US3815660A - Improved method for casting metal tennis racquet - Google Patents
Improved method for casting metal tennis racquet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3815660A US3815660A US00279166A US27916672A US3815660A US 3815660 A US3815660 A US 3815660A US 00279166 A US00279166 A US 00279166A US 27916672 A US27916672 A US 27916672A US 3815660 A US3815660 A US 3815660A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- die
- racquet
- frame head
- die cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B49/12—Frames made of metal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B49/022—String guides on frames, e.g. grommets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B49/028—Means for achieving greater mobility of the string bed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/54—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like with means for damping vibrations
Definitions
- the stringing means may comprise a multiplicity of spaced eyelets partially cast into the frame head, or a sinuous wire annulus of spaced and alternating crests and troughs, the troughs being cast into the frame head and the crests receiving the racquet string.
- Either form of stringing means may be connected to a metal band of the same general size and shape as the frame head, which band is cast into the frame.
- the tennis racquet of the present invention comprises die cast magnesium which provides a very vibration-resistant racquet with adequate flexibility for power, and acceptable control.
- a primary object of the present invention is the provision of a metal tennis racquet having independent stringing means.
- v I I 1 Another object of the'present invention is the provision of a metal tennis racquet which is produced by die casting and requires little or no machining.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a metal tennis racquet of superior playing characteristics by means of a simple and inexpensive process.
- a metal tennis racquetof conventional shape and weight is produced by a die casting process, themetal used being preferablymagnesium.
- the stringing means of the racquet is produced independently of the racquet frame.
- the stringing means may be any one of four different embodiments;
- a series-of spaced eyelets may be cast directly into the frame or the eyelets may first be secured to a metal band which is then cast into the frame.
- a sinuous wire annulus having crests and troughs may have its trough portions cast directly into the frame or first secured to a metal band which is then cast into the frame. The racquet is then conventionally strung through either the eyelets or the crests of the sinuous wire annulus.
- FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of the completed racquet frame taken along the line 6-6 of FIG 1.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional type tennis racquet 10, characterizedby handle 12, neck 14 and head 16 sections.
- the head 16 can be the standard oval shape, or the very contemporary and popular round shape.
- the neck 14 may be a solid bar, similar to conventional wooden racquets, or may be fabricated as two parallel rails with a substantial space therebetween.-
- the metal racquet of the instant invention is produced by a die casting process, the preferred metal used being magnesium.
- Magnesium has been little used for tennis racquets heretofore but possesses favorable characteristics for such use.
- a metal racquet can now be designed with a substantial frame (similar to wood racquet frames) without proving to be too heavy for most players.
- Another characteristic of magnesium is its-vibration absorbtive ability. None of the metals currently popular for use as tennis racquets are as absorbtive of vibrations as magnesium. This would permit a player to'powerfully stroke a ball without the undesirable vibrations attendantfwith most contemporary metal racquets.”
- FIG. 2 is illustrative of the preferred stringing means employed by the instant invention.
- the preferred stringing means 18 comprises a metal base or band 20 with a multiplicity of spaced eyelets 22 attached thereto.
- the preferential manner of attaching the eyelets 22 to the metal band is by spot welding.
- the eyelets 22 are characterized by elongated stems 24 and eyes 26 unitarily connected to said stems, said eyes 26 being adapted to receive the strings of the racquet.
- FIG. 3 illustrates alternative stringing means 28.
- This embodiment is characterized by a metal band 30 and a sinuous stringing wire 32 connected thereto.
- the sinuous stringing wire comprises a series of crests 34 and troughs 36, the crests being adapted to receive the tennis racquet strings.
- the troughs are adapted to be connected to the band 30 preferably by spot welding.
- a conventional two part die 38 is shown in diagrammatic form with numeral 40 indicating the parting line.
- the die has a casting interior 41 shaped to define the racquet frame head 16.
- the metal band of the stringing means 18 or 28, as the case may be is bent to generally conform to the shape of the frame head 16 and placed within the die cavity.
- the die is provided with a series of spaced holes 42 at the parting line of the die which permit relatively short portions of the stems 24 of the said eyelet 22 to protrude therefrom inwardly toward the center of the racquet headl6.
- the molten magnesium is then die cast into the die cavity and upon solidification, the metal band 20 and most of the stem portions 24 of said eyelets are irremovably cast into the racquet frame head 16. It should be noted that it is possible to proportion the lengths of the stems 24 of the eyelets such that the portions protruding from the die are short or relatively long, as the case may be. Thelo'nger'the stem portions, the greater will be the flexing of the stems 24 during play with an attendantincrease in power.
- the individual eyelets 22 may be located in the die by placing the stems of the individual eyelets 22 in the holes 42 at the parting line of the die. Upon casting, the eyelets will be individually captured within the metal frame head and provide a tennis racquet having similar playing characteristics.
- the stems of the eyelets are all assembled substantially perpendicular to the metal band.
- the racquet strings 44 will not all be linear with the stems 24. This will produce a bending moment about the point 46 ofjoinder between eachstem 24 and the metal band 20. This moment is not sufficient to alter the superior playing characteristics of the racquet.
- it is possible to avoid this situation by initially securing the eyelets 22 to the metal band 20 at preselected angles, such that when the band is bent into the oval or circular shape of the frame head, all strings are linear with respect to the eyelet stems 24.
- the holes 42 at the parting line of the die may be formed at the preselected angles which will permit substantial alignment of the stems 24 of the eyelets 22 with the racquet strings 44.
- the wire 32 is shown. assembled in the die cavity 41 just prior to casting the molten magnesium. As seen, the troughs 36 are completely within the die cavity 41 whereas the crests 34 are completely outside the die. A
- the sinuous wire 32 may also be combined with the metal band 30. In either case, the molten magnesium is then introduced into the die 38 capturing the troughs 36 of the wire therewithin.
- the stringing means as initially provided, is capable of immediate stringing, and no drilling or other finishing steps need be done in the manufacture ofa playable racquet.
- the playing characteristics of the embodiments described herein are superior to those of contemporary racquets which have stringing holes formed in the frame head.
- the stringing means of the instant invention extends inwardly of the inner periphery of the frame head. It is therefore capable of flexing upon the impact of a ball on the strings.
- the elastic reaction of the stringing means imparts an additional thrust to the ball as it leaves the strings, As' heretofore stated, the absorbtive capabilities of magnesium permit a player to produce powerful strokes with minimal after-shock.
- a-method for forming a die case light-metal racquet comprising: providing a die having a cavity corresponding in configuration to the frame head of said racquet, providing independent stringing means to be mounted in said, die cavity, said independent stringing means comprisinga substantially flat metal band having integral string receiving ele* ments extending from one flat side thereof at substantially right angles thereto, positioning saidflat metal band throughout the length of said die cavity with those portions of said string receiving elementsthat receive racquet strings extending exteriorly of said die cavity in a substantially horizontal plane and inwardly of said frame head, introducing a molten light-metal into said die cavity to fill said cavity and envelop the metal band and the portions of said string receiving elements that lie within said die cavity, and cooling said molten metal a to solidify said metal both to form a die cast light-metal frame head and simultaneously capture said independent stringing means therein.
- the string receiving elements comprise eyelets having integral stems, said stems being secured to saidmetal band with the string receiving eyelets extending exterisaid die cavity with the crests of said sinuous wire extendingexteriorly of said die cavity in a substantially the finished product.
- said frame head being die cast about, said metal band andv the troughs of said sinuous wire.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00279166A US3815660A (en) | 1972-08-09 | 1972-08-09 | Improved method for casting metal tennis racquet |
US427515A US3874667A (en) | 1972-08-09 | 1973-12-26 | Die-cast light-metal racket and stringing means therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00279166A US3815660A (en) | 1972-08-09 | 1972-08-09 | Improved method for casting metal tennis racquet |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3815660A true US3815660A (en) | 1974-06-11 |
Family
ID=23067917
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00279166A Expired - Lifetime US3815660A (en) | 1972-08-09 | 1972-08-09 | Improved method for casting metal tennis racquet |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3815660A (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3912267A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1975-10-14 | Edwin J Lyon | Game racket |
US3947029A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-03-30 | N L Industries, Inc. | Low density cast racquet |
US3975017A (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1976-08-17 | Professional Amateur Industries, Inc. | Tennis racket |
US4386647A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1983-06-07 | Energy Research Associates | Tool for forming interplate connections |
GB2148133A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-30 | Jonathan Christopher Mott | Racquets |
US4568084A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1986-02-04 | Mott Jonathan Christopher | Racquet with improved string anchorage |
EP0197669A2 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-10-15 | Diversified Products Corporation | Racquets |
US4970125A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1990-11-13 | Chromalloy Castings Miami Corp. | Cantilevered integral airfoil casting and method |
US5310180A (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-05-10 | Jan Sports Products Corp. | Racket frame |
US5516100A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-05-14 | Yamaha Corporation | FRP racket frame and a method for producing the same |
US5981083A (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1999-11-09 | Howmet Corporation | Method of making composite castings using reinforcement insert cladding |
US20050266940A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-01 | Ef Composite Technologies, L.P. | Composite racquet with double tube head frame |
WO2009004514A1 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2009-01-08 | Tec Sportmanagement Ag | Ball-striking implement |
WO2016153370A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Thoni Alutec Sp. Z O.O. | A method of production of light-alloy castings, zone-reinforced with metal components in the form of inserts, especially in sand and permanent moulds |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US678997A (en) * | 1900-10-26 | 1901-07-23 | Corning Brake Shoe Company | Brake-shoe. |
GB414345A (en) * | 1932-10-27 | 1934-08-02 | Henry Dieterlen | Method of securing cooling ribs upon tubular members to the resulting product and its combination units |
FR800262A (en) * | 1935-04-05 | 1936-07-01 | Racket for tennis and other games, of light metal and method of manufacture | |
US2649652A (en) * | 1948-05-24 | 1953-08-25 | Mattel Creations Inc | Method of making melody combs |
CH339330A (en) * | 1956-06-12 | 1959-06-30 | Chester Cheney Wendell | A method of manufacturing a light metal piston comprising a heavy metal reinforcement |
US3664669A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1972-05-23 | Lba Inc | Game racket with string support insert means |
US3731726A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1973-05-08 | O Eberle | Method of casting bimetallic jewellery |
-
1972
- 1972-08-09 US US00279166A patent/US3815660A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US678997A (en) * | 1900-10-26 | 1901-07-23 | Corning Brake Shoe Company | Brake-shoe. |
GB414345A (en) * | 1932-10-27 | 1934-08-02 | Henry Dieterlen | Method of securing cooling ribs upon tubular members to the resulting product and its combination units |
FR800262A (en) * | 1935-04-05 | 1936-07-01 | Racket for tennis and other games, of light metal and method of manufacture | |
US2649652A (en) * | 1948-05-24 | 1953-08-25 | Mattel Creations Inc | Method of making melody combs |
CH339330A (en) * | 1956-06-12 | 1959-06-30 | Chester Cheney Wendell | A method of manufacturing a light metal piston comprising a heavy metal reinforcement |
US3664669A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1972-05-23 | Lba Inc | Game racket with string support insert means |
US3731726A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1973-05-08 | O Eberle | Method of casting bimetallic jewellery |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3912267A (en) * | 1974-02-13 | 1975-10-14 | Edwin J Lyon | Game racket |
US3975017A (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1976-08-17 | Professional Amateur Industries, Inc. | Tennis racket |
US3947029A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-03-30 | N L Industries, Inc. | Low density cast racquet |
US4386647A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1983-06-07 | Energy Research Associates | Tool for forming interplate connections |
US4568084A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1986-02-04 | Mott Jonathan Christopher | Racquet with improved string anchorage |
GB2148133A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-30 | Jonathan Christopher Mott | Racquets |
US4793958A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1988-12-27 | Mott Jonathan Christopher | Method of molding a racquet with string securing loops |
US5143669A (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1992-09-01 | Diversified Products Corporation | Fiber-reinforced molded racquet frame |
EP0197669A2 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-10-15 | Diversified Products Corporation | Racquets |
EP0197669A3 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1987-01-07 | Diversified Products Corporation | Racquets |
US4935185A (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1990-06-19 | Diversified Products Corporation | Method of making a fibre-reinforced molded racquet frame |
US4970125A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1990-11-13 | Chromalloy Castings Miami Corp. | Cantilevered integral airfoil casting and method |
US5981083A (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1999-11-09 | Howmet Corporation | Method of making composite castings using reinforcement insert cladding |
US5310180A (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-05-10 | Jan Sports Products Corp. | Racket frame |
US5516100A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-05-14 | Yamaha Corporation | FRP racket frame and a method for producing the same |
US20050266940A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-01 | Ef Composite Technologies, L.P. | Composite racquet with double tube head frame |
US7077768B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2006-07-18 | Ef Composite Technologies, L.P. | Composite racquet with double tube head frame |
US20060223659A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2006-10-05 | Ef Composite Technologies L.P. | Composite racquet with double tube head frame |
WO2009004514A1 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2009-01-08 | Tec Sportmanagement Ag | Ball-striking implement |
US20100190591A1 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2010-07-29 | Tec Sportmanagement Ag | Ball-striking implement |
US8333672B2 (en) | 2007-07-04 | 2012-12-18 | Tec Sportmanagement Ag | Ball-striking implement |
US8574103B2 (en) | 2007-07-04 | 2013-11-05 | Tec Sportmanagement Ag | Ball-striking implement |
WO2016153370A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Thoni Alutec Sp. Z O.O. | A method of production of light-alloy castings, zone-reinforced with metal components in the form of inserts, especially in sand and permanent moulds |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY METALS, INC., 233 SOUTH WACKER DRIVE, CHICA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NL INDUSTRIES, INC. A NJ CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004217/0800 Effective date: 19831212 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATWEST USA CREDIT CORP. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FARLEY METALS, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004739/0041 Effective date: 19870729 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY, INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:FARLEY METALS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004917/0556 Effective date: 19880809 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BANK OF NEW YORK, THE Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FARLEY INC.;REEL/FRAME:005221/0038 Effective date: 19890404 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY, INC. Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:NATWEST USA CREDIT CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005221/0044 Effective date: 19890331 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CONTINENTAL BANK N.A. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DOEHLER-JARVIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, A DE. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:005388/0825 Effective date: 19900720 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY INC., ILLINOIS Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:FARLEY METALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:005456/0880 Effective date: 19871222 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY INC. Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF NEW YORK, THE;REEL/FRAME:005489/0398 Effective date: 19900717 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARLEY INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:FARLEY METALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005847/0581 Effective date: 19871222 |