US3778984A - Gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration system - Google Patents

Gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3778984A
US3778984A US00120147A US3778984DA US3778984A US 3778984 A US3778984 A US 3778984A US 00120147 A US00120147 A US 00120147A US 3778984D A US3778984D A US 3778984DA US 3778984 A US3778984 A US 3778984A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cylindrical
coalescer
swirl chamber
housing
refrigerant
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00120147A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Lawser
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Ford Motor Co
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Ford Motor Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant

Definitions

  • Harrington 5 7 ABSTRACT A gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration circuit having a rotary compressor in which oil is mixed with refrigerant as the latter is circulated through the refrigeration cycle, said separator being situated between the compressor and the condenser portion of the cycle and including a swirl chamber for receiving the compressed refrigeration gas and oil mixture whereby the oil is centrifuged from the gas, collected and returned through an oil port to the inlet side of the compressor for recycling.
  • the improvements of my invention may be used in an air conditioning system for an automotive vehicle which uses a refrigerant such as Freon. It is adapted especially to be used in an air conditioning system having a rotary compressor rather than a reciprocating piston compressor.
  • Such rotary compressors may comprise rotary gear elements, preferably having helical threads, in which sealing between the high pressure side of the compressor and the low pressure side of the compressor is accomplished by the sealing action of the meshing gear teeth. Fluid is displaced as the pressure cavity defined in part by the gear teeth decreases in size upon rotation of the meshing gear elements.
  • a rotary compressor in a circuit of this type, two parts of refrigerants are used for each part of oil.
  • the oil and the compressed refrigerant gas at the discharge side of the compressor is in the form of an admixture. Since the oil is dispersed or atomized by the gas, the oil must be removed before the refrigerant can be used. For this reason, the admixture is passed through a separator, which separates the oil from the refrigerant and passes the refrigerant to a condensor which allows the pressurized gas to change to the liquid state.
  • the condensor in automobiles is the air-to-liquid radiator situated in the moving air stream caused by motion of the vehicle.
  • the liquified refrigerant then is passed to an evaporator as the state changes from liquid to gas.
  • An air blower circulates air over the evaporator to the vehicle passenger compartment so that a heat transfer takes place from the air to the evaporator.
  • the output side of the evaporator is connected through a low pressure gas line to the inlet side of the compressor as the cycle is repeated.
  • the oil separated from the refrigerant at the separator is passed through a filter and through a valve cooler and hence to the inlet side of the compressor where it again is allowed to mix with the low pressure gas refrigerant supplied by the evaporator.
  • the improved separator of my invention includes two main chambers one of which is a swirl chamber which receives the admixture of oil and refrigerant, which preferably is Freon gas. Located directly under the swirl chamber is a collector chamber which receives oil centrifuged in the swirl chamber. A coalescer screen is situated in the central region of the swirl chamber where it may collect Freon gas separated by the centrifuging action of the swirl chamber. A baffle is concentrically disposed above the coalescer to prevent short circuiting or secondary flow of fluid directly from the inlet side of the separator to the coalescer. The axial dimensions of the baffle and the coalescer are chosen so that they will not at any time be lower than the level of the liquid in the collector chamber.
  • Freon in liquid form and oil in liquid form collect in the collector chamber.
  • Freon has a higher specific gravity than oil. Therefore the oil rises to a level near one end of the coalescer and baffle.
  • the baffle and the coalescer may be designed so that its capacity is sufficient to accommodate the swirling action while at the same time making it possible to prevent direct immersion of the baffle and coalescer in the uppermost fluid level in the collector chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows in schematic form a refrigeration cycle for an automotive vehicle air conditioning system employing the separator of my invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows in cross sectional form a portion of my improved separator taken along the plane of section line 22 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view, partly in section, showing the separator of FIG. 2 as seen from the plane of section line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane of section line 4-4 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows at 10 a rotary compressor comprising matching, rotating gear elements which effect displacement of gas from inlet line 12 to outlet line 14.
  • Line 12 receives low pressure Freon gas from evaporator 16, and line 14 receives compressed Freon gas and atomized oil.
  • the oil is distributed to the rotary compressor through oil line 18, which is connected to the outlet side of an oil cooler 20.
  • This oil cooler may be located adjacent the condenser 23 which forms a part of the refrigeration circuit. Portions of the cooling coil for the condenser 23 may be isolated from the refrigeration circuit and used instead as an oil cooling circuit. This will eliminate the need for providing a separate oil cooler 20.
  • the oil distributed to oil line 18 is cooled by air passing over cooling coils through which the oil is caused to flow.
  • the discharge line leading from the compressor extends to the separator of my invention, which is indicated in schematic form in FIG. 1 by reference character 22.
  • the Freon gas which is purged of oil is transferred through passage 24 to the inlet side of condenser 23.
  • the outlet side of the condenser 23 communicates with the evaporator 16 through passage 24.
  • approximately 1 to 1.5 gallons per minute of oil is passed from the separator to the inlet side of the oil cooler through passage 26.
  • a filler 28 may be located in this passage if this is desired.
  • the low pressure gas passing to the compressor through line 12 may be approximately 65 F. When it is compressed and mixed with oil, its temperature is raised to 200 F. and its pressure is raised to approximately 200 psi at 500 rpm. A slight temperature drop occurs as the oil is separated and returned through line 26 to the inlet side of the oil cooler. The temperature of the oil on the outlet side of the oil cooler may be approximately The condenser inlet temperature is approximately 5 less than the outlet temperature of the compressor.
  • outlet temperature for the condenser is about 60 less than its inlet temperature.
  • the condensate passes under pressure through flow restricting orifice 30 located in line 24 thereby reducing the pressure and allowing the liquid to evaporate in evaporator 16.
  • My improved separator includes a housing 32 which may be formed in two parts shown at 34 and 36. Each part'forms a portion of a cylinder. They are arranged in an overlapping relationship to permit a welded joint
  • An inlet nozzle 40 communicates with the high pressure gas and oil line 14, a suitable fitting 42 being provided for this purpose.
  • the discharge end of the nozzle is flattened, as shown in FIG. 4 at 44, and the angle to the nozzle is arranged in general tangential disposition with respect to the internal cylindrical wall 46 of the housing part 34.
  • a cylindrical baffle 48 is secured in sequential disposition within the housing part'34 and is welded at 50 to end wall 52 of the housing part 34.
  • the end wall 52 is formed with-an opening 54 which communicates with a cylindrical screen 56.
  • the screen is formed of 100 mesh wire.
  • a coil spring 58 is arranged within the screen 56 to prevent collapsing.
  • An end plug 60 is secured in the lower end of the screen 56.
  • a cylindrical fitting on end plate 62 is positioned within the opening 54 and within the surrounding end of the screen 56. End plate 62 is formed with an opening to receive a fluid fitting 64 which-forms a part of the line 24 described previously.
  • the cylindrical chamber defined by the housing part 34 and the cylindrical, concentric baffle 56 functions as a swirl chamber for the gas and oil mixture that is discharged into it in a tangential direction from the nozzle 40.
  • the centrifuging action thus produced causes the oil to separate and to pass downwardly under the force of gravity into a collecting chamber defined by the lower housing portion 36.
  • a second screen 66 is situated at the base of the housing portion 36 so that it'may serve as a coalescer for the swirling fluid.
  • the liquified oil separated from the admixture is collected and distributed through opening 68 formed in the base of housing portion 36. This opening forms a part of line 26 described previously.
  • baffle 48 In a preferred form of my invention approximately 48 ounces of liquid Freon and about 24 ounces of oil is used in the closed circuit.
  • the length of the baffle 48 is slightly larger than the corresponding axial dimension of the screen 56.
  • the baffle length is approximately one-third of the total length of the housing 32. In any case, the length is chosen so that it will at all times remain completely above the liquid level that might occur in the housing 32.
  • a liquid gas separator for use in a refrigerating system employing a refrigerant and a lubricant of low solubility for the refrigerant, said separator being in communication with the discharge side of a compressor and the inlet side of the condenser, said separator comprising a cylindrical housing defining an upper swirl chamber portion and a lower liquid collector chamber portion, said cylindrical housing having an end wall portion extending across the top of said upper swirl chamber portion, said end wall portion having a centrally disposed opening coaxial with said cylindrical housing, a refrigerant outflow passage communicating with the upper swirl chamber portion, a lubricant flow exit passage communicating with the lower region of said housing, an entrance nozzle communicating with said upper swirl chamber portion of said cylindrical housing, said nozzle being in communication with the discharge side of said compressor and adapted to introduce an admixture of lubricant and refrigerant into said swirl chamber, the flow direction of the admixture through said nozzle being generally tangential with respect to the internal cylindrical surface of said swirl chamber, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US00120147A 1971-03-02 1971-03-02 Gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration system Expired - Lifetime US3778984A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12014771A 1971-03-02 1971-03-02

Publications (1)

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US3778984A true US3778984A (en) 1973-12-18

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US00120147A Expired - Lifetime US3778984A (en) 1971-03-02 1971-03-02 Gas liquid separator for use in a refrigeration system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3778984A (de)
JP (1) JPS5510300B1 (de)
CA (1) CA955765A (de)
DE (1) DE2209883C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1346514A (de)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3907528A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-09-23 Burgess Ind Water separator silencer
FR2413569A1 (fr) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-27 Seiko Instr & Electronics Deshuileur pour compresseur
US4255099A (en) * 1977-12-29 1981-03-10 Seiko Keiki Kabushiki Kaisha Oil separator for compressor
US4474035A (en) * 1983-12-23 1984-10-02 Ford Motor Company Domed accumulator for automotive air conditioning system
US4478050A (en) * 1982-11-19 1984-10-23 Hussmann Corporation Oil separation for refrigeration system
US4506523A (en) * 1982-11-19 1985-03-26 Hussmann Corporation Oil separator unit
US4553989A (en) * 1982-03-12 1985-11-19 Gerard Chaudot Safety system for removing any risk of carrying liquids to the nose of the flare or to the vent-hole during burning or dispersion of the gases associated with production
US4622048A (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-11-11 American Standard Inc. Liquid-gas separator
US4666473A (en) * 1984-11-22 1987-05-19 Rotorcomp Verdichter, Gmbh Separator for gases and liquids
US4690759A (en) * 1986-10-14 1987-09-01 Frick Company Centrifugal and impingement oil separator
US4756166A (en) * 1987-11-13 1988-07-12 General Motors Corporation Integral receiver/dehydrator and expansion valve for air conditioning systems
US4768355A (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-09-06 Ford Motor Company Accumulator with refrigerant processing cartridge for automotive air conditioning system
US4956090A (en) * 1988-04-29 1990-09-11 Richard Berg Aktiebolag Hydrocyclone divided into sections
US4957517A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-09-18 American Standard Inc. Sound attenuating liquid-gas separator
US5029448A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-07-09 American Standard Inc. Oil separator for refrigeration systems
US5090211A (en) * 1990-03-12 1992-02-25 Reklame, Inc. Refrigerant recovery and recycling system
US5113671A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-05-19 Ac&R Components Components, Inc. Oil separator
US5214937A (en) * 1991-10-28 1993-06-01 Carrier Corporation Integral oil separator and muffler
US5271245A (en) * 1992-08-20 1993-12-21 Ac&R Components, Inc. Two-stage helical oil separator
US5502984A (en) * 1993-11-17 1996-04-02 American Standard Inc. Non-concentric oil separator
US5553460A (en) * 1995-06-14 1996-09-10 Ac & R Components, Inc. Horizontal oil separator/reservoir
US6131405A (en) * 1997-12-03 2000-10-17 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Discharge separator and muffler for refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems
EP1568955A1 (de) * 2004-02-25 2005-08-31 Lg Electronics Inc. Ölabtrenner und eine diesen Abtrenner benutzende Kühlkreislaufvorrichtung
US20050223897A1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-13 Oreck Holdings, Llc Vacuum cleaner air/liquid separator
US20060196220A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-07 Westermeyer Gary W Vertical oil separator
US20060196221A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-07 Westermeyer Gary W Multiple outlet vertical oil separator
US20080072750A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Michael Gregory Theodore Oil separator for a fluid displacement apparatus
US20100300051A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2010-12-02 Kristof Adrien Laura Martens Liquid separator
US20150330687A1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-11-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Oil separator and air conditioner having the same
US20180231340A1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2018-08-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Enhanced thermal management for directed energy weapon
WO2022079395A1 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Novares France Séparateur d'eau destinée à être intégré dans un moteur à hydrogène d'un véhicule
CN115265004A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-11-01 安徽众汇制冷有限公司 一种具有回油和排液功能的气液分离器
CN115382331A (zh) * 2022-10-27 2022-11-25 中车山东风电有限公司 一种电解氢气液分离装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3705850A1 (de) * 1987-02-24 1988-09-01 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Verfahren und vorrichtung zur leistungssteigerung einer kaelteanlage fuer kraftfahrzeuge
JPH0641167U (ja) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-31 三洋電機株式会社 フレキシブルプリント配線板

Citations (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190504332A (en) * 1905-03-02 1905-06-08 John Mcneil Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Liquids from Vapours.
US1915987A (en) * 1930-08-06 1933-06-27 Empire Oil & Refining Company Method of cleaning gas
US2010456A (en) * 1932-11-01 1935-08-06 Linde Air Prod Co Fluid cleaner
US2391208A (en) * 1943-03-25 1945-12-18 Air Maze Corp Oil separator
US2473602A (en) * 1945-04-25 1949-06-21 Lavigne Jean Loumiet Et Fluid separator
US2692027A (en) * 1951-09-10 1954-10-19 Joseph L Ammons Oil separator for refrigeration systems
US2846138A (en) * 1954-12-16 1958-08-05 Acton Mfg Company Inc Refrigeration compressor
US2862622A (en) * 1955-08-10 1958-12-02 Detrex Chem Ind Filters
US3099546A (en) * 1959-10-12 1963-07-30 Nuquip Ltd Filters for fluids
US3269097A (en) * 1964-01-27 1966-08-30 Aro Corp Airline filter
US3271934A (en) * 1962-06-11 1966-09-13 Carrier Corp Heat transfer apparatus having means to separate condensed liquid from the system fluid
US3364658A (en) * 1966-09-01 1968-01-23 Hollingshead Corp Multi-phase separation unit

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190504332A (en) * 1905-03-02 1905-06-08 John Mcneil Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Liquids from Vapours.
US1915987A (en) * 1930-08-06 1933-06-27 Empire Oil & Refining Company Method of cleaning gas
US2010456A (en) * 1932-11-01 1935-08-06 Linde Air Prod Co Fluid cleaner
US2391208A (en) * 1943-03-25 1945-12-18 Air Maze Corp Oil separator
US2473602A (en) * 1945-04-25 1949-06-21 Lavigne Jean Loumiet Et Fluid separator
US2692027A (en) * 1951-09-10 1954-10-19 Joseph L Ammons Oil separator for refrigeration systems
US2846138A (en) * 1954-12-16 1958-08-05 Acton Mfg Company Inc Refrigeration compressor
US2862622A (en) * 1955-08-10 1958-12-02 Detrex Chem Ind Filters
US3099546A (en) * 1959-10-12 1963-07-30 Nuquip Ltd Filters for fluids
US3271934A (en) * 1962-06-11 1966-09-13 Carrier Corp Heat transfer apparatus having means to separate condensed liquid from the system fluid
US3269097A (en) * 1964-01-27 1966-08-30 Aro Corp Airline filter
US3364658A (en) * 1966-09-01 1968-01-23 Hollingshead Corp Multi-phase separation unit

Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3907528A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-09-23 Burgess Ind Water separator silencer
FR2413569A1 (fr) * 1977-12-29 1979-07-27 Seiko Instr & Electronics Deshuileur pour compresseur
US4255099A (en) * 1977-12-29 1981-03-10 Seiko Keiki Kabushiki Kaisha Oil separator for compressor
US4553989A (en) * 1982-03-12 1985-11-19 Gerard Chaudot Safety system for removing any risk of carrying liquids to the nose of the flare or to the vent-hole during burning or dispersion of the gases associated with production
US4478050A (en) * 1982-11-19 1984-10-23 Hussmann Corporation Oil separation for refrigeration system
US4506523A (en) * 1982-11-19 1985-03-26 Hussmann Corporation Oil separator unit
US4474035A (en) * 1983-12-23 1984-10-02 Ford Motor Company Domed accumulator for automotive air conditioning system
US4666473A (en) * 1984-11-22 1987-05-19 Rotorcomp Verdichter, Gmbh Separator for gases and liquids
US4622048A (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-11-11 American Standard Inc. Liquid-gas separator
US4690759A (en) * 1986-10-14 1987-09-01 Frick Company Centrifugal and impingement oil separator
US4768355A (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-09-06 Ford Motor Company Accumulator with refrigerant processing cartridge for automotive air conditioning system
US4756166A (en) * 1987-11-13 1988-07-12 General Motors Corporation Integral receiver/dehydrator and expansion valve for air conditioning systems
US4956090A (en) * 1988-04-29 1990-09-11 Richard Berg Aktiebolag Hydrocyclone divided into sections
US4957517A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-09-18 American Standard Inc. Sound attenuating liquid-gas separator
US5029448A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-07-09 American Standard Inc. Oil separator for refrigeration systems
US5090211A (en) * 1990-03-12 1992-02-25 Reklame, Inc. Refrigerant recovery and recycling system
US5113671A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-05-19 Ac&R Components Components, Inc. Oil separator
US5214937A (en) * 1991-10-28 1993-06-01 Carrier Corporation Integral oil separator and muffler
US5404730A (en) * 1992-08-20 1995-04-11 Ac&R Components, Inc. Helical oil separator
EP0583770A1 (de) * 1992-08-20 1994-02-23 AC & R COMPONENTS, INC. Zweistufiger spiralförmiger Ölabscheider
US5271245A (en) * 1992-08-20 1993-12-21 Ac&R Components, Inc. Two-stage helical oil separator
US5502984A (en) * 1993-11-17 1996-04-02 American Standard Inc. Non-concentric oil separator
US5553460A (en) * 1995-06-14 1996-09-10 Ac & R Components, Inc. Horizontal oil separator/reservoir
US6131405A (en) * 1997-12-03 2000-10-17 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Discharge separator and muffler for refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems
EP1568955A1 (de) * 2004-02-25 2005-08-31 Lg Electronics Inc. Ölabtrenner und eine diesen Abtrenner benutzende Kühlkreislaufvorrichtung
US20060112724A1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2006-06-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Oil separator and cooling-cycle apparatus using the same
US7386994B2 (en) 2004-02-25 2008-06-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Oil separator and cooling-cycle apparatus using the same
US20050223897A1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-13 Oreck Holdings, Llc Vacuum cleaner air/liquid separator
US7048783B2 (en) * 2004-04-13 2006-05-23 Oreck Holdings, Llc Vacuum cleaner air/liquid separator
US20060196221A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-07 Westermeyer Gary W Multiple outlet vertical oil separator
US20060196220A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2006-09-07 Westermeyer Gary W Vertical oil separator
US7810351B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2010-10-12 Westermeyer Gary W Multiple outlet vertical oil separator
US20080072750A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Michael Gregory Theodore Oil separator for a fluid displacement apparatus
US7520210B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2009-04-21 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Oil separator for a fluid displacement apparatus
US20100300051A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2010-12-02 Kristof Adrien Laura Martens Liquid separator
US8372173B2 (en) * 2007-08-29 2013-02-12 Atlas Copco Airpower, Naamloze Vennootschap Liquid separator
US20150330687A1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-11-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Oil separator and air conditioner having the same
US20180231340A1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2018-08-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Enhanced thermal management for directed energy weapon
WO2022079395A1 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Novares France Séparateur d'eau destinée à être intégré dans un moteur à hydrogène d'un véhicule
FR3115217A1 (fr) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-22 Novares France Séparateur d’eau destinée à être intégré dans un moteur à hydrogène d’un véhicule
CN115265004A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-11-01 安徽众汇制冷有限公司 一种具有回油和排液功能的气液分离器
CN115382331A (zh) * 2022-10-27 2022-11-25 中车山东风电有限公司 一种电解氢气液分离装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA955765A (en) 1974-10-08
DE2209883B2 (de) 1980-05-14
JPS5510300B1 (de) 1980-03-14
GB1346514A (en) 1974-02-13
DE2209883A1 (de) 1972-09-14
DE2209883C3 (de) 1981-01-08

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