US3905803A - Process for producing ingots by electric resistance melting particulate metal under slag - Google Patents

Process for producing ingots by electric resistance melting particulate metal under slag Download PDF

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Publication number
US3905803A
US3905803A US419380A US41938073A US3905803A US 3905803 A US3905803 A US 3905803A US 419380 A US419380 A US 419380A US 41938073 A US41938073 A US 41938073A US 3905803 A US3905803 A US 3905803A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
metal
particulate metal
slag
particulate
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Expired - Lifetime
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US419380A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paolo Bianchi
Aldo Ramacciotti
Eugenio Repetto
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Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico SpA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A process for producing metal alloys in the form of large-size ingots, by melting under electro-conductive slag, wherein the material forming the alloy is partly supplied as solid metal and partly as metal in powder, granules or pellets, for conciseness called particulate metal comprising the sequential operations of:
  • This method consists in conventionallycasting an ingot having the required weight, in removing the entire inner part along the longitudinal axis which is that generally higher in physical and chemical defects, and in filling the so produced recess, by a process according to the ESR techniques.
  • the purpose of this invention is to eliminate the cited drawbacks, connected with the known ESR processes using metal particles, and allowing one to overcome the problem of the low limits of weight in the produced ingots so as to allow ingots to be manufactured with uniform and controlled composition, free-from the'cited physical drawbacks and having a weight of some hundreds of tons.
  • a process forthe manufacture of metal alloys in the form of large-size ingots, by melting under electroconductive slag, wherein the material forming the alloy is supplied inpart in the form of solid metal and in part underthe form of particulate metal, i.e., powder or grains or pellets, wherein with the term particulate metal includes one or more metal elements or alloys, suitably mixed, said process being characterized by the combination of the following steps:
  • Theiequipmentwused for darryingJout this process-includes "a consumable:elect-rode syste m whichischaracterizedgby one or more cy-. lindricalwmetaltubes, preferablyone to four, for feedingxthe metal, each with a diameterivariable from 20 to 90 percent of the diameter of the ingot to be produced, saidrtubesbeing:extendableby means of welding of furtherlportionstof tube to that, or to those, which is, or are: being meltedsthroughout the duration ofthe meltiQgprOCS.. r t r ilhe present invention ⁇ will be now described with particular :reference?
  • FIGURE shows a sectional vertical view, of a scheme of a facility for the manufactureof ingots by the process according tothis'invention, 1
  • said tubular electrode 2 isprovided in its lower part with a recess orzone 5 downwarddelimited, at the start of the re-melting; by 'abottom wall 3 at least 35mm thick; closing the lower end ofthe electrode 2, and at its top, by a feeding plat efl which will be described in greater detail hereinafter;
  • the lower -tipofthe electrode 2 submerged into the slag is closedby ametal bottom'wall 3 fixed to the walls of the'electro'de2 in side"of which isintro'duced the metal particlesoy a feeding plate 4.
  • Thispla'te and the cited bottomwallB define a recess 5 which is thus partially filled withthe metal particles.
  • a controlled atmosphere will be established by a gas circulation, for instance using an inert gas such as argon.
  • an alternating or direct current (20 to 100 'V and 5,000 to60,000 A) is caused to pass through the circuit the electrodes of which arethe metal tube and the mold.
  • the metal tube 2 serving the function of an electrode will be downwards moved at a rate of speed comprised between 1 and 10 cm per min., and the particulate metal is fed so as to keep almost constant its volume within the recess 5.
  • Thisplateds supported by means different from said feeding ducts for the powder andfor the gas; and is located in fixed position with respect to the mouth of the mold 1, or insidethe mold itself, and in] thisfcase it: will be slow ly'upvvards moved in'ord'eflto-rhaintain constant its distance from 'themolten metal pool.
  • slag havingthe i CaF 40%; Al O 30%; CaO 24%; MgO 6% C 0.25; Mn 0.50; P 0.01; S 0.009; Si 0.25; Ni 3; Cr 0.30; O 60 ppm the balance consisting of Fe and minor impurities.
  • the used alternating current at 50 H had 50 V and 20,000 A.
  • the temperature of the slag was 1650 1,700C; the downwards feed rate of the electrode was about 3.3 cm/min., and the supply rate of the powder was 500 kgs/h.
  • This composition appeared to be substantially constant throughout the longitudinal and transverse sections of the ingot and also the mechanical properties appeared to be uniform.
  • An ESR process for producing metal alloy ingots by melting under electro-conductive slag comprising establishing in an electro-conductive mold a quantity of slag, introducing into said mold a hollow consumable metal electrode having a closed bottom immersed in said slag, introducing particulate metal into said hollow electrode, establishing an inert gas atmosphere in said hollow electrode, passing an electric current through said electrode and mold to melt said closed end of the electrode and to sinter said particulate metal adjacent said end of the electrode to form a sintered layer having a thickness sufficient to support the weight of the su perposed particulate metal, and supplying further particulate metal to the interior of said electrode while continuing to pass said electric current thereby progressively to melt said particulate metal and said electrode and progressively to build a said ingot in said mold.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US419380A 1972-12-06 1973-11-27 Process for producing ingots by electric resistance melting particulate metal under slag Expired - Lifetime US3905803A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT54535/72A IT973940B (it) 1972-12-06 1972-12-06 Procedimento per la fabbricazione di leghe metalliche e relativa apparecchiatura

Publications (1)

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US3905803A true US3905803A (en) 1975-09-16

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US (1) US3905803A (it)
JP (1) JPS52821B2 (it)
FR (1) FR2211538A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1454911A (it)
IT (1) IT973940B (it)
SE (1) SE414318B (it)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007770A (en) * 1975-03-05 1977-02-15 Amax Inc. Semi-consumable electrode vacuum arc melting process for producing binary alloys
US4027720A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-06-07 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Ag Method of producing homogenous ingots of high-melting, nitrogen-containing alloys
US4036278A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-07-19 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. Process for the production of large steel ingots
US4481030A (en) * 1983-06-01 1984-11-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tantalum-copper alloy and method for making
US4729873A (en) * 1985-05-20 1988-03-08 Compania De Acero Del Pacifico S.A. De Process and apparatus for producing steel
CN104451177A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-25 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种金属电渣重熔冶炼气氛保护方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541764A (en) * 1948-04-15 1951-02-13 Battelle Development Corp Electric apparatus for melting refractory metals
US2782245A (en) * 1954-04-02 1957-02-19 Ici Ltd Electric furnace for melting of high melting point metals or alloys
US2813921A (en) * 1954-05-10 1957-11-19 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Consumable electrode for melting of chemically reactive metals
US3234608A (en) * 1959-11-19 1966-02-15 Renault Continuous-casting method of melting metals in a slag medium by using consumable electrodes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2541764A (en) * 1948-04-15 1951-02-13 Battelle Development Corp Electric apparatus for melting refractory metals
US2782245A (en) * 1954-04-02 1957-02-19 Ici Ltd Electric furnace for melting of high melting point metals or alloys
US2813921A (en) * 1954-05-10 1957-11-19 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Consumable electrode for melting of chemically reactive metals
US3234608A (en) * 1959-11-19 1966-02-15 Renault Continuous-casting method of melting metals in a slag medium by using consumable electrodes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4036278A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-07-19 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. Process for the production of large steel ingots
US4027720A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-06-07 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Ag Method of producing homogenous ingots of high-melting, nitrogen-containing alloys
US4007770A (en) * 1975-03-05 1977-02-15 Amax Inc. Semi-consumable electrode vacuum arc melting process for producing binary alloys
US4481030A (en) * 1983-06-01 1984-11-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tantalum-copper alloy and method for making
US4729873A (en) * 1985-05-20 1988-03-08 Compania De Acero Del Pacifico S.A. De Process and apparatus for producing steel
CN104451177A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-25 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种金属电渣重熔冶炼气氛保护方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2360883B2 (de) 1975-10-09
FR2211538A1 (it) 1974-07-19
DE2360883A1 (de) 1974-06-12
IT973940B (it) 1974-06-10
GB1454911A (en) 1976-11-10
JPS52821B2 (it) 1977-01-11
SE414318B (sv) 1980-07-21
JPS4996925A (it) 1974-09-13

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