US3828762A - Tubular heat exchanger - Google Patents
Tubular heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3828762A US3828762A US00290902A US29090272A US3828762A US 3828762 A US3828762 A US 3828762A US 00290902 A US00290902 A US 00290902A US 29090272 A US29090272 A US 29090272A US 3828762 A US3828762 A US 3828762A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchange
- tube
- air
- combustion
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
- F24H3/087—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using fluid fuel
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A heat exchanger, especially useful for warm air furnaces alone or in combination with air-conditioning (g1 ..Fl2246c/%1013 v apparatus, in which a flame is directed into the end of [58] Fieid 126ml A an elongated tube, the hot products of combustion flowing into the tube and being vented from the opposite end.
- Novel features include a push-pull, forced [56] References cued draft blower arrangement, combined with positive UNITED STATES PATENTS pressure, tangential air entry to the heat exchanger 2,188,133 1/1940 Hepburn 126/91 A tube in order to control the combustion rate and pro- 2,226,816 12/1940 Hepburn 126/91 A mote heat flux in aid tube 2,385,854 10/1945 Wolfersperger 126/91 A 2,787,318 4/!957 Wolfersperger 126/91 A 2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
- This invention relates generally to fuel fired (preferably gas fired) heat exchangers commonly used in warm air furnaces or roof top units which combine an air heating unit and an air cooling unit in the same housing.
- the invention deals with heat exchangers in which a flame is directed into-a tube and the products of combustionflow through the tube and are vented through a flue at the opposite end.
- a flame is directed into-a tube and the products of combustionflow through the tube and are vented through a flue at the opposite end.
- a dual blower assembly can be used for force air (or other combustion supporting gas) to flow under pressure to the combustion chamber and also to induce the flow of combustion products through the tube and into the flue.
- a novel push-pull blower system is combined with a tangential air inlet to improve the overall efficiency of the burner assembly and promote heat flux within the tubes.
- size is a critical limitation. This is especially true in roof top units which are designed for a compact, low profile assembly. The reduction in size of the heater unit per se is therefore very important.
- the combination of the tubular type heat exchanger with a blower system in which air is forced under pressure into the combustion chamber to induce tangential flow directed into the length of the tube, greatly enhances the heat flux and overall efficiency.
- the same motor can be used to operate a second blower unit having its suction side connected to the distal end of the burner tube to draw the products of combustion into the flue and discharge the same into the atmosphere.
- FIG. I is a cross-sectional view of certain portions broken away for clarity, of a heat exchanger constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane of line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a heat ex changer including a burner assembly 10, a combustion chamber 12, a U-shaped tubular heat exchange ele ment l4 (hereinafter referred to simply as the U-tube) having an entrance end or inlet 16 and discharge end or outlet 18.
- Burner assembly may be of any known design. but preferably is of the inshot type which oper- '2 ates in an atmospheric ambient independent of the heat exchanger.
- U-tube 14 extends through one wall 22 of the furnace in the path of air to be heated as indicated by the arrows 26.
- a combustion chamber 12 into which pressurized air is supplied by a first blower 30, said blower including a centrifugal blower wheel 32 driven by motor 34.
- the outlet of the blower is connected to the combustion chamber at 36.
- a flue collector 38 At the exhaust end or outlet of the U-tube 16 there is a flue collector 38 into which the products of combustion flow from the tube.
- a second blower unit 40 includes centrifugal blower wheel 44 having its suction side 42 in communication with the flue collector and its outlet side 44 connected to a flue vent 46 or other means for discharging gases to atmosphere.
- the second blower unit is also driven by motor 34.
- the induced draft of blower 40 maintains negative pressure throughout the length of the U-tube.
- An important feature of the invention includes a means for supplying pressurized air from the blower to the combustion chamber in an manner to produce a rapid swirling of the flame and combustion air which causes the products of combustion to continue on a helical path through substantially the entire length of the tube.
- the swirling motion of these hot products of combustion greatly increase the heat transfer between such gases and the inside wall of the tube, thereby promoting the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
- the spinning secondary air controls the rate (or length) of combustion.
- the tangential air inlet comprises a cylindrical shaped element or spinner 48 inside combustion chamber 16, said spinner having a plurality of tangentially directed inlet openings 49 formed by bent tabs 50 cut out of the side wall of the cylinder.
- the pressurized air is forced into annular combustion chamber 16, it is forced to be directed through the tangential openings to swirl through the inside of the cylinder mixing with the axially directed flame from burner 10.
- heat exchange tube shown is only one of several which are ordinarily included in a warm air furnace section. Each such tube utilizes its own burner assembly although it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and arrangements may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
- a generally U-shaped heat exchange element (14) arranged in the path of said air to be heated and extending through said wall (22), said element having an inlet (16) and an outlet (18); a combustion chamber (12) at the inlet of said heat exchange element; an inshot-type burner assembly (10) spaced from said combustion chamber and disposed entirely within said ambient atmosphere. said burner assembly ment; and a second blower (40) having its suction side connected to the outlet of said heat exchange element for inducing flow from said heat exchange element toward said flue collector.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00290902A US3828762A (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1972-09-21 | Tubular heat exchanger |
AU59017/73A AU473257B2 (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-08-08 | Tubular heat exchanger |
GB3826373A GB1412810A (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-08-13 | Tubular heat exchanger |
DE19732341722 DE2341722C3 (de) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-08-17 | Heizvorrichtung |
CA179,281A CA982439A (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-08-21 | Tubular heat exchanger |
IT28897/73A IT995357B (it) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-09-13 | Scambiatore di calore tubolare |
JP48105134A JPS589341B2 (ja) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-09-19 | カンジヨウネツコウカンキ |
FR7333996A FR2200493B1 (it) | 1972-09-21 | 1973-09-21 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00290902A US3828762A (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1972-09-21 | Tubular heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3828762A true US3828762A (en) | 1974-08-13 |
Family
ID=23117983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00290902A Expired - Lifetime US3828762A (en) | 1972-09-21 | 1972-09-21 | Tubular heat exchanger |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3828762A (it) |
JP (1) | JPS589341B2 (it) |
AU (1) | AU473257B2 (it) |
CA (1) | CA982439A (it) |
FR (1) | FR2200493B1 (it) |
GB (1) | GB1412810A (it) |
IT (1) | IT995357B (it) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4014316A (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1977-03-29 | British Gas Corporation | Systems for heating fluids |
US4187835A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1980-02-12 | Dunlop Limited | Indirect heat transfer apparatus |
US4496314A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1985-01-29 | Beresford N Clarke | Recuperator |
US4619604A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1986-10-28 | Carrier Corporation | Flame radiator structure |
US4846145A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1989-07-11 | Katsuyoshi Inouci | Infrared ray radiation sauna device with heat source of combustion heat |
US4869229A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1989-09-26 | Johnson Arthur C W | Burner unit |
US5429112A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-07-04 | Rozzi; Mario | Infra-red radiant tube heater |
US5681159A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1997-10-28 | Gas Research Institute | Process and apparatus for low NOx staged-air combustion |
US6071115A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 2000-06-06 | Gas Research Institute | Apparatus for low NOx, rapid mix combustion |
GB2347488A (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2000-09-06 | Powrmatic Ltd | Heater unit |
US20080066834A1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2008-03-20 | Jepson Stewart C | Direct-Fired Furnace Utilizing an Inert Gas to Protect Products Being Thermally Treated in the Furnace |
US20090136884A1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2009-05-28 | Jepson Stewart C | Direct-Fired Furnace Utilizing An Inert Gas To Protect Products Being Thermally Treated In The Furnace |
US20120178031A1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-12 | Carrier Corporation | Push and Pull Premix Combustion System With Blocked Vent Safety Shutoff |
US20180031274A1 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-01 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51114751A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1976-10-08 | Kubota Ltd | Heat exchanger |
GB8514554D0 (en) * | 1985-06-08 | 1985-07-10 | Young M E | Containers |
NL1006796C2 (nl) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-22 | Holding J H Deckers N V | Luchtverwarmingsinrichting met gegoten warmtewisselaar. |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2188133A (en) * | 1937-11-11 | 1940-01-23 | Surface Combustion Corp | Heating apparatus |
US2385854A (en) * | 1940-10-21 | 1945-10-02 | John J Wolfersperger | Gas burner |
US2787318A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1957-04-02 | John J Wolfersperger | Burner with tangential air admission and restricted throat |
US2796118A (en) * | 1954-07-21 | 1957-06-18 | Hanck Mfg Co | Burner for tube firing |
US3315655A (en) * | 1967-04-25 | Firing mechanism for multiple burner heating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3195609A (en) * | 1960-11-28 | 1965-07-20 | Midland Ross Corp | Self stabilizing radiant tube burner |
FR2029195A5 (it) * | 1969-01-17 | 1970-10-16 | Guire Jean |
-
1972
- 1972-09-21 US US00290902A patent/US3828762A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-08-08 AU AU59017/73A patent/AU473257B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-13 GB GB3826373A patent/GB1412810A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-21 CA CA179,281A patent/CA982439A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-13 IT IT28897/73A patent/IT995357B/it active
- 1973-09-19 JP JP48105134A patent/JPS589341B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-09-21 FR FR7333996A patent/FR2200493B1/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3315655A (en) * | 1967-04-25 | Firing mechanism for multiple burner heating apparatus | ||
US2188133A (en) * | 1937-11-11 | 1940-01-23 | Surface Combustion Corp | Heating apparatus |
US2226816A (en) * | 1937-11-11 | 1940-12-31 | Surface Combustion Corp | Heating apparatus |
US2385854A (en) * | 1940-10-21 | 1945-10-02 | John J Wolfersperger | Gas burner |
US2787318A (en) * | 1949-11-04 | 1957-04-02 | John J Wolfersperger | Burner with tangential air admission and restricted throat |
US2796118A (en) * | 1954-07-21 | 1957-06-18 | Hanck Mfg Co | Burner for tube firing |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4014316A (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1977-03-29 | British Gas Corporation | Systems for heating fluids |
US4187835A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1980-02-12 | Dunlop Limited | Indirect heat transfer apparatus |
US4496314A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1985-01-29 | Beresford N Clarke | Recuperator |
US4619604A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1986-10-28 | Carrier Corporation | Flame radiator structure |
US4846145A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1989-07-11 | Katsuyoshi Inouci | Infrared ray radiation sauna device with heat source of combustion heat |
US4869229A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1989-09-26 | Johnson Arthur C W | Burner unit |
US5429112A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-07-04 | Rozzi; Mario | Infra-red radiant tube heater |
US5681159A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1997-10-28 | Gas Research Institute | Process and apparatus for low NOx staged-air combustion |
US6071115A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 2000-06-06 | Gas Research Institute | Apparatus for low NOx, rapid mix combustion |
GB2347488A (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2000-09-06 | Powrmatic Ltd | Heater unit |
GB2347488B (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2001-01-24 | Powrmatic Ltd | A heater unit |
US6474328B1 (en) | 1999-06-21 | 2002-11-05 | Anthony Crispin Fells | Heater unit |
US20080066834A1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2008-03-20 | Jepson Stewart C | Direct-Fired Furnace Utilizing an Inert Gas to Protect Products Being Thermally Treated in the Furnace |
US20090136884A1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2009-05-28 | Jepson Stewart C | Direct-Fired Furnace Utilizing An Inert Gas To Protect Products Being Thermally Treated In The Furnace |
US20120178031A1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-12 | Carrier Corporation | Push and Pull Premix Combustion System With Blocked Vent Safety Shutoff |
US20180031274A1 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-01 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers |
US11022340B2 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2021-06-01 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4970259A (it) | 1974-07-08 |
FR2200493B1 (it) | 1976-11-19 |
AU5901773A (en) | 1975-02-13 |
GB1412810A (en) | 1975-11-05 |
DE2341722B2 (de) | 1976-04-29 |
CA982439A (en) | 1976-01-27 |
JPS589341B2 (ja) | 1983-02-21 |
AU473257B2 (en) | 1976-06-17 |
IT995357B (it) | 1975-11-10 |
DE2341722A1 (de) | 1974-03-28 |
FR2200493A1 (it) | 1974-04-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: YORK INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION, 631 SOUTH RICHLAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. EFFECTIVE;ASSIGNOR:BORG-WARNER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004676/0360 Effective date: 19860609 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:YORK INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005156/0705 Effective date: 19881215 |