US3909185A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Abstract

A gas burner comprising a row of a plurality of gas nozzles coupled to a common gas supply and a plurality of rows of air nozzles extending on both sides of the row of gas nozzles parallel thereto. The air nozzles have a respective separate common air supply. The air nozzles and gas nozzles have intersecting directions of discharge for mixing the gas and air. The rows of air nozzles are symmetrically distributed with respect to the row of gas nozzles and are arranged so that the number of air nozzles in each row decreases from row to row in correspondence with increase of distance from the row of gas nozzles. The air nozzles in symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles have uniform cross-sectional discharge areas and these increase from row to row in correspondence with increase in distance from the row of gas nozzles. The arrangement of the gas nozzles and air nozzles can be such as to provide a plurality of individual pyramids.

Description

United States Patent [191 Vits [ GAS BURNER Hilmar Vits, Huschelrath 16. Germany [73] Assignee: Vits-Masehinenbau GmbH,

Langenfeld. Germany [22] Filed: July 29, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 492,918

[75] Inventor:

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 1. 1973 Germany 2344220 [52] US. Cl 431/190; 431/180 [51} Int. Cl.'" F23C 7/02 [58] Field of Search 431/190, 174, 178, 179,

[561 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Primary E.\'aminerEdward G. Favors Attorney. Agent, or FirmWaters, Schwartz & Nissen [57] ABSTRACT A gas burner comprising a row of a plurality of gas nozzles coupled to a common gas supply and a plurality of rows of air nozzles extending on both sides of the row of gas nozzles parallel thereto. The air nozzles have a respective separate common air supply. The air nozzles and gas nozzles have intersecting directions of discharge for mixing the gas and air. The rows of air nozzles are symmetrically distributed with respect to the row of gas nozzles and are arranged so that the number of air nozzles in each row decreases from row to row in correspondence with increase of distance from the row of gas nozzles. The air nozzles in symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles have uniform cross-sectional discharge areas and these increase from row to row in correspondence with increase in distance from the row of gas nozzles. The arrangement of the gas nozzles and air nozzles can be such as to provide a plurality of individual pyramids.

6 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures Patent Sept. 30,1975

Fig.7

Sheet 1 of 4 U.S. Patent Sept. 30,1975 Sheet 2 of4 3,909,185

08. Patent Sept. 30,1975 Sheet 3 of4 I 3,909,185

US. Patent Sept. 30,1975 Sheet4 of4 Fig. 4

GAS BURNER The invention relates to a gas burner having separate gas and air supplies, more particularly, separate gas and waste air supplies, for the combustion of impurities contained in the waste air, consisting of atleast one group of nozzles, where, for mixing the gas with the air or waste air,the gasand air discharge directions of the nozzles of the same group, are intersecting.

In thecase of a known gas burner for the combustion of impurities contained in the waste air, the --flame which is formed from fresh air and gas, is supplied with waste air. The degree of efficiency of such a burner is poor, .as it needs additional fresh air, which normally canonly be made available at a lower temperature. Furthermore, withthis burner there is the disadvantage that it requires a-large amount of space, as only after formation of the flame, can the waste air be mixed with the flame for the purpose of burning off the impurities, so that additional-space is needed for the combustion of the waste air. I

Attempts at using waste air instead of the proportion of fresh air, did not produce any satisfactory results, as the waste air couldonly have been supplied via regulating valves because of the different pressures and vary ing temperature, but due to the dangers of condensation and blockage by the waste air, regulating valves could not be fitted.

In another known gas burner, a number of air discharge openings are disposed around a gas nozzle in a perforated sheet, through which the waste air is supplied. The compact design of such a burner assures good mixing of the gas with the waste air. However, in such a burner, difficulties are caused by the ignition and flame monitoring, as coherent flames are not formed in this burner.

The invention is based on the objective of creating a compact burner for the impurities contained in the waste air, which assures economical and complete burning of the impurities even when the waste air is supplied in irregular quantities and at varying pressures and temperatures, and which for the purpose of safe ignition and flame monitoring, should burn with a coherent flame.

This objective is achieved with a gas burner of the kind initially mentioned, in accordance with the invention, by providing each group with a number of successively arranged gas nozzles, and a number of rows of air nozzles on either side, running parallel to the row of gas nozzles, pressurized with a uniform pressure, and symmetrically distributed relative to the gas nozzles, where the number of air nozzles per row decreases from row to row with a corresponding increase of the distance from the gas nozzle row, and the discharge crosssection of the air nozzles and the distance of these from the plane of symmetry increase, and by the fact that the confronting air nozzles, the discharge directions of which are directed at one another, have a uniform dis charge cross-section.

With the burner in accordance with the invention, such good mixing of the gas with the waste air is achieved that a coherent flame is formed, making it possible to fit a simple ignition device and a simple flame monitoring device. The mixing between the gas and one portion of the waste air, and that between the flame flue gases and the remaining portion of waste air, takes place in one and the same graduated system, so

that it can be operated independently of the ratio of the gas volume to the waste air volume and the temperature of the waste air. The burner needs no expensive control or regulating devices; it is sufficient for the gas supply to be adjusted to suit the temperature determined in the combustion chamber. In addition, the graduatedsystem assures optimum utilization of the burner chamber. The gas burner can be made up of a number of groups of like base elements, which are successively arranged to form a series burner, or which intersect to form a flat burner. In both designs, only a single ignition device and a single flame monitoring device are necessary for safe monitoring, due to the formation of a coherent flame. For improving the mixing between the gas and air'from the air nozzles of the lowermost row, above the gas nozzles, individual tunnel-like deflector plates are preferably arranged at intervals, against the outer sides of which, the flow from the air nozzles of the lowermost rows is directed.

The invention is illustrated hereafter in more detail with reference to the appended drawing representing one embodiment thereof. In the drawing:

FIG. 1 shows a gas burner formed as a flat, compact burner, in plan,

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged portion in plan view, of the gas burner of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows the gas burner in FIG. 1 in cross-section along line II and,

FIG. 4 shows a portion of FIG. 3 on, enlarged scale. I The gas burner shown in FIG. 1 consists of a number of groups of successively arranged and intersecting nozzle groups. Each nozzle group has a number of successively arranged gas nozzles l and on either side of the gas nozzle row, parallel rows of air nozzles 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The gas nozzles 1 of all nozzle groups communicate via distribution pipes 7 with a central gas supply 8, whereas all air nozzles communicate via a common distributing mainfold 9 with a central air supply 10.

Over each gas nozzle 1, an impingement plate 11 is arranged, which deflects the gas jet discharged vertically from gas nozzle 1, to both sides, allowing it to emerge between the individual impingement plates 11 and mix with the air which is discharged from air nozzles 2 of the lowermost row, and similarly deflected by impingement plates 11. Air nozzles 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are disposed symmetrically relative to the gas nozzles l on both sides, in the form of steps, so that the spacing of the air nozzles of the same row opposite the respective gas nozzle row, increases with increasing distance from the gas nozzle row. As the distance from the gas nozzle row increases, the number of air nozzles decreases progressively from row to row, while the cross-section of the individual air nozzles increases from row to row.

Each air nozzle of a certain row on the one side of the gas nozzle row, is arranged relative to an air nozzle of the appropriate row on the other side of the gas nozzle row, such that their jet always intersect in the plane of symmetry of the nozzle groups, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

For ignition of the gas burner as near as possible to the center of the burner, an ignition burner 12 is provided, which because of the special nature of the burner, is capable of igniting the complete burner. A flame monitoring device 13 is arranged eccentrically as far as possible, so that for the safest possible flame monitoring, the position of the burner can be watched, at which there is the highest risk, due to a large distance between the ignition burner and the flame monitor, of the flame not being propagated fully as a result of gas deficiency.

The distribution of the gas nozzles and the air nozzles according to the invention, in the case of a flat burner, produces a shape of nozzle floor made up of many individual pyramids. The distribution of the gas nozzles and the air nozzles in accordance with the invention assures optimum burning of the impurities present in the waste air together with optimum utilization of space, regardless of the proportions of the available gas and air volumes relative to one another. Without the necessity for special regulating devices for the waste air, the proportion of air required for combustion of the gas is taken from the waste air, and burned together with the impurities contained therein, while the impurities in the re-. maining waste air, after mixing with the flue gases, are burned. In addition, the burner in accordance with the invention is suitable for use as a proportional burner for large surfaces, as a result of the good mixing of gas and air.

I claim:

1. A gas burner comprising a row of a plurality of gas nozzles, gas supply means coupled to said nozzles, a plurality of rows of air nozzles extending on both sides of said row of gas nozzles parallel thereto, said air nozzles and gas nozzles having respective discharge axes which lie in intersecting planes and air supply means coupled to said air nozzles for supplying the same with air at a uniform pressure, said rows of air nozzles being symmetrically distributed with respect to said row of gas nozzles and arranged so that the number of air nozzles in each row decreases from row to row in correspondence with increase of distance from the row of gas nozzles, the air nozzles in symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles being in confronting relation and having intersecting directions of discharges and uniform cross-sectional discharge areas,

the cross-sectional discharge area of the air nozzles increasing in successive rows in correspondence with their increase in distance from the row of gas nozzles.

2. A gas burner as claimed in claim 1 comprising a plurality of spaced tunnel-like deflector plates each individually disposed above a respective gas nozzle and having outer surfaces facing the innermost row of air nozzles whose discharge air is directed thereagainst.

3. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein the directions of discharge of symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles intersect in the plane of symmetry through said row of gas nozzles.

4. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein said rows of air nozzles are arranged in steps on opposite sides of said row of gas nozzles.

5. A gas burner as claimed in claim 4 wherein said steps successively increase in correspondence with the distance from the row of gas nozzles.

6. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein a plurality of rows of said gas nozzles are provided and are associated with rows of said air nozzles to form a plurality of individual pyramids.

Claims (6)

1. A gas burner comprising a row of a plurality of gas nozzles, gas supply means coupled to said nozzles, a plurality of rows of air nozzles extending on both sides of said row of gas nozzles parallel thereto, said air nozzles and gas nozzles having respective discharge axes which lie in intersecting planes and air supply means coupled to said air nozzles for supplying the same with air at a uniform pressure, said rows of air nozzles being symmetrically distributed with respect to said row of gas nozzles and arranged so that the number of air nozzles in each row decreases from row to row in correspondence with increase of distance from the row of gas nozzles, the air nozzles in symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles being in confronting relation and having intersecting directions of discharges and uniform cross-sectional discharge areas, the cross-sectional discharge area of the air nozzles increasing in successive rows in correspondence with their increase in distance from the row of gas nozzles.

2. A gas burner as claimed in claim 1 comprising a plurality of spaced tunnel-like deflector plates each individually disposed above a respective gas nozzle and having outer surfaces facing the innermost row of air nozzles whose discharge air is directed thereagainst.

3. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein the directions of discharge of symmetrical rows on opposite sides of the row of gas nozzles intersect in the plane of symmetry through said row of gas nozzles.

4. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein said rows of air nozzles are arranged in steps on opposite sides of said row of gas nozzles.

5. A gas burner as claimed in claim 4 wherein said steps successively increase in correspondence with the distance from the row of gas nozzles.

6. A gas burner as claimed in claim 2 wherein a plurality of rows of said gas nozzles are provided and are associated with rows of said air nozzles to form a plurality of individual pyramids.

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