US380775A - Process of obtaining sodium - Google Patents
Process of obtaining sodium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US380775A US380775A US380775DA US380775A US 380775 A US380775 A US 380775A US 380775D A US380775D A US 380775DA US 380775 A US380775 A US 380775A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- potassium
- compound
- retort
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 30
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 30
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 22
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
Definitions
- My invention relates to the production of sodium or potassium, and has for its objects to obtain a larger yield of metal than is afforded by the processes heretofore adopted, to reduce the cost of production of the sodium or potassium, and to shorten the process.
- an important feature of my present invention consists in the heating of the substance containing the sodium or potassium and bringing it, while still in a heated condition, into contact with the heated carbonaceous material.
- the effect produced when the sodium or potassium compound (whether heated or not) is brought into contact with the highlyheated carbonaceous material is somewhat similar to that produced when water comes in contact with highly-heated metal-that is to say, the sodium or potassium compound is very rapidly decomposed or broken up and sodium vapor or potassium vaporgiven off. Any chemical combinations which might interfere with or prevent the proper working of the process are thus avoided.
- tion of sodium or potassium It is obvious that any suitable number of condensers may be used in combination with one retort, or two or more retorts may be used with one condenser.
- the retort may advantageously be lined with plumbago, gas-carbon, or other suitable refractory material.
- the caustic soda or other sodium compound after being heated in a chamber exposed to the products of combustion of the furnace for heating the main retort, passes or is fed gradually into the main retort, and, coming into contact with the heated reducing material therein, is rapidly decomposed or broken up, so that sodium vapor is evolve-d. This vapor passes through apipe into the condenser.
- the introduction of the sodium compound into the main retort should be so regulated as to permit the required chemical reactions to take place continuously and effectively. If desired, I can employ suitable means for feeding the said material regularlyinto the said retort.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT ORLANDO M. THOWLESS, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.
PROCESS OF OBTAINING SODIUM, 84.0.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,775, dated April 10, 1888.
Application filed November 5, 1887. Serial No. 254,423.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, ORLANDO M. THOWLESS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain. residing at Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Process for Producing Sodium or Potassium, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to the production of sodium or potassium, and has for its objects to obtain a larger yield of metal than is afforded by the processes heretofore adopted, to reduce the cost of production of the sodium or potassium, and to shorten the process.
Heretofore it has been customary to mix the sodium compound or potassium compound with carbonaceous material and to subject the mixture to intense heat in order to effect the required reduction and distillation. In the production of sodium or potassium in this manner chemical combinations are liable to be formed which are detrimental to the proper working of the process, so that the quantity of sodium or potassium obtained is considerably less than the percentage thereof contained in the charge.
Now an important feature of my present invention consists in the heating of the substance containing the sodium or potassium and bringing it, while still in a heated condition, into contact with the heated carbonaceous material. The effect produced when the sodium or potassium compound (whether heated or not) is brought into contact with the highlyheated carbonaceous material is somewhat similar to that produced when water comes in contact with highly-heated metal-that is to say, the sodium or potassium compound is very rapidly decomposed or broken up and sodium vapor or potassium vaporgiven off. Any chemical combinations which might interfere with or prevent the proper working of the process are thus avoided.
In carrying on my process I employ a pot or retort placed in a furnace and containing coke or other suitable carbonaceous or other reducingmateria1,whichisheated. Iintroduce caustic soda or other suitable sodium compound from a second retort or receptacle, preferably while in a heated condition, into this retort, so thatitwill come in contactwith the carbonaceous or other reducing material therein. The vapors evolved are conducted to condensers such as are ordinarily used in the produc- (No specimens.)
tion of sodium or potassium. It is obvious that any suitable number of condensers may be used in combination with one retort, or two or more retorts may be used with one condenser. The retort may advantageously be lined with plumbago, gas-carbon, or other suitable refractory material. The caustic soda or other sodium compound, after being heated in a chamber exposed to the products of combustion of the furnace for heating the main retort, passes or is fed gradually into the main retort, and, coming into contact with the heated reducing material therein, is rapidly decomposed or broken up, so that sodium vapor is evolve-d. This vapor passes through apipe into the condenser.
The introduction of the sodium compound into the main retort should be so regulated as to permit the required chemical reactions to take place continuously and effectively. If desired, I can employ suitable means for feeding the said material regularlyinto the said retort.
For the production of potassium the process is the same as that above described, caustic potash or other suitable potassium compound being substituted for the sodium compound.
It is obvious that Imay, if desired, add lime, iron, or other suitable substances or any combinations or compounds of these substances to the carbonaceous material without departing from the nature of my said invention.
Having described my invention,whatl claim 1s 1. The process of obtaining sodium or potassium which consists in heating a carbonaceous or other suitable reducing material, gradually supplying caustic soda or caustic potash or other suitable compound of sodium or potassium thereto, and then condensing the vapor evolved, substantially as described.
2. The process of obtaining sodium or potassium which consists in heating a carbonaceous or other suitable reducing material, gradually supplying heated caustic soda or caustic potash or other suitable compound of sodium or potassium thereto, and then condensing the vapor evolved, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
ORLANDOv M. THOWLESS.
Witnesses:
O. O. HERRIOK, A. J. MIroHEL.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US380775A true US380775A (en) | 1888-04-10 |
Family
ID=2449770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US380775D Expired - Lifetime US380775A (en) | Process of obtaining sodium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US380775A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2813017A (en) * | 1954-09-03 | 1957-11-12 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Thermal process for producing alkali metals and magnesium |
| US2930689A (en) * | 1955-09-06 | 1960-03-29 | Callery Chemical Co | Production of alkali metals |
| US6221310B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-04-24 | Powerball Industries, Inc. | System for extracting sodium metal from sodium hydroxide with methane as a reductant |
| US6235235B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2001-05-22 | Jed H. Checketts | System for extracting sodium metal from sodium hydroxide and a reductant of natural gas |
| US9701539B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-11 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production |
| US9909222B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for production of carbon, carbide electrodes, and carbon compositions |
| US11332833B2 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2022-05-17 | West Virginia Research Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds |
-
0
- US US380775D patent/US380775A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2813017A (en) * | 1954-09-03 | 1957-11-12 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Thermal process for producing alkali metals and magnesium |
| US2930689A (en) * | 1955-09-06 | 1960-03-29 | Callery Chemical Co | Production of alkali metals |
| US6235235B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2001-05-22 | Jed H. Checketts | System for extracting sodium metal from sodium hydroxide and a reductant of natural gas |
| US6221310B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-04-24 | Powerball Industries, Inc. | System for extracting sodium metal from sodium hydroxide with methane as a reductant |
| US10494264B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-12-03 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production, compositions, and methods thereof |
| US9764958B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-09-19 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production, compositions, and methods thereof |
| US10035709B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-07-31 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production, compositions, and methods thereof |
| US10144648B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-04 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production |
| US9701539B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-11 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production |
| US10696555B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-06-30 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Process for pure carbon production |
| US9909222B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for production of carbon, carbide electrodes, and carbon compositions |
| US11306401B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2022-04-19 | West Virginia University Research Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for production of carbon, carbide electrodes, and carbon compositions |
| US11332833B2 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2022-05-17 | West Virginia Research Corporation | Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds |
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