US408147A - Thomas taylor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

' T. TAYLOR.

LOCK.

No. 408,147. Patented July 30, 1889".

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THOMAS TAYLOR, OF SOUTH NORXVALK, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE NORlVALK LOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,147, dated July 30, 1889.

Application filed March 25, 1889. Serial No. 304,637. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of South Norwalk, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Locks; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and

which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a perspective view of a lock with the tube attached; Fig. 2, a face view of the lock mechanism, showing the face-plate in vertical section and the inner end of the tube, representing the tube as engaged with the setscrew to hold it in place; Fig. 3, the same as Fig. 2, showing the tube disengaged; Fig. 4, a horizontal section above the tube-engaging dog, looking downward; Fig. 5, a longitudinal central section through the tube, cylinder, and tumblers; Fig. 6, a transverse section of the same, showing face view of one of the tumblers with the parts in their normal position; Fig. 7, the same as Fig. 6, showing the tumblers as brought into position for unlocking; Fig. 8, the same as Fig. 7, showing the cylinder as commencing its rotation; Fig. 9, a transverse section like Fig. 6, but showing the tumbler in the reverse posit-ion; Fig. 10, a side view of the key.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of locks in which the mechanism is arranged in a tube to be introduced through the surface of the door, and so as to engage the mechanism of the lock in the door or upon the reverse side of the door, accordingly as the lock may be a mortise or rim lock.

The key mechanism is arranged in a cylinder in the tube, and in which cylinder the key-hole is formed, and so that upon the insertion of the key the cylinder may be rotated, and it being in connection with the mechanism will operate the latch-bolt, and particularly to those locks of this class in which the engagement between the tube and cylinderis made by a series of radial pins arranged in the cylinder, and so as to engage corresponding seats in the tube when the cylinder is brought to the locking position, the entrance of the key operating to draw the said pins inward and out of engagement with the tube, so as to permit the rotation of the cylinder.

The object of my invention is to provide the cylinder with a series of tumblers upon which the key will operate independent of the pins, and so that the key cannot take a bearing upon the pins, and thereby avoid wear upon the pins, which ultimately interferes with the proper working of the lock; and the invention consists in the construction as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the lock-case; B, the faceplate; C, the bolt; and D, the tube, represented in Fig. l. as screwed into its place in the case.

Broadly considered, this is the usual arrangement. Eccentrically through the tube a cylindrical recess is formed, in which the cylinder E is arranged in the usual manner, the end of the cylinder extending through the face of the tube, and so as to expose the key-hole, as seen in Figs. 3 and 5, also in the usual manner.

The cylinder E is constructed with several transverse recesses, according to the number of tumblers required, and into these recesses the tumblers 2, 3, 4., 5, and 6 (more or less in number) are introduced and hung upon a longitudinal pivot F, so as to swing transversely across the key-hole or key-passage. In the plane of the key-hole the tumblers are each constructed with an opening G, through which the key may pass. These openings are greater in length than the width of the key. The tumblers are each provided with a spring H, which rests upon a bearing 7 or 8 in the cylinder, according to whether the tumblers are arranged to swing to the right or left, the tendency of the spring being to hold the tumblers in their normal position and against a bearing upon the opposite side, as represented in Fig. 6. The springs rest upon a bearing 7 on one side, and the tumblers upon the bearing 8 on the opposite side; but the springs yield as the key is inserted, as inclicated in Fig. 7. v

In Fig. 9 a tumbler is represented as in the reverse direction from that of Fig. 6, in which case the spring rests upon the bearing 8 and ICO - duce this inward movement.

the tumbler upon the bearing '7, consequently the movement of the two tumblers would be in the opposite direction. These tumblers may be arranged, a portion so as to swing in one direction and the remainder in the opposite direction. The key bears only upon the spring end of the tumbler-key opening, consequently one edge of the key may be shaped without reference to the opposite edge, and as seen in Fig. 10. As a guide for the key and to support it in its proper central position, it is constructed with a longitudinal groove 9 on one side, and the key-hole in the cylinder is constructed with a corresponding rib 10, so that as the key is introduced it will ride upon this rod as a guide. The openings through the several tumblers vary in position, so that the key operates differently upon different tumblers, the difference of movement of the tumblers corresponding to the irregularities in the key. Each tumbler is 0011- structed with a gate at, these gates being in such relation to each other and to their respective key-openings that when the key is inserted to its full extent the gates at will come into line, as usual in tumblers of this character- In the cylinder radial pins I are setcorresponding to the respective tumblers, these pins being free to move radially, as from the position in Fig. 6 to that seen in Fig. 8, each pin being provided with a spring J, the tendency of which is to force the spring outward.

The interior of the tube D is constructed with seats K, into which the several pins may extend when the cylinder E is in its normal position, and as seen in Fig. 6. The outer ends of the pins are rounded, and the'seats of corresponding shape, so that if the pins are free a rotation imparted to the cylinder E will cause the pins to act in connection'with the seats K as cams and force the pins inward. Normally the tumblers stand with their'gates at out of line with their respective pins, as seen in Figs. 6 and 9, and so that the inner ends of the pins rest upon the periphery of their respective tumblers; but when the tumblers are'turned to bring the gates into line with their respective pins, as seen in Fig. '7, then 'the pins are free to move inward and so as to bring theirinner ends into their respective gates, as in Fig. 8.

The key is inserted into the cylinder in the usual manner and so as to bring the tumblers into a position that their several gates will correspond to the respective pins. Then turning the key imparts a corresponding rotation to the cylinder, which forces the pins inward into their respective gates, as seen in Fig. 8, the movement of the cylinder causing a camlike action between the tube and pins to pro- The pins then follow the inner surface of the tube until the locking or unlocking is produced, as the case may be, and the key returned, so as to bring the cylinder back to its normal position. The spring of the pins will force them into their through the face-plate.

respective seats, and then as the key is withdrawn the tumblers will, under the action of their respective springs, return to their normal position. The end of the cylinder is constructed with the usual finger L, by which to engage the lock-bolt.

The tube D is screw-threaded upon its outside, and the lock-case correspondingly screwthreaded. As usual in this class of locks, the tube is constructed with a longitudinal groove M upon its side, also in the usualmanner, to afford means for preventing the rotation of the tube when once brought to its required position with relation to the lock mechanism. 7

To engage the tube, I introduce into the case a screw N, the head 0 of which extends This screw is provided with a square or angular collar P inside the face-plate, which prevents longitudinal movement of the screw, but yet leaves the screw free to rotate. The screw is also supported in a suitable bearing R in the case, and between the screw and the tube a sliding dog S is arranged, screw-threaded, corresponding to the thread of the screw 0, and so that by turning the screw 0 the dog may be forced inward to bring its nose into engagement with the groove in the tube, as seen in Fig. 2, or, turned in the opposite direction, will be drawn from that groove, as seen in Fig. 3. This dog is employed where the lock-case is constructed for the introduction of .the tube from each side, the dog extending acrossthe case, having a nose at each 'side,' eitherof which is adapted to enter the groove'of the tube accordingly as the tube is. introduced from one side or the other. The collar P stands directly against oneedge of the bolthead 0, as seen in Fig. 2, whenthe'bolt-head is in the drawn position. Consequently the angular shape of the collar prevents the rotation of the screw when the bolt is drawn;but when the bolt is thrown, as seen in Fig. 3, its surface is taken outside the collar, and so as to leave the collar free to be rotated.

I claim f 1. In a tubular lock, the combination of the tube D, constructed with a cylindrical longitudinal recess, a cylinder E, arranged longitudinally therein, having a key-hole opening at its outer end and its inner end adapted to en-. gage the lock-bolt mechanism, the cylinder constructed with one or more transverse recesses cutting across the key-hole, .a tumbler hung in each of said transverse recesses, and so as to swing in a plane across the plane of the key-hole, each tumbler constructed with an opening corresponding to the key-hole and through which the key may pass, the tumblers each provided with a spring to yieldingly hold it in its normal position, each tumbler constructed with a gate upon its periphery, radial pins arranged in openings through the cylinderonto the periphery of the-tumblers, springs between the pins and the tumblers,- the tendency of which is toforce the pins hole, the cylinder constructed with two or more transverse recesses cutting across the key-hole, tumblers arranged in said recesses and hung upon a pivot, so as to swing therein across the plane of the key-hole, the tumblers each constructed with an opening in line with the key hole, but of a length greater than the width of the key, a spring for each tumbler, and a bearing for the said spring, with a bearing upon the opposite side against which the tumblers may rest and there yieldingly held by said springs, the periphery of the tumblers, each constructed with a gate a, pins 1, corresponding to the said tumblers and arranged in openings through the cylinder onto the tumblers, each pin provided with a spring the tendency of which is to force the pin outward, the cylinder constructed with seats K, adapted to receive the said pins when in normal position, and a key having its edges constructed of irregular shape and adapted to work against the end of the tumbler-openings toward the said springs, substantially as described.

THOMAS TAYLOR. Witnesses:

CURTIS B. SMITH, JAooB M. LAYTON.

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