US3775092A - Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys - Google Patents
Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3775092A US3775092A US00174533A US3775092DA US3775092A US 3775092 A US3775092 A US 3775092A US 00174533 A US00174533 A US 00174533A US 3775092D A US3775092D A US 3775092DA US 3775092 A US3775092 A US 3775092A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- flux
- refining
- aluminium
- silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/062—Obtaining aluminium refining using salt or fluxing agents
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Primary Examiner-L. Dewayne Rutledge Assistant Examiner-M. J. Andrews Attorney-Holman & Stern [57] ABSTRACT The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under l,500C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900-1,200C.
- the present invention relates to refining aluminiumsilicon alloys produced in ore-reduction furnaces in order to remove nonmetallic admixtures from them.
- a flux with a fluosilicic constituent is provided which is useful in refining the diluted aluminium-silicon or other structural aluminium alloys.
- a method is also known in the art for refining casting aluminium-silicon alloys with the aid of a number of general-purpose fluxes consisting of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
- the known method when the alloy is preliminarily cooled to 900-l,200"C the bulk of the nonmetallic inclusions, functioning as additional nuclei of crystallization, settles on the walls andbottom of the ladle together with silicon (beginning with 1,100C) entraining the metal and thus increasing its losses. At these'temperatures the alloy features a higher viscosity and the process of its refining is comparatively slow.
- the known methods are adapted only for fine refining of the alloy from a small quantity of admixtures.
- the fluxes are used in refining the aluminium-silicon alloys not only for removing the nonmetallic admixtures from the alloy, but also for protecting the alloy surface against oxidation.
- the flux melting point should be equal to, or somewhat lower than, the temperature at which the alloy is processed.
- the melting point of the known fluxes used for refining the casting aluminium-silicon alloys is l30-200C higher than the required temperatures which prevents complete protection of the alloy against oxidation, thus increasing the losses of alloy.
- the main object of the invention resides in selecting the optimum conditions under which the alloy would be best refined from nonmetallic inclusions.
- the claimed method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys includes the following operations: as the ladle is being gradually filled with the primary alloy from the furnace tap hole, said alloy is mixed with 2-4 percent of flux (from the total weight of the alloy), said flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
- the alloy temperature in the ladle should not be lower than 1,500C.
- the flux introduced at such a temperature is conducive to coagulation of nonmetallic admixtures, thereby reducing the viscosity of the alloy.
- the aluminium-silicon alloy preliminarily treated with fluxes is again refined at 900-l,200C, the quantity of the flux being 4-6 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
- the alloy pretreated by preliminary refining has a lower viscosity so that refining is sufficiently complete and the losses of the alloy, particularly of silicon, are reduced.
- the flux according to the invention wherein the fluoride component is replaced by fluosilicate improves the protection of the alloy surface against oxidation at the same time retaining the adequate degree of refining the alloy from nonmetallic inclusions.
- said fluosilicate component is markedly cheaper (three times approximately) than the fluoride component (cryolite, sodium fluoride, etc.).
- fluosilicic component of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloride 14-16 The fluosilicic component may be either sodium fluosilicate or potassium fluosilicate.
- EXAMPLE 1 Let us consider two cases of refining a primary aluminium-silicon alloy. In both cases the alloy is refined at a temperature of l,200-l,300C. Besides, in the first case the alloy is preliminarily refined at a temperature of l,600C while in the other case the alloy is not refined at high temperatures. High-temperature refining (l,600C) produces 670 kg of refined alloy from 1,000 kg of primary alloy.
- the yield of the alloy owing to additional refining at a temperature of l,600C increases as much as 5.5 percent.
- the aluminium-silicon alloy was mixed with the flux of the above-stated composition in the quantity of 2 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
- a method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces comprising introducing into said alloy at a temperature of not under 1,500C a first portion of a flux containing the fluorides and chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and adding a second portion of said flux to the alloy at a temperature of 900-l ,200C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under 1,500*C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900*-1,200*C.
Description
United States Patent [191 Brusakov et al.
[451 Nov. 27, 1973 METHOD OF REFINING ALUMINIUM-SILICON ALLOYS [76] Inventors: Jury Ivanovich Brusakov,
Novo-Izmailovsky prospekt, 37, kv. 42; Irma Solomonovna Livshits, 3 linia, 48, kv. 21; Vasily Pavlovich Kiselev, ulitsa Lensoveta, 48, kv. 10; Vasily Mikhailovich Cheltsov, prospekt Kosmonavtov, 38, korpus 2, kv. 92, all of Leningrad; Mikhail Pavlovich Avdeev, 7 kvartal, 30, kv. 7, Shelekhov, Irkutskoi oblasti; Semen Panteleevich Marin, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 86, kv. 53, Zaporozhie; Miro Khristoforovich Alivoivodich, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi, Ukrainy, 46, kv. 21, Zaporozhie; Alexei Kuzmich Kulikov, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 66, kv. 76, Zaporozhie; Ivan Arkhipovich Berezhnoi, ulitsa Patrioticheskaya, l5, kv. 20, Zaporozhie; Pavel Ilich Volpin, prospekt Lenina, 210, kv. 16, Zaporozhie; Leonid Vladimirovich Chernyakhovsky, ulitsa Kizhne-Dneprovskaya, 4b, kv. 75, Zaporozhie; Zoya Vasilievna Eltsova, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 6, kv. 71, Zaporozhie; Lidia Nikolaevna Medvedeva, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 66, kv. 172, Zaporozhie; Fedor Mifodievich Kolomitsky, ulitsa 21 Partsiezda, l6, kv. 92, Zaporozhie, all of USSR.
[22] Filed:
[21] Appl. No.: 174,533
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 11, I970 U.S.S.R 1485657 Nov. 11, 1970 U.S.S.R 1485664 [52] US. Cl 75/68 A, 75/93 AC [51] Int. Cl C22b 21/06 [58] Field of Search 75/68 A, 93 AC [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,184,705 12/1939 Willmore 75/68 A 2,255,549 9/1941 Kruh 75/68 A 380,577 9/1932 Lightalloy Ltd. 75/68 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 964,792 7/l964 Great Britain 75/68 A OTHER PUBLICATIONS Handbook of Chemistry and Physics; Chemical Rubber Co.; 50th Edition; 1969; page B157.
Primary Examiner-L. Dewayne Rutledge Assistant Examiner-M. J. Andrews Attorney-Holman & Stern [57] ABSTRACT The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under l,500C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900-1,200C.
3 Claims, No Drawings METHOD OF REFINING ALUMINIUM-SILICO ALLOYS The present invention relates to refining aluminiumsilicon alloys produced in ore-reduction furnaces in order to remove nonmetallic admixtures from them.
According to the present invention a flux with a fluosilicic constituent is provided which is useful in refining the diluted aluminium-silicon or other structural aluminium alloys.
Methods are known in the art for refining aluminiumsilicon alloys containing more than 30 percent Si by removing non-metallic inclusions from them with the aid of a flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals with preliminary cooling of the alloy down to 900C or down to l,lO-1,300C.
A method is also known in the art for refining casting aluminium-silicon alloys with the aid of a number of general-purpose fluxes consisting of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
However, in the known method, when the alloy is preliminarily cooled to 900-l,200"C the bulk of the nonmetallic inclusions, functioning as additional nuclei of crystallization, settles on the walls andbottom of the ladle together with silicon (beginning with 1,100C) entraining the metal and thus increasing its losses. At these'temperatures the alloy features a higher viscosity and the process of its refining is comparatively slow. The known methods are adapted only for fine refining of the alloy from a small quantity of admixtures.
The fluxes are used in refining the aluminium-silicon alloys not only for removing the nonmetallic admixtures from the alloy, but also for protecting the alloy surface against oxidation. With this purpose in view the flux melting point should be equal to, or somewhat lower than, the temperature at which the alloy is processed. However, the melting point of the known fluxes used for refining the casting aluminium-silicon alloys is l30-200C higher than the required temperatures which prevents complete protection of the alloy against oxidation, thus increasing the losses of alloy.
Besides, these fluxes contain a considerable proportion of cryolite or sodium fluoride which raise the cost of the flux.
The main object of the invention resides in selecting the optimum conditions under which the alloy would be best refined from nonmetallic inclusions.
This and other objects are accomplished by the use of a method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces by introducing a flux containing fluorides and chlorides of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals at a temperature of 900-l ,200C wherein, according to the invention, the alloy is first mixed with a flux at a temperature of not under l,SO0C.
For better protection of the surface of the aluminium-silicon alloy against oxidation, it is practicable to use a flux containing the fluosilicate of alkaline metals and having the following composition (per cent):
fluosilicate of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloridel4-l6 Now the invention will be described in detail by way of examples. i
The claimed method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys includes the following operations: as the ladle is being gradually filled with the primary alloy from the furnace tap hole, said alloy is mixed with 2-4 percent of flux (from the total weight of the alloy), said flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.The alloy temperature in the ladle should not be lower than 1,500C.The flux introduced at such a temperature is conducive to coagulation of nonmetallic admixtures, thereby reducing the viscosity of the alloy. The aluminium-silicon alloy preliminarily treated with fluxes is again refined at 900-l,200C, the quantity of the flux being 4-6 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
The alloy pretreated by preliminary refining has a lower viscosity so that refining is sufficiently complete and the losses of the alloy, particularly of silicon, are reduced.
The flux according to the invention wherein the fluoride component is replaced by fluosilicate improves the protection of the alloy surface against oxidation at the same time retaining the adequate degree of refining the alloy from nonmetallic inclusions.
Besides, said fluosilicate component is markedly cheaper (three times approximately) than the fluoride component (cryolite, sodium fluoride, etc.).
It is most practicable to use for these purposes a flux having the following composition (per cent):
fluosilicic component of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloride 14-16 The fluosilicic component may be either sodium fluosilicate or potassium fluosilicate.
Now the invention will be made more apparent by describing the examples of its realization.
EXAMPLE 1 Let us consider two cases of refining a primary aluminium-silicon alloy. In both cases the alloy is refined at a temperature of l,200-l,300C. Besides, in the first case the alloy is preliminarily refined at a temperature of l,600C while in the other case the alloy is not refined at high temperatures. High-temperature refining (l,600C) produces 670 kg of refined alloy from 1,000 kg of primary alloy.
When the alloys are refined without hightemperature treatment with fluxes, only 635 kg of refined alloy are obtained from 1,000 kg primary alloy which means that the alloy losses are increased.
The yield of the alloy owing to additional refining at a temperature of l,600C increases as much as 5.5 percent.
EXAMPLE 2 Tests at 1,500C have been made of the flux with the following composition:
potassium fluosilicate 38.64 percent sodium chloride 46.21 percent potassium chloride 15.09 percent The aluminium-silicon alloy was mixed with the flux of the above-stated composition in the quantity of 2 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
A comparison .of the results of refining obtained by the use of the known and claimed fluxes has shown that the yield of the refined alloy has remained the same though the quality of the refined alloy with respect to the nonmetallic inclusions, as determined by a metallographic analysis has proved to be considerably higher.
Primary Refined alloy alloy Flux composition Yield tons tons K,SiF. NaCl KCl 300.0 272.3 90.7 38.64 46.21 15.09 Na;,AlF, NaCl KCl 300.0 270.5 90.2 20.0 40.0 40.0
duces the prime cost of the alloy.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces comprising introducing into said alloy at a temperature of not under 1,500C a first portion of a flux containing the fluorides and chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and adding a second portion of said flux to the alloy at a temperature of 900-l ,200C.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first portion of said flux is about 2-4 percent by weight of the alloy.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total quantity of said flux is about 4-6 percent by weight of the alloy.
Claims (2)
- 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first portion of said flux is about 2-4 percent by weight of the alloy.
- 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total quantity of said flux is about 4-6 percent by weight of the alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU7001485664A SU327816A1 (en) | 1970-11-11 | 1970-11-11 | Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys |
SU7001485657A SU330763A1 (en) | 1970-11-11 | 1970-11-11 | Flux for refining aluminium-silicon alloys |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3775092A true US3775092A (en) | 1973-11-27 |
Family
ID=26665413
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00174533A Expired - Lifetime US3775092A (en) | 1970-11-11 | 1971-08-24 | Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3775092A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7105042D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA978070A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2133415C3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022614A (en) * | 1975-09-12 | 1977-05-10 | Ethyl Corporation | Method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys |
CN104498726A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-08 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Fluxing medium employing aluminum ashes as raw material and preparation method of fluxing medium |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US380577A (en) * | 1888-04-03 | Apparatus for making drills | ||
US2184705A (en) * | 1939-06-22 | 1939-12-26 | Aluminum Co Of America | Refining and producing aluminum |
US2255549A (en) * | 1938-10-06 | 1941-09-09 | Kruh Osias | Method for producing aluminum, beryllium, chromium, magnesium, and alloys of these metals |
GB964792A (en) * | 1959-11-18 | 1964-07-22 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Improvements in or relating to the extraction of aluminium |
-
1971
- 1971-07-05 DE DE2133415A patent/DE2133415C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-07-06 CA CA117,498A patent/CA978070A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-08-05 BR BR5042/71A patent/BR7105042D0/en unknown
- 1971-08-24 US US00174533A patent/US3775092A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US380577A (en) * | 1888-04-03 | Apparatus for making drills | ||
US2255549A (en) * | 1938-10-06 | 1941-09-09 | Kruh Osias | Method for producing aluminum, beryllium, chromium, magnesium, and alloys of these metals |
US2184705A (en) * | 1939-06-22 | 1939-12-26 | Aluminum Co Of America | Refining and producing aluminum |
GB964792A (en) * | 1959-11-18 | 1964-07-22 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Improvements in or relating to the extraction of aluminium |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics; Chemical Rubber Co.; 50th Edition; 1969; page B 157. * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022614A (en) * | 1975-09-12 | 1977-05-10 | Ethyl Corporation | Method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys |
CN104498726A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-08 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Fluxing medium employing aluminum ashes as raw material and preparation method of fluxing medium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA978070A (en) | 1975-11-18 |
DE2133415A1 (en) | 1972-05-18 |
DE2133415B2 (en) | 1974-04-04 |
DE2133415C3 (en) | 1974-12-12 |
BR7105042D0 (en) | 1973-04-26 |
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