US3812000A - Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry - Google Patents

Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3812000A
US3812000A US00156282A US15628271A US3812000A US 3812000 A US3812000 A US 3812000A US 00156282 A US00156282 A US 00156282A US 15628271 A US15628271 A US 15628271A US 3812000 A US3812000 A US 3812000A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
creping
bonding material
sheet
dry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00156282A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J Salvucci
P Yiannos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Tissue Co
Original Assignee
Scott Paper Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scott Paper Co filed Critical Scott Paper Co
Priority to US00156282A priority Critical patent/US3812000A/en
Priority to GB2634772A priority patent/GB1365230A/en
Priority to AU43345/72A priority patent/AU472562B2/en
Priority to CA145,329A priority patent/CA972599A/en
Priority to IT51078/72A priority patent/IT965845B/it
Priority to BE785231A priority patent/BE785231A/xx
Priority to FR727222881A priority patent/FR2143424B1/fr
Priority to BR4098/72A priority patent/BR7204098D0/pt
Priority to DE2231645A priority patent/DE2231645C2/de
Priority to JP6312872A priority patent/JPS5517839B1/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3812000A publication Critical patent/US3812000A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/12—Crêping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped

Definitions

  • a fibrous web or sheet material formed by deposition from an aqueous slurry and characterized by unusually high bulk and softness, achieved at least in part by the addition of an elastomeric bonding material to the aqueous slurry and by the avoidance of mechanical compression of the web until it is at least 80% dry, so that the elastomeric bonding material creates many of the interfiber bonds within the sheet material.
  • the web is subjected to differential creping techniques by adhering it in a printed pattern to the creping surface.
  • additional elastomeric bonding material is added in the printed pattern.
  • the unusually high bulk of the web is demonstrated by very low average calculated density through its thickness under no load of less than 0.300 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • Another significant feature indicative of the bulk and softness of the web is demonstrated by its relatively high TEA-to-stiffness ratio of greater than 1.50
  • a method for forming such webs or sheet material is also disclosed, in which lignocellulosic fibers are mixed with water and with an elastomeric bonding material into a fiber furnish, which furnish is formed into a Web. Water is removed from the web without mechanical compression of the web and, when the web is at least 80% dry, it is adhered to a creping surface and creped therefrom.
  • This invention relates to soft, fibrous sheet materials and to a method for forming them. Such sheet materials are useful for sanitary paper products such as tissues, towels and the like. More particularly, the present invention relates to a soft, absorbent, fibrous sheet material, characterized by unusually high bulk, that is, low density, as measured by a calculated average density through its thickness under no load, and by a high TEA-to-stiffness ratio, stemming at least in part from the use of an elastomeric bonding material to supply much of the interfiber bonding strength of the sheet material, and from a unique method for making such sheet material. The present invention also relates to the method of making a web which has the above-mentioned characteristics.
  • breakinginterfiber bonds in a previously formed web imparts substantial softness primarily upon the surface of such webs due to loose fiber ends extending therefrom, it does nothing to increase the bulk, compressibility, and flexibility of the product or to lower the density of the product, all of which are characteristics which also subjectively indicate softness to a person, without substantially decreasing the strength of the material. This undesired result becomes more pronounced as efforts to soften the web increase.
  • paper webs When paper webs are formed by conventional papermaking techniques, they are generally pressed between two opposed surfaces, at least one of which is porous, so that water is removed from the web. It is common to press such Webs on the Fourdrinier wire or other forming surface, as by a pickup roll, or in a press section on a felt between two press rolls, or onto the hard surface of a cast iron Yankee drying drum, which is steam heated to remove moisture from the web and which provides a surface from which the web may be creped. To insure rapid drying of the web, it has been shown to be important for uniform contact to be provided between the Yankee dryer surface and the web.
  • the web lacks the desired amount of strength, due to the reduced amount of interfiber bonding resulting from the lack of compression during formation.
  • the interfiber bonds which are present are of a hard brittle nature, i.e. hydrogen or hydrate bonds, and deleteriously effect the softness of the web.
  • the pressures generated by the knuckle pattern of the woven wire are so high as to create hard portions of the web which give a feeling of harshness to the resulting product.
  • even this form of pressing of the web prior to its being at least dry results in a loss of bulk in the web, and an increase in density of the web, all of which is undesirable in a sanitary paper product requiring softness and absorbency.
  • the toughness of the sheet is the toughness of the sheet. In essence, this is representative of a combination of the tensile strength of the sheet and the ability of the sheet to stretch. Obviously, if the sheet can absorb some work imposed upon it by stretching so as to avoid firmly resisting thefull force applied, the resulting web' is tougher. It has long been known to crepe webs in various ways to create stretch and, accordingly, to impart toughness. However, even webs which have been creped in one direction, or in several different directions so as to impart universal or isotropic stretch, are weakened by the creping, and accordingly, do not have as much strength as desirable, especiallyif they have relatively low basis weight such as sanitary papers do.
  • the field ofnonwoven webs which generally include substantial amounts of fibers having a length greater than /,4 inch
  • bonding material vto spaced portions of the web so that fibers in at least portions, and perhaps in a network across the web, become bonded together to impart strength to the web.
  • the fibers in such nonwoven webs are sufiiciently longto enable small amounts of adhesive to impart substantial strength to the web since any two adjacent areas of adhesive application can be quite far apart and yet be, able to bond one fiber into a network.
  • fibrous webs can be formed which have unusually high softness and bulk and yet which have an elastomeric adhesive uniformly distributed at interfiber contact points throughout the web. This is accomplished by. adding the elastomeric patern of bonding material by means of which the web is initially formed, and by substantially drying the web before subjecting it to any mechanical compression so as to create and preserve bulk.
  • Such a Web is even further improved by successive imprinting of such a web with a pattern of bonding material by means of which the web is adhered to a creping surface so that it can be differentially creped to provide even further bulk and softness.
  • a principal object and advantage of the present invention is to provide uniquely soft, absorbent, creped fibrous webs.
  • a further object and advantages of the presentinvention is to enable such webs to be made on a modified papermaking machine which can operate at high speed.
  • the present invention is a soft, absorbent, creped, fibrous web formed by deposition from an aqueous slurry.
  • the web comprises randomly arranged, contacting lignocellulosic fibers, and an elastomeric bonding material at substantially uniformly distributed contact points between the fibers generally throughout the web so as to impart structural integrity to the web.
  • the web is characterized by having a basis weight of from about 10 to about 30 pounds per 2880 ft a TEA-to-stitfness ratio greater than 1.S0 10-*, and an average calculated density throughout its thickness of no load of less than 0.300 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • the web is formed from fibers which have been treated with a debonding agent in order to reduce their natural interfiber bonding capacity.
  • Some embodiments of the web contain additional amounts of an elastomeric bonding material in a predetermined pattern so as to create higher strength web segments spaced apart by lower strength web segments.
  • More preferred embodiments of the fibrous web of the invention has a TEA-to-stiifness ratio greater than 2.0 10
  • the present invention also is a method for forming the above-described soft, absorbent, creped, fibrous webs or sheet material.
  • a fiber furnish is mixed from lignocellulosic fibers, an elastomeric bonding material and water.
  • a web is formed from the fiber furnish by introductoin of the fiber funrish into a drainage zone in which it contacts at least one foraminous support surface which permits the removal of water thereform. Additional water is removed from the web without employing mechanical compression until the web is at least 80% dry.
  • the web is then adhered to a creping surface and removed therefrom by a creping blade.
  • the web is adhered with an adhesive to the creping surface.
  • the method also includes in some instances the steps of applying an adhesive to selected areas of the web such as by printing, and pressing the web into engagement with the creping surface so that only selected areas of the web are adhered to the creping surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of one form of apparatus for forming the fibrous web of the present invention in accordance with the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of a portion of one'form of apparatus for carrying out one form of the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a portion ofan alternative form of apparatus for carrying out one 'form'of the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the manner in which the dryness of a web when pressed effects the caliper of the web after pressing
  • FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph, having a linear magnification of 75, of a cross-section of one type of prior art web, formed as described in Example I, and having an outline drawn thereover according to the procedure described for determining its calculated density;
  • FIG. 6 is a photomicrograph, having a linear magnification of 75, of a cross-section of another type of prior art web, formed as described in Example I, and having an outline drawn thereover according to the procedure described for determining its calculated density;
  • FIG. 7 is a photomicrograph, having a linear magnification of 75, of a cross-section of a web of the present invention, formed as described in Example I, and having an outline drawn thereover according to the procedure described for determining its calculated density;
  • FIG. 8 is a photomicrograph, having a linear magnification of 75, of a cross-section of a web of the present invention, formed as described in Example II, and having an outline drawn thereover according to the procedure described for determining its calculated density.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one type of papermaking machine which is capable of forming the soft, absorbent, fibrous sheet materials of the present invention and in accordance with the method of the present invention.
  • the papermaking machine has a stock distribution means associated therewith, and indicated generally by reference numeral 10, for delivering an aqueous papermaking slurry or fiber furnish to a Fourdrinier wire 16.
  • the stock distribution means includes a tapered manifold or header 11 which is connected to a source (not shown) of an aqueous papermaking slurry or fiber furnish.
  • a number of branch tubes or laterals 12 connect the tapered manifold 11 to a blending chamber 13 defined by generally parallel upper and lower walls, 14 and 15, respectively.
  • the stock distribution system may be similar to that disclosed in U.S. Pat. 3,298,905, issued on Jan. 17, 1967, to A. C. Spengos et al.
  • the Fourdrinier wire 16 is carried over a suction breast roll 17 and over a plurality of table rolls 18 after which it passes around a wire turning roll 20 and is threaded past three guide rolls 21, 22, and 23, respectively, back to the suction breast roll 17.
  • the assembly of wire 16 and its supporting rolls is driven by drive means (not shown) connected to the wire turning roll 20.
  • One or more vacuum boxes, hydrofoils or other dewatering or formation assisting devices may be employed in conjunction with the Fourdrinier wire 16.
  • the configuration of the papermaking machine may vary widely from that described above without having any effect upon the present invention. It is important, however, that the web thus formed on the Fourdrinier wire 16 be maintained free from any mechanical compression or compaction until it is at least 80% dry for reasons set forth subsequently.
  • the web formed is transferred substantially free from any compaction or mechanical compression from the upper surface of the Fourdrinier wire 16 to the suface of a foraminous drying fabric 24, which may comprise a woven sheet material, such as made of wire or other filamentary materials, or perforated or foraminous base.
  • the drying fabric 24 is advanced past a position closely adjacent the portion of the Fourdrinier wire 16 running between the wire turning roll 20 and the first guide roll 22. In doing so, it passes over a rotating suction pickup roll 25 or stationary suction pickup shoe and transfer thereto may be assisted if desired by a steam or air jet such as might issue from a header 26, as shown in phantom line in FIG. 1, disposed opposite the Fourdrinier wire 16 and the suction pickup roll 25.
  • the drying fabric 24 carrying the web moves from the suction pickup roll into a drying means, indicated generally by reference numeral 27, and then is carried about guide rolls 28 and 30, and about a pressure roll 31 which presses the Web into engagement with the surface of a creping drum 32.
  • One or more vacuum boxes may be disposed behind drying fabric 24 following the pickup roll 25 to 6 remove additional entrained water from the web without compression.
  • the drying fabric 24 continues on about a further guide roll 33 and then returns to the transfer point adjacent pickup roll 25.
  • the drying means 27 may comprise any means for drying the Web to a point where it has a moisture content of less than 20% by weight, that is, so that it is more than dry. It is important that no mechanical compression or compaction of the web occur prior to its obtaining this dryness level and, therefore, the traditional Yankee drying techniques, wherein the paper web is firmly pressed against the surface of a steam-heated Yankee drying drum, must be avoided when it has a moisture content above 20%.
  • various other techniques for drying the web may be employed such as radiant heat lamps, tunnel dryers, or transpiration dryers wherein an preferably heated, is passed through the web. FIG.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate alternative methods for applying adhesive to the web in order to adhere it to the creping drum 32.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a glue application roll 40 which picks up adhesive from a reservoir 41 and transmits it to the surface of the web immediately prior to the web contacting the creping drum 32.
  • FIG. 3 shows and application roll 42 which picks up adhesive from a reservoir 43 and applies it directly to the creping drum 32 after which the web is pressed into contact therewith and adhered.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are particularly useful in the practice of the method of the invention where only predetermined portions of the web are adhered to the creping surface in order to obtain differential or patterned creping of the web in order to further increase bulk, softness and strength.
  • the adhesive which is printed onto the web as shown in FIG. 2 or onto the creping drum as shown in FIG. 3 contains an elastomeric bonding material which accomplishes further interfiber bonding in the portions of the web to which it is applied. The benefits of this will become apparent subsequently.
  • the method of the present invention comprises a series of steps which result in the formation of the new sheet materials of the present invention.
  • the method includes mixing a fiber furnish from lignocellulosic fibers, an elastomeric bonding material, and water.
  • a web is then formed from the fiber furnish in accordance with any one of a number of different techniques, most of which are standard techniques employed in papermaking.
  • the web is then subjected to treatment to remove water therefrom without mechanically compressing the web. It is important that enough water be removed from the Web in this manner so that it is at least 80% dry before being mechanically compressed.
  • the web is then adhered to the creping surface and creped from the surface with a creping blade.
  • the mixing step is normally performed in a headbox preceding the flow distribution equipment employed with the papermaking machine.
  • the fibers in the furnish preferably comprise largely relatively short fibers, i.e. those having a length of less than A" and predominately shorter, and substantially all of the fibers are lignocellulosic fibers; that is, those coming from some natural wood fiber source such as wood pulp, so that they form hydrogen bonds of the type associated with papermaking.
  • the elastomeric bonding materials which may be employed in the present invention are basically any materials which are capable of at least 75% elongation at rupture. Such materials generally should have an initial Youngs modulus by stretching which is less than 25,000 p.s.i.
  • Typical materials may be of the butadiene acrylonitrile type, or other natural or synthetic rubber latices or dispersions thereof with elastomeric properties, such as butadiene-styrene, neoprene, acrylic copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl copolymers, or nylon.
  • Elastomeric properties may be obtained by the addition of suitable plasticizers to polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol or carboxy-methyl-cellulose.
  • webs of the present invention may be formed with advantages in a wide range of basis weight, for purposes of forming sanitary paper products, it is preferred that the basis weight be from about to about 30 pounds per ream of 2880 ft. Sheet. products in this particular range of basis weight benefit most from the the method of the present invention since they largely find use in areas where softness and bulk are important. For example, where the product is a wiper, both softness and bulk are important as well as fiuid absorbency and strength. This range of basis weight is one where it is very diflicult to impart to a product the combination of properties achieved by the present invention.
  • the web may be formed by any technique which accomplishes deposition and drainage of the fibrous slurry on a foraminous condenser such as a Fourdrinier wire and, of course, the speed of formation of such webs may vary from several hundred feet per minute to over 5,000 feet per minute.
  • the steps of the method, in which the web is formed and partially dried without being compressed in any way, are extremely important to the present invention in achieving the formation of a web which has the desired characteristics of high bulk and softness and unusually low density. It has been found from extensive experimentation that when a web is formed by deposition of a fibrous slurry onto a Fourdrinier wire and is dried to at least '80% dry before it is subjected to any mechanical compression such as between two surfaces in a felt or roll nip, that subsequent compression has only a minimal effect upon the subsequent properties such as bulk or caliper unless such compression is sutficiently harsh to cause the breakage of bonds or the chemical transformation of the lignocellulosic material, such as often occurs in an embossing or calendering nip.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings graphically illustrates the results of experimentation in this area.
  • a fiber furnish consisting of 50% Western softwood sulfite pulp and 50% Southern gum craft pulp was formed into hand sheets having a basis weight of 10 pounds per ream of 2880 ft.
  • One of the hand sheets was not subjected to any pressure and was dried. Its caliper was measured and found to be of a level shown in broken line on the graph. Additional hand sheets were dried to give levels of web dryness as indicated by the reference points on the graph. They were then subjected to pressure between surfaces at a level of 40 p.s.i.g. The samples were then dried until they were 95% dry and their caliper was measured.
  • caliper and basis weight reported herein were determined by the following procedures. Basis weight was measured in accordance with TAPPI Standard T410- 05-61. Caliper, or the thickness of one sheet, was measured with a Federal Micrometer Gauge, Model No. D815, in accordance with TAPPI Standard T-411 M-44. A face area of 1 square inch (pressure of 0.5 p.s.i.) was employed when testing 28 pound per ream sheets instead of the standard 0.25 square inch face area (pressure of 7 to 9 p.s.i.). Caliper is indicated in mils.
  • the web at this point has fewer hydrogen bonds than would normally be present in a web which is of the same basis weight but which had been subjected to compression prior to being rendered at least 80% dry. This paucity of hydrogen bonds results in unusual softness and compressibility to the web and, of course, the web has greater bulk (lower density) due to the fact that it was not pressed when wet or bonded in the compressed condition.
  • a more preferred embodiment of the present invention results from an even further reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds of the type used between fibers in papermaking. It is well-known that such bonds are typically quite hard and inelastic and unfortunately impart these same general properties to the resulting web.
  • a chemical debonding agent as by adding such a debonder to the fibrous slurry in the headbox, the number of bonding sites along the individual fibers is reduced so that the fibers are less susceptible to interfiber bonding by hydrogen bonding.
  • Debonding agents which may be used for this purpose include, for example, the cationic debonding agents disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,395,708, issued Aug.
  • Hervey et al. that is, substances within the class of long chain cationic surfactants, preferably with at least twelve carbon atoms in at least one alkyl chain, such as fatty dialkyl quaternary amine salts, mono fatty alkyl tertiary amine salts, primary amine salts, and unsaturated fatty alkyl amine salts; the cation-active tertiary amine oxides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,432,- 126, issued Dec. 9, 1947, to Schlosser et al.; and the cation-active amino compounds disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,432,127, issued Dec. 9, 1947, to Schlosser et al.
  • the elastomeric bonding material which is also added to the fibrous slurry at the headbox substitutes its bonding ability for that of the hydrogen bonding which is prevented by the debonder, and provides sufficient interfiber bonding to give the web structural integrity.
  • the bonds formed by such elastomeric bonding materials are quite soft and resilient and impart further softness to the web without lessening its absorptivity or its bulk, that is, without increasing its density.
  • the apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be utilized to apply adhesive to the web or to the creping surface in order to enhance the bonding of the web to the creping surface so as to promote better dry creping and a softer product.
  • This is particularly important where the moisture content of the web being applied to the creping surface is less than 10%, for example, when the web is dry.
  • the creping adhesive makes up for the lack of moisture which ordinarily is used to attach the web to the dryer surface.
  • the mechanism shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are utilized to print bonding material in predetermined patterns on the web or alternatively on the creping surface in order to selectively adhere the web to the creping surface.
  • the pattern of bonding material applied to the web can be in any form which leaves a substantial portion of the surface of the web free from extra amounts of bonding material other than that applied during web formation. Most preferably the pattern comprises less than about 35% of the total surface area of the web so as to leave about 65% or more of the surface of the web free from additional bonding material, at least when printed.
  • any of the patterns taught by US. Pats. 3,047,444; 3,009,- 822; 3,059,313; and 3,009,823 may be advantageously employed for the rolls 40 or 42 which comprise, in this instance, gravure rolls.
  • Some migration of bonding material occurs after printing. Thus, the bonding material penetrates at least partially through the web and in all directions in the plane of the web. However, preferably migration in all directions in the plane of the web is minimized so as to leave areas comprising a substantial portion of the web free from any additional bonding material, other than that applied by the headbox, for purposes which will become apparent subsequently.
  • papermaking fibers generally have a length less than about 4 inch and normally have a predominant fiber length less than about inch in length. Therefore, when additional strength is to be imparted to the sheet by a bonding material, in addition to that added at the headbox, as in this embodiment of the present invention, it is important that there be a continuous interconnection of at least some of the fibers by the additional bonding material throughout the entire web.
  • the web will lack the additional strength desired beyond that provided by the bonding material added in the headbox, unless such discrete areas are spaced apart by distances less than average fiber lengths or, typically, less than about ,4 inch.
  • the pattern of adhesive is reticular or net-like in configuration
  • the interconnected lines of bonding material application provide a network of strength even where substantial areas, in many cases much larger than inch in every direction, are defined between the lines of bonding material application as web portions have a lower amount of interfiber bonding.
  • the creping drum 32 may in some instances comprise a heated pressure vessel such as a Yankee dryer, or in other instances may be a smaller roll and may be unheated. It is characterized by an extremely smooth, polished surface to which the bonding material, applied to the web, adheres. The significance of heating depends upon both the characteristics of the particular bonding material employed and the moisture level in the web. Thus, the bonding material may require drying or curing by heating in which case the creping drum 32 may provide a convenient means to accomplish this. Or, the moisture level of the web being fed to the creping drum 32 may be higher than ultimately desired, and the creping drum 32 may be heated to evaporate some of this moisture.
  • the web is carried on the surface of the creping drum 32 for a distance and then removed therefrom by the action of a creping doctor blade 38.
  • the doctor blade 38 performs a conventional creping operation on the additionally bonded portions of the web, that is, it imparts a series of fine fold lines to portions of the web which are adhered to the creping surface 32.
  • the creping blade 38 causes the lesser bonded web portions, which are not attached to the creping drum 32, to puff and arch up to form shaped web portions having excellent softness characteristics.
  • the bonding material utilized in the above-described embodiment of the present invention must be capable of several functions, one being the ability to bond fibers in the web to one another and the other being the ability to adhere the additionally bonded portions of the web to the surface of the creping drum 32. In general, any material having these two capabilities may be utilized as the bonding material, if the material can be dried or cured to set it.
  • the bonding materials which are capable of accomplishing both of these functions and which can be successfully used are acrylate latex rubber emulsion, useful on an unheated creping surface; emulsions of resins such as acrylates, vinyl acetates, vinyl chlorides, and methacrylates, all of which are useful on a heated creping surface; and water soluble resins such as carboxy methyl cellulose, polyvinylalcohol, and polyacrylamide.
  • the bonding material may comprise a mixture of several materials, one having the ability to accomplish interfiber bonding and the other being utilized to create adherence of the web to the creping surface.
  • the materials are preferably applied as an integral mixture to the same areas of the web.
  • Such materials may comprise any of the materials listed above mixed with a low molecular weight starch, such as dextrin, or a low molecular weight polymer such as carboxymethyl-cellulose or polyvinylalcohol.
  • a low molecular weight starch such as dextrin
  • a low molecular weight polymer such as carboxymethyl-cellulose or polyvinylalcohol.
  • compatible wet strength additives may be used with any of the above materials in order to impart additional wet tensile strength to the resulting sheet material.
  • the sheet materials of the present invention resulting from treatment with an elastomeric bonding material of webs which are formed by deposition from an aqueous slurry of fibers, water, and preferably, a debonding agent, having been found to be superior, in terms of such properties as softness and wiping ability, to any other prior art sheet material so formed but not subjected to such treatment.
  • These properties may be characterized in many different ways when applied to sheet material used in sanitary paper products such as tissues, towels and the like. This is due to the fact that softness and wiping ability in large measure are subjective impressions one gets from handling the sheet material, and involve an assessment of the combination of thickness or bulk, density, resistance to bending and compression, and other physical properties susceptible to tactile observation.
  • the TEA-to-stiffness ratio is obtained by first measuring the TEA (tensile energy absorption) of a given specimen of sheet material in accordance with TAPPI Test, T494 su-64, in both the machine direction (M.D.) and the cross-machine direction (C.D.) in kilogram meters per square meter, with the exception that a jaw sparing of 2 inches rather than the 8 inches recommended by TAPPI is used because of the particular nature of the products, some of which have lines of perforations which must be avoided.
  • This test method is not a TAPPI standard but is suggested by TAPPI as the most suitable method to date.
  • the stiffness of the product is then measured by subjecting the specimen to the test set forth in TAPPI Standard Test, T451 m-60, in both the machine direction and the cross-machine direction, to determine its effective overhanging length (critical length) denoted as L in centimeters.
  • the stiffness of the product is proportional to the cube of the effective overhanging length and is therefore expressed herein as L
  • the TEA of a product is obtained by clamping a 100010.005 in. (25410.01 cm.) wide specimen in two spaced sets of jaws when they are 2 in. (5.08 cm.) apart, with any noticeable slack being pulled out of the strip before clamping.
  • Strain is applied to the specimen by moving the jaws further apart at a constant rate of 1.001001 in./min. (2.541002 cm./min.) while recording the elongation with an accuracy of 12% of the actual value and the load in either pounds or kilograms with an accuracy of 10.5% until breakage of the specimen.
  • the area under the load-elongation curve is then measured by a planimeter or integrator with an accuracy of 12%
  • the TEA is then calculated using the equation:
  • TEA 100A /LW with units of kilogram-meters per square meter
  • A area under load-elongation curve in kilogram-centimeters
  • L initial span between clamp lines in centimeters
  • W initial width of specimen in centimeters.
  • the stiffness of a product is obtained with a Clark softness Tester by placing the end of a 15 to 50 mm. /3 to 2 inches) wide specimen with parallel edges and of convenient length between the jaws or rollers comprising a clamp mounted on a rotatable spindle.
  • the spindle can be rotated about a horizontal axis parallel to the long axis of the jaws or rollers and perpendicular to the long axis of the paper strip.
  • the overhanging length of the specimen is adjusted by resetting the jaws or turning the rollers until, when the spindle is slowly rotated back and forth through 90", the specimen just falls over at each of the end points of rotation.
  • the overhanging or critical length L is then measured from the line where the edges of the jaws or the rollers grip the specimen to the end of the strip.
  • the stiffness is indicated by the cube of L.
  • specimens for each test are taken in both the machine direction (M.D.) and the cross-machine direction (C.D.).
  • M.D. machine direction
  • C.D. cross-machine direction
  • several tests are made with each and the results averaged in order to eliminate errors due to measurement or to formation.
  • the resulting values are then combined in ratio form as follows:
  • the average calculated density throughout the thickness of the sheet material under no load is determined by the following procedure.
  • An approximately one inch long specimen of the product is oven dried to eliminate moisture therein.
  • the dried specimen is inserted in a small container and is slowly immersed at atmospheric pressure in a solution of butyl methacrylate monomer therein containing a small amount of benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst.
  • the container and the immersed specimen are placed in an oven having an interior temperature of 55 C. for a period of about 16 hours to cause polymerization of the monomer.
  • a small amount of volumetric shrinkage occurs which is insignificant because it is constant for each sample.
  • Cross-sections are cut from the resulting embedded sample using a microtome, the sections having a thickness of 10-l2 microns.
  • Each section is placed on a glass slide, and covered with mineral oil and a glass cover slip.
  • the section of the specimen is now photographed by transmitted light through a microscope having a 24 mm. objective lens and an eye piece of 125x.
  • the bellows extension is 50 cm.
  • the resulting linear magnification is and the magnified picture is printed in a 5" x 7" format.
  • the resulting photomicrograph is mounted on a board, and a transparent paper is placed over the photomicrograph.
  • the outline of the resulting cross-section shown in the photomicrograph is now traced onto the transparent paper, care being taken to follow the basic curves and undulations of the cross-sectional outline to an extent sufficient to get inside the outline at least or more of the cross-sectional area including any stray fibers. Certain stray fibers deviating from the outline of the cross-section should be left outside the area in order to obtain truer density values.
  • a planimeter is then used to measure the area within the inside edge of the line defining the crosssectional outline in square inches.
  • the actual thickness of the sample was obtained by dividing the area by the length of the cross-section outlined and by the linear magnification of 75.
  • the calcula ed density under no load in grams per cubic centimeter was obtained by the equation:
  • TEA-to-stiffness ratio Basis weight g./m. Actual tm (in.) 2.54 om. 10,000 cm.
  • All of the sheet materials of this improved form of the invention comprises a web of randomly arranged lignocellulosic fibers, and an elastomeric bonding material, such as that mentioned previously, at some of the contact points between said fibers to impart structural integrity to the sheet material or web.
  • the lignocellulosic fibers may be any of the wood pulp fibers normally used in papermaking.
  • the elastomeric bonding material may form bonded web segments spaced apart by unbonded web segments.
  • the bonding material is present in the web in a continuous, predetermined reticular pattern which defines a discontinuous predetermined intermittent pattern of discrete unbonded web segments.
  • Breaking length 200,000p/3r and is equivalent to the length in meters of a uniformly wide strip of paper which, if held at one end (e.g., freely suspending a coil of that paper by its tab end), would just cause the strip to break under its own weight.
  • the web was formed on a conventional Fourdrinier-type papermaking machine and was transferred by a felt run to the surface of a Yankee Dryer. The web was creped from the Yankee Dryer when it was about 65% dry, that is, when it contained only about 35% moisture by weight. The web was further dried in an after-dryer section in the form of heated drums until it was more than about 92% dry.
  • the resultant sheet material was one which is typically used in sanitary paper products, such as wet creped bathroom tissue, and possessed the following general properties:
  • This first web was subjected to the tests described above and was found to have a TEA-to-stiffness ratio of 0.12 l0 and an average calculated density throughout the thickness of the web under no load of 0.441 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • a typical cross-section of this first web photographed with a linear magnification of 75 as described above for determining the average calculated density is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the very appearance of the sheet indicates the closely-packed disposition of the fibers and the relative harshness of the sheet even after creping has occurred.
  • An outline of the crosssection has also been drawn on the photograph to illustrate the manner in which this is done for purposes of determining the area and the average thickness of the cross-section.
  • EXAMPLE II As another illustration of the prior art, a second web was formed from a fiber furnish consisting of water and the following papermaking pulps:
  • the web was formed on a conventional Fourdriniertype papermaking machine and was transferred by a felt run to the surface of a Yankee Dryer. The web was creped from the Yankee Dryer when it was about 94% dry, that is, when it contained only about 6% moisture by weight.
  • the resultant sheet material was one which is typically used in sanitary paper products, such as dry creped bathroom tissue, and possessed the following general properties:
  • This second web was subjected to the tests described above and was found to have a TEA-to-stiffness ratio of 0.527 10- and an average calculated density throughout the thickness of the web under no load of 0.466 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • a typical cross-section of this second web photographed with a linear magnification of as described above for determining the average calculated density is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the very appearance of the sheet indicates the closely-packed disposition of the fibers and the relative harshness of the sheet even after creping has occurred.
  • An outline of the cross-section has also been drawn on the photograph to illustrate the manner in which this is done for purposes of determining the area and the average thickness of the cross-section.
  • Rhoplex P339-an anionic acrylic latex used as an elastomeric bonding material.
  • the web was further dried on the fabric by passing heated air at 260 F. through the web while conveying it on the fabric through a tunnel dryer.
  • the tunnel dryer had sufiicient thermal capacity to reduce the moisture content of the web to less than 10% by weight of the wet web, so that the web was now more than 90% dry.
  • the conveyed web was then transferred from the fabric to the surface of a creping dryer of 20 inch diameter by means of a press nip formed against the dryer surface by a inch diameter elastomeric roll having a neoprene cover /2 inch thick and having a hardness of 55 Shore A.
  • a 1.5% solution of Peter Cooper T6220 creping adhesive was sprayed into the press nip between the web and the creping dryer surface.
  • the amount of adhesive present in the web after spraying is approximately .1% by weight of the web.
  • the nip pressure between the elastomeric roll and creping dryer was maintained at 60 p.s.i.
  • the creping dryer contained electrical heating coils of suflicient capacity to maintain a surface temperature of 200 F., this being sufficient drying to reduce the moisture content of the sprayed web to approximately 6% by weight at the creping blade at a crepting dryer speed of 30 ft./min.
  • the web was creped from the surface of the drying drum by a conventional creping doctor blade set at a creping angle of 5 above the radial line at the point of contact.
  • the creped web or sheet material was wound at a speed of 26 ft./min. resulting in a foreshortening of the web in the machine direction of 15%, that is, the formation of 15% crepe in the resultant sheet material.
  • the web possessed the following general properties:
  • T220 m-60 Stretch (MD) 18.6% (TAPPI Standard, T220 m-60) TEA (MD) 1.286 kg.-m./m. (TAPPI Test, T494 su-64) Tensile (CD) 5.4 oz./in. (TAPPI Standard, T220 m-60) Stretch (CD) 10.5% (TAPPI Standard T220 m-60) TEA (CD) 0.537 kg.-m./m. (TAPPI Test, T494 su-64) Lo (MD) 3.8 cm. (Critical length-TAPPI Standard,
  • This sheet material was subjected to the tests described above and was found to have a TEA-to-stitfness ratio of 1.55 10- and an average calculated density throughout the thickness of the sheet under no load of 0.180 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • a typical cross-section of this third web photographed with a linear magnification of 75 as described above for determining the average calculated density is shown in FIG. 7. It is readily apparent from the appearance of this sheet that the fibers are loosely arranged so as to provide low density and high bulk, both of which are key factors in the softness of a web. An outline of the cross-section has also been drawn on the photograph to indicate the manner in which this is done for purposes of determining the area and the average thickness of the cross-section.
  • a fourth web was formed from an unrefined fiber furnish consisting of water and the following conventional papermaking pulps:
  • Quaker 2000 a debonding agent manufactured by Quaker Chemical Company, Conshohocken, Pa., used to reduce interfiber bonding capacity
  • Rhoplex P339-an anionic acrylic latex used as an elastomeric bonding material.
  • the web was formed on a conventional Fourdrinier-type papermaking machine and transferred to a synthetic twill fabric of 72 x 60 mesh by means of a suction pickup shoe at a point where the web is carried on a stretch of the Fourdrinier wire running between two support rolls. While being conveyed on the fabric, the web was subjected to vacuum applied to the underside of the fabric of 10-11 inches mercury for a duration of 15 milliseconds. This reduced the moisture content of the wet web to approximately 70% by weight of the wet web. The web was further dried on the fabric by passing heated air at 260 F. through the web while conveying it on the fabric through a tunnel dryer.
  • the tunnel dryer had sufficient thermal capacity to reduce the moisture content of the web to less than 10% by weight of the wet web, so that the web was now more than dry.
  • the web was then fed through apparatus similar to that shown in FIG. 2. Thus, it was printed in a nip formed by a patterned gravure roll having a diameter of 5" and an elastomeric roll having a diameter of 5" and a neoprene cover /2" thick and having a hardness of 65 Shore A durometer.
  • the gravure roll had a reticular pattern of interconnected distorted hexagons having two sides perpendicular to the machine direction and a pattern repeat length of 0.040". The distance from apex to apex in the cross direction was 0.080".
  • the engraved lines of the pattern were 180-190 microns wide and approximately 46 microns deep.
  • the engraved lines of the pattern comprised approximately 27% of the overall surface area.
  • the bonding material which was applied to the web by the gravure roll comprised an elastomeric bonding material consisting of a mixture of 70% Celanese 6308 and 30% Celanese 5269 by weight.
  • This bonding material is an aqueous emulsion with a solids content of 45% and a viscosity of 250 centipoise at 25 C. as measured on a Brookfield RFV viscometer spindle #3 at 20 r.p.m.
  • the pressure in the printing nip was controlled at p.s.i. average and the average basis weight of the sheet was increased during printing by 12.0%.
  • the printed web was then applied to the surface of a cast iron creping dryer having a diameter of 15 inches by means of the elastomeric roll described above and with an average nip pressure of p.s.i.
  • the creping dryer was oil heated to a surface temperature of F. and the drum surface speed was 20 ft./min. As the web was pressed to the dryer the average dryness was 84%, and upon leaving the drum, the web had an average dryness of about 94%.
  • the web was creped from the surface of the drying drum by a conventional creping doctor blade set at an angle of 6 below the radial line at the point of contact.
  • the creped web or sheet material was wound at a speed of 16.6 ft./min. resulting in a foreshortening in the machine direction of 20%, that is, the formation of 20% crepe in the resultant sheet material.
  • the sheet material possessed the following general properties:
  • the sheet material was subjected to the tests described above and was found to have a TEA-to-stitfness ratio of 4.9l and an average calculated density throughout the thickness of the sheet under no load of 0.139 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • a typical cross-section of this third web photographed with a linear magnification of 75 as described above for determining the average calculated density is shown in FIG. 8. It is readily apparent from the appearance of this sheet that the fibers are loosely arranged so as to provide low density and high bulk, both of which are key factors in the softness of a web. An outline of the cross-section has also been drawn on the photograph to indicate the manner in which this is done for purposes of determining the area and the average thickness of the cross-section.
  • the present invention provides a new and improved form of sheet material which has. a combination of properties heretofore not obtainable in paper Webs.
  • the sheet materials of the present invention are quite strong as a result of the elastorneric bonding material incorporated therein, but also are extremely soft and bulky as evidenced by the high TEA-tostilfness ratio and the low density.
  • the sheet material of the present invention has substantial stretch in all directions in its own plane stemming from the elastomeric bonds and, in the instances where differential or patterned creping is employed, from the structure thus formed.
  • One of the surprising features of the method of the present invention is the simplicity by which the products of the invention are formed, especially in view of some of the alternative methods utilized in the past to achieve some of these features individually.
  • the composition of the bonding material may vary quiet widely as may also the pattern in which the bonding material is applied to the web.
  • the particular apparatus utilized to accomplish the method of the invention is not significant.
  • a wide variety ofdiiferent means can be used for drying the web, creping the web, and applying bonding material to the web. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details of the method and products described herein except as may be required by the following claims.
  • a method for making a soft, absorbent, creped fibrous sheet material comprising the steps of mixing a fiber furnish from lignocellulosic fibers, an
  • a method according to clam 2 wherein said creping surface is heated, and including the step of adding moisture to said web immediately before adhering it to said creping surface to render it less than dry, and :vaporating said moisture by heat from said creping surace.
  • a method according to claim 1 including the steps of promoting formation of said web and water removal therefrom by applying a partial vacuum to one surface of said web prior to adhering said web toa creping'surface.
  • a method according to claim 1 including applying a partial vacuum to one surface of said web while it is disposed in said drainage zone to remove water therefrom, and applying a partial vacuum to the opposite surface of said web to remove it from contact with said foraminous support surface.
  • said adhesive includes an elastomeric bonding agent which bonds fibers together in said selected areas of said web to a greater degree than in other areas of said web.
  • an amount which when added to the amount of elasto-' meric bonding agent applied to selected areas of the web is about 7% of the total dry web weight.
  • said adhesive includes an elastomeric bonding agent which bonds fibers together in areas of said web which contact said selected areas of said creping surface to a greater degree than in other areas of said web.
  • a method according to claim 1 including initially an amount of debonding agent to said fiber furnish which is sufiicient to reduce the breaking length of a flat sheet consisting essentially of such fibers to less than800 meters.
  • a method according to claim 1 including mixing a fiber furnish from lignocellulosic fibers, an elastomeric bonding material in the amount of about 5% of the amount of lignocellulosic fibers in said fiber furnish, and water.
  • a soft, absorbent, creped fibrous web formed by deposition from an aqueous slurry, said web comprising randomly arranged, contacting lignocellulosic fibers,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US00156282A 1971-06-24 1971-06-24 Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry Expired - Lifetime US3812000A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00156282A US3812000A (en) 1971-06-24 1971-06-24 Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry
GB2634772A GB1365230A (en) 1971-06-24 1972-06-06 Soft absorbent fibrous sheet material and a method for making same
AU43345/72A AU472562B2 (en) 1971-06-24 1972-06-13 A soft absorbent, fibrous sheet material anda method andan apparatus for making same
CA145,329A CA972599A (en) 1971-06-24 1972-06-21 Soft absorbent, fibrous sheet material and a method and an apparatus for making same
IT51078/72A IT965845B (it) 1971-06-24 1972-06-22 Materiale laminare fibroso assor bente soffice e metodo ed appa recchiatura per produrre il medesimo
BE785231A BE785231A (fr) 1971-06-24 1972-06-22 Matiere en feuille fibreuse, douce et absorbante, et procede etappareilpour la fabriquer
FR727222881A FR2143424B1 (de) 1971-06-24 1972-06-23
BR4098/72A BR7204098D0 (pt) 1971-06-24 1972-06-23 Processo para produzir material em forma de folhas fibrosas absorventes e macias e a folha resultante
DE2231645A DE2231645C2 (de) 1971-06-24 1972-06-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer weichen, absorbierenden, gekreppten Faserbahn
JP6312872A JPS5517839B1 (de) 1971-06-24 1972-06-23

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00156282A US3812000A (en) 1971-06-24 1971-06-24 Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3812000A true US3812000A (en) 1974-05-21

Family

ID=22558903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00156282A Expired - Lifetime US3812000A (en) 1971-06-24 1971-06-24 Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3812000A (de)
JP (1) JPS5517839B1 (de)
AU (1) AU472562B2 (de)
BE (1) BE785231A (de)
BR (1) BR7204098D0 (de)
CA (1) CA972599A (de)
DE (1) DE2231645C2 (de)
FR (1) FR2143424B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1365230A (de)
IT (1) IT965845B (de)

Cited By (108)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905863A (en) * 1973-06-08 1975-09-16 Procter & Gamble Process for forming absorbent paper by imprinting a semi-twill fabric knuckle pattern thereon prior to final drying and paper thereof
US3926716A (en) * 1974-03-19 1975-12-16 Procter & Gamble Transfer and adherence of relatively dry paper web to a rotating cylindrical surface
US3974025A (en) * 1974-04-01 1976-08-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent paper having imprinted thereon a semi-twill, fabric knuckle pattern prior to final drying
US3994771A (en) * 1975-05-30 1976-11-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for forming a layered paper web having improved bulk, tactile impression and absorbency and paper thereof
US4003783A (en) * 1973-09-07 1977-01-18 Clupak, Inc. Method for compacting a nonwoven fabric impregnated with a thermoplastic binder
US4036684A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-07-19 Beloit Corporation High bulk tissue forming and drying apparatus
US4064213A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-12-20 Scott Paper Company Creping process using two-position adhesive application
US4063995A (en) * 1975-10-28 1977-12-20 Scott Paper Company Fibrous webs with improved bonder and creping adhesive
US4125659A (en) * 1976-06-01 1978-11-14 American Can Company Patterned creping of fibrous products
US4157938A (en) * 1977-04-21 1979-06-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for continuously expelling an atomized stream of water from a moving fibrous web
US4196045A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-04-01 Beloit Corporation Method and apparatus for texturizing and softening non-woven webs
WO1981002704A1 (en) * 1980-03-18 1981-10-01 Valmet Oy Procedure and paper machine for manufacturing creped paper web
US4304625A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-12-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Creping adhesives for through-dried tissue
US4448638A (en) * 1980-08-29 1984-05-15 James River-Dixie/Northern, Inc. Paper webs having high bulk and absorbency and process and apparatus for producing the same
US4464224A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-08-07 Cip Inc. Process for manufacture of high bulk paper
US4940513A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US4959125A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-09-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing noncationic surfactant
US5048589A (en) * 1988-05-18 1991-09-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-creped hand or wiper towel
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5200037A (en) * 1988-05-23 1993-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structures from mixed furnishes
US5215626A (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-06-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US5246545A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying chemical papermaking additives from a thin film to tissue paper
US5246546A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a thin film containing polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5354425A (en) * 1993-12-13 1994-10-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with polyhydroxy fatty acid amide softener systems that are biodegradable
US5399412A (en) * 1993-05-21 1995-03-21 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Uncreped throughdried towels and wipers having high strength and absorbency
US5415737A (en) * 1994-09-20 1995-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5510000A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5525345A (en) * 1993-12-13 1996-06-11 The Proctor & Gamble Company Lotion composition for imparting soft, lubricious feel to tissue paper
US5562649A (en) * 1990-05-25 1996-10-08 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Absorbent perf-embossed debonded pulp board
WO1997003247A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-30 Valmet-Karlstad Ab A paper machine for manufacturing a web of soft crepe paper
US5607551A (en) * 1993-06-24 1997-03-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Soft tissue
US5624676A (en) * 1995-08-03 1997-04-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned tissue paper containing an emollient and a polyol polyester immobilizing agent
US5667636A (en) * 1993-03-24 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making smooth uncreped throughdried sheets
US5705164A (en) * 1995-08-03 1998-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned tissue paper containing a liquid polyol polyester emollient and an immobilizing agent
US5716692A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-02-10 The Procter & Gamble Co. Lotioned tissue paper
US5814190A (en) * 1994-06-29 1998-09-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making paper web having both bulk and smoothness
US5935381A (en) * 1997-06-06 1999-08-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Differential density cellulosic structure and process for making same
US5938893A (en) * 1997-08-15 1999-08-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure and process for making same
US5990377A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs
US6001218A (en) * 1994-06-29 1999-12-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Production of soft paper products from old newspaper
US6027610A (en) * 1994-06-29 2000-02-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Production of soft paper products from old newspaper
US6074527A (en) * 1994-06-29 2000-06-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Production of soft paper products from coarse cellulosic fibers
US6139686A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-10-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Process and apparatus for making foreshortened cellulsic structure
US6146496A (en) * 1996-11-14 2000-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Drying for patterned paper webs
US6199296B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2001-03-13 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Seal arrangement for through-air drying papermaking machine
US6200419B1 (en) 1994-06-29 2001-03-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper web having both bulk and smoothness
US6241850B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2001-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue product exhibiting improved lint resistance and process for making
US6296736B1 (en) 1997-10-30 2001-10-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for modifying pulp from recycled newspapers
US6387217B1 (en) 1998-11-13 2002-05-14 Fort James Corporation Apparatus for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US6387210B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2002-05-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of making sanitary paper product from coarse fibers
US6395957B1 (en) 1997-03-21 2002-05-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs
WO2002043546A1 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispensing apparatus
US6428794B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2002-08-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotion composition for treating tissue paper
US6432267B1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-08-13 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Wet crepe, impingement-air dry process for making absorbent sheet
US20020173580A1 (en) * 1999-11-24 2002-11-21 Allen Anthony J. Methods of making and using creping adhesives comprised of polyamine-epihalohydrin resin/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures
US6547928B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2003-04-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper having a softening composition containing an extensional viscosity modifier deposited thereon
US20030121627A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-03 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US20040057982A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-03-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper softening compositions containing quaternary ammonium compound and high levels of free amine and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US20040065422A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040082668A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-29 Vinson Kenneth Douglas Paper softening compositions containing low levels of high molecular weight polymers and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US20040112558A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
US20040144511A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-07-29 Mckay David D. Low viscosity bilayer disrupted softening composition for tissue paper
US20040154769A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US6787213B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2004-09-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth bulky creped paper product
US20040244933A1 (en) * 2001-06-21 2004-12-09 Scherb Thomas Thoroe Method and a machine for the manufacture of a fiber web
US20040258886A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent tissue-towel products comprising related embossed and printed indicia
US6861380B2 (en) 2002-11-06 2005-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US20050058669A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Skin care topical ointment
US20050058833A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Lotioned tissue product with improved stability
US20050058674A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Moisturizing and lubricating compositions
US20050059941A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent product with improved liner treatment
US20050058693A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products comprising a moisturizing and lubricating composition
US20050101927A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-05-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent products comprising a moisturizing and lubricating composition
US20050129741A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-16 Annastacia Kistler Tissue products comprising a cleansing composition
US20050244480A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Pre-wipes for improving anal cleansing
US20050247416A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Forry Mark E Patterned fibrous structures
US20060140924A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Composition and wipe for reducing viscosity of viscoelastic bodily fluids
US20060140899A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Skin cleansing system comprising an anti-adherent formulation and a cationic compound
US20060147502A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods for controlling microbial pathogens on currency and mail
US20070062655A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Thorsten Knobloch Tissue paper
US20070256803A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Sheehan Jeffrey G Fibrous structure product with high softness
US20070256802A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Jeffrey Glen Sheehan Fibrous structure product with high bulk
US20070284069A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2007-12-13 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US20080041543A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-02-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US20080073046A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-03-27 Dyer Thomas J Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US20090151886A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 Vincent Kent Chan Device for web control having a plurality of surface features
US20090191248A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-07-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Hand health and hygiene system for hand health and infection control
US20090194244A1 (en) * 2008-02-01 2009-08-06 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp High Basis Weight TAD Towel Prepared From Coarse Furnish
EP2088237A1 (de) 2008-02-01 2009-08-12 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP Hochgewichtiges TAD-Handtuch aus einer groben Stoffmischung
US20090280297A1 (en) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-12 Rebecca Howland Spitzer Paper product with visual signaling upon use
WO2010004519A2 (en) 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Substrates having formulations with improved transferability
US20100008957A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Formulations having improved compatibility with nonwoven substrates
US20100119779A1 (en) * 2008-05-07 2010-05-13 Ward William Ostendorf Paper product with visual signaling upon use
US20110123584A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Jeffery Richard Seidling Temperature Change Compositions and Tissue Products Providing a Cooling Sensation
US20110124769A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Helen Kathleen Moen Tissue Products Including a Temperature Change Composition Containing Phase Change Components Within a Non-Interfering Molecular Scaffold
US20110123578A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Wenzel Scott W Cooling Substrates With Hydrophilic Containment Layer and Method of Making
US20110212299A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Dinah Achola Nyangiro Fibrous structure product with high wet bulk recovery
US8568561B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2013-10-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Creped tissue sheets treated with an additive composition according to a pattern
EP2656862A1 (de) 2012-04-24 2013-10-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Substrat mit einem oder mehr humanen Milcholigosacchariden und Einweg-Aufnahmeartikel mit dem Substrat
WO2014004939A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Textured fibrous webs, apparatus and methods for forming textured fibrous webs
US8642645B2 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-02-04 Brooks Kelly Research, LLC. Pharmaceutical composition comprising Cannabinoids
US8679295B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2014-03-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft creped tissue
US8834678B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2014-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft creped tissue having slow wet out time
US10132042B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2018-11-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
CN114032702A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-11 中国制浆造纸研究院有限公司 一种高阻隔柔软型一次性垫单纸的制备方法
US11408129B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2022-08-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3821068A (en) * 1972-10-17 1974-06-28 Scott Paper Co Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the fiber furnish until the sheet is at least 80% dry
DE2615889C2 (de) * 1976-04-10 1983-02-10 Vereinigte Papierwerke Schickedanz & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Verfahren zum Herstellen eines weichen, saugfähigen Papieres
US4529480A (en) * 1983-08-23 1985-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper
DE3928129C1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1991-03-07 Vp-Schickedanz Ag, 8500 Nuernberg, De
CN111154198A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 郎溪佳联新材料有限公司 一种低迁移的改性聚氯乙烯及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1843656A (en) * 1927-05-05 1932-02-02 Tompkins Hawley Fuller Company Method of and machine for making paper
US2635045A (en) * 1948-04-21 1953-04-14 Riegel Paper Corp Making elastomer containing paper
US2666369A (en) * 1952-05-29 1954-01-19 Nicholas J Niks Method of making soft papers adaptable to impregnation
US3059313A (en) * 1958-03-26 1962-10-23 Chicopee Mfg Corp Textile fabrics and methods of making the same
US3019134A (en) * 1958-09-10 1962-01-30 Kimberly Clark Co Cellulosic product
FR1328148A (fr) * 1961-07-06 1963-05-24 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Procédé de transfert du complexe d'argent par diffusion
US3301746A (en) * 1964-04-13 1967-01-31 Procter & Gamble Process for forming absorbent paper by imprinting a fabric knuckle pattern thereon prior to drying and paper thereof
US3300368A (en) * 1964-12-11 1967-01-24 Crown Zellerbach Corp Creped sheet materials and the process of producing the same
FR1473842A (fr) * 1965-04-13 1967-03-24 Procter & Gamble Papier bouffant et son procédé de fabrication
GB1220070A (en) * 1967-03-16 1971-01-20 Hokkai Seishi Kabushiki Kaisha A device for continuous manufacture of patterned paper

Cited By (182)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905863A (en) * 1973-06-08 1975-09-16 Procter & Gamble Process for forming absorbent paper by imprinting a semi-twill fabric knuckle pattern thereon prior to final drying and paper thereof
US4003783A (en) * 1973-09-07 1977-01-18 Clupak, Inc. Method for compacting a nonwoven fabric impregnated with a thermoplastic binder
US3926716A (en) * 1974-03-19 1975-12-16 Procter & Gamble Transfer and adherence of relatively dry paper web to a rotating cylindrical surface
US3974025A (en) * 1974-04-01 1976-08-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent paper having imprinted thereon a semi-twill, fabric knuckle pattern prior to final drying
US3994771A (en) * 1975-05-30 1976-11-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for forming a layered paper web having improved bulk, tactile impression and absorbency and paper thereof
US4036684A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-07-19 Beloit Corporation High bulk tissue forming and drying apparatus
US4063995A (en) * 1975-10-28 1977-12-20 Scott Paper Company Fibrous webs with improved bonder and creping adhesive
US4064213A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-12-20 Scott Paper Company Creping process using two-position adhesive application
US4125659A (en) * 1976-06-01 1978-11-14 American Can Company Patterned creping of fibrous products
US4157938A (en) * 1977-04-21 1979-06-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for continuously expelling an atomized stream of water from a moving fibrous web
US4196045A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-04-01 Beloit Corporation Method and apparatus for texturizing and softening non-woven webs
US4304625A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-12-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Creping adhesives for through-dried tissue
WO1981002704A1 (en) * 1980-03-18 1981-10-01 Valmet Oy Procedure and paper machine for manufacturing creped paper web
US4448638A (en) * 1980-08-29 1984-05-15 James River-Dixie/Northern, Inc. Paper webs having high bulk and absorbency and process and apparatus for producing the same
US4464224A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-08-07 Cip Inc. Process for manufacture of high bulk paper
US5048589A (en) * 1988-05-18 1991-09-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-creped hand or wiper towel
US5200037A (en) * 1988-05-23 1993-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structures from mixed furnishes
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US4959125A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-09-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper containing noncationic surfactant
US4940513A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing soft tissue paper treated with noncationic surfactant
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US5562649A (en) * 1990-05-25 1996-10-08 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Absorbent perf-embossed debonded pulp board
US5215626A (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-06-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5246546A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying a thin film containing polysiloxane to tissue paper
US5246545A (en) * 1992-08-27 1993-09-21 Procter & Gamble Company Process for applying chemical papermaking additives from a thin film to tissue paper
US5888347A (en) * 1993-03-24 1999-03-30 Kimberly-Clark World Wide, Inc. Method for making smooth uncreped throughdried sheets
US5667636A (en) * 1993-03-24 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making smooth uncreped throughdried sheets
US5399412A (en) * 1993-05-21 1995-03-21 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Uncreped throughdried towels and wipers having high strength and absorbency
US5616207A (en) * 1993-05-21 1997-04-01 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for making uncreped throughdried towels and wipers
US5932068A (en) * 1993-06-24 1999-08-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US20040206465A1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2004-10-21 Farrington Theodore Edwin Soft tissue
US5607551A (en) * 1993-06-24 1997-03-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Soft tissue
US7156954B2 (en) 1993-06-24 2007-01-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US6849157B2 (en) 1993-06-24 2005-02-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US5656132A (en) * 1993-06-24 1997-08-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US20050006039A1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2005-01-13 Farrington Theodore Edwin Soft tissue
US20030089475A1 (en) * 1993-06-24 2003-05-15 Farrington Theodore Edwin Soft tissue
US6827818B2 (en) 1993-06-24 2004-12-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US5772845A (en) * 1993-06-24 1998-06-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US6171442B1 (en) 1993-06-24 2001-01-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft tissue
US5354425A (en) * 1993-12-13 1994-10-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper treated with polyhydroxy fatty acid amide softener systems that are biodegradable
US5525345A (en) * 1993-12-13 1996-06-11 The Proctor & Gamble Company Lotion composition for imparting soft, lubricious feel to tissue paper
US5716692A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-02-10 The Procter & Gamble Co. Lotioned tissue paper
US6428794B1 (en) 1994-06-17 2002-08-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotion composition for treating tissue paper
US5814190A (en) * 1994-06-29 1998-09-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making paper web having both bulk and smoothness
US6027610A (en) * 1994-06-29 2000-02-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Production of soft paper products from old newspaper
US6001218A (en) * 1994-06-29 1999-12-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Production of soft paper products from old newspaper
US6074527A (en) * 1994-06-29 2000-06-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Production of soft paper products from coarse cellulosic fibers
US6200419B1 (en) 1994-06-29 2001-03-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper web having both bulk and smoothness
US5415737A (en) * 1994-09-20 1995-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a biodegradable vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
US5510000A (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-04-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper products containing a vegetable oil based chemical softening composition
WO1997003247A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-30 Valmet-Karlstad Ab A paper machine for manufacturing a web of soft crepe paper
US6042692A (en) * 1995-07-12 2000-03-28 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Paper machine for manufacturing a web of soft crepe paper
US5705164A (en) * 1995-08-03 1998-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned tissue paper containing a liquid polyol polyester emollient and an immobilizing agent
US5624676A (en) * 1995-08-03 1997-04-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned tissue paper containing an emollient and a polyol polyester immobilizing agent
US6146496A (en) * 1996-11-14 2000-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Drying for patterned paper webs
US5990377A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs
US6395957B1 (en) 1997-03-21 2002-05-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs
US6911573B2 (en) 1997-03-21 2005-06-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs
US6139686A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-10-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Process and apparatus for making foreshortened cellulsic structure
US5935381A (en) * 1997-06-06 1999-08-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Differential density cellulosic structure and process for making same
US5938893A (en) * 1997-08-15 1999-08-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure and process for making same
US6296736B1 (en) 1997-10-30 2001-10-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for modifying pulp from recycled newspapers
US6387210B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2002-05-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of making sanitary paper product from coarse fibers
US6458248B1 (en) 1998-11-13 2002-10-01 Fort James Corporation Apparatus for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US6517672B2 (en) 1998-11-13 2003-02-11 Fort James Corporation Method for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US7754049B2 (en) 1998-11-13 2010-07-13 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US6387217B1 (en) 1998-11-13 2002-05-14 Fort James Corporation Apparatus for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US20030226650A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2003-12-11 Fort James Corporation Method for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US6669821B2 (en) 1998-11-13 2003-12-30 Fort James Corporation Apparatus for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US20080035289A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2008-02-14 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method for Maximizing Water Removal in a Press Nip
US7300552B2 (en) 1998-11-13 2007-11-27 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Method for maximizing water removal in a press nip
US6787213B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2004-09-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth bulky creped paper product
US6241850B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2001-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue product exhibiting improved lint resistance and process for making
US20020173580A1 (en) * 1999-11-24 2002-11-21 Allen Anthony J. Methods of making and using creping adhesives comprised of polyamine-epihalohydrin resin/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures
US6808597B2 (en) * 1999-11-24 2004-10-26 Hercules Incorporated Methods of making and using creping adhesives comprised of polyamine-epihalohydrin resin/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures
US6432267B1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-08-13 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Wet crepe, impingement-air dry process for making absorbent sheet
US6199296B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2001-03-13 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Seal arrangement for through-air drying papermaking machine
WO2002043546A1 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispensing apparatus
US6855229B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2005-02-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Low viscosity bilayer disrupted softening composition for tissue paper
US20040144511A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-07-29 Mckay David D. Low viscosity bilayer disrupted softening composition for tissue paper
US6797117B1 (en) 2000-11-30 2004-09-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Low viscosity bilayer disrupted softening composition for tissue paper
US20040188045A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-09-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Low viscosity bilayer disrupted softening composition for tissue paper
US20030127206A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2003-07-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper having a softening composition containing an extensional viscosity modifier deposited thereon
US6547928B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2003-04-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper having a softening composition containing an extensional viscosity modifier deposited thereon
US20040244933A1 (en) * 2001-06-21 2004-12-09 Scherb Thomas Thoroe Method and a machine for the manufacture of a fiber web
US6986830B2 (en) * 2001-06-21 2006-01-17 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Method and a machine for the manufacture of a fiber web
US20030121627A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-07-03 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US7311853B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-12-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper softening compositions containing quaternary ammonium compound and high levels of free amine and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US20040057982A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-03-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper softening compositions containing quaternary ammonium compound and high levels of free amine and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US6752905B2 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-06-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040065422A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040194901A1 (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-10-07 Sheng-Hsin Hu Tissue products having reduced slough
US6929714B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2005-08-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced slough
US20040082668A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-29 Vinson Kenneth Douglas Paper softening compositions containing low levels of high molecular weight polymers and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US7432309B2 (en) 2002-10-17 2008-10-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Paper softening compositions containing low levels of high molecular weight polymers and soft tissue paper products comprising said compositions
US6861380B2 (en) 2002-11-06 2005-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
US6887350B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2005-05-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
US20040112558A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having enhanced strength
US20060108047A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2006-05-25 Lorenz Timothy J Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20040157515A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20040154763A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US7918951B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2011-04-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US7354502B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2008-04-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20040157524A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20040154769A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20060108046A1 (en) * 2003-02-06 2006-05-25 Lorenz Timothy J Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US7645359B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2010-01-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US7041196B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2006-05-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US7045026B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2006-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for making a fibrous structure comprising cellulosic and synthetic fibers
US20040258886A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent tissue-towel products comprising related embossed and printed indicia
US7485373B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2009-02-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Lotioned tissue product with improved stability
US20050058693A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products comprising a moisturizing and lubricating composition
US20090220616A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2009-09-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Moisturizing and lubricating compositions
US7547443B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2009-06-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Skin care topical ointment
US20050058833A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Lotioned tissue product with improved stability
US20050058674A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Moisturizing and lubricating compositions
US20050101927A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-05-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent products comprising a moisturizing and lubricating composition
US20050058669A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Skin care topical ointment
US20050059941A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent product with improved liner treatment
US7332179B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2008-02-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products comprising a cleansing composition
US20050129741A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-06-16 Annastacia Kistler Tissue products comprising a cleansing composition
US20050244480A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Pre-wipes for improving anal cleansing
US20050258576A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-24 Forry Mark E Patterned fibrous structures
US20050247416A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Forry Mark E Patterned fibrous structures
US20060140924A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Composition and wipe for reducing viscosity of viscoelastic bodily fluids
US20060140899A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Skin cleansing system comprising an anti-adherent formulation and a cationic compound
US7642395B2 (en) 2004-12-28 2010-01-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Composition and wipe for reducing viscosity of viscoelastic bodily fluids
US20060147502A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods for controlling microbial pathogens on currency and mail
US7749355B2 (en) 2005-09-16 2010-07-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Tissue paper
US20070062655A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Thorsten Knobloch Tissue paper
US20080073046A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-03-27 Dyer Thomas J Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US20070284069A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2007-12-13 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US7807023B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2010-10-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US20080041543A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-02-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US7678231B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2010-03-16 Dow Global Technologies, Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
US8444811B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2013-05-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for increasing the basis weight of sheet materials
USRE42968E1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2011-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure product with high softness
US7744723B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2010-06-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure product with high softness
US20070256802A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Jeffrey Glen Sheehan Fibrous structure product with high bulk
US20070256803A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Sheehan Jeffrey G Fibrous structure product with high softness
US20090151886A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-18 Vincent Kent Chan Device for web control having a plurality of surface features
US7914648B2 (en) 2007-12-18 2011-03-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Device for web control having a plurality of surface features
US10589134B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2020-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Hand health and hygiene system for hand health and infection control
US20090191248A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-07-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Hand health and hygiene system for hand health and infection control
EP2088237A1 (de) 2008-02-01 2009-08-12 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP Hochgewichtiges TAD-Handtuch aus einer groben Stoffmischung
US20090194244A1 (en) * 2008-02-01 2009-08-06 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp High Basis Weight TAD Towel Prepared From Coarse Furnish
US8080130B2 (en) 2008-02-01 2011-12-20 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp High basis weight TAD towel prepared from coarse furnish
US20100119779A1 (en) * 2008-05-07 2010-05-13 Ward William Ostendorf Paper product with visual signaling upon use
US20090280297A1 (en) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-12 Rebecca Howland Spitzer Paper product with visual signaling upon use
US11234905B2 (en) 2008-07-11 2022-02-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Formulations having improved compatibility with nonwoven substrates
US20100008957A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Formulations having improved compatibility with nonwoven substrates
US10307351B2 (en) 2008-07-11 2019-06-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Substrates having formulations with improved transferability
US9949906B2 (en) 2008-07-11 2018-04-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Substrates having formulations with improved transferability
WO2010004519A2 (en) 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Substrates having formulations with improved transferability
US20100008958A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Substrates having formulations with improved transferability
US8568561B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2013-10-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Creped tissue sheets treated with an additive composition according to a pattern
US9181465B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2015-11-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Temperature change compositions and tissue products providing a cooling sensation
US20110123584A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Jeffery Richard Seidling Temperature Change Compositions and Tissue Products Providing a Cooling Sensation
US20110124769A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Helen Kathleen Moen Tissue Products Including a Temperature Change Composition Containing Phase Change Components Within a Non-Interfering Molecular Scaffold
US20110123578A1 (en) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Wenzel Scott W Cooling Substrates With Hydrophilic Containment Layer and Method of Making
US8480852B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2013-07-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Cooling substrates with hydrophilic containment layer and method of making
US8795717B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2014-08-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products including a temperature change composition containing phase change components within a non-interfering molecular scaffold
US9545365B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2017-01-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Temperature change compositions and tissue products providing a cooling sensation
US8894814B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2014-11-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Cooling substrates with hydrophilic containment layer and method of making
WO2011106584A1 (en) 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structure product with high wet bulk recovery
US20110212299A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Dinah Achola Nyangiro Fibrous structure product with high wet bulk recovery
US8679295B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2014-03-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft creped tissue
US8834678B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2014-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft creped tissue having slow wet out time
US8642645B2 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-02-04 Brooks Kelly Research, LLC. Pharmaceutical composition comprising Cannabinoids
WO2013163075A1 (en) 2012-04-24 2013-10-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Substrate comprising one or more human milk oligosaccharides and disposable absorbent article comprising the substrate
EP2656862A1 (de) 2012-04-24 2013-10-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Substrat mit einem oder mehr humanen Milcholigosacchariden und Einweg-Aufnahmeartikel mit dem Substrat
WO2014004939A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Textured fibrous webs, apparatus and methods for forming textured fibrous webs
US10472771B2 (en) 2014-08-05 2019-11-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
US10458069B2 (en) 2014-08-05 2019-10-29 The Procter & Gamble Compay Fibrous structures
US10822745B2 (en) 2014-08-05 2020-11-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
US11725346B2 (en) 2014-08-05 2023-08-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
US10132042B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2018-11-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
US11408129B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2022-08-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
US11732420B2 (en) 2018-12-10 2023-08-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibrous structures
CN114032702A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-11 中国制浆造纸研究院有限公司 一种高阻隔柔软型一次性垫单纸的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7204098D0 (pt) 1973-05-31
CA972599A (en) 1975-08-12
BE785231A (fr) 1972-12-22
IT965845B (it) 1974-02-11
AU4334572A (en) 1973-12-20
FR2143424B1 (de) 1973-07-13
AU472562B2 (en) 1973-12-20
JPS5517839B1 (de) 1980-05-14
GB1365230A (en) 1974-08-29
DE2231645C2 (de) 1982-12-16
FR2143424A1 (de) 1973-02-02
DE2231645A1 (de) 1972-12-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3812000A (en) Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the elastomer containing fiber furnished until the sheet is at least 80%dry
US4208459A (en) Bonded, differentially creped, fibrous webs and method and apparatus for making same
US4158594A (en) Bonded, differentially creped, fibrous webs and method and apparatus for making same
US3821068A (en) Soft,absorbent,fibrous,sheet material formed by avoiding mechanical compression of the fiber furnish until the sheet is at least 80% dry
KR100530290B1 (ko) 저밀도 탄성 웹의 제조 방법
US6663942B1 (en) Crosslinkable creping adhesive formulations applied to a dryer surface or to a cellulosic fiber
US3817827A (en) Soft absorbent fibrous webs containing elastomeric bonding material and formed by creping and embossing
US3879257A (en) Absorbent unitary laminate-like fibrous webs and method for producing them
KR100339664B1 (ko) 습식압착된페이퍼웹및그의제조방법
US3692622A (en) Air formed webs of bonded pulp fibers
US3301746A (en) Process for forming absorbent paper by imprinting a fabric knuckle pattern thereon prior to drying and paper thereof
EP0033988B1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines durch Verdichtung gemustertes Faservlies mit getrennten, mit Bindemittel getränkten Stellen hoher Dichte
AU739921B2 (en) Method of producing a paper having a three-dimensional pattern
US20030121627A1 (en) Tissue products having reduced lint and slough
JPS59144700A (ja) 差別的押圧型製紙機
US7749355B2 (en) Tissue paper
EP0124496B2 (de) Herstellen von Kraftpapier
US6846383B2 (en) Wiping products made according to a low temperature delamination process
US20240183110A1 (en) Durable tissue product
CA2957659C (en) Durable wet-pressed tissue
US6699359B1 (en) Crosslinkable creping adhesive formulations
JPS5848343B2 (ja) 層状テイツシユおよびその製法
KR100738779B1 (ko) 얇고 부드러운 목욕 티슈
WO1999036620A1 (en) Paper having a three-dimensional pattern
US3215589A (en) Two ply printing paper and method of producing the same