US3881402A - Distributing ventilating medium within spaces - Google Patents

Distributing ventilating medium within spaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3881402A
US3881402A US357252A US35725273A US3881402A US 3881402 A US3881402 A US 3881402A US 357252 A US357252 A US 357252A US 35725273 A US35725273 A US 35725273A US 3881402 A US3881402 A US 3881402A
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United States
Prior art keywords
space
ventilating
medium
air
ejectors
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Expired - Lifetime
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US357252A
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English (en)
Inventor
Birger Larkfeldt
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Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
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Svenska Flaktfabriken AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method at installations for the ventilation of rooms or of plants for an industrial process, at which air or another gaseous medium is conveyed to and from and, respectively, in and also distributed within said rooms.
  • the invention implies an entirely new approach to ventilation engineering and has as its object to eliminate the aforesaid disadvantages and difficulties at ventilation installations of conventional design.
  • the invention as a method is characterized in that the room air and/or supplied ventilation air is caused to move in the desired direction and is distributed in the room(s) by means of one or more ejectors known per se and driven by air or another gaseous medium, that the ejectors are so disposed and dimensioned relative one another that the ejector air flow always is small in relation to the flow of the total conveyed and distributed air or gas amount stabilized by the ejectors(s), and so that the flow within the action range for one or more ejectors always forms a number of controlled, preferably closed paths.
  • a modification of this method intended for conveyance and distribution of air in dwelling zones of rooms is characterized in that one or more ejectors are so dimensioned and located at such distances relative to and one after the other, that the ventilation air supplied to the rooms, possibly with different conditions, is con veyed, possibly mixed, and distributed in an extent prescribed between the different parts of the dwelling zone(s).
  • a further modification of this method intended for conveyance and distribution of air, preferably in storeintended for ventilation of spaces of difficult access by i conventional ventilation engineering, for example spaces screened off by projecting parts of irregularly shaped rooms, is characterized in that one or more ejectors are mounted so as to deflect and distribute the entire ventilation air flow or a part thereof, so that zones intended to be dwelling zones in said irregularly shaped rooms are ventilated to the extent desired.
  • a special embodiment of the arrangement for eliminating an unstable turbulent flow formation, for example behind columns in the rooms(s), which disturbs the conveyance and distribution of the ventilation air, is characterized in that one or more ejectors are located behind the column(s), in the flow direction, concealed by the column and adapted to redirect and straighten said turbulent flows and thereby to reestablish the stable flow prevailing before the column.
  • a further embodiment of the arrangement is characterized in that the air and/or gaseous medium are adapted to be conveyed and/or distributed by both ejectors and conventional means, for example fans and ducts.
  • a preferred embodiment of the arrangement for protecting dwelling zones against undesirable thermal air streams or undesirable radiation, for example sudden temperature drops at windows, is characterized in that one or more ejectors are located so as to redirect said thermal air streams away from said dwelling zones.
  • the ejectors comprised in the arrangement may be constructed for manual or automatic adjustment in optional direction, possibly adjustable in a definite sequence, and/or provided with a manually or automatically variable outlet aperture, and the ejectors may be connected either to a separate air supply unit or to a conventional conveying system for the ventilation air.
  • An embodiment of the arrangement adapted for ventilation of zones in rooms or in free air, for example working places near objects producing poison gas, is characterized in that it comprises a series of ejectors for directing fresh air from a fresh air magazine through said working place.
  • An expedient embodiment of the arrangement adapted for ventilation of zones in free air, for example for removing fog from runways on airfields, is characterized in that the ejectors are arranged along the runways for conveying and distributing fog-dissolving gas from a ramp transverse across the runways.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a schematic way an installation, in which the method according to the invention is applied and where no ventilation air is introduced into the room.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a schematic way a corresponding installation where ventilation air is introduced through a ceiling spreader
  • FIG. 3 shows in a schematic way the application of the invention at a room of irregular shape where the ventilation air is supplied through a grate in a short wall
  • FIG. 4 shows by way of example an embodiment of an ejector comprised in the installation.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates schematically the flow when an ejector is located behind a column
  • 1 designates a room to be ventilated.
  • the room may have regular or irregular shape and optional dimensions as regards length, width, depth and ceiling height.
  • the room may be a sports-hall, a socalled office landscape or an industrial premise or a similar space, preferably a space which cannot or only with difficulty be ventilated by conventional ventilation engineering at reasonable costs.
  • 2 designates one or more ejectors driven by air or another gaseous medium from an air supply unit 3 indicated schematically in the drawing.
  • 4 and 5 designate connecting conduits connected either to said air supply unit 3 or to a conventional conveying system for the ventilation air 3a.
  • the connecting conduits may be manufactured of plastics or another easily flexible material, which facilitates the installation in rooms of irregular shape.
  • the ventilation air is supplied by means of a grate 6 mounted in a wall of the room.
  • the ventilation air may be supplied in any optional way, for example as in FIG. 2 by means of a ceiling spreader of conventional design 7.
  • the ventilation air may also be supplied from a fresh air magazine formed as a subceiling in a passage, from which magazine the rooms located on both sides of the passage can be ventilated, irrespective of their varying size and shape. In that case one or more ejectors are to be provided in said fresh air magazine for conveying the air to one or several apertures opening into the rooms(s).
  • ejectors may coact in the aperture(s) at the supply in order to mix ventilation air of different conditions from two separate magazines or two separate ducts for different media.
  • the ejectors 2 may be so dimensioned and located at such distances relative each other that the vantilation air thereby is distributed in the room(s) in the extent prescribed between the different parts. of the dwelling zone(s).
  • the ejector is presupposed to be rotatable at its upper end 2a about its longitudinal axis for rotation through one revolution, as indicated by the circle are 8.
  • the ejector is hinged at 2b so that its lower end 2c can be caused to change its position along the arc line 10.
  • FIG. 9 designates a turnscrew intended for manual adjustment of the outlet aperture of the ejector.
  • the ejector has been described here as being adjustable by hand and having a manually adjustable outlet aperture, but it may as well be designed to automatically change its setting or adjusting its outlet aperture, for example in response to a program control device. It also is possible to control a number of coacting ejectors relative one another in a definite sequence.
  • FIG. 3 shows a type of installation where the ejector is utilized so to deflect and distribute the ventilation flow that it is caused to enter and ventilate a partially screened-off space lb which constitutes a small part of the room la.
  • the ejectors may be placed behind, for example, a column in order to redirect and/or straighten such unstable turbulent flows which otherwise would develop and disturb the conveyance and distribution of the ventilation air.
  • the ejectors may also be placed so in the room(s) that they redirect such a flow away from the dwelling zone(s).
  • a. supply air conditions supply air impulse, supply air temperature in relation to room temperature b. dimensions and shape of the room c. equipment of the room d. location of the supply air device and direction of the supply air e. thermal disturbances (temporary heat loadsexternal circumstances)
  • a room supplied with ventilation air in order to effeet the ventilation of the dwelling zone, a certain impulse per unit of length always is required. This necessary supply air impulse may be in conflict with the per missible speed in the dwelling zone.
  • By supplying the ventilation air with an impulse by an ejector it is possible by selecting the number, size and direction of the ejector type to obtain a ventilation jet which always reaches to the inner wall.
  • the ejector may be so dimensioned that the ejector flow is small in relation to the primary air flow.
  • the ejector co-ejects the air about the central line of the ventilation jet. If the ejector is assumed to co-eject the ventilation jet up to a given distance from the central line, then about half the flow of the ventilation jet is co-ejected. The remaining part of the ventilation air diffuses out into the room.
  • the resulting jet width is substantially constant.
  • the ejector can be dimensioned for any supply air flow and any room.
  • Corresponding equations can be formed for studying the utilization of the ejector for redirecting and straightening the disturbing unstable turbulent flow formations which may develop, for example, behind columns.
  • a method according to claim 3 including the step of separately supplying air to said ejectors for said jets, and separately conditioning said supplied air.
  • a method according to claim 4 including the step of separately conditioning the fresh ventilating medium prior to supplying it to said space.
  • a method for ventilating a space in which the ventilating air within the space is conveyed and distributed to selected areas within the space comprising the steps of directing the ventilating air into a controlled circulating path by means of a plurality of ejectors positioned in said path; supplying each ejector with air to emit a jet of air at high velocity, the amount of which air is small with respect to the ventilating air; and locating said ejectors within said space in said circulating path in a series so that the second ejector of the series is disposed within the action range of the first ejector in the series, including the step of adjusting the positions of the ejectors during the ventilating operation to change the velocity of the jet and thereby alter the circulating path created thereby.
  • a space adapted to being ventilated including means defining the boundaries of the space to be ventilated, means to admit ventilating medium into said space, and a series of ejectors mounted in said space at spaced intervals and each positioned to direct a jet of air having a high velocity of a given direction and a small quantity relative to the ventilating medium, said jets operable to create a circulating flow path of the ventilating medium in said space, said ejectors being adjustable to vary the velocity of the jet both by changing the direction of the jet and by varying the quantity flow therefrom.
  • a space according to claim 8 wherein said means to introduce ventilating medium into said space comprises a supply grill adjacent said boundary means and operable to inject ventilating medium into the space so as to flow into said circulating path.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
US357252A 1972-05-08 1973-05-04 Distributing ventilating medium within spaces Expired - Lifetime US3881402A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7206071A SE410653B (sv) 1972-05-08 1972-05-08 Forfarande och anordning for ventilation av stora lokaler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3881402A true US3881402A (en) 1975-05-06

Family

ID=20267847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US357252A Expired - Lifetime US3881402A (en) 1972-05-08 1973-05-04 Distributing ventilating medium within spaces

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3881402A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5235227B2 (xx)
AT (1) AT327454B (xx)
BE (1) BE799245A (xx)
CH (1) CH580788A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2320134C3 (xx)
DK (1) DK145145C (xx)
FI (1) FI56741C (xx)
FR (1) FR2183871B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1437833A (xx)
NL (1) NL177249C (xx)
NO (1) NO135913C (xx)
SE (1) SE410653B (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055112A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-10-25 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Process and apparatus for ventilating or tempering rooms
US4253384A (en) * 1977-04-18 1981-03-03 Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ventilating and air conditioning arrangement
EP0038159A1 (en) * 1980-04-11 1981-10-21 Fläkt Aktiebolag Method of and apparatus for conditioning the atmosphere of a space
US20050121534A1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2005-06-09 Scott James L. Air delivery system
US20070111650A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-05-17 Thomas Lerche Method and device for air-conditioning aircraft cabins
US20160084510A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2016-03-24 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Air supply apparatus used for air conditioner and air conditioner indoor unit having the same

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2127145B (en) * 1982-09-14 1987-04-29 Flaekt Ab Air induction ventilators
DE3320285A1 (de) * 1983-06-04 1984-12-13 Friedrich H. 5060 Bergisch Gladbach Schmidt Zugfreie lueftung fuer innenraeume
CH664003A5 (de) * 1984-07-04 1988-01-29 Sulzer Ag Verfahren zur klimatisierung des aufenthaltbereichs einer halle.
DE3529348A1 (de) * 1985-08-15 1987-02-26 Herbst Donald Verfahren zur belueftung von raeumen und vorrichtung zu dessen durchfuehrung
DE102009009109B3 (de) * 2009-02-16 2010-10-07 Howatherm-Klimatechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Belüftung eines Raumes
JP5791389B2 (ja) * 2011-06-27 2015-10-07 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和システム

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1820779A (en) * 1929-11-25 1931-08-25 Clifford C Carson Unit heater
US3699871A (en) * 1970-02-26 1972-10-24 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Supply air device for injection of preferably cold ventilation air

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1820779A (en) * 1929-11-25 1931-08-25 Clifford C Carson Unit heater
US3699871A (en) * 1970-02-26 1972-10-24 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Supply air device for injection of preferably cold ventilation air

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055112A (en) * 1974-12-30 1977-10-25 Ab Svenska Flaktfabriken Process and apparatus for ventilating or tempering rooms
US4253384A (en) * 1977-04-18 1981-03-03 Schmidt Reuter Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ventilating and air conditioning arrangement
EP0038159A1 (en) * 1980-04-11 1981-10-21 Fläkt Aktiebolag Method of and apparatus for conditioning the atmosphere of a space
DK156149B (da) * 1980-04-11 1989-06-26 Flaekt Ltd Fremgangsmaade og apparat til konditionering af et rum
US20050121534A1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2005-06-09 Scott James L. Air delivery system
US7238106B2 (en) * 2003-11-25 2007-07-03 Scott James L Air delivery system
US20070111650A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-05-17 Thomas Lerche Method and device for air-conditioning aircraft cabins
US20160084510A1 (en) * 2013-05-31 2016-03-24 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Air supply apparatus used for air conditioner and air conditioner indoor unit having the same
US9933168B2 (en) * 2013-05-31 2018-04-03 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Air supply apparatus used for air conditioner and air conditioner indoor unit having the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2320134C3 (de) 1978-05-24
NO135913B (xx) 1977-03-14
FI56741C (fi) 1981-05-11
GB1437833A (en) 1976-06-03
SE410653B (sv) 1979-10-22
AT327454B (de) 1976-02-10
FI56741B (fi) 1979-11-30
NL177249C (nl) 1985-08-16
DK145145B (da) 1982-09-13
FR2183871A1 (xx) 1973-12-21
CH580788A5 (xx) 1976-10-15
BE799245A (fr) 1973-08-31
DK145145C (da) 1989-05-29
DE2320134B2 (de) 1977-09-22
ATA397573A (de) 1975-04-15
DE2320134A1 (de) 1973-11-15
JPS4948145A (xx) 1974-05-10
FR2183871B1 (xx) 1977-08-19
NO135913C (no) 1985-10-08
NL177249B (nl) 1985-03-18
JPS5235227B2 (xx) 1977-09-08
NL7306339A (xx) 1973-11-12

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