US3995490A - Method and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of a continuous metallurgical process - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of a continuous metallurgical process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3995490A
US3995490A US05/662,179 US66217975A US3995490A US 3995490 A US3995490 A US 3995490A US 66217975 A US66217975 A US 66217975A US 3995490 A US3995490 A US 3995490A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
metal
continuous
temperature
helix
slag
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/662,179
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English (en)
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US4040032A (en
Inventor
Donatello Canalini
Eugenio Repetto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/188—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to thickness of solidified shell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of a continuous metallurgical process, such as electroslag remelting of metals (hereinafter ESR) or continuous casting.
  • ESR electroslag remelting of metals
  • each parameter to be monitored has had its own particular device for that purpose, for example, for monitoring and controlling the power delivered by the electrode in ESR, or the voltage or intensity of current, or the level of liquid metal in an ingot mold.
  • the level of a liquid metal can be monitored by placing a row of thermocouples parallel to the axis of, for example, an ingot mold, in contact with the wall of the ingot mold close to the ingot produced. An abrupt variation in temperature occurs at the level of the surface of the liquid metal.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of such a method and apparatus, which will permit simultaneously the monitoring of the liquid level of liquid metal in a mold, the height of the slag above the liquid metal, the variation of the thickness of the solidified slag that surrounds the cast metal object, the smelting speed, and other parameters which must be monitored if an intelligent control of the process as a whole is to be exercised.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved by passing a coolant fluid in indirect heat exchange with the molten metal undergoing casting or refining, as well as the same metal after it has solidified, and with any slag that surmounts the molten metal, and continuously monitoring the temperature, not of the mold walls as in the prior art, but rather of the moving coolant, so that a continuous measurement is obtained, not of the temperature of the molten or solidified metal or slag, but rather of the heat emitted by the same.
  • the heat flow from the solidified and the molten metal and the slag tends to vary rather sharply at the interfaces between these regions, in a way that the mere temperature may not; and so the locations of these regions within the sleeve can be more accurately determined.
  • the coolant is passed in a continuous helical path that extends axially on both sides of the region of the molten metal, and the temperature of the coolant in each of the turns of the helix is continuously monitored.
  • the necessary information is easily derived, to enable control of various parameters of the process, such as power supplied to the electrodes in the case of ESR, the rate of movement of the ingot mold and the ingot relative to each other, the rate of coolant flow, and so on, so as to permit optimum control of the metallurgical process in question.
  • the drawing there is shown an arrangement for cladding a cylindrical ingot with metal, according to the ESR process.
  • the ingot 1 passes axially through an annular ingot mold of the so-called "T-type".
  • the mold may have any of a variety of other known configurations.
  • a metal layer 2 is continuously and progressively clad to the ingot 1, in a cylindrical sheath thereabout.
  • the mold 3 has a least inside diameter which exceeds the diameter of the ingot 1 by twice the thickness of the cladding 2.
  • the mold 3 is hollow and is divided into a plurality of continuous interconnected helical turns 4', 4", 4'" and 4 IV , which are at least ten in number but are shown to be of a lesser number in the drawing for clarity of illustration.
  • a continuous helicoidal baffle 5 delineates the various turns.
  • thermoelement 6 Into each turn of the helicoidal passageway thus provided, is inserted a thermoelement 6 in the form of a known thermocouple or thermoresistance element. Each thermoelement 6 is connected to a recording circuit of known type, which accordingly is not shown. Each thermoelement 6 thus registers a continuous trace, for example, on conventional recording means.
  • the coolant e.g. water
  • the coolant in each turn of the helical passageway within the mold will absorb a certain quantity of heat which is a function of the enthalpy and conductivity of the material adjacent the material in contact with the mold, that is, the solidified metal, the molten metal or the slag.
  • the coolant moves with sufficient speed through the helical passageway and in sufficient volume that it never boils.
  • the different zones may be at temperatures which are not indicative of the nature of the zone, the heat emitted by the zone will be, by comparison, quite distinctive of that zone, and so the locations of the various zones, i.e. the solidified metal, the molten metal and any slag, can be precisely and reliably determined by comparison of the continuous readings of each thermoelement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US05/662,179 1974-10-11 1975-10-14 Method and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of a continuous metallurgical process Expired - Lifetime US3995490A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT53487/74 1974-10-11
IT53487/74A IT1021775B (it) 1974-10-11 1974-10-11 Processo e dispositivo per il controllo della fusione di metalli sotto scoria elettrofusa

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3995490A true US3995490A (en) 1976-12-07

Family

ID=11283144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/662,179 Expired - Lifetime US3995490A (en) 1974-10-11 1975-10-14 Method and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of a continuous metallurgical process

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3995490A (de)
BE (1) BE834416A (de)
DE (1) DE2545162C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2287514A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1493728A (de)
IT (1) IT1021775B (de)
LU (1) LU73568A1 (de)
NL (1) NL7512026A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5394749A (en) * 1993-02-25 1995-03-07 Hughes Aircraft Company Method and apparatus for detecting the position of fluid-fluid interfaces
US6152209A (en) * 1997-05-31 2000-11-28 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for measuring and regulating the temperature and quantity of cooling water for water-coolable walls of a continuous casting mold
US20060104331A1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2006-05-18 David Dreher Device for measuring, monitoring and/or controlling a temperature

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110548840B (zh) * 2019-10-09 2024-04-02 辽宁科技大学 在连铸过程中向结晶器加入加热固态保护渣的装置及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3204460A (en) * 1962-08-13 1965-09-07 United States Steel Corp System for indicating the liquid level in a continuous-casting mold or the like
US3358743A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-12-19 Bunker Ramo Continuous casting system
US3456715A (en) * 1966-08-16 1969-07-22 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus for the measurement of levels of high temperature materials
US3456714A (en) * 1966-03-05 1969-07-22 Olsson Ag Erik Casting level-control device for a continuous casting installation
US3797310A (en) * 1972-02-28 1974-03-19 Steel Corp Temperature sensing device
US3864973A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-02-11 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Method and apparatus for determining the operating conditions in continuous metal casting machines of the type having a revolving endless casting belt
US3923091A (en) * 1973-04-17 1975-12-02 Mannesmann Ag Method of supervising skin thickness in a solidifying body such as a continuously cast ingot

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB728144A (en) * 1952-06-16 1955-04-13 Asea Ab Method for maintaining a constant casting speed in continuous casting
AT282843B (de) * 1967-11-06 1970-07-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Halterung für Kokillen, insbesondere in Anlagen zum Elektroschlackenumschmelzen von Metallen, z.B. von Stählen
US3614978A (en) * 1968-07-01 1971-10-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Computerized continuous casting system control responsive to strand position
US3752216A (en) * 1969-05-14 1973-08-14 Sandel Ind Inc Apparatus for homogeneous refining and continuously casting metals and alloys
CH552423A (de) * 1972-04-18 1974-08-15 Concast Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern des waermeentzuges in kokillen beim stranggiessen.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3204460A (en) * 1962-08-13 1965-09-07 United States Steel Corp System for indicating the liquid level in a continuous-casting mold or the like
US3358743A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-12-19 Bunker Ramo Continuous casting system
US3456714A (en) * 1966-03-05 1969-07-22 Olsson Ag Erik Casting level-control device for a continuous casting installation
US3456715A (en) * 1966-08-16 1969-07-22 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus for the measurement of levels of high temperature materials
US3797310A (en) * 1972-02-28 1974-03-19 Steel Corp Temperature sensing device
US3864973A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-02-11 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Method and apparatus for determining the operating conditions in continuous metal casting machines of the type having a revolving endless casting belt
US3923091A (en) * 1973-04-17 1975-12-02 Mannesmann Ag Method of supervising skin thickness in a solidifying body such as a continuously cast ingot

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5394749A (en) * 1993-02-25 1995-03-07 Hughes Aircraft Company Method and apparatus for detecting the position of fluid-fluid interfaces
US6152209A (en) * 1997-05-31 2000-11-28 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for measuring and regulating the temperature and quantity of cooling water for water-coolable walls of a continuous casting mold
US20060104331A1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2006-05-18 David Dreher Device for measuring, monitoring and/or controlling a temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1493728A (en) 1977-11-30
BE834416A (fr) 1976-02-02
DE2545162C3 (de) 1978-09-07
LU73568A1 (de) 1976-06-11
FR2287514B1 (de) 1978-04-07
NL7512026A (nl) 1976-04-13
IT1021775B (it) 1978-02-20
DE2545162A1 (de) 1976-04-22
FR2287514A1 (fr) 1976-05-07
DE2545162B2 (de) 1978-01-05

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