US4174976A - Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose - Google Patents
Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4174976A US4174976A US05/884,478 US88447878A US4174976A US 4174976 A US4174976 A US 4174976A US 88447878 A US88447878 A US 88447878A US 4174976 A US4174976 A US 4174976A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- acid
- glucose
- hydrolysis
- acid hydrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
Definitions
- This invention relates to acid hydrolysis of cellulose and, more particularly, relates to a process for yielding glucose through acid hydrolysis of cellulose.
- cellulosic waste materials such as cornstalks, sawdusts, straws, bagasse, and the like.
- Cellulosic materials include the principal components--cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Methods for extraction of hemicellulose have heretofore been suggested and/or utilized and such extracted hemicellulose can be utilized by many existing methods including hydrolysis, fermentation, pyrolysis, and the like.
- Lignin has also been isolated from cellulosic materials and since it is higher in hydrogen and carbon and lower in oxygen content than cellulose and hemicellulose it has the highest fuel utility of the three. Isolated lignin can be burned to generate steam and electricity and can also be used to produce a number of useful products including vanillin, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethyl sulfide, and methyl mercaptan and catechol.
- This invention provides an improved process for hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose.
- acid hydrolysis of cellulose is effected to yield glucose with the cellulose being recovered from cellulosic materials through treatment of the cellulosic materials to disrupt the structure thereof prior to acid hydrolysis. Lignin is removed either before or after hydrolysis.
- cellulosic materials have a highly ordered crystalline structure.
- lignin in middle lamella poses as a physical seal surrounding the cellulose fibers in such materials.
- acid hydrolysis is utilized to yield glucose from cellulose.
- Cellulosic materials are preferably pretreated to disrupt the crystalline structure and the cellulose precipitated therefrom prior to acid hydrolysis.
- the pretreatment of the cellular materials can be accomplished by selective solvent extraction as follows: cellulosic materials are first extracted with a dilute acid or alkali to remove hemicellulose; the residue is then dissolved in Cadoxen made up of 25 to 30% ethylenediamine and 70 to 75% water with about 4.5 tp 7% cadmium added as oxide or hydroxide (for example, about 10 grams of cellulose may be dissolved in 100 grams of Cadoxen); separating lignin, which does not dissolve, from the cellulose-Cadoxen mixture by filtration or centrifugation; and precipitating cellulose from the cellulose-Cadoxen mixture (as by adding water or an acid).
- the cellulosic materials may be pretreated by contacting the materials with a chelating metal caustic swelling solvent.
- a chelating metal caustic swelling solvent may include an aqueous solution of 17% sodium tartrate, 6.6% ferric chlorideand 7.8% caustic which is stabilized by 6.2% sodium sulfite (all in weight percent). While particularly, such an agent may be formed by:
- the pretreatment of the cellulosic materials in this case involves contacting the materials with solvent in a 1 to 4 weight ratio of residue to solvent.
- A is cellulose
- B is glucose
- C is undesirable side products.
- Reports on the acid hydrolysis of woods based on research conducted during World War II by J. F. Saeman of the U.S. Forrest Products Laboratory, states that the rate of A k .sbsp.1 B is about the same as B k .sbsp.2 C.
- the formation of side products from glucose occurred at about the same rate as formation of glucose from cellulose. Consequently, the maximum glucose level in the hydrolysate was only 23% of the sugar potentially available from the cellulose.
- Over the years some improvements in yields have been obtained by reducing reaction times, increasing temperature and pressure, and modifying processing equipment. Yet with all these improvements, the best yields obtained to date, using this "conventional" technology, are less than 50%.
- the glucose formed must be separated from the acid.
- a process using dilute acid is preferred.
- the acid hydrolysis using a dilute acid is carried out in a closed vessel at 100° to 200° C. in an approach similar to that proposed by Saeman in 1945.
- the cellulose is preferably first pretreated in the manner as described hereinabove.
- Untreated microcrystalline cellulose was hydrolyzed with 0.1% H 2 SO 4 at 125° C. for 42 hours and gave 8% yield of glucose. Liquid chromatographic analysis of the hydrolysate showed formation of side product. In comparison, the same material, pretreated by dissolution in Cadoxen followed by reprecipitation, and washing, gave 13% conversion to glucose with no apparent formation of side products when hydrolyzed under similar conditions as used for the untreated cellulose.
- Untreated and pretreated cellulose were subjected to hydrolysis using ca. 5% H 2 SO 4 at 125° C. in a closed vessel. At the end of three hours, the untreated cellulose showed only 18% conversion to glucose while the pretreated cellulose showed 29% conversion to glucose. Lignin may be separated by filtration or centrifugation either before or after hydrolysis.
- this invention provides an improved process for acid hydrolysis of cellulose.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/884,478 US4174976A (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1978-03-08 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
ZA79946A ZA79946B (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-02-27 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
AU44697/79A AU521560B2 (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-02-28 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
GB7907042A GB2016014B (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-02-28 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
SE7901897A SE439930B (sv) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-02 | Forfarande for hydrolysering av cellulosa i ett cellulosahaltigt material for att erhalla glukos |
DE19792908990 DE2908990A1 (de) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-06 | Verfahren zum hydrolysieren von zellulose zur gewinnung von glucose |
JP2660279A JPS54160755A (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-07 | Production of glucose by hydrosisis of cellulose |
MX10127179U MX5830E (es) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-07 | Procedimiento mejorado de hidrolisis acida para obtener glucosa a partir de celulosa |
FI790789A FI66645C (fi) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-07 | Foerfarande foer hydrolysering av cellulosa i ett cellulosamaterial |
BR7901383A BR7901383A (pt) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-07 | Processo para hidrolisar a celulose de um material celulosico |
FR7906023A FR2419324A1 (fr) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-08 | Hydrolyse acide de la cellulose en glucose |
CA322,979A CA1110233A (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1979-03-08 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/884,478 US4174976A (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1978-03-08 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4174976A true US4174976A (en) | 1979-11-20 |
Family
ID=25384702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/884,478 Expired - Lifetime US4174976A (en) | 1978-03-08 | 1978-03-08 | Acid hydrolysis of cellulose to yield glucose |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4174976A (pt) |
JP (1) | JPS54160755A (pt) |
AU (1) | AU521560B2 (pt) |
BR (1) | BR7901383A (pt) |
CA (1) | CA1110233A (pt) |
DE (1) | DE2908990A1 (pt) |
FI (1) | FI66645C (pt) |
FR (1) | FR2419324A1 (pt) |
GB (1) | GB2016014B (pt) |
SE (1) | SE439930B (pt) |
ZA (1) | ZA79946B (pt) |
Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4831127A (en) * | 1983-07-12 | 1989-05-16 | Sbp, Inc. | Parenchymal cell cellulose and related materials |
US20070129451A1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-06-07 | Niemann Lance K | Bio-based, insulating foam |
WO2007111605A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-04 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
US20080227162A1 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-18 | Sasidhar Varanasi | Biomass pretreatment |
US20090062524A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2009-03-05 | Basf Se | Method for breaking down cellulose in solution |
US20090229599A1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-17 | Zhang Y H Percival | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
US20100009546A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Aminosilanes for Shallow Trench Isolation Films |
WO2010124944A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-04 | Heli Inovatio Handelsbolag | Process for the hydrolysis of cellulose |
US20110154721A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-06-30 | Chheda Juben Nemchand | Biofuels via hydrogenolysis-condensation |
US20110154722A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-06-30 | Chheda Juben Nemchand | Direct aqueous phase reforming of bio-based feedstocks |
US20110201061A1 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-08-18 | Sarjit Johal | Process For Hydrolysis Of Wet Fiber And Method For Producing Fermentation Products From Wet Fiber |
US8236536B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2012-08-07 | The University Of Toledo | Saccharifying cellulose |
US8404355B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-03-26 | Virdia Ltd | Methods and systems for processing lignocellulosic materials and related compositions |
EP2620442A1 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2013-07-31 | BIOeCON International Holding N.V. | Process for recovering saccharides from cellulose hydrolysis reaction mixture |
WO2015023418A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Conversion of cellulose into simple sugars |
US9115467B2 (en) | 2010-08-01 | 2015-08-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for solvent purification |
US9410216B2 (en) | 2010-06-26 | 2016-08-09 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar mixtures and methods for production and use thereof |
US9476106B2 (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2016-10-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing a sucrose crop and sugar mixtures |
US9493851B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2016-11-15 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US9512495B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2016-12-06 | Virdia, Inc. | Lignocellulose conversion processes and products |
US9617608B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2017-04-11 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar compositions |
US9631246B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2017-04-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US9663836B2 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2017-05-30 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing sugar mixtures and resultant compositions |
US11078548B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2021-08-03 | Virdia, Llc | Method for producing xylitol by fermentation |
US11091815B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | Virdia, Llc | Integrated methods for treating lignocellulosic material |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3428661A1 (de) * | 1983-08-09 | 1985-03-07 | Krupp Industrietechnik GmbH Werk Buckau Wolf, 4048 Grevenbroich | Verfahren zur hydrolyse von lignocellulosehaltiger biomasse |
ES2526267B2 (es) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-07-20 | Universidad De Las Palmas De Gran Canaria | Procedimiento de elaboración de glucosa mediante hidrólisis acido-térmica |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2323022A (en) * | 1940-03-02 | 1943-06-29 | Ferrari Demetrio | Process for saccharifying cellulose |
US2752270A (en) * | 1949-01-31 | 1956-06-26 | Bergin Ag Deutsche | Process of hydrolyzing wood in preparing crystalling glucose |
US2945777A (en) * | 1957-12-27 | 1960-07-19 | Udic Sa | Process for the saccharification of softwood sawdust |
US4058411A (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1977-11-15 | General Electric Company | Decrystallization of cellulose |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2959500A (en) * | 1956-02-14 | 1960-11-08 | Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft | Process for the saccharification of cellulose and cellulosic materials |
GB893822A (en) * | 1958-02-27 | 1962-04-11 | Carl Freudenberg K G A A | Improvements relating to the production of aqueous cellulose gels and sols |
-
1978
- 1978-03-08 US US05/884,478 patent/US4174976A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-02-27 ZA ZA79946A patent/ZA79946B/xx unknown
- 1979-02-28 GB GB7907042A patent/GB2016014B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-02-28 AU AU44697/79A patent/AU521560B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-03-02 SE SE7901897A patent/SE439930B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-03-06 DE DE19792908990 patent/DE2908990A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-03-07 FI FI790789A patent/FI66645C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-03-07 JP JP2660279A patent/JPS54160755A/ja active Pending
- 1979-03-07 BR BR7901383A patent/BR7901383A/pt unknown
- 1979-03-08 CA CA322,979A patent/CA1110233A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-08 FR FR7906023A patent/FR2419324A1/fr active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2323022A (en) * | 1940-03-02 | 1943-06-29 | Ferrari Demetrio | Process for saccharifying cellulose |
US2752270A (en) * | 1949-01-31 | 1956-06-26 | Bergin Ag Deutsche | Process of hydrolyzing wood in preparing crystalling glucose |
US2945777A (en) * | 1957-12-27 | 1960-07-19 | Udic Sa | Process for the saccharification of softwood sawdust |
US4058411A (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1977-11-15 | General Electric Company | Decrystallization of cellulose |
Cited By (65)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4831127A (en) * | 1983-07-12 | 1989-05-16 | Sbp, Inc. | Parenchymal cell cellulose and related materials |
US20070129451A1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-06-07 | Niemann Lance K | Bio-based, insulating foam |
US20120116068A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2012-05-10 | Basf Se | Method for breaking down cellulose in solution |
AU2007222455B2 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2012-06-07 | Basf Se | Method for breaking down cellulose in solution |
US20090062524A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2009-03-05 | Basf Se | Method for breaking down cellulose in solution |
US8784566B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2014-07-22 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
US20100170504A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2010-07-08 | Zhang Y H Percival | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
CN101449001B (zh) * | 2006-03-29 | 2013-05-08 | 弗吉尼亚暨州立大学知识产权公司 | 具有适中反应条件和试剂循环的纤维素-溶剂型木质纤维素的分级分离 |
US20140190471A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2014-07-10 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
US9663835B2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2017-05-30 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
AU2006340913B2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2012-09-20 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
WO2007111605A1 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-04 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Cellulose-solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation with modest reaction conditions and reagent cycling |
US8236536B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2012-08-07 | The University Of Toledo | Saccharifying cellulose |
US20080227162A1 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-18 | Sasidhar Varanasi | Biomass pretreatment |
US8546109B2 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2013-10-01 | Suganit Systems, Inc. | Biomass pretreatment |
US8030030B2 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2011-10-04 | The University Of Toledo | Biomass pretreatment |
US20090229599A1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-17 | Zhang Y H Percival | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
AU2009223302B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2013-12-05 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
WO2009114843A1 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-09-17 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
CN102027021A (zh) * | 2008-03-14 | 2011-04-20 | 弗吉尼亚暨州立大学知识产权公司 | 使用超纤维素溶剂和高挥发性溶剂预处理木质纤维素的方法和装置 |
US8900369B2 (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2014-12-02 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
CN102027021B (zh) * | 2008-03-14 | 2014-03-26 | 弗吉尼亚暨州立大学知识产权公司 | 使用超纤维素溶剂和高挥发性溶剂预处理木质纤维素的方法和装置 |
US8663392B2 (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2014-03-04 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method and apparatus for lignocellulose pretreatment using a super-cellulose-solvent and highly volatile solvents |
US20100009546A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Aminosilanes for Shallow Trench Isolation Films |
WO2010124944A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-04 | Heli Inovatio Handelsbolag | Process for the hydrolysis of cellulose |
US8758517B2 (en) | 2009-04-28 | 2014-06-24 | Re:Newcell Lux S.A.R.L | Process for the hydrolysis of cellulose |
CN102712851B (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2015-02-25 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 生物基原料的直接水相重整 |
US9493719B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2016-11-15 | Shell Oil Company | Biofuels via hydrogenolysis-condensation |
US20110154721A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-06-30 | Chheda Juben Nemchand | Biofuels via hydrogenolysis-condensation |
US9447349B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2016-09-20 | Shell Oil Company | Direct aqueous phase reforming of bio-based feedstocks |
US9447347B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2016-09-20 | Shell Oil Company | Biofuels via hydrogenolysis-condensation |
CN102712851A (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-10-03 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 生物基原料的直接水相重整 |
US9303226B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2016-04-05 | Shell Oil Company | Direct aqueous phase reforming of bio-based feedstocks |
US20110154722A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-06-30 | Chheda Juben Nemchand | Direct aqueous phase reforming of bio-based feedstocks |
WO2011082000A1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-07 | Shell Oil Company | Direct aqueous phase reforming of bio-based feedstocks |
US20110201061A1 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-08-18 | Sarjit Johal | Process For Hydrolysis Of Wet Fiber And Method For Producing Fermentation Products From Wet Fiber |
US8658405B2 (en) | 2010-02-16 | 2014-02-25 | Grain Processing Corporation | Process for hydrolysis of wet fiber and method for producing fermentation products from wet fiber |
US9963673B2 (en) | 2010-06-26 | 2018-05-08 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar mixtures and methods for production and use thereof |
US10752878B2 (en) | 2010-06-26 | 2020-08-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar mixtures and methods for production and use thereof |
US9410216B2 (en) | 2010-06-26 | 2016-08-09 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar mixtures and methods for production and use thereof |
US9476106B2 (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2016-10-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing a sucrose crop and sugar mixtures |
US10760138B2 (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2020-09-01 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing a sucrose crop and sugar mixtures |
US11242650B2 (en) | 2010-08-01 | 2022-02-08 | Virdia, Llc | Methods and systems for solvent purification |
US9115467B2 (en) | 2010-08-01 | 2015-08-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for solvent purification |
US10240217B2 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2019-03-26 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing sugar mixtures and resultant compositions |
US9663836B2 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2017-05-30 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods and systems for processing sugar mixtures and resultant compositions |
US8404355B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-03-26 | Virdia Ltd | Methods and systems for processing lignocellulosic materials and related compositions |
US10876178B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2020-12-29 | Virdia, Inc. | Lignocellulosic conversion processes and products |
US9512495B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2016-12-06 | Virdia, Inc. | Lignocellulose conversion processes and products |
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US9617608B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2017-04-11 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar compositions |
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US9976194B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2018-05-22 | Virdia, Inc. | Sugar compositions |
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WO2013110814A1 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Bioecon International Holding N.V. | Process for recovering saccharides from cellulose hydrolysis reaction mixture |
EP2620442A1 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2013-07-31 | BIOeCON International Holding N.V. | Process for recovering saccharides from cellulose hydrolysis reaction mixture |
US9493851B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2016-11-15 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US9631246B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2017-04-25 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US9650687B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2017-05-16 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US11053558B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2021-07-06 | Virdia, Llc | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US9783861B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2017-10-10 | Virdia, Inc. | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
US11965220B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2024-04-23 | Virdia, Llc | Methods for treating lignocellulosic materials |
WO2015023418A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Conversion of cellulose into simple sugars |
US11078548B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2021-08-03 | Virdia, Llc | Method for producing xylitol by fermentation |
US11091815B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | Virdia, Llc | Integrated methods for treating lignocellulosic material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2419324A1 (fr) | 1979-10-05 |
FR2419324B1 (pt) | 1984-03-30 |
DE2908990A1 (de) | 1979-09-20 |
CA1110233A (en) | 1981-10-06 |
AU521560B2 (en) | 1982-04-08 |
BR7901383A (pt) | 1979-10-02 |
GB2016014B (en) | 1982-12-08 |
AU4469779A (en) | 1979-09-13 |
ZA79946B (en) | 1980-03-26 |
FI66645C (fi) | 1984-11-12 |
GB2016014A (en) | 1979-09-19 |
FI790789A (fi) | 1979-09-09 |
JPS54160755A (en) | 1979-12-19 |
SE7901897L (sv) | 1979-09-09 |
FI66645B (fi) | 1984-07-31 |
SE439930B (sv) | 1985-07-08 |
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