US3882966A - Ladder adapter device - Google Patents

Ladder adapter device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3882966A
US3882966A US505552A US50555274A US3882966A US 3882966 A US3882966 A US 3882966A US 505552 A US505552 A US 505552A US 50555274 A US50555274 A US 50555274A US 3882966 A US3882966 A US 3882966A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pawl
ladder
rack
guide
slide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US505552A
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Osvaldo Fasano
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MIGLIAVACCA GIOSUE
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MIGLIAVACCA GIOSUE
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/42—Ladder feet; Supports therefor
    • E06C7/44—Means for mounting ladders on uneven ground

Definitions

  • a device for adapting a ladder to be supported on uneven ground comprises a tubular guide rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder, a hollow slide received in the guide and bearing a toothed rack and having a longitudinal slot opposite the rack, and a w 00 m H 0000 400 21 W8 8 0o 5 000 Q4 2 8 h C r a e S f 0 d l e .I F 11 oo 5 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS pawl borne by the tubular guide and adapted to engage a tooth of the rack to support the slide at a chosen position in the guide.
  • This invention relates to a ladder adapter device for allowing a ladder to be supported on uneven ground such as on different steps of stairs while maintaining a correct position with full support on the feet of both uprights.
  • a ladder adapter device comprising: a tubular guide adapted to be rigidly connected to the lower end of an upright of the ladder; a pawl pivotally mounted on the guide; a hollow slide received in the guide and having a longitudinal slot through which the pawl can penetrate the slide; a rack rigidly connected to an inner surface of the hollow slide and bearing teeth opposite to the slot; the pawl being operable to engage a tooth of the rack to resist forces tending to move the guide with respect to the slide in a predetermined direction.
  • the invention also provides a ladder fitted with such a device.
  • FIG. 1 is a partly broken, perspective view of a ladder having a built-in adapter device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a broken-away, longitudinal cross-section view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, in an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of a conventional ladder fitted with a removable adapter device according to the invention.
  • a ladder has two rigid uprights l and 12, with rungs 14 extending between and being conventionally connected to the uprights.
  • the lower end of upright is fitted with a metal cap 16 which carries a conventional pivoted foot 18 rotatably secured by means of a nutand-bolt arrangement 20.
  • Upright 12 is shorter than upright 10 and a tubular guide 22 is fitted onto the lower end of upright 12 and is secured to it by means of nut-and-bolt arrangement 24.
  • a sleeve 21 is rigidly secured, such as by welding, to the wall of the tubular guide 22 and the bottom rung 23 of the ladder has one end received in the sleeve 21, the other end being conventionally supported on the upright 10.
  • a hollow slide 26 is received within the tubular guide 22 and its lower end carries a pivoted foot 28 similar to foot 18. When the slide 26 is completely retracted in the tubular guide 22, the feet 18 end 28 are at the same level.
  • the slide 26 has a longitudinal slot 30 extending for the major part of its length.
  • a rack 32 is rigidly secured, such as by welding, on the inner face of the hollow slide opposite to the slot 30, and extends longitudinally for 2 the length of the-slot.
  • the rack 32 has teeth with sides at 45 to the longitudinal axis of the hollow slide 26.
  • the tubular guide 22 has an aperture 34 in its wall adjacent'to theslot 30 ofthe slide 26.
  • Two lugs 36 protrude outwardly near the aperture 34 and support a pivot 38 on which a pawl 40 is rotatably mounted.
  • the pawl 40 is shaped with an end surface 42 such that, when the pawl is rotated counterclockwise on FIG. 2 through the slot 30 until it is stopped by the rack 32, the face 42 can rest flatly against the upper side of one of the teeth of the rack.
  • An operating lever 44 is integral with the pawl 40 and is so proportioned as to lie against the wall of the tubular guide 22 when the pawl 40 is in the position shown on FIG. 2, with its end face 42 resting against a tooth of the rack.
  • a spring 46 normally maintains the pawland-lever combination in this position.
  • the slide When the ladder is used on even ground, the slide is retracted fully within the tubular guide, by pulling the lever 44 and allowing the ladder to sink around the slide. In this position the ladder can also be carried around without having the slide drop out of the tubular guide, since the spring-loaded action of the side surface of the pawl against the under side of the higher tooth adjacent to it will prevent the slide from dropping.
  • the ladder When the ladder is to be used on uneven ground, it is laid with its fixed foot resting on the higher ground and the movable foot overlying the lower ground.
  • the operating lever 44 is then pulled to withdraw the pawl from engagement with the rack.
  • the slide 26 will then fall down by itself until the foot 28 rests on the ground.
  • the operating lever is then released to allow the pawl 40 to engage a tooth of the rack.
  • his weight will improve the engagement between the pawl and the rack and prevent any accidental disengagement.
  • FIG. 3 shows a conventional ladder 49 having equally long uprights and fitted with a device 50 according to the above description by means of metal bands 52. This arrangement allows a conventional ladder to be provided with an adapter device without altering the construction of the ladder.
  • An adapter device for a ladder having two uprights and a plurality of rungs comprising:
  • a tubular guide adapted to be rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder
  • a rack rigidly connected to an inner surface of the hollow slide and bearing teeth opposite the slot;
  • the pawl being operable to engage a tooth of the rack to resist forces tending to move the guide with respect to the slide in a predetermined direction.
  • the device of claim 4 further comprising spring means connected to the pawl to urge the pawl in a position where it engages one of the teeth of the rack.
  • one of the uprights is shorter than the other, and the device is fitted to the end of the shorter upright so that the longitudinal axes of the shorter upright and of the device coincide, the device being so proportioned that the slide of the device, when it is in fully retracted position, allows the ladder to be supported on even ground.

Abstract

A device for adapting a ladder to be supported on uneven ground comprises a tubular guide rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder, a hollow slide received in the guide and bearing a toothed rack and having a longitudinal slot opposite the rack, and a pawl borne by the tubular guide and adapted to engage a tooth of the rack to support the slide at a chosen position in the guide.

Description

1451 May 13,1975
United States Patent [1 1 Fasano FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 11/1932 4/1938 Quinn....... 4/1939 Longtin.....
525 90092 .283 7327 0015A). 223 .W W aa tt I 1 Q0 mm r r o a; E n m mfi mm MW Maw A o DS-l OG u e E m m mmw VS A v s L m A Sept. 13, 1974 Appl. No.: 505.552
195.584 4/1938 Switzerland......................... 182/205 Primary E.\'uminerReinaldo P. Machado Attorney. Agent, or FirmPaul & Paul [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept, 10, 1974 {57] ABSTRACT A device for adapting a ladder to be supported on uneven ground comprises a tubular guide rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder, a hollow slide received in the guide and bearing a toothed rack and having a longitudinal slot opposite the rack, and a w 00 m H 0000 400 21 W8 8 0o 5 000 Q4 2 8 h C r a e S f 0 d l e .I F 11 oo 5 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS pawl borne by the tubular guide and adapted to engage a tooth of the rack to support the slide at a chosen position in the guide.
182/205 9 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures 1,184,455 5/1916 Hough 1,329,740 2/1920 Barron..... 1,862,171 6/1932 Baker LADDER ADAPTER DEVICE This invention relates to a ladder adapter device for allowing a ladder to be supported on uneven ground such as on different steps of stairs while maintaining a correct position with full support on the feet of both uprights.
It is a main object of the invention to provide an adapter device of the kind set forth above, which can be easily and readily operated to adapt itself automatically to the ground.
It is a further object of the invention to form such a device in such a way that it can be either built into a ladder to be an integral part thereof or, alternatively, fitted to an existing ladder without altering its construction.
The invention achieves the above and other objects, as will appear from its specification, by providing a ladder adapter device comprising: a tubular guide adapted to be rigidly connected to the lower end of an upright of the ladder; a pawl pivotally mounted on the guide; a hollow slide received in the guide and having a longitudinal slot through which the pawl can penetrate the slide; a rack rigidly connected to an inner surface of the hollow slide and bearing teeth opposite to the slot; the pawl being operable to engage a tooth of the rack to resist forces tending to move the guide with respect to the slide in a predetermined direction. The invention also provides a ladder fitted with such a device.
The invention is further illustrated by way of example in the following specification describing preferred embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a partly broken, perspective view of a ladder having a built-in adapter device according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a broken-away, longitudinal cross-section view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, in an enlarged scale;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a conventional ladder fitted with a removable adapter device according to the invention.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, a ladder has two rigid uprights l and 12, with rungs 14 extending between and being conventionally connected to the uprights. The lower end of upright is fitted with a metal cap 16 which carries a conventional pivoted foot 18 rotatably secured by means of a nutand-bolt arrangement 20.
Upright 12 is shorter than upright 10 and a tubular guide 22 is fitted onto the lower end of upright 12 and is secured to it by means of nut-and-bolt arrangement 24. A sleeve 21 is rigidly secured, such as by welding, to the wall of the tubular guide 22 and the bottom rung 23 of the ladder has one end received in the sleeve 21, the other end being conventionally supported on the upright 10.
A hollow slide 26 is received within the tubular guide 22 and its lower end carries a pivoted foot 28 similar to foot 18. When the slide 26 is completely retracted in the tubular guide 22, the feet 18 end 28 are at the same level.
The slide 26 has a longitudinal slot 30 extending for the major part of its length. A rack 32 is rigidly secured, such as by welding, on the inner face of the hollow slide opposite to the slot 30, and extends longitudinally for 2 the length of the-slot. The rack 32 has teeth with sides at 45 to the longitudinal axis of the hollow slide 26.
The tubular guide 22 has an aperture 34 in its wall adjacent'to theslot 30 ofthe slide 26. Two lugs 36 protrude outwardly near the aperture 34 and support a pivot 38 on which a pawl 40 is rotatably mounted. The pawl 40 is shaped with an end surface 42 such that, when the pawl is rotated counterclockwise on FIG. 2 through the slot 30 until it is stopped by the rack 32, the face 42 can rest flatly against the upper side of one of the teeth of the rack.
An operating lever 44 is integral with the pawl 40 and is so proportioned as to lie against the wall of the tubular guide 22 when the pawl 40 is in the position shown on FIG. 2, with its end face 42 resting against a tooth of the rack. A spring 46 normally maintains the pawland-lever combination in this position.
When the ladder is used on even ground, the slide is retracted fully within the tubular guide, by pulling the lever 44 and allowing the ladder to sink around the slide. In this position the ladder can also be carried around without having the slide drop out of the tubular guide, since the spring-loaded action of the side surface of the pawl against the under side of the higher tooth adjacent to it will prevent the slide from dropping.
When the ladder is to be used on uneven ground, it is laid with its fixed foot resting on the higher ground and the movable foot overlying the lower ground. The operating lever 44 is then pulled to withdraw the pawl from engagement with the rack. The slide 26 will then fall down by itself until the foot 28 rests on the ground. The operating lever is then released to allow the pawl 40 to engage a tooth of the rack. When the user climbs the ladder, his weight will improve the engagement between the pawl and the rack and prevent any accidental disengagement.
FIG. 3 shows a conventional ladder 49 having equally long uprights and fitted with a device 50 according to the above description by means of metal bands 52. This arrangement allows a conventional ladder to be provided with an adapter device without altering the construction of the ladder.
The above disclosure of the invention has been given by way of example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
I claim as my invention:
I. An adapter device for a ladder having two uprights and a plurality of rungs, the device comprising:
a tubular guide adapted to be rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder;
a pawl pivotally mounted on the guide;
a hollow slide received in the guide and having a longitudinal slot through which the pawl can penetrate the slide;
a rack rigidly connected to an inner surface of the hollow slide and bearing teeth opposite the slot;
the pawl being operable to engage a tooth of the rack to resist forces tending to move the guide with respect to the slide in a predetermined direction.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the teeth of the rack have sides at 45 to the longitudinal axis of the rack.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the tubular guide is apertured and the pawl extends through the aperture and is pivotally mounted on an outer surface of the guide.
4. The device of claim 3, further comprising an operating lever for the pawl, the lever being integral with the pawl.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the operating lever is adapted to lie along the outer surface of the guide while the pawl engages one of the teeth of the rack.
6. The device of claim 4, further comprising spring means connected to the pawl to urge the pawl in a position where it engages one of the teeth of the rack.
7. A ladder fitted with a device according to claim 1.
8. The ladder of claim 7, wherein one of the uprights is shorter than the other, and the device is fitted to the end of the shorter upright so that the longitudinal axes of the shorter upright and of the device coincide, the device being so proportioned that the slide of the device, when it is in fully retracted position, allows the ladder to be supported on even ground.
9. The ladder of claim 7, wherein the uprights are of equal length, and the device is strapped to an end of one upright by means of removable means.

Claims (9)

1. An adapter device for a ladder having two uprights and a plurality of rungs, the device comprising: a tubular guide adapted to be rigidly connected to an upright of the ladder; a pawl pivotally mounted on the guide; a hollow slide received in the guide and having a longitudinal slot through which the pawl can penetrate the slide; a rack rigidly connected to an inner surface of the hollow slide and bearing teeth opposite the slot; the pawl being operable to engage a tooth of the rack to resist forces tending to move the guide with respect to the slide in a predetermined direction.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the teeth of the rack have sides at 45* to the longitudinal axis of the rack.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the tubular guide is apertured and the pawl extends through the aperture and is pivotally mounted on an outer surface of the guide.
4. The device of claim 3, further comprising an operating lever for the pawl, the lever being integral with the pawl.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the operating lever is adapted to lie along the outer surface of the guide while the pawl engages one of the teeth of the rack.
6. The device of claim 4, further comprising spring means connected to the pawl to urge the pawl in a position where it engages one of the teeth of the rack.
7. A ladder fitted with a device according to claim 1.
8. The ladder of claim 7, wherein one of thE uprights is shorter than the other, and the device is fitted to the end of the shorter upright so that the longitudinal axes of the shorter upright and of the device coincide, the device being so proportioned that the slide of the device, when it is in fully retracted position, allows the ladder to be supported on even ground.
9. The ladder of claim 7, wherein the uprights are of equal length, and the device is strapped to an end of one upright by means of removable means.
US505552A 1973-09-24 1974-09-13 Ladder adapter device Expired - Lifetime US3882966A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT69799/73A IT1020513B (en) 1973-09-24 1973-09-24 LEVELING DEVICE D SUPPORT FOR ITALIAN STAIRS WITH EXTENSION AND STAND

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IT (1) IT1020513B (en)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4807720A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-02-28 Kim Soon Y Ladder leveling attachment
US4844208A (en) * 1987-11-17 1989-07-04 3V Enterprises Inc. Ladder extension device
US5107958A (en) * 1990-07-16 1992-04-28 Johnson Robert L Ladder leveler
US5845744A (en) * 1997-11-19 1998-12-08 Harold Anthony Ernest Beck Ladder levelling device
US6234273B1 (en) * 1999-12-17 2001-05-22 Graham Moore Adjustable ladder
US6250838B1 (en) 1997-08-12 2001-06-26 L & P Property Management Company Garment rack locking device
US6401866B1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-06-11 Daniel J. Roy Machine for leveling a ladder on an uneven surface
US6419047B1 (en) 1999-08-11 2002-07-16 Harold Frederick Adshead Portable ladder having resistance to slippage
US6450292B1 (en) * 1997-11-18 2002-09-17 Sandpiper Construction Limited Ladder levelling device
US6598841B2 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-07-29 Hon Technology Inc. Height adjustable table leg
US20040045877A1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2004-03-11 Peter Rubie Exciter apparatus
US20050092550A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-05 Lanzafame Philip F. Quick release for ladder levelers
US20050269156A1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-08 Lanzafame Philip F Accessory attachment system for a ladder, and methods
GB2426780A (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Wei-Hao Chang Length adjustable ladder
US20060272899A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Wei-Hao Chang Ladder
US20060278474A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Cumbie Bobby G Apparatus and method for leveling a ladder
US20100080650A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 Roberto Gorza Regulating device
WO2009118563A3 (en) * 2008-03-27 2010-04-22 Sandpiper Construction Limited Improved ladder stabilisation and safety system
US20100116592A1 (en) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-13 Jeffrey David Clements Adjustable Stepladder
US20110017548A1 (en) * 2009-04-03 2011-01-27 Jeffrey Green Collapsible safe ladder
US20110127110A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-02 Trang Brian T Ladder safety accessory kit
US20110214946A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Dofair Co., Ltd. Device capable of extending a foot end of a ladder
US20110232999A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2011-09-29 Lanzafame Philip F Ladder with rails adapted for attaching accessories
CN102803641A (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-11-28 Eye2Z有限责任公司 Leg levelling
USD745191S1 (en) 2014-05-27 2015-12-08 Lock N Climb, Llc Ladder
US20160016299A1 (en) * 2014-03-25 2016-01-21 Paul Ekeberg Apparatus for installing under-sink mounted appliances
US20170335627A1 (en) * 2016-05-17 2017-11-23 Werner Co. Ladder Leveler and Method
USD831228S1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2018-10-16 Philip F. Lanzafame Shoe for retractable ladder leg extension

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8485316B2 (en) * 2009-04-03 2013-07-16 Lock N Climb, Llc Collapsible safe ladder

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US1184455A (en) * 1915-03-30 1916-05-23 Raymond J Shuster Adjustable furniture-leg.
US1329740A (en) * 1918-05-06 1920-02-03 Frederick H Barron Extension for ladder-legs
US1862171A (en) * 1931-06-04 1932-06-07 Baker Walter James Ladder shoe
US1887495A (en) * 1931-11-23 1932-11-15 Jr William J Carter Adjustable ladder
US2113282A (en) * 1937-04-08 1938-04-05 George W Quinn Ladder
US2152895A (en) * 1937-07-22 1939-04-04 Raymond A Longtin Stabilizer for ladders
US3527321A (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-09-08 Thomas J Brown Ladder leveling device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1184455A (en) * 1915-03-30 1916-05-23 Raymond J Shuster Adjustable furniture-leg.
US1329740A (en) * 1918-05-06 1920-02-03 Frederick H Barron Extension for ladder-legs
US1862171A (en) * 1931-06-04 1932-06-07 Baker Walter James Ladder shoe
US1887495A (en) * 1931-11-23 1932-11-15 Jr William J Carter Adjustable ladder
US2113282A (en) * 1937-04-08 1938-04-05 George W Quinn Ladder
US2152895A (en) * 1937-07-22 1939-04-04 Raymond A Longtin Stabilizer for ladders
US3527321A (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-09-08 Thomas J Brown Ladder leveling device

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4844208A (en) * 1987-11-17 1989-07-04 3V Enterprises Inc. Ladder extension device
US4807720A (en) * 1988-01-15 1989-02-28 Kim Soon Y Ladder leveling attachment
US5107958A (en) * 1990-07-16 1992-04-28 Johnson Robert L Ladder leveler
US6250838B1 (en) 1997-08-12 2001-06-26 L & P Property Management Company Garment rack locking device
US6450292B1 (en) * 1997-11-18 2002-09-17 Sandpiper Construction Limited Ladder levelling device
US5845744A (en) * 1997-11-19 1998-12-08 Harold Anthony Ernest Beck Ladder levelling device
US6419047B1 (en) 1999-08-11 2002-07-16 Harold Frederick Adshead Portable ladder having resistance to slippage
US6234273B1 (en) * 1999-12-17 2001-05-22 Graham Moore Adjustable ladder
US6598841B2 (en) * 2000-06-07 2003-07-29 Hon Technology Inc. Height adjustable table leg
US20040045877A1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2004-03-11 Peter Rubie Exciter apparatus
US6401866B1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-06-11 Daniel J. Roy Machine for leveling a ladder on an uneven surface
US20050092550A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-05 Lanzafame Philip F. Quick release for ladder levelers
US7036633B2 (en) 2003-10-29 2006-05-02 Lanzafame Philip F Quick release for ladder levelers
US8863902B2 (en) 2003-10-29 2014-10-21 Philip F. Lanzafame Ladder accessory quick-mounting base with guide lips
US20110232999A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2011-09-29 Lanzafame Philip F Ladder with rails adapted for attaching accessories
US20050269156A1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-08 Lanzafame Philip F Accessory attachment system for a ladder, and methods
GB2426780A (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Wei-Hao Chang Length adjustable ladder
US20060272899A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Wei-Hao Chang Ladder
US20060278474A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Cumbie Bobby G Apparatus and method for leveling a ladder
WO2009118563A3 (en) * 2008-03-27 2010-04-22 Sandpiper Construction Limited Improved ladder stabilisation and safety system
US20110011678A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2011-01-20 Lance Rodney Sheffield Ladder stabilisation and safety system
US20100080650A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 Roberto Gorza Regulating device
US8128306B2 (en) * 2008-09-29 2012-03-06 Technogym S.P.A. Regulating device
US20100116592A1 (en) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-13 Jeffrey David Clements Adjustable Stepladder
US20110017548A1 (en) * 2009-04-03 2011-01-27 Jeffrey Green Collapsible safe ladder
CN102803641A (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-11-28 Eye2Z有限责任公司 Leg levelling
US20110127110A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-02 Trang Brian T Ladder safety accessory kit
US9010491B2 (en) * 2009-11-27 2015-04-21 Brian T. Trang Ladder safety accessory kit
US20110214946A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Dofair Co., Ltd. Device capable of extending a foot end of a ladder
US8297406B2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2012-10-30 Dofair Co., Ltd. Device capable of extending a foot end of a ladder
USD831228S1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2018-10-16 Philip F. Lanzafame Shoe for retractable ladder leg extension
US20160016299A1 (en) * 2014-03-25 2016-01-21 Paul Ekeberg Apparatus for installing under-sink mounted appliances
USD745191S1 (en) 2014-05-27 2015-12-08 Lock N Climb, Llc Ladder
US20170335627A1 (en) * 2016-05-17 2017-11-23 Werner Co. Ladder Leveler and Method
US10612303B2 (en) * 2016-05-17 2020-04-07 Werner Co. Ladder leveler and method
US20200232279A1 (en) * 2016-05-17 2020-07-23 Werner Co. Ladder Leveler and Method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH580746A5 (en) 1976-10-15
FR2244903B1 (en) 1982-09-10
FR2244903A1 (en) 1975-04-18
IT1020513B (en) 1977-12-30

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