US3870234A - Laminar flame separate aerosol burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy - Google Patents

Laminar flame separate aerosol burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy Download PDF

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Publication number
US3870234A
US3870234A US304269A US30426972A US3870234A US 3870234 A US3870234 A US 3870234A US 304269 A US304269 A US 304269A US 30426972 A US30426972 A US 30426972A US 3870234 A US3870234 A US 3870234A
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burner
flame
aerosol
atomic absorption
absorption spectroscopy
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US304269A
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Janex Stupar
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Institut Jozef Stefan
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Institut Jozef Stefan
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
    • G01N21/72—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using flame burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations

Definitions

  • the sample in the form of a solution is transformed into fine droplets by means of the pneumatic or ultrasonic nebulizer and is mixed with the flame gases in the spray chamber and burner.
  • concentration of the solution in the flame which affects the sensitivity of the method depends on the nebulizer efficiency.
  • the previously described or known long-path laminar-flame burner uses a simultaneous supply of the three media, i.e. fuel gas, flame-support gas and dis persed solutions, into the common spray chamber and through an intermediate tube into the burner provided with a common flame gas orifice.
  • This burner has the disadvantage in atomic absorption measurements that the quantity of the dispersed solution to be analyzed that reaches the flame gas orifice varies according to the type of the flame gas mixture employed. For example, the concentration of the dispersed solution in the flame is diminished if nitrous oxide is used instead of air as a flame support gas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a burner which is free from the previously mentioned disadvantages of the presently used long path laminar flame burners and provides a considerable improvement in the sensitivity of the determination.
  • the burner of the invention consists of a body in the form of a tube-like chamber, which is connected to the flame gas supply.
  • a small aerosol chamber- is fixed inside the burner body and is provided with a tube for connection to the aerosol supply on one side and a plurality of small orifices positioned in a line on the other side. These orifices lie between two parallel slots on the top of the burner, which slots serve as an outlet for the flame gases. In this manner the aerosol and the flame gases are completely separated. Both phases the flame gas mixture and the dispersed solution come into contact as a flame and an aerosol stream after passing through the separate orifices.
  • FIGURE of the accompanying drawing is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a burner according to the invention.
  • Aerosol chamber 1 is connected by the tube 11 to the aerosol supply. On the the top there is a plurality of orifices 12 which direct the aerosol into the flame.
  • the aerosol chamber 1 is mounted inside the burner in such manner as to enable the aerosol to be injected into the middle of the flame that burns between two parallel slots 22, the width of which is determined by four metal spacers 4.
  • the spacers 4 are clamped between the aerosol chamber 1 and both halves of the burner head 3.
  • the burner head 3 is water-cooled. Two pairs of pipe connections 31 serve as junctions to the water supply and drain respectively.
  • Two parallel channels 32 drilled in both halves of the burner head 3 and fitted with pipe connections 31 allow the water to circulate.
  • the burner head 3, together with the aerosol chamber 1, are fixed tightly to the burner body 2 by means of screws 5. In this manner two parallel slots 22 are formed for the flame gases which enter the burner through the inlet tube 21.
  • a laminar-flame separate-aerosol-injection burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy, comprising an aerosol chamber provided with a plurality of orifices on the upper side and connected by a tube to an aerosol supply, said aerosol chamber being positioned inside a burner body and clamped between two halves of a burner head which are screwed tightly to the top of the burner body, and that four thin metal spacers are placed between the aerosol chamber and the halves of the burner head to form on both sides of the orifices two parallel slots for the flame gases, whereat two parallel channels are drilled on each side of the burner head connected by pipe connections to a water supply and drain respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

A laminar-flame burner having a burner body with a head consisting of two halves and clamped with spacer against an aerosol chamber to define a pair of flame slots, the aerosol chamber being fed by a tube extending into the chamber from below.

Description

United States Patet Stupar Mar. 11, 1975 LAMINAR FLAME SEPARATE AEROSOL BURNER FOR USE IN ATOMIC [56] References Cited ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY UNITED STATES PATENTS Inventor: J Swim, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia 2,719,581 10/1955 Greathead 239/1323 Assigneez lnstitut Jozef Stefan Jamova, 3,698,643 10/1972 Cummmgs 6t Eli. 356/87 X Yugoslavia Primary Examiner-Carroll B. Dority, Jr. [22] Flled: 1972 Attorney, Agent, or Firml(arl F. Ross; Herbert 211 Appl. No.: 304,269 Dubno [30] Foreign Application Priority Data [57] ABSTRACT Apr. 11, 1972 Yugoslavia 973/72 A laminar-flame burner having a burner y with a head consisting of two halves and clamped with spacer 1521 US. Cl 239/132.3, 239/425, 356/87, against an aerosol chamber to define P of flame 431/12 C slots, the aerosol chamber being fed by a tube extend- 51 1111.01. B05b 15/00 g into the h mber from below. [58] Field of Search 431/126; 239/1323, 423,
1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure LAMINAR FLAME SEPARATE AEROSOL BURNER FOR USE IN ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY Long-path burners employed in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy are generally attached to a spray chamber with a built-in pneumatic, ultrasonic or other type of nebulizer. The construction of these burners is such that the fuel, the flame support gas (air or N and the nebulized solution are mixed together in the spray chamber, which is connected to the burner. With such a burner, the generation of a high-temperature longpath (5 to cms.) laminar flame (air acetylene gas, N 0 acetylene gas) is made possible. The sample in the form of a solution is transformed into fine droplets by means of the pneumatic or ultrasonic nebulizer and is mixed with the flame gases in the spray chamber and burner. The concentration of the solution in the flame which affects the sensitivity of the method depends on the nebulizer efficiency.
The previously described or known long-path laminar-flame burner uses a simultaneous supply of the three media, i.e. fuel gas, flame-support gas and dis persed solutions, into the common spray chamber and through an intermediate tube into the burner provided with a common flame gas orifice. This burner has the disadvantage in atomic absorption measurements that the quantity of the dispersed solution to be analyzed that reaches the flame gas orifice varies according to the type of the flame gas mixture employed. For example, the concentration of the dispersed solution in the flame is diminished if nitrous oxide is used instead of air as a flame support gas.
In addition, independent control of the flame and aerosol parameters is not possible in the known atomic absorption laminar flame burners where the three media are directed together into the burner, i.e. the dispersed solution to be analysed, fuel gas and flame support gas.
The object of the invention is to provide a burner which is free from the previously mentioned disadvantages of the presently used long path laminar flame burners and provides a considerable improvement in the sensitivity of the determination.
SUMMARYOF THE INVENTION This object is achieved by constructing a liminar flame separate aerosol injection burner for atomic absorption measurements. The burner of the invention consists of a body in the form of a tube-like chamber, which is connected to the flame gas supply. A small aerosol chamber-is fixed inside the burner body and is provided with a tube for connection to the aerosol supply on one side and a plurality of small orifices positioned in a line on the other side. These orifices lie between two parallel slots on the top of the burner, which slots serve as an outlet for the flame gases. In this manner the aerosol and the flame gases are completely separated. Both phases the flame gas mixture and the dispersed solution come into contact as a flame and an aerosol stream after passing through the separate orifices.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The above and other objects will become more readily apparent from the following description, reference being made to the sole FIGURE of the accompanying drawing which is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a burner according to the invention.
SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION From the drawing the main parts of the new atomic absorption burner can be seen. Aerosol chamber 1 is connected by the tube 11 to the aerosol supply. On the the top there is a plurality of orifices 12 which direct the aerosol into the flame. The aerosol chamber 1 is mounted inside the burner in such manner as to enable the aerosol to be injected into the middle of the flame that burns between two parallel slots 22, the width of which is determined by four metal spacers 4. The spacers 4 are clamped between the aerosol chamber 1 and both halves of the burner head 3. The burner head 3 is water-cooled. Two pairs of pipe connections 31 serve as junctions to the water supply and drain respectively. Two parallel channels 32 drilled in both halves of the burner head 3 and fitted with pipe connections 31 allow the water to circulate. The burner head 3, together with the aerosol chamber 1, are fixed tightly to the burner body 2 by means of screws 5. In this manner two parallel slots 22 are formed for the flame gases which enter the burner through the inlet tube 21.
What we claim is:
1. A laminar-flame separate-aerosol-injection burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy, comprising an aerosol chamber provided with a plurality of orifices on the upper side and connected by a tube to an aerosol supply, said aerosol chamber being positioned inside a burner body and clamped between two halves of a burner head which are screwed tightly to the top of the burner body, and that four thin metal spacers are placed between the aerosol chamber and the halves of the burner head to form on both sides of the orifices two parallel slots for the flame gases, whereat two parallel channels are drilled on each side of the burner head connected by pipe connections to a water supply and drain respectively.

Claims (1)

1. A laminar-flame separate-aerosol-injection burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy, comprising an aerosol chamber provided with a plurality of orifices on the upper side and connected by a tube to an aerosol supply, said aerosol chamber being positioned inside a burner body and clamped between two halves of a burner head which are screwed tightly to the top of the burner body, and that four thin metal spacers are placed between the aerosol chamber and the halves of the burner head to form on both sides of the orifices two parallel slots for the flame gases, whereat two parallel channels are drilled on each side of the burner head connected by pipe connections to a water supply and drain respectively.
US304269A 1972-04-11 1972-11-06 Laminar flame separate aerosol burner for use in atomic absorption spectroscopy Expired - Lifetime US3870234A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
YU973/72A YU34564B (en) 1972-04-11 1972-04-11 Burner for measuring with a laminar flame and a separate injection of the solution into the flame, in atomic absorption spectroscopy

Publications (1)

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US3870234A true US3870234A (en) 1975-03-11

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US (1) US3870234A (en)
AU (1) AU473953B2 (en)
GB (1) GB1408027A (en)
YU (1) YU34564B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4596463A (en) * 1983-11-22 1986-06-24 Errol Akomer Atomic spectroscopy surface burner

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2719581A (en) * 1952-02-13 1955-10-04 Selas Corp Of America Welding torch
US3698643A (en) * 1971-01-15 1972-10-17 Owens Illinois Inc Inert gas shield for atomic absorption or flame emission spectrometer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2719581A (en) * 1952-02-13 1955-10-04 Selas Corp Of America Welding torch
US3698643A (en) * 1971-01-15 1972-10-17 Owens Illinois Inc Inert gas shield for atomic absorption or flame emission spectrometer

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4596463A (en) * 1983-11-22 1986-06-24 Errol Akomer Atomic spectroscopy surface burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU34564B (en) 1979-09-10
YU97372A (en) 1979-02-28
AU4919872A (en) 1974-05-23
GB1408027A (en) 1975-10-01
AU473953B2 (en) 1976-07-08

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