US422141A - Apparatus for making soap and carbonic acid - Google Patents
Apparatus for making soap and carbonic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US422141A US422141A US422141DA US422141A US 422141 A US422141 A US 422141A US 422141D A US422141D A US 422141DA US 422141 A US422141 A US 422141A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- digester
- carbonic acid
- valve
- making soap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title description 24
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 16
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
Definitions
- Patented P631125, 1890 Patented P631125, 1890.
- Figure l is a sectional elevation of my apparatus
- Fig. 2 is a plan view of the distributing steam pipe or rose.
- My invention consists of the apparatus hereinafter described, which I term a digester, for making soap from bicarbonate of sodium and at the same time utilizing the carbonic acid thus formed, either for the carbonation of soap-lyes or for any other purpose.
- A is the body of the digester, consisting of a cylindrical tank or reservoir, made preferably of boiler-iron in the manner represented, and supported in any desired manner, as by the angle-iron supports F, secured to the digester near the middle of the same.
- the opening A which serves as a man-hole, whereby access may be had to the interior, and also as a means of introducing the Various materials into the digester.
- O is a steam-pipe provided with the valve 0, which preferably enters the digester near the top of the same, passing down the side thereof, and terminating at the bottom in the distributing pipe or rose C, preferably of circular form, as shown in Fig. 2.
- This rose is provided with a number of perforations 0, being constructed in such a manner as to distribute fine jets or sprays of steam through the mixture within the digester.
- D is an outlet-faucet for drawing off the soap, communicating with the interior of the digester at some distance from the bottom thereof, and E is the outlet-tap at the bottom for drawing off the lye.
- B is the gas-pipe connected to the top of the apparatus, through which the carbonic acid generated is removed, being provided with a valve b, B being a branch pipe terminating in the balanced regulating-valve B opening inward.
- G is a safety-valve, of any desired construction, situated on the top or dome of the apparatus.
- rosin For the manufacture of soap from bicarbonate of soda or any alkaline bicarbonate, rosin, free fatty acids, or any organic acids capable of forming a soap, may be used. I prefer to use rosin, and proceed in the following manner: The bicarbonate of soda or other a1- kaline bicarbonate is introduced into the digester just described, either in solution in water or as a solid and water added. The rosin is then introduced and the mixture is gently warmed by allowing the steam to spray through it. The steam as it circulates through the mixture causes the rosin to act upon the bicarbonate of sodium, setting free carbonic acid, a rosin-soap being left in solution. The soap is then salted out from this solution when the action is complete, or the solution may be mixed with a water solution of a common soap, if preferable, the soap being drawn off from the digester through the faucet D.
- the carbonic-acid formed by the action accumulates in the upper part of the digester, and is removed therefrom as fast as formed by means of a suitable pump or blower L, of any approved construction, connected with the pipe B, and the gas is thus conveyed to wherever it is desired to use it.
- the chemical action would naturally become so strong, were it not for the balanced regulating-valve B as to cause violent frothing of the liquid in the digester, resulting in the pumping out of a part of the liquid, together with the gas.
- the balanced valve B which opens in- Ward, is adjusted to open by reason of the difference in pressure and let in at times just enough atmospheric air from the outside to prevent the air within from becoming so attenuated as to produce the frothing action, as above explained, thus -acting as an automatic regulator.
- valve While I have shown the valve as attached to a branch of the gas-pipe B, I do not limit myself to this position, as the valve may be directly secured to the top of the digester, if desired.
- the safety-valve G acts in the usual manner to allow the gas to escape should the pressure within the digester become too-great.
- I claim-- 1 An apparatus for the simultaneous manufacture of soap and carbonic acid, consisting of the combination of a pump or blower with a digester provided with a steam-spraying device, and a balanced air-pressure-regulating valve, whereby the frothing of the liquid is prevented within the digester, substantially as andfor the purposes described.
- a digester consisting of a closed cylindrical reservoir A, provided with the steamspraying device 0 C, safety-valve G, and balanced air-pressure-regulating valve B, arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes described.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
E.- D. MELLEN. APPARATUS FOR MAKING SOAP AND UARBONIG ACID.
Patented P631125, 1890.
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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EDWIN D. MELLFJN, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.
APPARATUS FOR MAKING SOAP AND CARBONIC ACID.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,141, dated February 25, 1890.
Application filed September 20, 1839. Serial No. 324,545. (No mocleh) To all whom it may concern;
Be it known that I, EDWIN D. MELLEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and Improved Apparatus for Making Soap from Sodium Bicarbonate with the Design of Utilizing the Carbonic Acid thus Formed, of which the following is a full specification, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.
Figure l is a sectional elevation of my apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the distributing steam pipe or rose.
My invention consists of the apparatus hereinafter described, which I term a digester, for making soap from bicarbonate of sodium and at the same time utilizing the carbonic acid thus formed, either for the carbonation of soap-lyes or for any other purpose.
A is the body of the digester, consisting of a cylindrical tank or reservoir, made preferably of boiler-iron in the manner represented, and supported in any desired manner, as by the angle-iron supports F, secured to the digester near the middle of the same. At the top of the tank is the opening A, which serves as a man-hole, whereby access may be had to the interior, and also as a means of introducing the Various materials into the digester.
O is a steam-pipe provided with the valve 0, which preferably enters the digester near the top of the same, passing down the side thereof, and terminating at the bottom in the distributing pipe or rose C, preferably of circular form, as shown in Fig. 2. This rose is provided with a number of perforations 0, being constructed in such a manner as to distribute fine jets or sprays of steam through the mixture within the digester.
D is an outlet-faucet for drawing off the soap, communicating with the interior of the digester at some distance from the bottom thereof, and E is the outlet-tap at the bottom for drawing off the lye.
B is the gas-pipe connected to the top of the apparatus, through which the carbonic acid generated is removed, being provided with a valve b, B being a branch pipe terminating in the balanced regulating-valve B opening inward.
G is a safety-valve, of any desired construction, situated on the top or dome of the apparatus.
For the manufacture of soap from bicarbonate of soda or any alkaline bicarbonate, rosin, free fatty acids, or any organic acids capable of forming a soap, may be used. I prefer to use rosin, and proceed in the following manner: The bicarbonate of soda or other a1- kaline bicarbonate is introduced into the digester just described, either in solution in water or as a solid and water added. The rosin is then introduced and the mixture is gently warmed by allowing the steam to spray through it. The steam as it circulates through the mixture causes the rosin to act upon the bicarbonate of sodium, setting free carbonic acid, a rosin-soap being left in solution. The soap is then salted out from this solution when the action is complete, or the solution may be mixed with a water solution of a common soap, if preferable, the soap being drawn off from the digester through the faucet D.
The carbonic-acid formed by the action accumulates in the upper part of the digester, and is removed therefrom as fast as formed by means of a suitable pump or blower L, of any approved construction, connected with the pipe B, and the gas is thus conveyed to wherever it is desired to use it.
I preferably use this apparatus in connection with my improved process for the recovery of alkali and glycerine in soap-lye, for which I have applied for United States Letters Patent, the serial number of which application is 824544, in which the gas is pumped into a tower, as therein described, and used for the saturation of soap-lyes therein c011- tained.
Owing to the tendency to a continual vacuum maintained within the digester by the action of the pump or blower L, the chemical action would naturally become so strong, were it not for the balanced regulating-valve B as to cause violent frothing of the liquid in the digester, resulting in the pumping out of a part of the liquid, together with the gas. I11 order to prevent this frothing from taking place, the balanced valve B which opens in- Ward, is adjusted to open by reason of the difference in pressure and let in at times just enough atmospheric air from the outside to prevent the air within from becoming so attenuated as to produce the frothing action, as above explained, thus -acting as an automatic regulator.
While I have shown the valve as attached to a branch of the gas-pipe B, I do not limit myself to this position, as the valve may be directly secured to the top of the digester, if desired. The safety-valve G acts in the usual manner to allow the gas to escape should the pressure within the digester become too-great.
I do not limit myself, moreover, to the exact construction of steam spraying device herein shown.
I claim-- 1. An apparatus for the simultaneous manufacture of soap and carbonic acid, consisting of the combination of a pump or blower with a digester provided with a steam-spraying device, and a balanced air-pressure-regulating valve, whereby the frothing of the liquid is prevented within the digester, substantially as andfor the purposes described.
2. A digester consisting of a closed cylindrical reservoir A, provided with the steamspraying device 0 C, safety-valve G, and balanced air-pressure-regulating valve B, arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.
EDWIN D. MELLEN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US422141A true US422141A (en) | 1890-02-25 |
Family
ID=2491058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US422141D Expired - Lifetime US422141A (en) | Apparatus for making soap and carbonic acid |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US422141A (en) |
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0
- US US422141D patent/US422141A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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