US3892102A - Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head - Google Patents
Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3892102A US3892102A US449182A US44918274A US3892102A US 3892102 A US3892102 A US 3892102A US 449182 A US449182 A US 449182A US 44918274 A US44918274 A US 44918274A US 3892102 A US3892102 A US 3892102A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- heat transfer
- refrigerator
- hot cylinder
- vuilleumier
- transfer surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
- F02G1/0445—Engine plants with combined cycles, e.g. Vuilleumier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2250/00—Special cycles or special engines
- F02G2250/18—Vuilleumier cycles
Definitions
- Vuilleumier refrigerator including the burner head of this invention is generally indicated at 10.
- Vuilleumier refrigerator 10 has a hot cylinder 12, which contains hot displacer 14. Heat is added to head 16 of the hot cylinder to supply input power to the refrigerator.
- the refrigerator also has a cold cylinder 18 in which is located cold displacer 20. The cold end of cold cylinder 18 carries device 22 for which cryogenic renecessary insulation. 5
- a Vuilleumier-type refrigerator comprising:
- a hot cylinder having a head, a concave curved thermal heat transfer surface on said head, a solid cone extending from said curved heat transfer surface;
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Vuilleumier refrigerator has its hot cylinder heated by a burner head. The burner head includes a heat transfer surface of concave configuration and rough surface in thermally conductive relationship to the hot volume.
Description
United States Patent Leo July 1, 1975 [54] VUILLEUMIER REFRIGERATOR HOT 2,484,392 10/1949 VanHeeckeren 62/6 CYLINDER BURNER HEAD $5 3, 27 8/1970 [75] Inventor; Bruno S. Leo, Santa Momca, Cahf. 3 742 719 7 973 Assignee: Hughes Aircraft p y, Culver 3,774,405 ll/l973 Leo 62/6 1 y Ca If Primary Examiner-Wtll1am J. Wye
[ Filfidi 1974 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Allen A. Dicke. Jr.; W. H.
21 Appl. No.: 449,182 MacAlllsmr 57 ABSTRA T [52] US. Cl 62/6; 62/87 51 Int. Cl. F25]; 9/00 vmlleumler refrlgerawr has Its hot cylmder heated y 581 Field of Search 62/6 3 burner head- The burner head includes a heat transfer surface of concave configuration and rough sur- 5 Refu-ences Cited face in thermally conductive relationship to the hot UNITED STATES PATENTS 1.275,507 8/1918 Vuilleumier 62/6 3 C aims, 1 Drawing Figure VUILLEUMIER REFRIGERATOR HOT CYLINDER BURNER HEAD BACKGROUND This invention is directed to a cryogenic refrigerator operating on the Vuilleumier cycle and particularly to the heater structure for supplying the refrigerator power.
Vuilleumier cycle refrigerators are known. The original disclosure was in U.S. Pat. No. 1,275,507 by Rudolph Vuilleumier. That heat cycle has been developed and modernized into an efficient miniaturized cryogenic refrigerator. An example of that is shown in K. W. Cowans U.S. Pat. RE. No. 27,338. Particular mechanical structure of such a refrigerator is found in G. P. Lagodmos U.S. Pat. No. 3,742,719. Prior cryogenic refrigerators using this cycle have employed heating by using an electric resistance heater wrapped around the hot end of the hot cylinder. This is a convenient way of producing the necessary high temperatures, but, in some installations and under some circumstances, electric heating is less satisfactory than a fuel combustion situation. The present disclosure is directed to an efficient way of providing heat to the hot cylinder by fuel combustion.
SUMMARY In order to aid in the understanding of this invention, it can be stated in essentially summary form that it is directed to a Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head, and particularly structure which results in efficient heat transfer from fuel combustion products into the hot end of the hot cylinder. lt includes a shaped combustion surface of rough character for efficient combustion and heat transfer.
It is thus an object of this invention to provide a hot cylinder burner head structure for a Vuilleumier refrigerator which permits the combustion of gas and similar fuels for hot cylinder heating. It is a further object to provide a Vuilleumier refrigerator having a heating system which eliminates the need for electric heating. It is a further object to provide a hot cylinder heating structure which provides for efficient combustion and efficient heat transfer. It is a further object to provide a Vuilleumier hot cylinder heater which is economical of construction, and fuel consumption trouble free in use, and reliable in operation.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from a study of the following portion of the specification, the claims and the attached drawmgs.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The single FIGURE of the drawings is substantially a central longitudinal section through a Vuilleumier refrigerator having a hot cylinder burner head in accordance with this invention.
DESCRIPTION The Vuilleumier refrigerator, including the burner head of this invention is generally indicated at 10. Vuilleumier refrigerator 10, has a hot cylinder 12, which contains hot displacer 14. Heat is added to head 16 of the hot cylinder to supply input power to the refrigerator. The refrigerator also has a cold cylinder 18 in which is located cold displacer 20. The cold end of cold cylinder 18 carries device 22 for which cryogenic renecessary insulation. 5
frigeration is suppliedby the refrigerator. Housing 28 has an insulating device, such as a Dewar to provide the Crankcase 24 contains crank '26. Connecting rods appropriately connect to both of the disp-Iacers to control them in proper cyclic relationship to operate the refrigerator on the Vuilleumier cycle. It should be noted that the warm end of both the hot and cold cylinders, which includes crankcase 24, is above ambient to permit heat rejection to atmosphere. Thus, the warm ends of both regenerators 30 and 32, are connected with finned tubing, shown on the drawing, or are otherwise arranged so that the refrigerant gas at the warm ends of these generators can reject heat to the ambient. The refrigerator thus described is the one shown in K. W. Cowans U.S. Pat. RE. No. 27,338. Housing 34 embraces much of the refrigerator structure and contains fan 36 for moving air from left to right through housing 34 for cooling the warm section of the refrigerator.
Secondary air is induced through secondary air inlet 62 and is discharged to the burning gas area through the nozzle embracing collar 54. Combustion takes place along surface 40 with the secondary air directly delivered. Throat 52 acts as the flame stop with orifices 56 providing secondary flame stop protection.
This invention having been described in its preferred embodiment, it is clear that it is susceptible to numerous modifications and embodiments within the ability of those skilled in the art and without the exercise of the faculty. Accordingly, the scope of this invention is defined by the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. A Vuilleumier-type refrigerator comprising:
a hot cylinder having a head, a concave curved thermal heat transfer surface on said head, a solid cone extending from said curved heat transfer surface;
a fluid fuel burner formed around said cone so that combustion flame impinges along said cone and onto said curved heat transfer surface so that products of the combustion pass along said heat transfer surface so that heat is provided for the hot cylinder of the Vuilleumier refrigerator.
2. The refrigerator of claim 1 wherein a collar is positioned around said cone to form said noz zle as an annu- V combustion to said hot cylinder heat.
Claims (3)
1. A Vuilleumier-type refrigerator comprising: a hot cylinder having a head, a concave curved thermal heat transfer surface on said head, a solid cone extending from said curved heat transfer surface; a fluid fuel burner formed around said cone so that combustion flame impinges along said cone and onto said curved heat transfer surface so that products of the combustion pass along said heat transfer surface so that heat is provided for the hot cylinder of the Vuilleumier refrigerator.
2. The refrigerator of claim 1 wherein a collar is positioned around said cone to form said nozzle as an annular nozzle.
3. The refrigerator of claim 1 wherein said curved heat transfer surface is rough to enhance heat transfer and maintain high heat transfer rates from products of combustion to said hot cylinder heat.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US449182A US3892102A (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1974-03-07 | Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US449182A US3892102A (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1974-03-07 | Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3892102A true US3892102A (en) | 1975-07-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US449182A Expired - Lifetime US3892102A (en) | 1974-03-07 | 1974-03-07 | Vuilleumier refrigerator hot cylinder burner head |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4060996A (en) * | 1976-12-16 | 1977-12-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Vuilleumier cycle thermal compressor air conditioner system |
US4245477A (en) * | 1979-07-18 | 1981-01-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Internal heater module for cryogenic refrigerators and Stirling heat engines |
US5465580A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1995-11-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Cooling and heating water circulation apparatus of Vuilleumier heat pump |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1275507A (en) * | 1917-01-29 | 1918-08-13 | Rudolph Vuilleumier | Method and apparatus for inducing heat changes. |
US2484392A (en) * | 1945-08-30 | 1949-10-11 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Hot-air engine actuated refrigerating apparatus |
US2907169A (en) * | 1957-12-10 | 1959-10-06 | Alwin B Newton | Hot fluid engine with movable regenerator |
US3523427A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-08-11 | Garrett Corp | Gas engine-refrigerator |
US3742719A (en) * | 1972-03-16 | 1973-07-03 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Cryogenic refrigerator |
US3774405A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1973-11-27 | Us Air Force | Magnetically driven cryogen vuilleumier refrigerator |
-
1974
- 1974-03-07 US US449182A patent/US3892102A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1275507A (en) * | 1917-01-29 | 1918-08-13 | Rudolph Vuilleumier | Method and apparatus for inducing heat changes. |
US2484392A (en) * | 1945-08-30 | 1949-10-11 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Hot-air engine actuated refrigerating apparatus |
US2907169A (en) * | 1957-12-10 | 1959-10-06 | Alwin B Newton | Hot fluid engine with movable regenerator |
US3523427A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-08-11 | Garrett Corp | Gas engine-refrigerator |
US3774405A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1973-11-27 | Us Air Force | Magnetically driven cryogen vuilleumier refrigerator |
US3742719A (en) * | 1972-03-16 | 1973-07-03 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Cryogenic refrigerator |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4060996A (en) * | 1976-12-16 | 1977-12-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Vuilleumier cycle thermal compressor air conditioner system |
US4245477A (en) * | 1979-07-18 | 1981-01-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Internal heater module for cryogenic refrigerators and Stirling heat engines |
US5465580A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1995-11-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Cooling and heating water circulation apparatus of Vuilleumier heat pump |
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