame. At its upper end said lever T is connected to a rod T', which in turn is connected to the collar F3 on the hub of pinion F. As the cam T3 revolves it of course rocks lever T on its pivot and retracts or advances .rod T, which draws lever F out of position to engage the segment on gear E or returns it to said position.

Gear F is prevented from revolving upon sleeve G by the feathers or slides g, upon which itis moved back or forth by rod T; but it is equally important that sleeve G should be held stationary, except when rotated by the action of the segment upon gear E engaging with pinion F, in order that disk J may always be in proper position for the shuttles to move upon or off from it, except when they are purposely revolved by it. To that end I construct the main portion of wheel E of a width greater than the width of its segmental extension, and this part of its width is entirely circular and unbroken. Then when gear F is drawn to a position where its teeth cannot engage with those upon the segment upon gear E its curved foot f3 will still rest and slide upon the circu- IIC) lar periphery of gear E, and the sleeveG and disks J and J2 are thereby held in a fixed position during said period.

The operation of this loom is as follows: The parts being in position, asshown in Fig.

1, with the shuttles at the extremity of their outward movement and the threads leading therefrom to and about the pin or rod now projected. through the cap I and back to the warp, where they are fastened, the machine is started and the following movements take place: Lever W is swung on its pivot, and rod A:3 is operated to cause the Jacquard attachment to open the warp or shed, so that some or all of the threads are on one side of the path of the shuttle and some or none on the other, how many of which shall be above that path or below it being determined according to the pattern of head-band it is desired the fabric shall have, in the same man` ner any other pattern of warp and weft threads is determined-to wit, by the arrangement of the cards on the Jacquard attachment-the head-band being that part of the fabric formed by the intermeshing of the warp and weft threads at each side of the loom. Lever W moves the carriers Vl respectively across the frames B2. They of course carry with them the shuttles, which on their course pass through the chains or shed, over some and under others of the warpthreads forming it. As the shuttles approach, respectively, the chains on either side, the ways d3 bend abruptly away from and then back to the shuttle-races, and as rollers i2 follow the course of said ways, first one arm lo is drawn back and its attached finger drawn out of engagement with the shuttle, whilethe latter passes through the warp, and then the other arm does likewise, permitting the shuttle to have free passage therethrough, the rst finger having meanwhile returned upon the other side of the chain to its engagement with the shuttle before the last finger released it. This last finger also returns to engagement when the whole shuttle has passed the chain and the packer p. The carriers drive the shuttles on their courses and into that portion of the races upon disk J, where they are held by leaf-springs j, secured to the face of the disk below the shuttle-races, which springs press the walls of the grooves in the shuttles tightly against the slides of the races. Then, as ways d3 d3 again bend abruptly away from the respective shuttlc-races, arms 7c 7e and their fingers again release the shuttles, which remain stationary in their races upon the disk J. Gear F being at this time retracted from position to engage the segment on gear E, the disk J remains stationary. Then the packers are driven forth and back and beat home the threads that have just been passed th rough the warp, at the same time pressing the warp to such position as to give the proper length to the loops. The chains are then opened by the movement of the heddles in a new arrangement, some different threads above and others below the paths of the shuttles. Then the return movement of lever W drives the shuttles back through the chains thus opened and to their first positions in a inanner the reverse of that just described as their forward movement, and the packers are again moved forward and back to beat home the threads just laid and push the loop previously formed from the pin 71., the cam It meanwhile operating to Withdraw the pin irst projecting through I and to advance the one on the opposite side of the center thereof. Now lever NV again drives the shuttles through the chains, they having been again opened, to and upon the disk J, and, gear F having been slid back upon its guides g, its teeth are engaged by the teeth upon the segment on wheel E, and wheel F, together with sleeve G, disks J and J 2, and shuttles l, are swiftly revolved carrying each shuttle and its thread around cap I and pin h under the thread leading from the chain on the opposite side to pin h, and also under its own thread, each thread thereby making a loop about h, interlocked with the loop formed by the opposite thread, the packers having again been driven forward and back for the usual purpose. The orbit of the shuttle, (the thread-holder,) it will be noticed, crosses a line drawn from the opposite warp to the point which the other shuttle occupies when the movement just described is one-fourth accomplished, which line is then defined by the thread leading from said opposite warp to said opposite shuttle, and unless said orbit did cross a line which the opposite weft-thread does define at some period of said movement there would be no interlocking of one thread with the other. Now by the movement of NV the shuttles are returned to their original position, the warps being moved as the pattern requires. The warps are then again opened and the loom is ready to initiate the movement for a new loop, the regulating mechanism having meanwhile caused the fabric to advance one step.

The fabric which I prefer to weave is partially shown at Fig. 8, being composed of a large central Warp-thread b2, ten smaller warpthreads Z9, and a weft-thread which passes about the large central warp-thread, under some and over others of the smaller warpthreads (thus forming a head-band) to or near the center of the fabric, where it interlocks with the weft-th read from the otherhead-band, and back again to its own head-band.

While I consider the various deviceswhich I employ to secure the various required movements the best for their several named purposes, still I do not intend to limit myself to a combination in which exactly the mechanism I employ is used to produce each individual movement which I produce, as any mechanic could readily substitute other devices for some of those I employ without in any Way departing from the real spirit or principle of my invention.

The packers might be otherwise driven, and theshuttlesaswell. Othermeansmightbeused to rotate the disk or perform other operations;

TOO

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