US3881048A - Metal coated with a lubricant composition - Google Patents
Metal coated with a lubricant composition Download PDFInfo
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- US3881048A US3881048A US48709674A US3881048A US 3881048 A US3881048 A US 3881048A US 48709674 A US48709674 A US 48709674A US 3881048 A US3881048 A US 3881048A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
- C10M2229/052—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
- C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/08—Solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
- Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31703—Next to cellulosic
Definitions
- ABSTRACT [52 ⁇ 428/447; 428/450; 428/464; A water-dispersible lubricant containing a mixture of 72/46 molybdenum disulphide and graphite particles in 21 ca- [51 lift. C09d 3/14 rboxymethy[Cellulose/amine functional Si'ane binder Fleld of Search 29, R, 25, System i p i y useful i metal working p 252/30 49's; 72/4; 1 17/1351 166 tions. Metal substrates coated with the lubricant compositions are also disclosed.
- the present invention relates to a water-based lubricant.
- the invention relates to metal surfaces having a lubricant coating thereon.
- Lubrication of metals during the working and forming processes is often necessary.
- the metal working lubricant should lower the friction, improve surface finish and protect new surfaces against atmospheric corrosion.
- Solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulphide or graphite, are used as metal working lubricants.
- the use of such lubricants is limited in certain areas of metal working wherein burnishing of the lubricant into the metal surface cannot be tolerated. For example, lubricant contaminated surfaces present difficulties during plating operations.
- the use of the molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture is considered essential in formulating the lubricants of the invention.
- the defined mixture gives superior performance as compared to formulations utilizing either graphite or molybdenum disulphide alone.
- the solid lubricant components are present in the lubricant composition as particles. While the particle size is not critical, for ease in forming coating dispersions, it is preferred that particles in the l to 100 micron diameter size range be utilized.
- the silane-carboxymethylcellulose components provides a binder system for the lubricant particles in the form of a coating which is adherent to metal surfaces. These components are water-soluble, thus providing easy removal of the coating by washing. The binder system also minimizes burnishing of the metal by the solid lubricants during forming operations.
- Silanes operable in the practice of the invention include cant consisting essentially of to 60 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose and 40 to 60 weight percent, of an amine-functional silane of the formula (RO) Si- -(-CH NHR', hydrolyzates and Water soluble partial condensates thereof in which R is an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 inclusive carbon atoms; and R is selected from the group consisting of the hydrogen atom, the -(Ch NH radical, the
- the weight ratio of lubricant (a) to binder (b) in the coating being in the range of from 1:1 to 3:1.
- silanes such as the gammaaminopropylsilanes are commercially available.
- the quaternary salt of the aminoacrylate-functional silane is known and can be prepared by reaction of gammachloropropyltrialkoxysilane with 2- (dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate in the presence of sulfur and methyliodide. Reaction in a solvent at about C gives good yields of the salt.
- the hydrochloride salt is also known and is obtained by reacting betaaminoethyl-gamma-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane with vinylbenzylchloride.
- the lubricant coating can be applied to any of the solid metals processed by techniques such as extruding, drawing and cold forging.
- Exemplary of such metals are steel, aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, titanium, tungsten and Monel metal.
- the described coating provides protection against atmospheric corrosion prior to the metal working.
- the lubricant coating can be applied as a paste or solvated dispersion by conventional processes such as troweling, dipping, brushing or spraying.
- Any solvent for carboxymethylcellulose can be used in formulating the pastes or dispersions.
- the solvent should be volatile to the extent that it evaporates at room temperature or slightly above to leave a uniform coating or dry film of lubricant.
- Suitable solvents include water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like. For reasons of economy, safety and ease of handling, water is the preferred solvent.
- a dispersion especially suitable for the dip-coating of metal articles contains about 15 to 30 weight percent of the described molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture, about to 7.5 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose, about 5 to 7.5 weight percent of an aminefunctional silane of the formula (CH O) Si-(-C1-l N- H-(-Cl-l NH and about 0.5 to 2 weight percent bentonite; the remainder (53 to 74.5 weight percent) being water.
- the bentonite acts as a stabilizer for the dispersion as well as reducing foaming during mixing of the dispersion.
- Conventional additives, such as dyes, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors and the like, can also be used in formulating the above-described lubricant composition.
- Metal articles are coated by dipping or immersing in the aqueous dispersion and allowing the coating to dry at room temperature.
- a thin, uniform, void-free lubricant film is obtained in about 6 to 8 hours at room temperature.
- the coating can be cured at elevated temperatures in a shorter period of time.
- the coating also provides protection from corrosion upon prolonged exposure to atmospheric conditions. The dry coating is strongly adhered to the metal, yet after serving its lubricating function, the coating residue is easily removed by washing in water.
- EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 25 grams of molybdenum disulphide powder and 9.2 grams of graphite was added to 105 grams of 10 percent aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose. During mixing of these components, 10 grams of (CH O) SiCH Cl-l Cl-l Nl-lCl-l CH NH and 2 grams of bentonite were added. The homogeneous aqueous lubricant contained 22.6 weight percent lubricant particles, 6.9 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose, 6.6 of the described silane, 1.3 weight percent bentonite and 62.6 weight percent water.
- Metal test panels (1 inch X 3 inches) of aluminum and steel were dipped in the above dispersion and al- A portion of steel test panel was coated with the described dispersion and allowed to air dry for 24 hours. The coating was then removed by washing with water. The panel was exposed to atmospheric conditions (average humidity of 80 percent) for one month. The uncoated portion and coated/washed portion of the panel were rusted equally. This demonstrates that all of the coating was removed by washing.
- the endurance life of the above-described lubricant coating in a sliding steel-on-steel application was determined by use of a Falex test machine run in accordance with ASTM D 2625. Endurance life was reported as the time required for failure to occur at 1,000 lb. load and at 290 rpm. Test pins dip-coated with the described aqueous lubricant and allowed to dry had an endurance life ranging from 158 to 219 minutes.
- a lubricant composition containing 34 grams of graphite (instead of the graphite/molybdenum sulfide mixture) was formulated with the same amounts of the other components described above. Pins coated with this lubricant had a wear life of about five minutes.
- an Alpha LFW-l test machine (described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,028,746) was operated at 72 rpm under a load of 630 lbs. using a standard steel ring (R and a standard steel block (R 30). The ring was coated with the lubricant of the invention described above. After 5,000 cycles, the LFW 1 wear scar was 1.0 mm and failure did not occur until after 138,220 cycles.
- EXAMPLE 2 Lubricant compositions containing various silanes were formulated.
- the composition contained 16.5 weight percent molybdenum disulphide, 6.1 weight percent graphite, 1.3 weight percent bentonite, 69.5 weight percent of a 10 percent aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose and 6.6 weight percent of the silane.
- Falex pins were dipped in the aqueous lubricants and the coating was allowed to air dry.
- the endurance life (as determined by the Falex test) for each of the 45 coatings containing different silanes is listed below:
- An article comprising a solid metal surface, the surface being coated with a mixture comprising a. a particulate solid lubricant consisting of a molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture containing from about 50 to weight percent molybdenum disulphide, the remainder being graphite; and
Abstract
A water-dispersible lubricant containing a mixture of molybdenum disulphide and graphite particles in a carboxymethylcellulose/amine-functional silane binder system is especially useful in metal working operations. Metal substrates coated with the lubricant compositions are also disclosed.
Description
United States Patent 1 [111 3,881,048
Bertrand Apr. 29, 1975 METAL COATED WITH A LUBRICANT 3.()5l,586 8/1962 Heath et al. 252/30 COMPOSITION 3.288.710 ll moo Hollitz 252/30 334L454 9/1967 Chor et al i 252/22 [75] Inventor: Robert G. Bertrand, Midland, Mich. 33 1 19 ddis ct a|,, 252/30 [73] Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, fix gs f Mich.
[22] Filed: July 10, 1974 Primary E.\'aminerHarry J. Gwmnell PP NOJ 487,096 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Norman E. Lewis Related US. Application Data [62] Division of Scr. No, 279.601, Aug. I0, 1972, Pat. No.
3,843,529. 57 ABSTRACT [52} 428/447; 428/450; 428/464; A water-dispersible lubricant containing a mixture of 72/46 molybdenum disulphide and graphite particles in 21 ca- [51 lift. C09d 3/14 rboxymethy[Cellulose/amine functional Si'ane binder Fleld of Search 29, R, 25, System i p i y useful i metal working p 252/30 49's; 72/4; 1 17/1351 166 tions. Metal substrates coated with the lubricant compositions are also disclosed. [56} References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1 Claim, No Drawings 2.735.814 2/l956 Hodson ct ul 252/30 METAL COATED WITH A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION This is a division of application Ser. No. 279,601, filed Aug. 10, 1972, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,843,529.
The present invention relates to a water-based lubricant. In one aspect, the invention relates to metal surfaces having a lubricant coating thereon.
Lubrication of metals during the working and forming processes is often necessary. The metal working lubricant should lower the friction, improve surface finish and protect new surfaces against atmospheric corrosion. Solid lubricants, such as molybdenum disulphide or graphite, are used as metal working lubricants. The use of such lubricants is limited in certain areas of metal working wherein burnishing of the lubricant into the metal surface cannot be tolerated. For example, lubricant contaminated surfaces present difficulties during plating operations.
Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide metal surfaces with an effective, but easily removed lubricant coating.
It is another object of the invention to provide novel aqueous lubricant compositions.
weight percent of the carboxymethylcellulose-silane binder (b) described above; this being the composition of the coating on the metal article.
The use of the molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture is considered essential in formulating the lubricants of the invention. When combined with the binder, the defined mixture gives superior performance as compared to formulations utilizing either graphite or molybdenum disulphide alone. The solid lubricant components are present in the lubricant composition as particles. While the particle size is not critical, for ease in forming coating dispersions, it is preferred that particles in the l to 100 micron diameter size range be utilized.
The silane-carboxymethylcellulose components provides a binder system for the lubricant particles in the form of a coating which is adherent to metal surfaces. These components are water-soluble, thus providing easy removal of the coating by washing. The binder system also minimizes burnishing of the metal by the solid lubricants during forming operations.
Silanes operable in the practice of the invention include cant consisting essentially of to 60 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose and 40 to 60 weight percent, of an amine-functional silane of the formula (RO) Si- -(-CH NHR', hydrolyzates and Water soluble partial condensates thereof in which R is an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 inclusive carbon atoms; and R is selected from the group consisting of the hydrogen atom, the -(Ch NH radical, the
radical and the CH N-Cll -Cll=Cll C radical; the weight ratio of lubricant (a) to binder (b) in the coating being in the range of from 1:1 to 3:1.
The invention also provides a lubricant comprising about to 75 weight percent of the molybdenum disulphidegraphite mixture (a) and about 25 to 50 formulated in aqueous lubricant dispersions, the alkoxy substituents hydrolyze to form (HO )Si=. It is possible for some of the hydroxyl groups to condense to form a low-molecular weight, water-soluble siloxane (SiOSi) polymer or partial condensate which retains alkoxy and/or hydroxyl-functionality and the defined aminesubstituents. See. US. Pat. No. 3,630,827 concerning these silanes.
Certain of the silanes, such as the gammaaminopropylsilanes are commercially available. The quaternary salt of the aminoacrylate-functional silane is known and can be prepared by reaction of gammachloropropyltrialkoxysilane with 2- (dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate in the presence of sulfur and methyliodide. Reaction in a solvent at about C gives good yields of the salt. The hydrochloride salt is also known and is obtained by reacting betaaminoethyl-gamma-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane with vinylbenzylchloride.
The lubricant coating can be applied to any of the solid metals processed by techniques such as extruding, drawing and cold forging. Exemplary of such metals are steel, aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, titanium, tungsten and Monel metal. In addition to providing surface lubrication during the metal forming operation, the described coating provides protection against atmospheric corrosion prior to the metal working.
The lubricant coating can be applied as a paste or solvated dispersion by conventional processes such as troweling, dipping, brushing or spraying. Any solvent for carboxymethylcellulose can be used in formulating the pastes or dispersions. The solvent should be volatile to the extent that it evaporates at room temperature or slightly above to leave a uniform coating or dry film of lubricant. Suitable solvents include water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like. For reasons of economy, safety and ease of handling, water is the preferred solvent.
A dispersion especially suitable for the dip-coating of metal articles contains about 15 to 30 weight percent of the described molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture, about to 7.5 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose, about 5 to 7.5 weight percent of an aminefunctional silane of the formula (CH O) Si-(-C1-l N- H-(-Cl-l NH and about 0.5 to 2 weight percent bentonite; the remainder (53 to 74.5 weight percent) being water. The bentonite acts as a stabilizer for the dispersion as well as reducing foaming during mixing of the dispersion. Conventional additives, such as dyes, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors and the like, can also be used in formulating the above-described lubricant composition.
Metal articles are coated by dipping or immersing in the aqueous dispersion and allowing the coating to dry at room temperature. A thin, uniform, void-free lubricant film is obtained in about 6 to 8 hours at room temperature. Of course, the coating can be cured at elevated temperatures in a shorter period of time. The coating also provides protection from corrosion upon prolonged exposure to atmospheric conditions. The dry coating is strongly adhered to the metal, yet after serving its lubricating function, the coating residue is easily removed by washing in water.
The following examples are illustrative, and not intended to be limiting, of the invention delineated in the claims.
EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 25 grams of molybdenum disulphide powder and 9.2 grams of graphite was added to 105 grams of 10 percent aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose. During mixing of these components, 10 grams of (CH O) SiCH Cl-l Cl-l Nl-lCl-l CH NH and 2 grams of bentonite were added. The homogeneous aqueous lubricant contained 22.6 weight percent lubricant particles, 6.9 weight percent carboxymethylcellulose, 6.6 of the described silane, 1.3 weight percent bentonite and 62.6 weight percent water.
Metal test panels (1 inch X 3 inches) of aluminum and steel were dipped in the above dispersion and al- A portion of steel test panel was coated with the described dispersion and allowed to air dry for 24 hours. The coating was then removed by washing with water. The panel was exposed to atmospheric conditions (average humidity of 80 percent) for one month. The uncoated portion and coated/washed portion of the panel were rusted equally. This demonstrates that all of the coating was removed by washing.
The endurance life of the above-described lubricant coating in a sliding steel-on-steel application was determined by use ofa Falex test machine run in accordance with ASTM D 2625. Endurance life was reported as the time required for failure to occur at 1,000 lb. load and at 290 rpm. Test pins dip-coated with the described aqueous lubricant and allowed to dry had an endurance life ranging from 158 to 219 minutes.
For purposes of comparison, a lubricant composition containing 34 grams of graphite (instead of the graphite/molybdenum sulfide mixture) was formulated with the same amounts of the other components described above. Pins coated with this lubricant had a wear life of about five minutes.
In another test, an Alpha LFW-l test machine (described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,028,746) was operated at 72 rpm under a load of 630 lbs. using a standard steel ring (R and a standard steel block (R 30). The ring was coated with the lubricant of the invention described above. After 5,000 cycles, the LFW 1 wear scar was 1.0 mm and failure did not occur until after 138,220 cycles.
These data demonstrate the excellent lubrication obtained by use of the composition of the invention.
EXAMPLE 2 Lubricant compositions containing various silanes were formulated. The composition contained 16.5 weight percent molybdenum disulphide, 6.1 weight percent graphite, 1.3 weight percent bentonite, 69.5 weight percent of a 10 percent aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose and 6.6 weight percent of the silane. Falex pins were dipped in the aqueous lubricants and the coating was allowed to air dry. The endurance life (as determined by the Falex test) for each of the 45 coatings containing different silanes is listed below:
Average Silane Present in Endurance Life Lubricant (Minutes) (C H O) SiCH Cl-l CH NH 239 69 G) (C11 0) Si-(-CH NH-(C1l l;lC1l CH 0C-C=CH c1 323 i slz 0 a lowed to air-dry for about 4 hours. Uniform adherent, void-free coatings were obtained. Coated steel panels were placed in a Cyclic Environment Tester and subjected to wet conditions for 30 minutes, followed by dry conditions for 15 minutes for a total of three hours. The coated panels showed no evidence of rust. Uncoated steel panels were discolored and beginning to rust after three hours under the same conditions.
That which is claimed is: 1. An article comprising a solid metal surface, the surface being coated with a mixture comprising a. a particulate solid lubricant consisting of a molybdenum disulphide-graphite mixture containing from about 50 to weight percent molybdenum disulphide, the remainder being graphite; and
b. a binder for the solid lubricant particles consisting radical and the radical; the weight ratio of lubricant (a) to hinder (b) in the coating being in the range of 1:1 to 3:1.
Claims (1)
1. AN ARTICLE COMPRISING A SOLID METAL SURFACE, THE SURFACE BEING COATED WITH A MIXTURE COMPRISING A. A PARTICULATE SOLID LUBRICANT CONSISTING OF A MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE-GRAPHITE MIXTURE CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 50 TO 80 WEIGHT PERCENT MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE, THE REMAINDER BEING GRAPHITE; AND B. A BINDER FOR THE SOLID LUBRICANT PARTICLES CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ABOUT 40 TO 60 WEIGHT PERCENT CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE AND ABOUT 40 TO 60 WEIGHT PERCENT OF AN AMINEFUNCTIONAL SILANE OF THE FORMULA (RO)3SI-CH2-3NHR'', HYDROLYZATES AND PARTIAL CONDENSATES THEREOF IN WHICH R IS AN ALKYL RADICAL CONTAINING FROM 1 TO 4 INCLUSIVE CARBON ATOMS; AND R'' IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE HYDROGEN ATOMS, THE -CH2-2NH2 RADICAL, THE
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US27960172 US3843529A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1972-08-10 | Metal working lubricant compositions |
CA165,673A CA988917A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1973-03-09 | Metal working lubricant |
DE2317708A DE2317708C3 (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1973-04-09 | lubricant |
FR7329044A FR2195675B1 (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1973-08-08 | |
GB3801073A GB1407370A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1973-08-10 | Lubricant compositions |
US48709674 US3881048A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1974-07-10 | Metal coated with a lubricant composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US27960172 US3843529A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1972-08-10 | Metal working lubricant compositions |
US48709674 US3881048A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1974-07-10 | Metal coated with a lubricant composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3881048A true US3881048A (en) | 1975-04-29 |
Family
ID=26959773
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US27960172 Expired - Lifetime US3843529A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1972-08-10 | Metal working lubricant compositions |
US48709674 Expired - Lifetime US3881048A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1974-07-10 | Metal coated with a lubricant composition |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US27960172 Expired - Lifetime US3843529A (en) | 1972-08-10 | 1972-08-10 | Metal working lubricant compositions |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3843529A (en) |
CA (1) | CA988917A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2317708C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2195675B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1407370A (en) |
Cited By (12)
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FR2441657A1 (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-06-13 | Dow Corning Gmbh | AQUEOUS COMPOSITION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LUBRICANTS IN THE FORM OF DRY FILM |
US5389270A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-02-14 | Electrochemicals, Inc. | Composition and process for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating |
US5476580A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-12-19 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Processes for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating |
US5690805A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1997-11-25 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process |
US5725807A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1998-03-10 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Carbon containing composition for electroplating |
US5833452A (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-11-10 | M-C Power Corporation | Coated metal sintering carriers for fuel cell electrodes |
US6171468B1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2001-01-09 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process |
US6303181B1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2001-10-16 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process employing a cationic conditioner and a binder |
US20020166357A1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2002-11-14 | Saint Jean Industries | Method for making light alloy components |
US6710259B2 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2004-03-23 | Electrochemicals, Inc. | Printed wiring boards and methods for making them |
US20060029494A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2006-02-09 | General Electric Company | High temperature ceramic lubricant |
CN107206461A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-09-26 | 英黙里斯石墨和碳瑞士有限公司 | Need the improvement of the method and system of lubrication |
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US3931020A (en) * | 1974-08-22 | 1976-01-06 | Gulf & Western Industries, Inc. | Smokeless forging lubricant |
US4001125A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1977-01-04 | Grafo Colloids Corporation | Lubricant for mandrels, forging dies, molds and the like |
DE2554077C3 (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1980-08-21 | Deutsche Texaco Ag, 2000 Hamburg | Consistent lubricant, especially for rails, switches and rail vehicles |
US4257902A (en) * | 1976-08-04 | 1981-03-24 | Singer & Hersch Industrial Development (Pty.) Ltd. | Water-based industrial fluids |
US4094799A (en) * | 1976-12-20 | 1978-06-13 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Solid particles-containing lubricating oil composition and method for using same |
US4259467A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-03-31 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Hydrophilic contact lens made from polysiloxanes containing hydrophilic sidechains |
US4260725A (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-04-07 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Hydrophilic contact lens made from polysiloxanes which are thermally bonded to polymerizable groups and which contain hydrophilic sidechains |
US4474669A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1984-10-02 | United States Steel Corporation | Can-making lubricant |
US4416132A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1983-11-22 | E/M Lubricants, Inc. | Metal forming lubricant and method of use thereof |
CH669129A5 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1989-02-28 | Lonza Ag | LUBRICANT SYSTEM FOR SHEET AND PROFILE ROLLING MILLS. |
US5116521A (en) * | 1988-07-07 | 1992-05-26 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Aqueous lubrication treatment liquid and method of cold plastic working metallic materials |
JPH02248496A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1990-10-04 | Japan Atom Energy Res Inst | Lubricating grease |
DE59309911D1 (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 2000-02-03 | Lonza Ag | Mandrel lubricant for the manufacture of seamless pipes |
US5297409A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-03-29 | Beaman Danny L | Workhardening high-strength steel aircraft components |
CA2186419C (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 2003-12-30 | Kelvin Spencer Chiddick | Solid lubricants & friction modifiers for heavy loads and rail applications |
JPH10130687A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-05-19 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Lubricant composition for hot working |
US7960447B2 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2011-06-14 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Cationic end-capped siloxane prepolymer for reduced cross-link density |
US7468397B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-12-23 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Polymerizable siloxane-quaternary amine copolymers |
US20090235602A1 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | Ceccofiglio David H | Strengthened shutter system |
US8250890B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2012-08-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method to improve solid lubricant film tribological performance and adhesion to hot forming material |
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-
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- 1973-04-09 DE DE2317708A patent/DE2317708C3/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-08 FR FR7329044A patent/FR2195675B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-08-10 GB GB3801073A patent/GB1407370A/en not_active Expired
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Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2441657A1 (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-06-13 | Dow Corning Gmbh | AQUEOUS COMPOSITION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LUBRICANTS IN THE FORM OF DRY FILM |
US7186923B2 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2007-03-06 | Electrochemicals, Inc. | Printed wiring boards and methods for making them |
US20040084321A1 (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 2004-05-06 | Thorn Charles Edwin | Printed wiring boards and methods for making them |
US5690805A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1997-11-25 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process |
US5725807A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1998-03-10 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Carbon containing composition for electroplating |
US5389270A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-02-14 | Electrochemicals, Inc. | Composition and process for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating |
US6171468B1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2001-01-09 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process |
US5476580A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-12-19 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Processes for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating |
US6710259B2 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2004-03-23 | Electrochemicals, Inc. | Printed wiring boards and methods for making them |
US6303181B1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 2001-10-16 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Direct metallization process employing a cationic conditioner and a binder |
US5833452A (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-11-10 | M-C Power Corporation | Coated metal sintering carriers for fuel cell electrodes |
US20020166357A1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2002-11-14 | Saint Jean Industries | Method for making light alloy components |
US20060029494A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2006-02-09 | General Electric Company | High temperature ceramic lubricant |
CN107206461A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-09-26 | 英黙里斯石墨和碳瑞士有限公司 | Need the improvement of the method and system of lubrication |
US20170297232A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-10-19 | Thomas L. Sidler | Improvements in methods and systems requiring lubrication |
US10357900B2 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2019-07-23 | Imerys Graphite & Carbon Switzerland Sa | Methods and systems requiring lubrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1407370A (en) | 1975-09-24 |
US3843529A (en) | 1974-10-22 |
FR2195675B1 (en) | 1976-11-12 |
FR2195675A1 (en) | 1974-03-08 |
DE2317708A1 (en) | 1974-02-28 |
CA988917A (en) | 1976-05-11 |
DE2317708C3 (en) | 1975-07-03 |
DE2317708B2 (en) | 1974-11-21 |
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