US3863138A - One element voltage supply device - Google Patents
One element voltage supply device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3863138A US3863138A US397023A US39702373A US3863138A US 3863138 A US3863138 A US 3863138A US 397023 A US397023 A US 397023A US 39702373 A US39702373 A US 39702373A US 3863138 A US3863138 A US 3863138A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- transistor
- emitter
- polarity
- semi
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
- H03K17/725—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region for ac voltages or currents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
- H02J7/24—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02J7/2437—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using thyristors or triacs as final control devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
Definitions
- a one element voltage source vvhich provides a voltage output ofa polarity opposite from that applied to the input thereof includes a transistor having emitter, base and collector electrodes. A voltage of a first polarity is impressed across the emitter-base junction of the transistor to place the junction in an avalanched condition. Upon achieving such a condition, an opposite polarity voltage of a lesser magnitude is realized at the collector of the transistor.
- the single element voltage source is used inconjunction with a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) as a voltage regulator device for use in the electrical generating system of an automotive vehicle.
- SCR silicon controlled rectifier
- Voltage producing apparatus which provides an output voltage of one polarity and which is powered by an input voltageof an opposite polarity, is
- This last-mentioned type of apparatus normally includes, however, several elements or components for making the transformation.
- the fabrication of the apparatus includes the provision of the plurality of elements required therein and the assembly of the elements in a proper manner. The latter thus increases thecost of the apparatus.
- the voltage is approximately 0.5 volts and is of a high impedance, but is sufficient for constructive use, such as, for example, in an automobile voltage regulator-according to the invention.
- a voltage regulator of the last described type employs the single transistor device to hold off a silicon controlled rectifier having a low gate current requirement.
- the voltage applied to the emitter of the transistor device either from the battery or alternator output winding of the vehicle, controls the output voltage at the collector which is used to control the conductivity of the SCR through which excitation current is supplied to the field winding of the alternator.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged symbolic view of a semiconductor junction transistor connected according to the invention to provide an output voltage of a polarity different than the voltage applied to the input thereof;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle voltage regulator arrangement employing a transistor device of the above-described type.
- FIG. 1 a transistor 10 of the NPN type having base, emitter and collector portions 12, 14, 16, respec tively, comprised of either N or P type semi-conductor material as indicated.
- a typical exampleof an NPN transistor of the type used in this case is a Motorola 791. With the last-mentioned transistor, a voltage of approximately +6 volts is applied across emitter-base electrodes 20, 22. Because the emitter is at a voltage level sufficiently higher than the base of the transistor, which in the case illustrated is at ground potentiaLthe emitter-base junction 24 of the device experiences a zener action or as is commonly termed, an avalanced condition occurs thereat. During the time the lastmentioned condition is occurring, it has been observed that a voltage is present at the collector electrode of the transistor which is of a polarity opposite from that applied across the emitter-base electrode of the device.
- a negative one-half volts has been recorded at the collector electrode.
- the voltage at the collector elec' trode although provided by a relatively high impedance source, represents a suitable inversion of the batteryvoltage applied at the input of the transistor and is sufficient for useful applications.
- a transistor having a larger emitter area i.e., greater amount of semi-conductor material making up the emitter of the transistor, can be used. The latter produces, also, higher current flow.
- FIG. 2 of the drawings there is illustrated therein a one transistor voltage regulator circuit for use for example, in regulating the battery voltage in a motor vehicle.
- the regulator circuit embodiment 30 of the drawing which is designed for use with a negative grounded automotive electrical system, employs a transistor of the NPN type having base, collector and emitter electrodes 34, 36, 38, respectively.
- the emitter electrode is coupled through a resistor 40 to the positive terminal of a storage battery 43 of the vehicle and via a resistor 42 to ground.
- the negative terminal 45 of the battery is grounded.
- the resistor arrangement serves as a voltage divider to apply a voltage across the emitter-base electrode of the transistor for operation thereof according to the invention. This will be explained hereinafter in greater detail.
- SCR silicon controlled rectifier
- the anode 50 of the SCR is connected to the field winding 52 of an alternator device 54, shown in dashed lines.
- the field winding 52 of the alternator is in turn connected directly to one phase winding 58 of the three phase windings 58, 60, 62, of the stator or output of the alternator device 54.
- a conventional rectifier bridge arrangement 64 is coupled to'the output phase windings also to provide rectified voltage to the vehicle electrical system and for charging the battery 43.
- a high impedance resistor 63 on the order of greater than approximately k ohms is connected between an output lead 61 of the rectifier arrangmement 64 and the gate electrode 46 of the SCR 48.
- SCR 48 is forward biased by the positive voltage from'resistor 63 and excitation current is provided from phase winding 58-to field winding 52. This in'turn causes the alternator device to produce charging current, to the vehicle'battery and raise the voltage level thereof to a point whet-eat the cycle repeats itself.
- the discovered transistor phenomenon according to the invention can be applied to a voltage regulator device for an automotive vehicle, using only a single transistor element and a silicon controlled rectifier.
- a transistor of an opposite type i.e.', PNP
- a positive output voltage can beprovided by the application at the emitter-base junction of a negative polarity voltage capable of avalanching .the emitter-base junction of the transistor.
- the latter type of transistor canbe used in a regulator designed for an automotive electric system having the positive terminal grounded. While a particular embodiment of the invention has i been shown and described, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto since many modifications may be made.
- a one transistor voltagesource coupled to the control electrode of said semi-conductor device for controlling the operation thereof between said states, said transistorincluding emitter, collector and base electrodes and means coupled electrically between said vehicle battery and said emitter electrode for applying across said emitter and base electrodes a voltage potential of a first polarity, the value of said firstpolarity voltage depending upon the voltage level of said battery and the output electrode of said transistor being coupled electrically to the control electrode of said semi-conductor device, the emitter-base junction of said transistor being placed in an avalanched state in response to the voltage level of said battery being at apredetermined level, thereby providing at the collector of said transistor a voltage of a polarity opposite from that applied at thev emitter-of said transistor to the controlelectrode of said semiconductor device for maintaining said device in
- a voltage regulator as claimed in claim 1 wherein said transistor is of the NPN type, wherein the voltage applied across said emitter-base junction is of a positive polarity of a predetermined magnitude and wherein the voltage applied to the control electrode of said semiconductor device is of a negative polarity and of a mag nitude less than that of said input voltage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US397023A US3863138A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | One element voltage supply device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US397023A US3863138A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | One element voltage supply device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3863138A true US3863138A (en) | 1975-01-28 |
Family
ID=23569572
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US397023A Expired - Lifetime US3863138A (en) | 1973-09-13 | 1973-09-13 | One element voltage supply device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3863138A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997048160A1 (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuitry for voltage pole reversal |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3716774A (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1973-02-13 | Motorola Inc | Vehicle power supply system with voltage regulator load compensation |
-
1973
- 1973-09-13 US US397023A patent/US3863138A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3716774A (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1973-02-13 | Motorola Inc | Vehicle power supply system with voltage regulator load compensation |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997048160A1 (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuitry for voltage pole reversal |
US5999426A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1999-12-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuitry for voltage pole reversal |
CN1089498C (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 2002-08-21 | 西门子公司 | Circuitry for voltage pole reversal |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC INCORPORATED, FOUR SEAGATE, TO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MOTOROLA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004997/0236 Effective date: 19871116 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CONGRESS FINANCIAL Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PEI 1991 ACQUISITION, INC. A/K/A PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC COMPANYINCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:005962/0243 Effective date: 19911029 Owner name: PEI 1991 ACQUISITION, INC. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:005967/0628 Effective date: 19911029 Owner name: CONGRESS FINANCIAL, ILLINOIS Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PEI 1991 ACQUISITION, INC. A/K/A PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC COMPANYINCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:005962/0243 Effective date: 19911029 Owner name: PEI 1991 ACQUISITION, INC., OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:005967/0628 Effective date: 19911029 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PRESTOLITE ELECTRIC INCORPORATED, MICHIGAN Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CONGRESS FINANCIAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:007185/0936 Effective date: 19941026 |