US3808716A - Dredge cutter head - Google Patents

Dredge cutter head Download PDF

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Publication number
US3808716A
US3808716A US00225554A US22555472A US3808716A US 3808716 A US3808716 A US 3808716A US 00225554 A US00225554 A US 00225554A US 22555472 A US22555472 A US 22555472A US 3808716 A US3808716 A US 3808716A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tooth
cutter head
crown
plane
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00225554A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Verbeek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hattum En Blankevoort Bv Van
Van Hattum En Blankevoort Bv nl
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Hattum En Blankevoort Bv Van
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Publication of US3808716A publication Critical patent/US3808716A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9293—Component parts of suction heads, e.g. edges, strainers for preventing the entry of stones or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9212—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel
    • E02F3/9225—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel with rotating cutting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2866—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits for rotating digging elements

Definitions

  • a cutter head construction for use in a cutter dredger comprising a plurality of spiral-helical arms which on one end join together at a hub and on the other are connected by means of a supporting ring, to which arms are secured lateral ground working teeth each consisting towards their operative ends of a tooth crown extending from a tooth crown base, the representative tooth tips of which crowns, defined as the points halfway the tip or the middle of a cutting rib formed at the free end of the unworn tooth crown and the projection on the axis of the tooth crown of the centre of the wearing surface of the worn tooth crown, together define an imaginary enveloping plane in the form of aplane of revolution co-axial with said hub and said ring.
  • This invention relates to a cutter head construction for use in a cutter dredger, comprising a plurality of spiral-helical arms which on one end join together at a hub and on the other are connected by means of a supporting ring, to which arms are secured lateral ground working teeth each consisting towards their operative ends of a tooth crown extending from a tooth crown base, the representative tooth tips of which crowns, defined as the points halfway the tip or the middle of a cutting edge formed at the free end of the unworn tooth crown and the projection on the axis of the tooth crown of the centre of the wearing surface of the worn tooth crown, together define an imaginary enveloping plane in the form of a plane of revolution co-axial with said hub and said ring.
  • the tooth crowns preferably consist of a hardwearing material.
  • the tooth crowns are separate members mounted at their base on so'-called tooth holders so as to be readily replaceable. However, they may be formed integrally with such holder.
  • the tooth holders are often secured to the arms by means of sockets fitting seats recessed in the arms.
  • teeth or tooth crowns must then be replaced. in addition to wear, the use in'harder soils often leads to breakage of teeth, resulting from the huge forces exercised on the teeth. As soon as one tooth is broken, the process of breakage escalates since the teeth in its immediate vicinity are loaded to a heavier extent.
  • the invention is based on a detailed understanding of what actually happens in the action of such cutter heads on the soil.
  • the motion of the tip of a tooth crown is one in an orbit having its centre in the axis of rotation of the cutter head.
  • the force component which effects the transmission of energy is directed tangentially to the orbit of the tooth tip concerned. This component is termed the cutting force (S).
  • a so-called feed force is transmitted in the tooth tips.
  • the feed force is per- I pendicular to the direction of the cutting force and hence lies in the so-called contour plane, that is the plane superficies containing the tooth tip concerned and the axis of rotation of the cutter head.
  • This plane superficies intersects the enveloping plane, referred to hereinbefore, by the so-called cutter contour.
  • the feed force can be resolved into a main component and a side-component, respectively in the direction of the perpendicular to, and the tangent to, the cutter contour.
  • the side-component of the feed force is negligibly small. In the following analysis, therefore, the main component of the feed force can be equalized to the feed force.
  • the resultant of the cutting force (S) and the feed force (N). will vary in direction according to the magnitude of these forces relative to each other, but will always lie within the plane superficies defined by the tangent to the orbit of the tooth concerned, on the one hand, and the perpendicular to the enveloping plane referred to herinbefore, or the'cutter contour through said tooth tip, on the other, which superficies will hereinafter be termed the nominal plane belonging to the representative tooth tip concerned.
  • each tooth crown lies at least substantially within the nominal plane of the representative tooth tip concerned, which nominal plane is defined by the perpendicular from said tooth tip to said enveloping plane and the tangent to the orbit of said tip.
  • the moments in the tooth crown are thus limited to a moment in the plane containing the axis of the tooth crown.
  • the tooth crowns have two mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry, the plane of symmetry containing the representative tooth tip, in which the moment of resistance of the tooth crown is maximal, substantially coincides with the nominal plane containing the tooth tip.
  • the tooth crown has in cross-section its highest moment of resistance against the moments which, as appears from the foregoing, are active in said nominal plane.
  • the invention accordingly includes within its scope the forms in which the conditions referred to above are met, but with reference to the actual tooth tips, or the centres of the actual cutting edge, rather than the representative tooth tips.
  • such cutting edge is at least substantially perpendicular to said nominal plane. In this way the most favourable bit action is exerted on the soil by the cutting edge, and especially, such action is maintained as the tooth tip wears off.
  • the direction of the resultant of the cutting force and the feed force is mainly determined by the rate of rotation of the cutter head, the hardness of the material and the extent to which the cutter head is pressed against the soil by the cutter dredger, it is possible, in each and every particular case, to aim at minimizing moments occuring in the tooth crowns, on the basis of experience gained under comparable conditions.
  • the tooth crowns it must be possible for the tooth crowns to be set at the most favourable'angular position. To this effect it is possible from case to case to use teeth having a broken axis still extending in the nominal plane. In this way the cutter can be suited to particular circumstances by just replacing the teeth, with a broken or straight axis, by corresponding teeth having an axis broken at a different angle.
  • the position and form of the socket and the seat are preferably such that the socket and the seat are symmetrical relatively to an axis of symmetry lying at least substantially within the nominal plane of the representative tooth tip concerned.
  • such connecting construction of a tooth crown and holder is formed so as to be symmetrical relatively to an axis of symmetry lying at least substantially within the nominal plane of the representative tooth tip concerned.
  • said axis of symmetry extends at an angle to the axis of the tooth crown, there is a further possibility of adjusting the angular position of the tooth crown while using one and the same kind of tooth crown in reversing the tooth crown through 180 on the connecting construction.
  • a further important advantage of the invention cutter head construction consists in that, owing to the favourable orientation of the tooth crowns, achieved by the invention, relative to the direction from which wearing action is exercised on the tooth crowns, the location of the limited surface area where the wear of the tooth crowns will be concentrated when the cutter head is in use, is known a priori.
  • Such liners may consist of, for example, soldered tungsten carbide plating, or tungsten carbide pellets soldered into a layer of relatively softer material, such as steel, iron, copper. It is also possible to provide the tooth crowns with extra hard electrodes at these areas by electrical means.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutter head construction according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a showing, in a so-called contour plane, of the cutter contour with appurtenant perpendiculars through the points of intersection of the orbits of the representative tooth tips;
  • FIG. 3 is a showing, in the nominal plane, of the forces occurring therein and the relative position of a tooth, consisting of a tooth crown and a tooth holder.
  • a cutter head construction for a cutter dredger.
  • the head consists essentially of a plurality of spiral-helical arms 2a-2f which join together at the free end of the cutter head construction in a hub 3 and at the other end are interconnected by a ring 4.
  • the contemplated direction of rotation of the cutter head is indicated by arrow p in FIG. I.
  • the preferred form is that in which the helical configuration of the arms of the cutter head screws in in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutter head.
  • ground working teeth 5 shown as integral members in FIG. I, but as will be described in more detail hereinafter, essentially consisting of a tooth crown 5a and a tooth holder 5b. These two parts are complementary and are locked together by a locking pin 6, shown in FIG. 3 by its axis by dashes alternatingwith four dots.
  • the unworn tooth tip is designated T and the representative tooth tip T".
  • T in that figure indicates the projection of the centre of gravity Z of the wearing surface v, shown dotted, on the axis H of the tooth crown.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a so-called contour plane, which contains the axis of rotation X -X of the cutter head construction which axis of rotation accordingly coincides with the, axis of hub 3 and ring 4 the curve of intersection C of that plane with the imaginary enveloping plane of all representative tooth tips.
  • the points of intersection of the orbits of the representative tooth tips with said plane during the rotary movement of the cutter head are indicated in FIG. 2 by crosses.
  • the dash lines L, L, in FIG. 2 are the perpendiculars to line C in the contour plane of the representative tooth tips at the moment when these pass the contour plane.
  • FIG. 3 the perpendicular L, belonging to tooth tip T, to the enveloping plane is shown as a dash line.
  • the line lies in the plane of drawing of FIG. 3.
  • the line extending in the direction of arrow S in FIG. 3 represents the tangent to the orbit of the representative tooth tip T.
  • the arrow at 5 represents the cutting force acting in the direction of that tangent.
  • Arrow N indicates the feed force, which is directed according to the perpendicular to the enveloping plane containing the representative tooth tip T.
  • Arrow R indicates the resultant of the feed force N and the cutting force S, which resultant must be taken up by tooth 5.
  • the direction of resultant R does not fully coincide with the axis H of the tooth crown, so that resultant R applies a moment to the tooth crown, the magnitude of which is partly determined by angle a in FIG. 3.
  • at letter K halfway between the representative tooth tip T and the base zone of tooth crown 5a, approximately corresponding to the axis of locking pin 6, is a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to axis H of the tooth crown, which plane is called the perpendicular plane of the crown. The point of intersection of line K in FIG.
  • axis H of the tooth crown is the point of intersection of the so-called main axis of the crown cross-section at the perpendicular plane of the crown.
  • the point of intersection of line K in FIG. 3 with the axis H of the tooth crown is the point of intersection of the so-called main axis D of the cross-section of the crown at its perpendicular plane.
  • Main axis D is the axis of the cross-section of tooth crown 5a at K around which the moment of resistance of the tooth crown against bending is maximal.
  • Tooth holder 5b comprises a tooth socket 7, which is defined by the boundary face, substantially perpendicular to the nominal plane, of a recess formed between two legs 8 and 9 of the tooth holder, which as shown in FIG. 1 straddle an arm of the cutter head complementary to a recessed seat of such arm.
  • A designates an axis of symmetry of tooth socket 7, lying in the nominal plane.
  • the axes of tooth crown H and tooth socket A are directed to enclose an angle B. If various kinds of teeth of different angles B are available, the direction of the tooth crown axis can be adjusted to load conditions by an appropriate selection of the kind of tooth. It is also possible that one kind of tooth affords adjustment to two cases of load conditions. This can be realized by reversing the tooth socket through on the arm. The direction of the axis of the tooth crown is then turned through an angle 23. In the tooth construction of FIG. 3 the axis of symmetry of the connection between the tooth crown and the tooth holder extends in the direction of the axis of the tooth crown.
  • a cutter head construction for use in a cutter dredger comprising a plurality of spiral-helical arms which on one end join together at a hub and on the other are connected by means of a supporting ring, to which arms are secured lateral ground working teeth each consisting towards their operative ends of a tooth crown extending from a tooth crown base, the tips or the middles of the cutting edge of the tooth crowns together defining an imaginary enveloping plane in the form of a plane of revolution co-axial with said hub and said ring, characterized in that the axis of each tooth crown lies within the nominal plane of the tooth crown concerned, which nominal plane is defined by the perpendicular from said tooth tip or the middle of the cutting edge to said enveloping plane and the tangent to the orbit of said tip or middle.
  • a cutter head construction according to claim 1 and provided with teeth having cutting ribs, and wherein each cutting rib is substantially perpendicular to its associated nominal plane.
  • each tooth is secured to the seat of an arm by means of a socket, such seat and such socket being symmetrical relatively to an axis of symmetry lying at least substantially within the nominal plane of the representative tooth tip concerned.
  • each individual tooth crown is secured to a tooth holder of the tooth by connecting and fastening means, said connecting and fastening means being symmetrical relatively to an axis of symmetry lying at least substantially within the nominal plane of the representative tooth tip concerned.
  • a cutter head construction according to claim I wherein the tooth crowns are locally provided with a hard-wearing layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
US00225554A 1971-02-11 1972-02-11 Dredge cutter head Expired - Lifetime US3808716A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7101833.A NL164633B (nl) 1971-02-11 1971-02-11 Snijkopconstructie.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3808716A true US3808716A (en) 1974-05-07

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ID=19812460

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00225554A Expired - Lifetime US3808716A (en) 1971-02-11 1972-02-11 Dredge cutter head

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3808716A (de)
AU (1) AU460996B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2206152C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2125387B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1379097A (de)
NL (1) NL164633B (de)
ZA (1) ZA72878B (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4204347A (en) * 1977-03-08 1980-05-27 Ballast-Nedam Groep N.V. Device for cutting loose hard ground material
EP0015890A1 (de) * 1979-02-02 1980-09-17 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Schneidkopf für Saugbagger
US4403428A (en) * 1981-11-13 1983-09-13 Chapman Jr Marion R Suction dredge cutter head
US4891893A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-01-09 Lvi Group, Inc. Dredge cutterhead tooth assembly
US4986011A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-01-22 Stapel B.V. Cutting device with removable tools
US5526593A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-06-18 Mobile Pulley & Machine Works, Inc. Replaceable adapter for excavating cutterhead
WO2002062125A2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-15 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
US20040237355A1 (en) * 2001-11-09 2004-12-02 Esco Corporation Assembly for securing a wear member to an excavator
GB2416202A (en) * 2003-04-25 2006-01-18 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Cooking device
US20090133295A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2009-05-28 Vosta Lmg B.V. Cutter Head and Suction Dredger
US20100170120A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2010-07-08 Combi Wear Parts Ab Tooth System
US20120272552A1 (en) * 2009-07-06 2012-11-01 Dredging International N.V. Cutter head for dredging ground, cutter suction dredger provided with such a cutter head and use of the cutter head for dredging ground
CN104411895A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2015-03-11 Ihc荷兰Ie有限公司 用于从水底移除材料的刀头
CN107975084A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-01 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 利用三维导向表面降低切削阻力的绞刀齿及其设计方法
US20210087783A1 (en) * 2017-05-15 2021-03-25 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Cutter head with skirt

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0227005Y2 (de) * 1985-12-28 1990-07-23

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2103124A (en) * 1934-08-03 1937-12-21 Taylor Wharton Iron & Steel Co Cutter head for suction dredges
US2233943A (en) * 1939-02-03 1941-03-04 Atlantic Gulf And Pacific Comp Cutter for dredges
US2340216A (en) * 1941-05-27 1944-01-25 Guy W Sackett Cutter for dredges
US3049824A (en) * 1961-04-21 1962-08-21 Auburn Machine Works Inc Digging tip

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1226386A (en) * 1916-05-12 1917-05-15 John Warren Sackett Cutter-head for suction-dredges.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2103124A (en) * 1934-08-03 1937-12-21 Taylor Wharton Iron & Steel Co Cutter head for suction dredges
US2233943A (en) * 1939-02-03 1941-03-04 Atlantic Gulf And Pacific Comp Cutter for dredges
US2340216A (en) * 1941-05-27 1944-01-25 Guy W Sackett Cutter for dredges
US3049824A (en) * 1961-04-21 1962-08-21 Auburn Machine Works Inc Digging tip

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4204347A (en) * 1977-03-08 1980-05-27 Ballast-Nedam Groep N.V. Device for cutting loose hard ground material
EP0015890A1 (de) * 1979-02-02 1980-09-17 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Schneidkopf für Saugbagger
US4319415A (en) * 1979-02-02 1982-03-16 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft Cutter head for suction dredges
US4403428A (en) * 1981-11-13 1983-09-13 Chapman Jr Marion R Suction dredge cutter head
US4986011A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-01-22 Stapel B.V. Cutting device with removable tools
US4891893A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-01-09 Lvi Group, Inc. Dredge cutterhead tooth assembly
US5526593A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-06-18 Mobile Pulley & Machine Works, Inc. Replaceable adapter for excavating cutterhead
WO1997028317A1 (en) * 1994-07-15 1997-08-07 Mobile Pulley & Machine Works, Inc. Replaceable adapter for excavating cutterhead
AU2002236669B2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2007-06-07 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
US6578294B2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2003-06-17 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
WO2002062125A3 (en) * 2001-02-02 2003-08-21 Esco Corp Dredge cutterhead
WO2002062125A2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-15 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
USRE45648E1 (en) * 2001-02-02 2015-08-11 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
US20040237355A1 (en) * 2001-11-09 2004-12-02 Esco Corporation Assembly for securing a wear member to an excavator
US7730645B2 (en) * 2001-11-09 2010-06-08 Esco Corporation Dredge cutterhead
EP2799631A3 (de) * 2001-11-09 2014-12-17 Esco Corporation Baggerkopf eines Schwimmbaggers
GB2416202A (en) * 2003-04-25 2006-01-18 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Cooking device
GB2416202B (en) * 2003-04-25 2007-01-31 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Cooking device
US7971375B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2011-07-05 Combi Wear Parts Ab Tooth system
US20100170120A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2010-07-08 Combi Wear Parts Ab Tooth System
US7739812B2 (en) * 2006-02-28 2010-06-22 Vosta Lmg B.V. Cutter head and suction dredger
US20090133295A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2009-05-28 Vosta Lmg B.V. Cutter Head and Suction Dredger
US20120272552A1 (en) * 2009-07-06 2012-11-01 Dredging International N.V. Cutter head for dredging ground, cutter suction dredger provided with such a cutter head and use of the cutter head for dredging ground
CN104411895A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2015-03-11 Ihc荷兰Ie有限公司 用于从水底移除材料的刀头
US20150275473A1 (en) * 2012-07-06 2015-10-01 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Cutter head for removing material from a water bed
CN104411895B (zh) * 2012-07-06 2016-08-31 Ihc荷兰Ie有限公司 用于从水底移除材料的刀头
US9453324B2 (en) * 2012-07-06 2016-09-27 Ihc Holland Ie B.V Cutter head for removing material from a water bed
US20210087783A1 (en) * 2017-05-15 2021-03-25 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Cutter head with skirt
US11814813B2 (en) * 2017-05-15 2023-11-14 Ihc Holland Ie B.V. Cutter head with skirt
CN107975084A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-01 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 利用三维导向表面降低切削阻力的绞刀齿及其设计方法
CN107975084B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2023-01-31 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 利用三维导向表面降低切削阻力的绞刀齿及其设计方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU460996B2 (en) 1975-05-15
DE2206152B2 (de) 1981-06-25
DE2206152A1 (de) 1972-08-17
AU3890272A (en) 1973-08-16
DE2206152C3 (de) 1982-02-11
ZA72878B (en) 1973-03-28
GB1379097A (en) 1975-01-02
NL7101833A (de) 1972-08-15
FR2125387A1 (de) 1972-09-29
FR2125387B1 (de) 1976-06-11
NL164633B (nl) 1980-08-15

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