US394879A - phillips - Google Patents

Description

'2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

F. V. PHILLIPS.

MORTI'SING MACHINE.

No. 394.879. Patented Dec. 18. 1888.

N. PETERS. Plv. J-Lilhognphev. Walhlngium 0.5.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2..

(No Model.)

F. V. PHILLIPS.

MORTISING MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 18., 1888.

N. PETERS, Ph'ckrulhcgnphsr. Wnhinginn, D. C.

llNrrn'n STATES PATENT Orrics.

FRANCIS V. PHILLIPS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE CHICAGO SASII PULLEY COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MOR'T'lSlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,879, dated December 18, 1888.

Application filed December 15, 1887. Renewed October 15, 1888. Serial No. 288,194:- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS Y. PHILLIPS, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-lllachi11es; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference IO marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in mortisinganachines.

The improvement is herein shown as em- 15 bodied in a machine more especially intended for mortising window-stiles to receive sashcord pulleys, said machine being adapted to form two slots or mortises side by side and parallel with each other at one time.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figurel is a side elevation of a mortising-machine embodying my invention. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken upon line :0 .r of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken upon line y y of Fig. 9. Fig. 5 is a sectional view 0 taken upon line .2 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is aplan view of the machine, showing a changed position of the same, with the cutting-tools advanced through the wood being operated upon.

3 5 As illustrated in the said drawings, A indicates a base or table, to which the several parts of the machine are attached. B B are two tool-holding spindles arranged horizontally above said table.

C is a sliding work-holder arranged between and constructed to move at right angles to the spindles B B. The spindles B B are arranged in the same vertical plane, but in different horizontal planes, and said spin- 5 dles are mounted in bearings which have sliding connection with the base or table, adapted to allow the spindles and their bearings to move endwise toward and from the work-holder C, which is located between them.

b b are cutter-heads or tools of that kind sometimes called routing-bits, which act by rotation and are arranged to operate both as boring-tools and as lateral cutters, said (miter-heads being secured in the ends of the spindles BB in such manner that when the spindles are advanced toward the workcarrier C the cutter-heads will extend pastor overlap each other. The said cutter-heads I) Z) may be of any form or construction adapted both for boring and laterally cutting, those herein shown being of familiar construction, having two parallel oppositelydirect-ed longitudinal cutting-edges terminating at the extremity of the tools in transverse cutting-edges like those of an auger or similar boringtool. The cutter-heads thus c011- structed operate to first make cylindric holes in or through the work and then cutsidewise as the work is moved, so as to form slots or mortises having parallel side walls. 7o

Sliding supports for the spindles B and B are herein shown as made as follows: D D are two horizontal trans\'ersely-arranged sup- 1 orting-bars or pillow-blocks provided with bearing-boxes (Z (Z for the spindle B. The pillow-blocks D have sliding engagement at their opposite ends with two horizontal guidebars, D D which are rigidly sustained upon or from the base A by means of arms or brackets 61 d Said pillow-blocks are rigidly connected with each other by a horizontal girt, d. D D are similar pillow-blocks provided with bearings d d for the spindle B, and supported by horizontal guide-bars D D which are supported by means of brackets (l d from the base A. The pillow-blocks D D are rigidly connected by a girt, d. The pillow-blocks D D D D, together with the spindles B B sustained thereby, are adapted to he slid back and forth upon the guide-bars 0 D D D D in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the spindles, so as to advance the cutting-tools b 1) toward and retract them from the work held in the work-holder C. The spindles B B are provided with suitable beltpulleys, B B by which rapid rotary motion may be transmitted thereto, the belt-pulleys,

as herein shown, being located upon the spindles in the parts thereof between the bearings d d and d d.

In connection with the spindles B and B, mounted to rotate and slide longitudinally in IOO moving the guide-bars l) D I) I) vertically with relation to the bed of the machine. The

said bars D D I) I) are in the machine illustrated supported by brackets d d d d from thebed A, as above deseribt'zd, and said brackets are connected with the bed by means of vertically-arranged screw-bolts (1 which pass through horizontal parts of the brackets (F d and enter the bed piece or plate A, and for sustaining the said brackets d d at a greater or less distance above the said bed-piece A filling pieces or blocks l) I)", vary'i ng in. thickness as necessary to bring the spindles in a desired vertical position, are inserted between the said brackets and the upper surface of the bed-plate.

The particular filling-blocks D .1) illustrated embody novel features of construction, as follows: Said blocks are made considerable longer in one direction than the other, and are stepped. or made thicker at one end than the other, the thinner parts of the blocks being indicated at (i d and the thicker parts at d" (1. Each of said blocks is, t'urthermore, provided with a central loi'lgitudinal slot, (1 extending from the middle of the thickerpart d to that of the thinner part (1*. \Vhen the blocks .D I) are placed beneath the brackets d d", the bolts (0 (Z are inserted through the said slot (1 thereby preventing the blocks from being ctnnpletely detached or removed from place. A construction of this kind a t.- fords adjustment to two positions only in the use of one pair of blocks for each spindle, the brackets d I or (1(1 resting either upon the thinner parts [l of the blocks or the thicker parts d" thereof. The vertical position of either spindle is readily changed by loosening up the bolts (1, shifting the blocks I) or D so as to luring their thicker or thinner parts beneath the bracket, and then tightening" the bolts.

1 have shown the filling-blocks1') I)"as'applied to one of each pair of guide-bars D 1) D D, it being entirely obvious that one of said guide-bars may be raised or lowered to change the vertical position of the spindle without affecting the operation of the other guide-bar, provided the latter is made round, as shown in the drawings. When provision is made for the vertical adjustment of one of the guide-bars, as I) I) of each pair, I preferably locate the spindles 15 B at the ends of the pillow-Mocks or bars I) I) I) I) nearest the adjustable gliiille-lmrs D D in the manner illustrated in the drawings.

The construction illustrated, whereby the vertical adjustment of the tool-carrying spindles is accomplished bychanging' the vertical position of one pair of guide-bars only, is obviously a simple and. cmlvenient one, and the employment of filling-blocks l) I)", stepped or made thicker at one part than another, is obviously well :ulapted. for use where a machine is intended for making the same article in two or three dilierent sizes. It is of course obvious that the blocks 'I)" l) maybe provided with any number of steps according to the number of changes or positions necessary for accomplishing the work for which the machine is intended.

It is also obvious that filling-blocks like those described may be used under all of the bracke .s, or those supporting both guidebars .I) I) I) .l') belonging to either or both of the spindles. The said guide-bars are shown in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and (.3 as applied to the brackets at the rear part of the machine. \Vhen filling-blocks l) I) (made in the manner illustrated) are em'l'iloved for I sustaining all of the brackets (Z (l d (7, an

increased capacity for vertical adjustment is obviously provided, inasmuch as either spin dle will be elevated to a greater extent when the thicker parts of the filling blocks are placed under all. of the supportingdirackets of a spindle than when placed under two of them only.

In the operation of the machine the toolholding spindles are preferably advaneml to ward the work simultaneously from opposite sides of the latter, and devices are herein shown for moving both of said spindles by hand at the same time, the devices being made as follows: E is a hand-lever arranged horizontally and pivoted at e to the machinedmse A. E isa connecting-bar pivotally connected with the end of said lever I l and with the rear pillow-block, l),of the spindle l3. E' is a second connecting-l)ar pivoted to one of the pillow-Mocks l) of the spindle ll,and connected with the lever E between the pivot 0 thereof and the handle. The pivotal connect ionsbetween the connecting-rods It and E and the lever E are arrz'tnged at approximately equal distances from the pivot e o t' the lever. The

same extent of movement in the spindles will thus be produced when the said lever is swung about its pivot, so-that by means of the said lever E the cutter-heads maybe advanced to the same extent and at the same speed through the work. The position of the spindle and cutter-heads when the latter are free from the work is illustrated in Fig. 2, while the position of the parts when the heads areadvanced through the work is shown in Fig. (3.

The wm'lcholder adapted for use with the devices above described embraces, as its es sential features, a support or guide for the wooden strip or strips to be operated upon, holding the latter in posit ion l.)etween the cutter-hezinls and adapted to allow the said strips to be moved. laterally with relation to the heads in such manner that the heads will cut an elongated opening, mortise, or slot after they have been advanced through the wood.

The particular work-holder shown is provided with a clamp for holding the work and with devices for moving the clamp bodily with re lation to the cutter-heads. Said work-holder is made as follows:

F F are two guide-bars arranged parallel with each other above the base A and at right angles to the spindles I 3. Said guide-bars are supported at their ends in castings ff, attached to the base A.

G G are two U-shaped castings mounted and sliding upon the said guide-bars F F, with their arms or forks g 9 extending upwardly. The castings G G are rigidly connected with each other by a longitudinal bar, G, located between the guide-bars F F. To the inner faces of said prongs g g are secured parallel vertical side pieces, G G which, together with a horizontal bottom plate or strip, G also secured to said castings G G, form a trough-sha 'md holder, within which the work is placed.

For holding the work in place within the work-holder, I have herein shown a clamping device consisting of ascrew-shaft, II, passing through one of the prongs g of one of the castings G and provided with a plate, 72, at its inner end, adapted to bear against the board or strip placed within the holder. Said shaft II is provided with a hand wheel or crank, II, by which 'it may be conveniently turned.

I have herein shown as placed within the work-holder two similar boards, I I, which are to form the stile or side pieces of a window- .frame, said pieces or strips being provided each with a central longitudinal groove, 2' 1', which is to receive the parting-strip of the frame. The pair of stiles I I belonging to one window will commonly be placed together in the holder with their outer faces, or those containing the grooves i i, in contact with each other. The work-holder will be so adjusted, furthermore, as to sustain the edges of the boards at equal distances above the upper cutter and below the lower cutter, or with the grooves i midway vertically between the cut tiers, so that the slots or mortises formed by the cutters will be located midway of the sashgrooves of the frame when the stiles are in place.

The advantage of operatin upon two strips or stiles at once, in the manner described, is that the mortises formed in both stiles will be exactly opposite each other and equidistant from the ends of the stiles, while at the same time by placing the external faces of the stiles in contact with each other any breaking or splintering of the wood at the margins of the slots as the cutters pass through the same will be prevented, it being entirely obvious that inasmuch as the cutters advance from opposite directions one cutter must enter the wood of any single strip or stile at the rear face of the same and pass out through the front face thereof, so that when a single strip is operated upon at once one or the other of the cutters is liable to splinter or mar the finished surface where it emerges therefrom.

L, Figs. 5 and 6, is an adjustable stop for determining the longitudinal position of the strips, boards, or stiles inserted in the workholder. Said stop L is herein shown as consisting of a transverse bar attached to a longitudinally-arranged stem, L, which extends through a guide-aperture in one of the prongs g of the casting G of the work-holder nearest the rear side of the machine. By shifting the stem Ii within the prong g the position of the slots or mortises with relation to the ends of the blanks or stiles I I may obviously be determined and varied, as desired.

A sliding work-holder constructed in the manner above described may be moved to carry the work longitudinal] y by hand 'or otherwise, as may be desired or preferred. I have herein illustrated, however, a device em-' bracing a hand-lever for actuating the workholder, said device being made as follows: J is a hand-lever pivoted atj upon the base A of the machine. Said hand-lever is provided with an arm, J, to the free end of which is pivoted a connecting-bar, J which is pivoted also to one of the castings G of the sliding work-holder. By swinging the hand-lever J about its pivot the work-holder is carried endwise in a familiar manner.

For controlling the length of the slot ormortise made by the cutting-tools when the strip or board through which said tools have been advanced is moved longitudinally, a suitable stop engaging the work-holder, or any other part connected and moving therewith, may be employed. In the drawings, K, Figs. 1, 2, l, and 5, is an adjustable stop adapted to engage the casting G, adjacent to the forward side of the machine, or that at which the operator stands as the work-holder is moved forward. A stop to limit the rearward motion of the work-holder is, in the instance illustrated, formed by the rear support, f, of the guidebars F F. In the particular construction herein shown the stop K consists of a horizontal bar bent upwardly at its end, which is engaged by the work-holder and provided with a longitudinal slot, is, in its horizontal. part, through which slot passes a set-screw, k, which enters the casting f and clamps the stop immovably to the said casting. By shifting the adjustable stop K bacluvard and forward the length of the slots or mortises made by the rotating cutting-tool may be adjusted, as desired.

For adjusting the bottom plate, G of the work-holder vertically in order that the work may be sustained in a-tlesir vertical position with relation to the cutting-tools, said bottom plate is sustained from the castings G G as follows: G G are two vertically-arranged set-screws screw-threaded at their lower ends to engage screw-threaded apertures in the castings G G. At their upper ends the said set-screws G G are engaged with bearingapertures in the plate G said set-screws being provided beneath the plate with shoulders or collars g g to ati'ord vertical support to the said bottom ,)late. At their upper ends, above the collar g, the set-screws G G" are providwl with heads eng ing (puntersunlc apertures in the bottom plate, G, so as to bring said heads tiush with the upper surface of the said plate, The set-screws (.i may be rotated for adjusting the bottom plate, tiflby means of a wrench applied to the liat faces of the collars g q; or the upper ends of the set-screws may be slotted tor a screwdriver.

M, Figs. '1 and 2, indicates a rotz'tting cutter attached to the outer end ot the spindle B for the purpose of forming the groove 11 for the parting-strip in case it is desired to use the same machine for this purpose.

N indicates a support-ing-table for use in connection with the revolving cutter M. The table N is herein shown as provided with a vertical guide-flange, v2, and as supported upon vertically-adjustable brackets N, sccured to the base or table A by set-screws n. Laterally-adjustal)le connection between the table N and the said brackets is formed by means of bolts n7 passing through slots in the ln'ackets, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig.

An imptntant t'eatureot' novelty in the machine shown is emln'aced in the construct ion wherein tool-carrying spindles movable toward and from each other are arranged in ditt'erent parallel planes, this construction obviously attording means whereby two parallel slots or mortises may be formed side by side at any distance apart desired, it being entirely obvious that it the spindles were located at the same side 01? the work the slots could be made no closer together than would be allowed by the necessity for providing spindles ol proper size and bearings having the requisite strength for the same to withstand the lateral pressure coming upon the same when the work is thrust against the sides of the cutter-heads.

The machine above described may be used for boring two holes at once in case the work is not moved to elongate the holes, as is done when the machine is used for mortising.

I have hereinbetore described the cuttingtools as being advanced entirely through the work, so as to form mortises or slots therein; but it is entirely obvious that the same machine may be employed to cut closed mortises or recesses i n opposite sides ot a single piece of wood or upon one side otf each of two separate pieces of wood placed together in the holder of the machine by limiting the inward or ad- 'vailce movement ot the cutting-tools, so as to mal; e the recess or i'tBtQSStH of a desired depth.

1 claim as my invention 1. The combination, with two rotary cutterhoads constructed to out both at their ends and sides, of two longitudinally-n'iovable rotatin spindles arranged end to end and out of line with each other and supporting the cutter-headsin position to overlap, substantially as described.

2. The eombinatimi, with two rotary cutterheads constructed to cut on their ends and sides, of two longitudinally-movable rotating spindles arranged end to end and out of line with each other and supporting the cutterheads in position to overlap, a work-holder movable in a (lli'tOtiOll transverse to said spindles, and mechanism connected with said spindles for moving the same longitudinally toward and from each other, substantially as described.

33. A machine for the purpose stated, embracing two revolving cutter-heads, two longitudinally-inovable spindles sustaining the same, bearings for said spindles, and adjustable supports t'or said bearings, whereby the spindles may be moved laterally with relation to each other, substantially as described.

-;l-. The combination, with two revolving cutter-heads and two spindles sustaining said cutter-heads, said spindles being movable longitudinally toward and from each other, of a longitudinally-sliding work-holder movable transversely with relation to the s 'iindles, said work-holder being provided with a verticallyadjustable bottom plate, substantially as described.

5. A machine for the purpose stated, embracing two revolving cutter heads con structed to cut at their ends and sides, two spindles arranged end to end and out of line with each other and sustaining the cutterheads in position to overlap, pillow-blocks affording bearings for said spindles, said pillow-blocks being movable toward and from each other, guide-bars supporting the pillowblocks, and mechanism connected with said pillowblocks acting to move the same simultaneously toward and from each other.

(,3. A machine for the purpose stated, en'e bracing two revolving cutterl1eads, two spindles supporting said cutter-heads, pillowbloeks aiiording bearings for said spindles, guides for the pillow-blocks, a hand-lever, and two connecting-bars pivoted to the pillowi'JlOOkS and to the hand-lever, substantially as described.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing as my invention I at'tix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANCIS PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:

U. CLAnENoE POOLE, 0. N. WILLIs.

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