US3785272A - Air diffuser fire damper - Google Patents

Air diffuser fire damper Download PDF

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Publication number
US3785272A
US3785272A US3785272DA US3785272A US 3785272 A US3785272 A US 3785272A US 3785272D A US3785272D A US 3785272DA US 3785272 A US3785272 A US 3785272A
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Prior art keywords
air
slot
damper
damper blade
support members
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Expired - Lifetime
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Nabney J Mc
G Hantke
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Trane US Inc
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Trane Co
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Assigned to TRANE COMPANY, THE reassignment TRANE COMPANY, THE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). DELAWARE, EFFECTIVE FEB. 24, 1984 Assignors: A-S CAPITAL INC. A CORP OF DE
Assigned to AMERICAN STANDARD INC., A CORP OF DE reassignment AMERICAN STANDARD INC., A CORP OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 12/28/84 DELAWARE Assignors: A-S SALEM INC., A CORP. OF DE (MERGED INTO), TRANE COMPANY, THE
Assigned to TRANE COMPANY THE reassignment TRANE COMPANY THE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 12/1/83 WISCONSIN Assignors: A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE (CHANGED TO), TRANE COMPANY THE, A CORP OF WI (INTO)
Assigned to A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE reassignment A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TRANE COMPANY THE A WI CORP
Assigned to BANKERS TRUST COMPANY reassignment BANKERS TRUST COMPANY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AMERICAN STANDARD INC., A DE. CORP.,
Assigned to BANKERS TRUST COMPANY reassignment BANKERS TRUST COMPANY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TRANE AIR CONDITIONING COMPANY, A DE CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to CHEMICAL BANK, AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment CHEMICAL BANK, AS COLLATERAL AGENT ASSIGNMENT OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: BANKERS TRUST COMPANY, AS COLLATERAL TRUSTEE
Assigned to AMERICAN STANDARD, INC. reassignment AMERICAN STANDARD, INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST (RE-RECORD TO CORRECT DUPLICATES SUBMITTED BY CUSTOMER. THE NEW SCHEDULE CHANGES THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PROPERTY NUMBERS INVOLVED FROM 1133 TO 794. THIS RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST WAS PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL 8869, FRAME 0001.) Assignors: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (FORMERLY KNOWN AS CHEMICAL BANK)
Assigned to AMERICAN STANDARD, INC. reassignment AMERICAN STANDARD, INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (FORMERLY KNOWN AS CHEMICAL BANK)
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1797—Heat destructible or fusible
    • Y10T137/1812—In fluid flow path

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A fire damper apparatus for use with a ceiling mounted air distributor or diffuser.
  • the fire damper is held in the inoperative position against the urging of torsion springs by fusible pins. Melting of the pins'allows the damper to rotate into the operative position.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a fire damper device that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and install.
  • the present invention provides a fire damper assembly adapted for installation in a slot type air diffuser.
  • the assembly includes at least one damper blade held in an inoperative position by a fusible pin. Upon melting of the pin, the damper blade is rotated into an operative position under the influence of a torsion spring.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an air diffuser and fire damper assembly
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, partially cut away, of an air diffuser with fire damper assembly installed
  • FIG. 3 is an end view, partially cut away, of the air diffuser of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a section view taken along line 44 in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 is a section view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 3, l
  • FIG. 6 is a section view taken along line 66 in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a section view similar to FIG. 6 but with the fire dampers in the closed position, and,
  • FIG. 8 is an end view, partly in crosssection, showing a slightly modified form of the apparatus.
  • the major components of the present apparatus include an air diffuser assembly indicated generally at 10 and a fire damper assembly'indicated generally at 30.
  • the end panel 12 of diffuser 10 has been removed in order to more clearly show the slot construcchannels are arranged in back-to-back, spaced apart relationship defining a linear slot 22 therebetween.
  • Apertures 24 are provided in the vertical portion of channels l8 and 20, these apertures positioned so as to receive tabs 32 on mounting brackets 34 of the damper assembly 30.
  • An air inlet port 26 is provided at the top portion of box 14 through which conditioned air is re ceived from a duct or control unit, the conditioned air being distributed to the space to be conditioned through slot 22.
  • the fire damper assembly 30 may include an inverted U-shaped center portion 36 having horizontal projections 38.
  • the projections 38 cooperate with channels 18 and 20 when assembly 30 is installed to provide for air diffusing slots 22a and 22b.
  • Fixed to center portion 36 are mounting brackets 34, which can be used in any convenient numberaccording to the length of the slot 22.
  • Each mounting bracket has a hole 40 drilled in its top center portion through which a cotter pin 42 may be passed.
  • Dampers 44 are provided with flange portion 46 which are similarly drilled to receive cotter pins 42.
  • Springs 48 are mounted coaxially on cotter pin 42 in the center portion of dampers 44. It will be understood that if desired, similar springs could be employed at the location of the cotter pins at each end of damper 44.
  • Springs 48 are of the torsional type, that is, fingers 50 are loaded so as to tend to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the spring, the finger at one end of the coil tending to rotate clockwise the finger at the opposite end of the coil tending to rotate counterclockwise. Accordingly, when dampers 44 are rotated to the upward position, as shown for example in FIG. 1, springs 48 are biased such that they will cause dampers 44 to rotate about cotter pins 42 to the horizontal position in the absence of a restraining force.
  • Dampers 44 are held in the upward or open position by wires 52 which pass through aperture 53 and restrain dampers 44 against the force exerted by springs 48.
  • Wires 53 are made of a fusible material, preferably a fusible metal such as an alloy of lead and tin, although many other specific materials may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.
  • Damper assembly 30 is inserted into place in air diffuser assembly 10, and is held in place by engagement of tabs 32 into apertures 24. The tabs may be bent over for secure installation. Dampers 44 are held in the vertical position by wires 52.
  • the air diffuser assembly is generally installed in a false ceiling type of installation with the assembly being supported on gridwork (not shown) which is engaged by notches 13 in end panels 12. Ceiling tile or the like is installed on the gridwork with the tiles adjacent the diffuser assembly fitting into the open portions of channels 18 and 20. In such an installation, only slot 22 will be exposed to the room below the false ceiling.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another form to be used with a single slot diffuser. It can be seen that the construction of the fire damper assembly 30 remains unchanged except for the fact that only one damper 44 and one wire 52 is necessary to cover the single slot 22.
  • the structure is comparable to that shown in FIGS. 1-7.
  • the present structure provides an effective fire damper apparatus that is of simple and economical construction.
  • the damper assembly can be assembled into the loaded configuration and easily inserted into the slot diffuser structure.
  • the apparatus can be easily adapted for installation and application in a variety of known slot type of air diffusers.
  • An air diffusing apparatus adapted for installation in a suspended ceiling construction, said apparatus including an air receiving portion having an air inlet and an air outlet, said air outlet including first and second channel members, said channel members being spaced apart to form an air discharge slot therebetween, a plurality of vertical support members disposed in said slot and connected to said channel members; at least one damper blade operably connected to said support members by means of pin fastening means, said pin fastening means providing a rotational axis for said damper blade; at least one torsion spring in operative engagement with said damper blade; a fusible element cooperating with at least one of said support members and said damper blade, whereby said damper blade is rotated to a closed position relative to said air discharge slot by the force of said spring upon destruction of said fusible member.
  • the apparatus of claim 1 including an inverted U- shaped member connected to said vertical support members and running lengthwise of said slot whereby said slot is subdivided into two parallel diffusing slots.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

A fire damper apparatus for use with a ceiling mounted air distributor or diffuser. The fire damper is held in the inoperative position against the urging of torsion springs by fusible pins. Melting of the pins allows the damper to rotate into the operative position.

Description

United States Patent [191 McNabney et al.
[451 Jan. 15, 1974 AIR DIFFUSER FIRE DAMPER Inventors: John C. McNabney; Gerhard J.
Hantke, both of La Crosse, Wis.
Assignee: The Trane Company, La Crosse,
Wis.
Filed: Mar. 24, 1972 Appl. No.: 237,786
US. Cl 98/40 D, 49/7, 98/86, 137/74 Int. Cl E051 15/20, F24f 13/06 Field of Search 98/40 D, l, 86; 49/3, 7; 137/74 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Schach 98/40 D 3,601,033 8/1971 Lambert 98/40 D 3,687,055 8/1972 Dean, Jr. 98/40 D 1,078,361 11/1913 Lawrence 49/7 3,396,652 8/1968 Morrison et a1. 98/86 X Primary Examiner-Wi11iam E. Wayner Attorney-Arthur 0. Andersen et a1.
[5 7] ABSTRACT A fire damper apparatus for use with a ceiling mounted air distributor or diffuser. The fire damper is held in the inoperative position against the urging of torsion springs by fusible pins. Melting of the pins'allows the damper to rotate into the operative position.
4 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures PATENTED JAN I 51974 SHEET 1 BF 3 FIG.
FIG. 8
PATENTED JAN] 5 I974 FIG 2 FIG. 3
FIG. 4
AIR DIFFUSER FIRE DAMPER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Specially designed dampers that are intended to open or close in the event of an uncontrolled fire have been suggested for certain types of air handling equipment. Thus ventilator devices that normally admit outside air frequently employ some type of shut-off device to stop the flow of air into the building in case of fire.
More recently, designers have sought to enhance room appearance and space availability by choosing heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems and equipment wherein the air handling units are as unobtrusive as possible. Accordingly, false or suspended ceilings have gained popularity. In the typical suspended ceiling installation, air distributing terminal units are largely concealed in the plenum between the false ceiling and the actual ceiling, with only a small slot or other similar outlet form being visible from the room below.
Building codes generally require that suspended ceilings meet certain fire codes. When the ceiling includes slot openings from the air terminal unit, it is important that some provision be made to close the slots in the event of fire as the diffuser slots represent an open space between the room and the ceiling plenum.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for closing air diffuser slots in the event of fire.
A further object of the invention is to provide a fire damper device that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and install.
Other objects and advantages of the instant structure will become apparent as the specification proceeds.
The present invention provides a fire damper assembly adapted for installation in a slot type air diffuser. The assembly includes at least one damper blade held in an inoperative position by a fusible pin. Upon melting of the pin, the damper blade is rotated into an operative position under the influence of a torsion spring.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The apparatus will be explained in further detail by reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an air diffuser and fire damper assembly,
FIG. 2 is a side view, partially cut away, of an air diffuser with fire damper assembly installed,
FIG. 3 is an end view, partially cut away, of the air diffuser of FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a section view taken along line 44 in FIG. 2,
FIG. 5 is a section view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 3, l
FIG. 6 is a section view taken along line 66 in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a section view similar to FIG. 6 but with the fire dampers in the closed position, and,
FIG. 8 is an end view, partly in crosssection, showing a slightly modified form of the apparatus.
The major components of the present apparatus include an air diffuser assembly indicated generally at 10 and a fire damper assembly'indicated generally at 30. In FIG. 1 the end panel 12 of diffuser 10 has been removed in order to more clearly show the slot construcchannels are arranged in back-to-back, spaced apart relationship defining a linear slot 22 therebetween. Apertures 24 are provided in the vertical portion of channels l8 and 20, these apertures positioned so as to receive tabs 32 on mounting brackets 34 of the damper assembly 30. An air inlet port 26 is provided at the top portion of box 14 through which conditioned air is re ceived from a duct or control unit, the conditioned air being distributed to the space to be conditioned through slot 22.
The fire damper assembly 30 may include an inverted U-shaped center portion 36 having horizontal projections 38. The projections 38 cooperate with channels 18 and 20 when assembly 30 is installed to provide for air diffusing slots 22a and 22b. Fixed to center portion 36 are mounting brackets 34, which can be used in any convenient numberaccording to the length of the slot 22. Each mounting bracket has a hole 40 drilled in its top center portion through which a cotter pin 42 may be passed. Dampers 44 are provided with flange portion 46 which are similarly drilled to receive cotter pins 42. Springs 48 are mounted coaxially on cotter pin 42 in the center portion of dampers 44. It will be understood that if desired, similar springs could be employed at the location of the cotter pins at each end of damper 44. Springs 48 are of the torsional type, that is, fingers 50 are loaded so as to tend to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the spring, the finger at one end of the coil tending to rotate clockwise the finger at the opposite end of the coil tending to rotate counterclockwise. Accordingly, when dampers 44 are rotated to the upward position, as shown for example in FIG. 1, springs 48 are biased such that they will cause dampers 44 to rotate about cotter pins 42 to the horizontal position in the absence of a restraining force.
Dampers 44 are held in the upward or open position by wires 52 which pass through aperture 53 and restrain dampers 44 against the force exerted by springs 48. Wires 53 are made of a fusible material, preferably a fusible metal such as an alloy of lead and tin, although many other specific materials may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.
Damper assembly 30 is inserted into place in air diffuser assembly 10, and is held in place by engagement of tabs 32 into apertures 24. The tabs may be bent over for secure installation. Dampers 44 are held in the vertical position by wires 52. The air diffuser assembly is generally installed in a false ceiling type of installation with the assembly being supported on gridwork (not shown) which is engaged by notches 13 in end panels 12. Ceiling tile or the like is installed on the gridwork with the tiles adjacent the diffuser assembly fitting into the open portions of channels 18 and 20. In such an installation, only slot 22 will be exposed to the room below the false ceiling.
In the event of a fire in the room it is desirable to close off slot 22 for each diffuser to prevent the fire from spreading through the fire resistant suspended ceiling. Accordingly, the heat from the fire causes wires 52 to melt, allowing springs 48 to rotate about the spring axis, in turn rotating dampers 44 about the coaxial cotter pins 42, the dampers being urged to a horizontal, closed position as illustrated in FIG. 7.
While the apparatus has generally been shown and described in terms of a double center slot type of diffuser having slots 22a and 22b, and therefore two dampers 44, FIG. 8 illustrates another form to be used with a single slot diffuser. It can be seen that the construction of the fire damper assembly 30 remains unchanged except for the fact that only one damper 44 and one wire 52 is necessary to cover the single slot 22.
In other respects,.the structure is comparable to that shown in FIGS. 1-7.
It can be seen that the present structure provides an effective fire damper apparatus that is of simple and economical construction. The damper assembly can be assembled into the loaded configuration and easily inserted into the slot diffuser structure. As such, the apparatus can be easily adapted for installation and application in a variety of known slot type of air diffusers.
While the present apparatus has been described in detail for purposes of clarity, it will be understood that many modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is to be measured by the appended claims.
We claim:
1. An air diffusing apparatus adapted for installation in a suspended ceiling construction, said apparatus including an air receiving portion having an air inlet and an air outlet, said air outlet including first and second channel members, said channel members being spaced apart to form an air discharge slot therebetween, a plurality of vertical support members disposed in said slot and connected to said channel members; at least one damper blade operably connected to said support members by means of pin fastening means, said pin fastening means providing a rotational axis for said damper blade; at least one torsion spring in operative engagement with said damper blade; a fusible element cooperating with at least one of said support members and said damper blade, whereby said damper blade is rotated to a closed position relative to said air discharge slot by the force of said spring upon destruction of said fusible member.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said torsion spring is coaxially mounted on one of said pin fastening means.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 including an inverted U- shaped member connected to said vertical support members and running lengthwise of said slot whereby said slot is subdivided into two parallel diffusing slots.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 having two damper blades operably connected to said support members, each damper blade adapted to close one of said parallel diffusing slots.

Claims (4)

1. An air diffusing apparatus adapted for installation in a suspended ceiling construction, said apparatus including an air receiving portion having an air inlet and an air outlet, said air outlet including first and second channel members, said channel members being spaced apart to form an air discharge slot therebetween, a plurality of vertical support members disposed in said slot and connected to said channel members; at least one damper blade operably connected to said support members by means of pin fastening means, said pin fastening means providing a rotational axis for said damper blade; at least one torsion spring in operative engagement with said damper blade; a fusible element cooperating with at least one of said support members and said damper blade, whereby said damper blade is rotated to a closed position relative to said air discharge slot by the force of said spring upon destruction of said fusible member.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said torsion spring is coaxially mounted on one of said pin fastening means.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 including an inverted U-shaped member connected to said vertical support members and running lengthwise of said slot whereby said slot is subdivided into two parallel diffusing slots.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 having two damper blades operably connected to said support members, each damper blade adapted to close one of said parallel diffusing slots.
US3785272D 1972-03-24 1972-03-24 Air diffuser fire damper Expired - Lifetime US3785272A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888166A (en) * 1974-04-12 1975-06-10 Gen Electric Molded plastic flue damper
FR2286351A1 (en) * 1974-09-27 1976-04-23 Vierling Charles Fire barrier flaps for ventilator duct - has nylon cords to release folded back flaps to block opening when heated
US3960065A (en) * 1975-01-20 1976-06-01 Mccabe Francis J Air control apparatus
US4047475A (en) * 1976-08-02 1977-09-13 Mission Marketing Corporation Of Arizona Ventilating damper assembly
US4073224A (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-02-14 Bierlich J H Ventilators
US4176587A (en) * 1976-08-02 1979-12-04 Mission Marketing Corporation Of Arizona Ventilating damper assembly
US4380188A (en) * 1981-01-28 1983-04-19 Barber-Colman Company Heat-retarding air distribution unit
US4467824A (en) * 1981-06-13 1984-08-28 Strulik Wilhelm P Self-closing fire damper for duct
US4494449A (en) * 1982-03-22 1985-01-22 Mccabe Francis J Insulated lay-in diffuser
US4928583A (en) * 1988-07-22 1990-05-29 Taylor Harry L Air flow control system
US20080264405A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Van Becelaere Robert M Fire damper
US20150047860A1 (en) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Flannery, Inc. Self-closing vent

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110721421B (en) * 2019-11-27 2024-02-23 湖北世丰新材料有限公司 Remote plug-in sponge flame retardant device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1078361A (en) * 1913-04-29 1913-11-11 Thomas H Lawrence Fire-door safety device.
US3320869A (en) * 1966-09-26 1967-05-23 Barber Colman Co Air distributor
US3396652A (en) * 1966-06-15 1968-08-13 Jenn Air Corp Ventilating skylight with heat vent
US3601033A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-08-24 Air Factors Air diffuser assembly with integral air return
US3687055A (en) * 1970-12-15 1972-08-29 Tempmaster Corp Air vane and fire damper for integrated ceiling systems and the like

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1078361A (en) * 1913-04-29 1913-11-11 Thomas H Lawrence Fire-door safety device.
US3396652A (en) * 1966-06-15 1968-08-13 Jenn Air Corp Ventilating skylight with heat vent
US3320869A (en) * 1966-09-26 1967-05-23 Barber Colman Co Air distributor
US3601033A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-08-24 Air Factors Air diffuser assembly with integral air return
US3687055A (en) * 1970-12-15 1972-08-29 Tempmaster Corp Air vane and fire damper for integrated ceiling systems and the like

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888166A (en) * 1974-04-12 1975-06-10 Gen Electric Molded plastic flue damper
FR2286351A1 (en) * 1974-09-27 1976-04-23 Vierling Charles Fire barrier flaps for ventilator duct - has nylon cords to release folded back flaps to block opening when heated
US3960065A (en) * 1975-01-20 1976-06-01 Mccabe Francis J Air control apparatus
US4073224A (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-02-14 Bierlich J H Ventilators
US4047475A (en) * 1976-08-02 1977-09-13 Mission Marketing Corporation Of Arizona Ventilating damper assembly
US4176587A (en) * 1976-08-02 1979-12-04 Mission Marketing Corporation Of Arizona Ventilating damper assembly
US4380188A (en) * 1981-01-28 1983-04-19 Barber-Colman Company Heat-retarding air distribution unit
US4467824A (en) * 1981-06-13 1984-08-28 Strulik Wilhelm P Self-closing fire damper for duct
US4494449A (en) * 1982-03-22 1985-01-22 Mccabe Francis J Insulated lay-in diffuser
US4928583A (en) * 1988-07-22 1990-05-29 Taylor Harry L Air flow control system
US20080264405A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Van Becelaere Robert M Fire damper
US20150047860A1 (en) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Flannery, Inc. Self-closing vent
US10207132B2 (en) * 2013-08-15 2019-02-19 Flannery, Inc. Self-closing vent

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Owner name: AMERICAN STANDARD, INC., NEW JERSEY

Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (FORMERLY KNOWN AS CHEMICAL BANK);REEL/FRAME:008869/0001

Effective date: 19970801