US3815253A - Cooling material from a kiln - Google Patents

Cooling material from a kiln Download PDF

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Publication number
US3815253A
US3815253A US00356952A US35695273A US3815253A US 3815253 A US3815253 A US 3815253A US 00356952 A US00356952 A US 00356952A US 35695273 A US35695273 A US 35695273A US 3815253 A US3815253 A US 3815253A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling
air
chamber
discharge
accordance
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00356952A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Deussner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices
    • F27B7/383—Cooling devices for the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0009—Monitoring the pressure in an enclosure or kiln zone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and mechanism for the cooling of granulate material which is heated in a kiln by direct contact with cooling air. More particularly, the material ishcated in a kiln and discharged into a cooling chamber wherein cooling air is circulated in a unique manner for improved cooling and sealing of the cooling chamber.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved cooling chamber with a unique flow of cooling air that achieves advantages over structures heretofore available.
  • the material to be cooled is introduced in the upper end of a vertical cooling chamber and discharged at the lower end with cooling air introduced into the material above the discharge end.
  • a part of the introduced air flows upwardly counter-current t0 the flow of material being cooled.
  • This air flows into the kiln to take advantage of the heat energy contained in the air.
  • Another part of the air introduced into the material is drawn downwardly and recirculated.
  • the air is directed into the material with a power blower, and the intake of the blower draws cool air across the material being discharged from the cooling chamber and draws in a portion of the air being drawn downwardly through the material being cooled.
  • the air entering through the. material discharge mixes with the air being drawn downwardly and provides an effective seal preventing the escape of air into the atmosphere.
  • the sealing air is introduced into the granulate material to be cooled and is sucked out of the cooling chamber directly in the area of the discharge end. This withdrawal of the cooling air prevents the escape of the air into the atmosphere and. functions in a continual operating cycle which is independent upon the changing flow resistance of the material to be cooled.
  • the quantity of the cooling air can be regulated to be maintained uniform in accordance with a predetermined pressure at the entry into the cooling chamber.
  • a predetermined pressure at the entry into the cooling chamber.
  • pressure drop may be maintained into the kiln so that the flow of air into the kiln is assured and no hot dust can escape into the surrounding atmosphere. This also makes it possible to control the entry of external air.
  • a further feature of the invention is to control the level of material in the cooling chamber so that a uniform flow of material through the cooling chamber is insured and so that the supply of heated combustion air which flows from the'cooling chamber into the kiln can be regulated forthe uniform operation of the kiln with respect to temperature and quantity.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved relationship between the mechanism for removal of material from the kiln and the flow of cooling air into the material in the kiln for improved cooling and improved sealing effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic vertical sectional view of a kiln cooling chamber constructed and operating in accordance with the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic. vertical sectional view of a modified form of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary schematic modified form of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a modified form of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure wherein a vertical cooling chamber 1 is provided having an upper inlet or material opening 1a and a lower material discharge outlet lb.
  • the structure is arranged so that the discharge from a rotary kiln 9 passes into the upper end of the cooling chamber 1.
  • the kiln is shown schematically with a combustion heater element 9a for heating the material and for utilizing air which is directed to the kiln from the upper end of the cooling chamber 1.
  • the cooled material discharges from the opening lb at the lower end with the rate of discharge being controlled by a-rotatable horizontal plate 2.
  • the plate is driven in rotation by a motor 20 which is controllable in speed to control the rate at which the particulate or granular material M within the cooling chamber cascades over the edge of the plate.
  • the lower end of the cooling chamber 1 is provided with an annular air suction hood 5.
  • the cooling chamber 1 may be cylindrical in form or of some, other suitable shape, and the hood arranged to have a frusto-conical upper portion and cylindrical lower portion situated so that a discharge gap lb is provided between the edge of the plate 2 and the hood 5.
  • An air intake line 6 is connected to the discharge space provided by the hood 5 so that air flows upwardly into the discharge space as indicated by the arrowed lines 10.
  • This continual inward flow of external air sweeps upwardly and mixes with the air passing downwardly through the material as indicated by the arrowed broken lines 11.
  • the sweep of air into the lower end prevents the escape of the air 11 which has gathered dust and heat in passing downwardly through the material.
  • the cooling air is directed into the cooling chamber through ⁇ a distributor 3 which is substantially centrally located within the chamber emerged in the material M.
  • the distribution device 3 has suitable air outlet openings so that the air can flow into the material and the major portion of the air flows upwardly as indicated by the arrowed lines 7. This air flows upwardly into the space above the material and into the kiln 9.
  • the cooling air is taken into an air intake line 6 and is directed into the material by an air pump means 4 passing through an air discharge line 4b to be discharged by a distributor 3. Because of the drop in pressure between the area of the distributor 3 and the pressure in the suction hood 5, a small part of the cooling air flows downwardly in the direction of material flow, and the combination of this air as indicated by the arrows 11 and the entering air 10 forms an effective gas-dynamic seal.
  • This sealing arrangement provides an additional advantage in that it makes it possible to reduce the structural height of the cooling chamber over devices heretofore available. Both the upward flows of air indicated by the lines 7 and the downward flow. of air 11 perform an effective cooling function on the'granulate material M.
  • a predetermined pressure is maintained in the upper end of the cooling chamber within the kiln hood 8.
  • a pressure gauge 21 is arranged within the hood 8.
  • the pressure gauge is connected to a transducer 22 which connects to a regulator 23 that regulates the speed of a motor 4a driving the blower 4.
  • the regulator 23 regulates the speed of rotation of the blower 4 to maintain a predetermined pressure as indicated by the gauge 21.
  • Other means may be provided to control the pressure such as by providing a bypass at the discharge of the fan
  • Another preferred arrangement is to maintain the height of the material M within the cooling chamber 1 at a constant level. While the density and resistance to air flow may vary, the maintenance of constant level tends to stabilize conditions withinthe cooling chamber.
  • a gauge such as an electric eye 24 may be provided to feed a signal to a transducer 25 which controls a regulator 26 connected to the drive motor 2a for the disk 2.
  • a regulator 26 connected to the drive motor 2a for the disk 2.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment wherein a vertical cooling chamber 1 has granulate material M therein. Cooling air is directed into the body of material by an air pump or a blower 4 through an air discharge line 4b leading to a distributor 3 within the ma-. terial.
  • the intake for the pump is provided through an intake line 4a connected to a shielded intake 13 near the bottom of the cooling chamber.
  • the granulate material flows downwardly at a controlled rate through a screen 12.
  • This screen may be controlled in size or may be controlled in movement so as to be able to regulate the flow of material to maintain a constant height within the cooling chamber 1.
  • the screen also may consist of spaced parallel rollers which rotate at controlled speeds.
  • the cold air 10 which is drawn upwardly from the lower end has a longer flow path through the bulk material, and the cooling is more intensified at the lower end than with the structure of FIG. I.
  • the distance to'the inlet 13 and the crosssectional area of the lower end of the chamber must be so dimensioned that the resistance to air flow to the intake 13 is less than the resistance to air flow downwardly through the bed of granulate material from the distributor 3 to the air intake 13.
  • a greater quantity of air will flow downwardly along the lines 11 than along the lines 11 in FIG. 1 resulting in a greater proportion of the air being recirculated through the blower 4.
  • the position of the intake 13 may be adjustable to move downwardly more close to the intake and increase the amount of outside air being drawn in or to move it upwardly to decrease the amount of outside air and increase the amount recirculated downwardly from the distributor 3.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment wherein a primary blower 4 directs air into the interior of granulate material M within a cooling chamber 1.
  • the blower has a direct intake of outside air shown by the arrowed line 4a.
  • a secondary blower 15 directs air into the interior of the cooling chamber through a distributor 14.
  • the secondary blower has an intake 13 at the lower discharge end of the cooling chamber 1.
  • the intake leads to an intake pipe 17 connected to the intake of the blower.
  • the blower discharges through a line 15a with a portion of the discharge passing to a distributor 14 within the material.
  • the principal portion of the air directed to the distributor 14 will flow downwardly as indicated by the arrowed broken lines l4a'to be sucked into the intake 13 along with outside cooling air flowing in as indicated by the arrowed lines 10.
  • the flow of material out of the cooling chamber is controlled by suitable means such as a traveling belt 16 which is driven at a controlled speed.
  • the discharge from the blower 15 is bypassed in part to be directed up through a line 18 leading to a kiln.
  • the amount, to be bypassed is controlled by a variable valve 19 in the line 18.
  • the discharge from the line 18 may be also directed to a filter to be discharged into the air.
  • the primary cooling air from the primary blower 4 flows upwardly as indicated by the arrowed lines 3a to preferably pass into the kiln.
  • FIG. 4 a modification of the structure of FIG. 3 is shown.
  • the. control of the flow ofmaterial from the cooling chamber 1 is regulated by a vibratory vehicle or gate 20 which is driven in back and forth vibration as indicated bythe arrowed line 200 by an oscillator 20b.
  • a primary blower 4 directs cooling air through a distributor 3 within the mass of particulate material M.
  • a secondary blower withdraws air from the material in part flowing downwardly from the secondary distributor l4 and in part entering through the base of the cooling chamber as indicated by the arrowed line 10.
  • the pressure of the sealing airin the zone of the intake 13 is so regulated that it corresponds somewhat to the pressure of the cooling area in the zone of the distributor 3. In this manner, the dynamic gas seal at the base of the cooling chamber is achieved.
  • the pressure control may be obtained by a pressure gauge positioned adjacent the distributor, not shown, and controlling the blower 4 with another. pressure gauge positioned in the area of the distribution device 14 and controlling the blower 15. Control of the pressure of the air being delivered to the distributor 14 may also in part be controlled by variation of the control bypass valve 19.
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material comprising in combination:
  • a vertical cooling chamber having an upper material inlet opening and a lower material discharge opening open to atmosphere through which material from the chamber discharges;
  • an air pump means for supplying cooling air to the material in the chamber
  • an air discharge conduit for the air pump having an opening positioned in the interior of the chamber
  • a mechanism'for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 1:
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 1:
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 3:
  • said means for regulating the flow of material includes apower driven rotary disk with the material flowing over the edges of the disk. 5.
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 1:
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 6:
  • said means for controlling the height includes a height sensing means connected to means for regulating the rate of flow through said material discharge opening.
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 1:
  • a screen is positioned at the material discharge opening for controlling the flow of material from the cooling chamber.
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material comprising in combination:
  • a vertical cooling chamber having an upper material inlet opening and a lower material discharge openan air pump means for supplying cooling air to the material in the chamber;
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim 1:
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim ⁇ :
  • traveling belt is positioned at the mate rial discharge for carrying cooled material from the cooling chamber discharge.
  • a mechanism for cooling granulate material constructed in accordance with claim I:
  • a method for cooling granulate material comprising the steps:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US00356952A 1972-05-04 1973-05-03 Cooling material from a kiln Expired - Lifetime US3815253A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722221739 DE2221739A1 (de) 1972-05-04 1972-05-04 Verfahren zum kuehlen von stueckigem ofengut mittels luft

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3815253A true US3815253A (en) 1974-06-11

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US00356952A Expired - Lifetime US3815253A (en) 1972-05-04 1973-05-03 Cooling material from a kiln

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3815253A (de)
JP (1) JPS4954270A (de)
BE (1) BE799140A (de)
DE (1) DE2221739A1 (de)
ES (1) ES414202A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2183514A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1411694A (de)
IT (1) IT985018B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014642A (en) * 1975-02-05 1977-03-29 Polysius Ag Shaft cooler
US4076493A (en) * 1976-09-09 1978-02-28 Kennedy Van Saun Corporation Apparatus for cooling particulate material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT366817B (de) * 1980-03-12 1982-05-10 Waagner Biro Ag Verfahren zur kuehlung von heissen schuettguetern

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE378364C (de) * 1920-01-15 1923-07-13 Harry Stehmann Vorrichtung zum Brennen von Zement, Magnesit, Kalk u. dgl.
US1942418A (en) * 1932-05-03 1934-01-09 Lever Brothers Ltd Method of drying soap flakes
US2861353A (en) * 1956-06-14 1958-11-25 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Apparatus for cooling granular materials
US3427367A (en) * 1965-10-05 1969-02-11 Gen Produits Refractaires Soc Prefiring of refractory materials
US3578297A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-05-11 Lee H Niems Apparatus for cooling particles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE378364C (de) * 1920-01-15 1923-07-13 Harry Stehmann Vorrichtung zum Brennen von Zement, Magnesit, Kalk u. dgl.
US1942418A (en) * 1932-05-03 1934-01-09 Lever Brothers Ltd Method of drying soap flakes
US2861353A (en) * 1956-06-14 1958-11-25 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Apparatus for cooling granular materials
US3427367A (en) * 1965-10-05 1969-02-11 Gen Produits Refractaires Soc Prefiring of refractory materials
US3578297A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-05-11 Lee H Niems Apparatus for cooling particles

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4014642A (en) * 1975-02-05 1977-03-29 Polysius Ag Shaft cooler
US4076493A (en) * 1976-09-09 1978-02-28 Kennedy Van Saun Corporation Apparatus for cooling particulate material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1411694A (en) 1975-10-29
FR2183514A5 (de) 1973-12-14
JPS4954270A (de) 1974-05-27
BE799140A (fr) 1973-08-31
IT985018B (it) 1974-11-30
DE2221739A1 (de) 1973-11-15
ES414202A1 (es) 1976-01-16

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