US3830307A - Fire prevention and/or suppression system - Google Patents

Fire prevention and/or suppression system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3830307A
US3830307A US00325539A US32553973A US3830307A US 3830307 A US3830307 A US 3830307A US 00325539 A US00325539 A US 00325539A US 32553973 A US32553973 A US 32553973A US 3830307 A US3830307 A US 3830307A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
space
liquid
conduit
dewar
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00325539A
Inventor
K Bragg
R Nichols
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parker Intangibles LLC
Original Assignee
Parker Hannifin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parker Hannifin Corp filed Critical Parker Hannifin Corp
Priority to US00325539A priority Critical patent/US3830307A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3830307A publication Critical patent/US3830307A/en
Assigned to PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/32—Safety measures not otherwise provided for, e.g. preventing explosive conditions

Definitions

  • nitrogen, or some other cryogenic fluid is introduced into the space that is to be protected in liquid form, and preferably in the form of fme liquid droplets.
  • the droplets vaporize in the space and mix with the oxygen gas in the space to dilute, cool and or replace the same to the extent that there is insufficient oxygen in the space to support combustion.
  • liquid nitrogen being very cold, such as in the vicinity of 320 F., exerts a very rapid and considerable cooling effect on the oxygen and other gases in the space, and on nongaseous materials in or adjacent to the space, to eliminate or delay subsequent increase of temperature of the combustible materials present to ignition levels.
  • the drawing indicates a schematic view of a container having cryogenic inert liquid therein connected by a conduit to a space to be protected against fire or explosion.
  • the system may, for example, by an installation within an aircraft, and as shown includes a dewar containing liquid nitrogen 11.
  • the liquid nitrogen is under pressure due to vaporization of a portion thereof, such vaporized nitrogen being in the upper portion of the dewar.
  • the pressure may be in the neighborhood of 30 to 70 psi, for example, and is prevented from exceeding this pressure by a pressure relief valve 12.
  • the temperature of the liquid nitrogen will be approximately 3 10 F. to 290 F.
  • the dewar is connected by a conduit to the ullage space 16 of a fuel tank 17 containing liquid fuel 18.
  • the ullage space 16 contains fuel vapor and will also contain some oxygen that had entered the tank either from the atmosphere or as dissolved gas in the liquid fuel when the tank was being filled with fuel.
  • the tank ullage may also contain gaseous nitrogen previously introduced for the purpose of renderingthe oxygen-fuel vapor content of the ullage non-flammable by keeping the oxygen content to about 11 percent or less'of the total gaseous content of the ullage.
  • a normally closed control valve 21 having associated therewith an operator'22, such as a solenoid, that may be automatically actuated for opening valve 21 by a fire detection means that includes fire detectors 23, 24, and a control unit 25.
  • Valve 21 also has associated therewith an operator 28 that may be actuated by manual operation of a switch button 29 on control unit 25.
  • Control unit 25 preferably includes a timer that operates to shut off valve 21 after a predetermined period of time after being opened by operator.
  • a check valve 33 is also in the conduit and the latter terminates at a fog nozzle 35 of conventional design for spraying liquid nitrogen from conduit 15 into the tank ullage space in small or finely divided liquid droplets.
  • a one-way vent valve 38 permits venting of excess gas from the tank to prevent overpressurizing of the tank interior.
  • Space 16 will contain fuel vapor and will also contain some oxygen, as already explained. If the oxygen content becomes greater than about 1 1 the fuel vaporoxygen mixture will become flammable. 1f ignition occurs, this will be detected by detectors 23, 24, which may be of the infra-red type, and a signal will be generated for causing control unit 25 to actuate operator 22 for opening valve 21. Liquid nitrogen will then flow from dewar 11 to nozzle 35 and be sprayed therefrom in fine liquid droplet form into the tank ullage where it will vaporize and quickly dilute the oxygen in the ullage to the point where combustion ceases. Snuffing out of the tire is also facilitated by the fact that the nitrogen also cools the combustible gases. Furthermore, the nitrogen causes additional cooling of the ullage contents and material adjacent thereto to prevent or delay reignition after valve 21 has been shut off. Such cooling occurs very rapidly with the use of liquid nitrogen as described.
  • valve 21 should fail to function when needed, or if it is automatically shut off by the timer in control unit 25 before the tire is extinguished, or if it is desired to introduce nitrogen into the protected space as a precautionary measure, valve 21 may be opened by manually depressing button 29. This manual operation is of special importance if the space to be protected against fire is within an engine nacelle, or surrounds a wheel brake, or is in any other location where a dangerous condition may be anticipated.
  • conduit 15 may be of sufficient flow capacity (diameter) and of short enough length so that the liquid will pass therethrough before ambient temperature causes complete vaporization of the same before it is discharged from nozzle 35. Some of the liquid nitrogen may vaporize within the conduit before it reaches the nozzle because the conduit, prior to initiation of flow therethrough, may be at a temperature higher than that of the liquid nitrogen.
  • a system for preventing and/or extinguishing fire in a gaseous space within a closed container comprising a dewar containing a cryogenic fluid, a portion of said fluid being in liquid form and another portion being in gaseous form that exerts pressure on the liquid, a conduit connecting the liquid containing portion of said dewar to a fog nozzle communicating directly with said space, said gaseous fluid providing the only source of pressure for moving said liquid from the dewar through the conduit and the fog nozzle to said space, said fog nozzle delivering said liquid to said space in finely divided liquid droplets, a valve in said conduit controlling flow of said cryogenic liquid from the dewar through said conduit to said fog nozzle, means for detecting a fire in said space and for opening said valve in response to said detection, and a one-way vent valve for venting excess gas from the container to prevent overpressurization of the container.

Abstract

A fire prevention and/or suppression system in which liquid nitrogen is injected into a space to be protected against fire and/or explosion. The nitrogen vaporizes in the space and mixes with the combustible gases therein to extinguish flame that may be present and/or render the gases non-flammable to prevent their ignition, and also quickly cools the gases and/or other combustible material that may be present to protect against ignition or re-ignition.

Description

United States Patent Bragg et al. 1 Aug. 20, 1974 [54] FIRE PREVENTION AND/0R SUPPRESSION 3,438,445 4/1969 MacCracken 169/12 X SYSTEM 3,467,349 9/1969 Gautier 169/2 R x 3,486,562 12/1969 Goodloe eta1.... 169/11 Inventors: Kenneth gg Redondo Beach; 3,524,506 8/1970 Weise 169/9 x Richard A. Nichols, Santa Monica, both of Calif. Primary Examiner-Lloyd L. King [73] Asslgnee' gi:5g 3g:: Corporatmn Assistant Examiner-Michael Y. Mar
Attorney, Agent, or Firm-John N. Wolfram [22] Filed: Jan. 22, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 325,539
Related US. Application Data ABSTRACT [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 35,994, May 11, 1970,
abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. A fire prevention and/or suppression system in which No. 711,020, March 6, 1968, Pat. No. 3,590,559. liquid nitrogen is injected into a space to be protected against fire and/or explosion. The nitrogen vaporizes [52] US. Cl. 169/9, 169/11' in the space and mixes with the combustible gases [51] Int. Cl. A62c 1/24 therein to extinguish flame that may be present and/or [58] Field of Search 169/2 R, 5, 9, ll, 30, render the gases non-flammable to prevent their ignil69/3l tion, and also quickly cools the gases and/or other combustible material that may be present to protect [56] References Cited against ignition or re-ignition.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,227,219 1/1966 Boyer et a]. 169/5 X 1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure FIRE PREVENTION AND/OR SUPPRESSION SYSTEM This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 35,994, filed May 11, 1970, now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 71 1,020, filed Mar. 6, 1968, now Pat. No. 3,590,559.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In aircraft and other places where danger of fire or explosion exists in particular locations because 'of the presence, or possible presence of flammable materials, it is highly desirable to provide means for preventing and/or extinguishing fire and to prevent re-ignition if a fire has occurred and has been extinguished. In the present system nitrogen, or some other cryogenic fluid, is introduced into the space that is to be protected in liquid form, and preferably in the form of fme liquid droplets. The droplets vaporize in the space and mix with the oxygen gas in the space to dilute, cool and or replace the same to the extent that there is insufficient oxygen in the space to support combustion.
In addition, the liquid nitrogen, being very cold, such as in the vicinity of 320 F., exerts a very rapid and considerable cooling effect on the oxygen and other gases in the space, and on nongaseous materials in or adjacent to the space, to eliminate or delay subsequent increase of temperature of the combustible materials present to ignition levels.
DESCRIPTION The drawing indicates a schematic view of a container having cryogenic inert liquid therein connected by a conduit to a space to be protected against fire or explosion.
The system may, for example, by an installation within an aircraft, and as shown includes a dewar containing liquid nitrogen 11. The liquid nitrogen is under pressure due to vaporization of a portion thereof, such vaporized nitrogen being in the upper portion of the dewar. The pressure may be in the neighborhood of 30 to 70 psi, for example, and is prevented from exceeding this pressure by a pressure relief valve 12. The temperature of the liquid nitrogen will be approximately 3 10 F. to 290 F.
The dewar is connected by a conduit to the ullage space 16 of a fuel tank 17 containing liquid fuel 18. The ullage space 16 contains fuel vapor and will also contain some oxygen that had entered the tank either from the atmosphere or as dissolved gas in the liquid fuel when the tank was being filled with fuel. The tank ullage may also contain gaseous nitrogen previously introduced for the purpose of renderingthe oxygen-fuel vapor content of the ullage non-flammable by keeping the oxygen content to about 11 percent or less'of the total gaseous content of the ullage.
Mounted in conduit 15 is a normally closed control valve 21 having associated therewith an operator'22, such as a solenoid, that may be automatically actuated for opening valve 21 by a fire detection means that includes fire detectors 23, 24, and a control unit 25. Valve 21 also has associated therewith an operator 28 that may be actuated by manual operation of a switch button 29 on control unit 25. Control unit 25 preferably includes a timer that operates to shut off valve 21 after a predetermined period of time after being opened by operator. A check valve 33 is also in the conduit and the latter terminates at a fog nozzle 35 of conventional design for spraying liquid nitrogen from conduit 15 into the tank ullage space in small or finely divided liquid droplets. A one-way vent valve 38 permits venting of excess gas from the tank to prevent overpressurizing of the tank interior.
Space 16 will contain fuel vapor and will also contain some oxygen, as already explained. If the oxygen content becomes greater than about 1 1 the fuel vaporoxygen mixture will become flammable. 1f ignition occurs, this will be detected by detectors 23, 24, which may be of the infra-red type, and a signal will be generated for causing control unit 25 to actuate operator 22 for opening valve 21. Liquid nitrogen will then flow from dewar 11 to nozzle 35 and be sprayed therefrom in fine liquid droplet form into the tank ullage where it will vaporize and quickly dilute the oxygen in the ullage to the point where combustion ceases. Snuffing out of the tire is also facilitated by the fact that the nitrogen also cools the combustible gases. Furthermore, the nitrogen causes additional cooling of the ullage contents and material adjacent thereto to prevent or delay reignition after valve 21 has been shut off. Such cooling occurs very rapidly with the use of liquid nitrogen as described.
lf valve 21 should fail to function when needed, or if it is automatically shut off by the timer in control unit 25 before the tire is extinguished, or if it is desired to introduce nitrogen into the protected space as a precautionary measure, valve 21 may be opened by manually depressing button 29. This manual operation is of special importance if the space to be protected against fire is within an engine nacelle, or surrounds a wheel brake, or is in any other location where a dangerous condition may be anticipated.
To assure that the nitrogen will reach nozzle 35 in liquid form, conduit 15 may be of sufficient flow capacity (diameter) and of short enough length so that the liquid will pass therethrough before ambient temperature causes complete vaporization of the same before it is discharged from nozzle 35. Some of the liquid nitrogen may vaporize within the conduit before it reaches the nozzle because the conduit, prior to initiation of flow therethrough, may be at a temperature higher than that of the liquid nitrogen.
We claim:
1. A system for preventing and/or extinguishing fire in a gaseous space within a closed container, comprising a dewar containing a cryogenic fluid, a portion of said fluid being in liquid form and another portion being in gaseous form that exerts pressure on the liquid, a conduit connecting the liquid containing portion of said dewar to a fog nozzle communicating directly with said space, said gaseous fluid providing the only source of pressure for moving said liquid from the dewar through the conduit and the fog nozzle to said space, said fog nozzle delivering said liquid to said space in finely divided liquid droplets, a valve in said conduit controlling flow of said cryogenic liquid from the dewar through said conduit to said fog nozzle, means for detecting a fire in said space and for opening said valve in response to said detection, and a one-way vent valve for venting excess gas from the container to prevent overpressurization of the container.

Claims (1)

1. A system for preventing and/or extinguishing fire in a gaseous space within a closed container, comprising a dewar containing a cryogenic fluid, a portion of said fluid being in liquid form and another portion being in gaseous form that exerts pressure on the liquid, a conduit connecting the liquid containing portion of said dewar to a fog nozzle communicating directly with said space, said gaseous fluid providing the only source of pressure for moving said liquid from the dewar through the conduit and the fog nozzle to said space, said fog nozzle delivering said liquid to said space in finely divided liquid droplets, a valve in said conduit controlling flow of said cryogenic liquid from the dewar through said conduit to said fog nozzle, means for detecting a fire in said space and for opening said valve in response to said detection, and a one-way vent valve for venting excess gas from the container to prevent overpressurization of the container.
US00325539A 1970-05-11 1973-01-22 Fire prevention and/or suppression system Expired - Lifetime US3830307A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00325539A US3830307A (en) 1970-05-11 1973-01-22 Fire prevention and/or suppression system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3599470A 1970-05-11 1970-05-11
US00325539A US3830307A (en) 1970-05-11 1973-01-22 Fire prevention and/or suppression system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3830307A true US3830307A (en) 1974-08-20

Family

ID=26712692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00325539A Expired - Lifetime US3830307A (en) 1970-05-11 1973-01-22 Fire prevention and/or suppression system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3830307A (en)

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4213501A (en) * 1976-11-13 1980-07-22 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Process and device for evaporating large quantities of low boiling liquefied gases
US4373420A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-02-15 General Dynamics, Pomona Division Combustion suppressor
WO1991003325A1 (en) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-21 Vitronics Corporation Apparatus for cleaning mechanical devices using terpene compounds
WO1991007208A2 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-30 Kidde-Graviner Limited Improvements relating to water spray systems
EP0496066A1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Firefighting device using a reservoir full of cryogenic gas
GB2256366A (en) * 1989-11-17 1992-12-09 Graviner Ltd Kidde Improvements relating to water spray systems
US5240018A (en) * 1989-08-30 1993-08-31 Vitronics Corporation Apparatus for cleaning mechanical devices using terpene compounds
US5368105A (en) * 1991-12-11 1994-11-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Cryogenic slurry for extinguishing underground fires
US5904190A (en) * 1997-06-17 1999-05-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Method to prevent explosions in fuel tanks
US5918679A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-07-06 Cramer; Frank B. Fire safety system
WO1999047210A1 (en) 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Inerting method for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
EP1066857A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-10 Siemens Building Technologies AG Nitrogen extinguishing installation with storage tank
DE10051662B4 (en) * 2000-10-18 2004-04-01 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Procedure for extinguishing a fire that has broken out inside a closed room
US20060283977A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-21 Macdonald Leo S Novel cryogenic firefighting and hazardous materials suppression apparatus
US20070214808A1 (en) * 2003-05-14 2007-09-20 Airwars Defense Lp Liquid nitrogen enabler
US20080283255A1 (en) * 2007-05-17 2008-11-20 Dubrucq Denyse Liquid Nitrogen Enabler Apparatus
WO2009102303A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Denyse Claire Dubrucq Liquid nitrogen enabler
CN101898018A (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-12-01 维克托里克公司 Be used for changing automatically the equipment and the method for sprinkler system
US20120048575A1 (en) * 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Rembe Gmbh Safety+Control Device for Protecting a Container or a Conduit From an Explosion
US20140338928A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2014-11-20 Ramboll Danmark A/S Method for fighting a fire or a temperature rise in a material stored in a large storage facility, a firefighting system and uses hereof
US9150311B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-10-06 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and methods for air vehicles
US9737740B2 (en) 2012-01-15 2017-08-22 Alan Beresford Temperature-control system and method
US20170361139A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 The Boeing Company Fire extinguishing container
US20180001124A1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2018-01-04 Zodiac Aerotechnics Fuel cell devices for fire prevention on-board aircraft
US20180106430A1 (en) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 Gregory E. Young Low volume nitrogen systems
CN109018385A (en) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-18 晨龙飞机（荆门）有限公司 A kind of fuel tanker automatically adjusting spin manifold temperature
US11028727B2 (en) * 2017-10-06 2021-06-08 General Electric Company Foaming nozzle of a cleaning system for turbine engines
US11390457B2 (en) 2017-10-12 2022-07-19 Gregory E. Young Low volume nitrogen systems
US11465768B2 (en) 2017-07-10 2022-10-11 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Refueling device
US11498755B2 (en) 2017-10-12 2022-11-15 Gregory E. Young Controlled nitrogen blanketing systems
US11919655B2 (en) 2017-06-18 2024-03-05 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. System and method for refueling air vehicles

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227219A (en) * 1963-12-19 1966-01-04 Gen Electric Testing for a fire extinguishing system
US3438445A (en) * 1967-07-25 1969-04-15 Calmac Mfg Corp Life-supporting and property protecting firefighting process and apparatus
US3467349A (en) * 1967-11-09 1969-09-16 Robert A Gautier System and method for freeing aircraft fuels of moisture,micro-organisms and other contaminants
US3486562A (en) * 1968-03-08 1969-12-30 David K Goodloe Fire prevention,detection and extinguishing system
US3524506A (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-08-18 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Fire extinguishing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227219A (en) * 1963-12-19 1966-01-04 Gen Electric Testing for a fire extinguishing system
US3438445A (en) * 1967-07-25 1969-04-15 Calmac Mfg Corp Life-supporting and property protecting firefighting process and apparatus
US3467349A (en) * 1967-11-09 1969-09-16 Robert A Gautier System and method for freeing aircraft fuels of moisture,micro-organisms and other contaminants
US3486562A (en) * 1968-03-08 1969-12-30 David K Goodloe Fire prevention,detection and extinguishing system
US3524506A (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-08-18 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Fire extinguishing apparatus

Cited By (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4213501A (en) * 1976-11-13 1980-07-22 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Process and device for evaporating large quantities of low boiling liquefied gases
US4373420A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-02-15 General Dynamics, Pomona Division Combustion suppressor
WO1991003325A1 (en) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-21 Vitronics Corporation Apparatus for cleaning mechanical devices using terpene compounds
US5103846A (en) * 1989-08-30 1992-04-14 Vitronics Corporation Apparatus for cleaning mechanical devices using terpene compounds
US5240018A (en) * 1989-08-30 1993-08-31 Vitronics Corporation Apparatus for cleaning mechanical devices using terpene compounds
WO1991007208A2 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-30 Kidde-Graviner Limited Improvements relating to water spray systems
WO1991007208A3 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-11-28 Graviner Ltd Kidde Improvements relating to water spray systems
GB2256366A (en) * 1989-11-17 1992-12-09 Graviner Ltd Kidde Improvements relating to water spray systems
EP0496066A1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Firefighting device using a reservoir full of cryogenic gas
US5197548A (en) * 1991-01-22 1993-03-30 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Fire extinguishing device with storage tank for a low-boiling liquefied gas which serves as extinguishing agent
US5368105A (en) * 1991-12-11 1994-11-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Cryogenic slurry for extinguishing underground fires
US5904190A (en) * 1997-06-17 1999-05-18 The Regents Of The University Of California Method to prevent explosions in fuel tanks
US5918679A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-07-06 Cramer; Frank B. Fire safety system
WO1999047210A1 (en) 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Inerting method for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
AU747436B2 (en) * 1998-03-18 2002-05-16 Wagner Group Gmbh Inerting method for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
CZ297177B6 (en) * 1998-03-18 2006-09-13 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Inerting method for preventing risk and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
EP1066857A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-10 Siemens Building Technologies AG Nitrogen extinguishing installation with storage tank
DE10051662B4 (en) * 2000-10-18 2004-04-01 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Procedure for extinguishing a fire that has broken out inside a closed room
US20070214808A1 (en) * 2003-05-14 2007-09-20 Airwars Defense Lp Liquid nitrogen enabler
US7631506B2 (en) * 2003-05-14 2009-12-15 AirWars Defence LP Liquid nitrogen enabler
US20060283977A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-21 Macdonald Leo S Novel cryogenic firefighting and hazardous materials suppression apparatus
US20080283255A1 (en) * 2007-05-17 2008-11-20 Dubrucq Denyse Liquid Nitrogen Enabler Apparatus
WO2009102303A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Denyse Claire Dubrucq Liquid nitrogen enabler
CN101898018A (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-12-01 维克托里克公司 Be used for changing automatically the equipment and the method for sprinkler system
CN101898018B (en) * 2009-02-03 2014-06-04 维克托里克公司 Device and method for automatic conversion sprinkler system
US20120048575A1 (en) * 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Rembe Gmbh Safety+Control Device for Protecting a Container or a Conduit From an Explosion
US9415249B2 (en) * 2010-08-25 2016-08-16 Rembe Gmbh Safety+Control Device for protecting a container or a conduit from an explosion
US9150311B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-10-06 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and methods for air vehicles
US10421556B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2019-09-24 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for refueling air vehicles
US9457912B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2016-10-04 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and methods for air vehicles
US9573696B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2017-02-21 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and methods for air vehicles
US11834192B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2023-12-05 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for refueling air vehicles
US11180262B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2021-11-23 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for refueling air vehicles
US10543929B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2020-01-28 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and method for air vehicles
US10479523B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2019-11-19 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Systems and methods for air vehicles
US10427801B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2019-10-01 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for refueling air vehicles
US11167860B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2021-11-09 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for refueling air vehicles
US9737740B2 (en) 2012-01-15 2017-08-22 Alan Beresford Temperature-control system and method
US20140338928A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2014-11-20 Ramboll Danmark A/S Method for fighting a fire or a temperature rise in a material stored in a large storage facility, a firefighting system and uses hereof
EP3247469B1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2024-04-10 Safran Aerotechnics Fuel cell devices for fire prevention on-board aircraft
US10507345B2 (en) * 2015-01-22 2019-12-17 Zodiac Aerotechnics Fuel cell devices for fire prevention on-board aircraft
US20180001124A1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2018-01-04 Zodiac Aerotechnics Fuel cell devices for fire prevention on-board aircraft
US20170361139A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 The Boeing Company Fire extinguishing container
US10974085B2 (en) 2016-06-17 2021-04-13 The Boeing Company Fire extinguishing container
US10201722B2 (en) * 2016-06-17 2019-02-12 The Boeing Company Fire extinguishing container
US20180106430A1 (en) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 Gregory E. Young Low volume nitrogen systems
US11919655B2 (en) 2017-06-18 2024-03-05 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. System and method for refueling air vehicles
US11465768B2 (en) 2017-07-10 2022-10-11 Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. Refueling device
US11028727B2 (en) * 2017-10-06 2021-06-08 General Electric Company Foaming nozzle of a cleaning system for turbine engines
US11390457B2 (en) 2017-10-12 2022-07-19 Gregory E. Young Low volume nitrogen systems
US11498755B2 (en) 2017-10-12 2022-11-15 Gregory E. Young Controlled nitrogen blanketing systems
CN109018385A (en) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-18 晨龙飞机（荆门）有限公司 A kind of fuel tanker automatically adjusting spin manifold temperature

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3830307A (en) Fire prevention and/or suppression system
CA2518534C (en) Vehicle fire extinguisher
US6003608A (en) Fire suppression system for an enclosed space
EP1896142B1 (en) Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
US4643260A (en) Fire suppression system with controlled secondary extinguishant discharge
US6935433B2 (en) Helium gas total flood fire suppression system
RU2595990C2 (en) Methods and device for multistage fire extinguishing system
CZ157197A3 (en) Method and apparatus for detecting and prevention of fire
US8752640B1 (en) Method for detecting and suppressing fire in a container
IL157986A (en) Fire protection systems and methods
US3876011A (en) Apparatus for preventing and extinguishing automotive vehicle fires
Chatrathi et al. Dust deflagration extinction
US4531588A (en) Fire suppression system
CZ119397A3 (en) Process and apparatus for suppressing explosive burning, particularly of hydrocarbons
US3019843A (en) Fire inhibitor and extinguisher
US4991658A (en) Device particularly useful as a fire extinguisher
US2718330A (en) Tank having apparatus for arresting the spread of fires and preventing explosions
US3135330A (en) Fire protection system
US5161621A (en) Method of containing and extinguishing a fire
US8813772B2 (en) Security device and container provided with such device
GB1343457A (en) Systems for preventing and or extinguishing fire
US3237894A (en) Apparatus for the prevention of the explosion of fuel tanks
USRE26020E (en) Fire inhibitor and extinguisher
JP2001333994A (en) Liquid metal-induced fire extinguishing equipment
CN103587461A (en) Water-mist-firefighting-system tank car for loading flammable substances

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: PARKER INTANGIBLES INC., A CORP. OF DE, DELAWARE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005886/0169

Effective date: 19881221