US3775092A - Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys - Google Patents

Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3775092A
US3775092A US00174533A US3775092DA US3775092A US 3775092 A US3775092 A US 3775092A US 00174533 A US00174533 A US 00174533A US 3775092D A US3775092D A US 3775092DA US 3775092 A US3775092 A US 3775092A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
flux
refining
aluminium
silicon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00174533A
Inventor
J Brusakov
I Livshits
V Kiselev
V Cheltsov
M Avdeev
S Marin
M Alivoivodich
A Kulikov
I Berezhnoi
P Volpin
L Chernyakhovsky
Z Eltsova
L Medvedeva
F Kolomitsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU7001485664A external-priority patent/SU327816A1/en
Priority claimed from SU7001485657A external-priority patent/SU330763A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3775092A publication Critical patent/US3775092A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
    • C22B21/062—Obtaining aluminium refining using salt or fluxing agents

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Primary Examiner-L. Dewayne Rutledge Assistant Examiner-M. J. Andrews Attorney-Holman & Stern [57] ABSTRACT The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under l,500C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900-1,200C.
  • the present invention relates to refining aluminiumsilicon alloys produced in ore-reduction furnaces in order to remove nonmetallic admixtures from them.
  • a flux with a fluosilicic constituent is provided which is useful in refining the diluted aluminium-silicon or other structural aluminium alloys.
  • a method is also known in the art for refining casting aluminium-silicon alloys with the aid of a number of general-purpose fluxes consisting of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
  • the known method when the alloy is preliminarily cooled to 900-l,200"C the bulk of the nonmetallic inclusions, functioning as additional nuclei of crystallization, settles on the walls andbottom of the ladle together with silicon (beginning with 1,100C) entraining the metal and thus increasing its losses. At these'temperatures the alloy features a higher viscosity and the process of its refining is comparatively slow.
  • the known methods are adapted only for fine refining of the alloy from a small quantity of admixtures.
  • the fluxes are used in refining the aluminium-silicon alloys not only for removing the nonmetallic admixtures from the alloy, but also for protecting the alloy surface against oxidation.
  • the flux melting point should be equal to, or somewhat lower than, the temperature at which the alloy is processed.
  • the melting point of the known fluxes used for refining the casting aluminium-silicon alloys is l30-200C higher than the required temperatures which prevents complete protection of the alloy against oxidation, thus increasing the losses of alloy.
  • the main object of the invention resides in selecting the optimum conditions under which the alloy would be best refined from nonmetallic inclusions.
  • the claimed method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys includes the following operations: as the ladle is being gradually filled with the primary alloy from the furnace tap hole, said alloy is mixed with 2-4 percent of flux (from the total weight of the alloy), said flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
  • the alloy temperature in the ladle should not be lower than 1,500C.
  • the flux introduced at such a temperature is conducive to coagulation of nonmetallic admixtures, thereby reducing the viscosity of the alloy.
  • the aluminium-silicon alloy preliminarily treated with fluxes is again refined at 900-l,200C, the quantity of the flux being 4-6 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
  • the alloy pretreated by preliminary refining has a lower viscosity so that refining is sufficiently complete and the losses of the alloy, particularly of silicon, are reduced.
  • the flux according to the invention wherein the fluoride component is replaced by fluosilicate improves the protection of the alloy surface against oxidation at the same time retaining the adequate degree of refining the alloy from nonmetallic inclusions.
  • said fluosilicate component is markedly cheaper (three times approximately) than the fluoride component (cryolite, sodium fluoride, etc.).
  • fluosilicic component of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloride 14-16 The fluosilicic component may be either sodium fluosilicate or potassium fluosilicate.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Let us consider two cases of refining a primary aluminium-silicon alloy. In both cases the alloy is refined at a temperature of l,200-l,300C. Besides, in the first case the alloy is preliminarily refined at a temperature of l,600C while in the other case the alloy is not refined at high temperatures. High-temperature refining (l,600C) produces 670 kg of refined alloy from 1,000 kg of primary alloy.
  • the yield of the alloy owing to additional refining at a temperature of l,600C increases as much as 5.5 percent.
  • the aluminium-silicon alloy was mixed with the flux of the above-stated composition in the quantity of 2 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
  • a method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces comprising introducing into said alloy at a temperature of not under 1,500C a first portion of a flux containing the fluorides and chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and adding a second portion of said flux to the alloy at a temperature of 900-l ,200C.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under 1,500*C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900*-1,200*C.

Description

United States Patent [191 Brusakov et al.
[451 Nov. 27, 1973 METHOD OF REFINING ALUMINIUM-SILICON ALLOYS [76] Inventors: Jury Ivanovich Brusakov,
Novo-Izmailovsky prospekt, 37, kv. 42; Irma Solomonovna Livshits, 3 linia, 48, kv. 21; Vasily Pavlovich Kiselev, ulitsa Lensoveta, 48, kv. 10; Vasily Mikhailovich Cheltsov, prospekt Kosmonavtov, 38, korpus 2, kv. 92, all of Leningrad; Mikhail Pavlovich Avdeev, 7 kvartal, 30, kv. 7, Shelekhov, Irkutskoi oblasti; Semen Panteleevich Marin, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 86, kv. 53, Zaporozhie; Miro Khristoforovich Alivoivodich, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi, Ukrainy, 46, kv. 21, Zaporozhie; Alexei Kuzmich Kulikov, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 66, kv. 76, Zaporozhie; Ivan Arkhipovich Berezhnoi, ulitsa Patrioticheskaya, l5, kv. 20, Zaporozhie; Pavel Ilich Volpin, prospekt Lenina, 210, kv. 16, Zaporozhie; Leonid Vladimirovich Chernyakhovsky, ulitsa Kizhne-Dneprovskaya, 4b, kv. 75, Zaporozhie; Zoya Vasilievna Eltsova, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 6, kv. 71, Zaporozhie; Lidia Nikolaevna Medvedeva, ulitsa 40 let Sovetskoi Ukrainy, 66, kv. 172, Zaporozhie; Fedor Mifodievich Kolomitsky, ulitsa 21 Partsiezda, l6, kv. 92, Zaporozhie, all of USSR.
[22] Filed:
[21] Appl. No.: 174,533
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 11, I970 U.S.S.R 1485657 Nov. 11, 1970 U.S.S.R 1485664 [52] US. Cl 75/68 A, 75/93 AC [51] Int. Cl C22b 21/06 [58] Field of Search 75/68 A, 93 AC [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,184,705 12/1939 Willmore 75/68 A 2,255,549 9/1941 Kruh 75/68 A 380,577 9/1932 Lightalloy Ltd. 75/68 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 964,792 7/l964 Great Britain 75/68 A OTHER PUBLICATIONS Handbook of Chemistry and Physics; Chemical Rubber Co.; 50th Edition; 1969; page B157.
Primary Examiner-L. Dewayne Rutledge Assistant Examiner-M. J. Andrews Attorney-Holman & Stern [57] ABSTRACT The method consists in that the aluminum-silicon alloy is first treated with flux at a temperature not under l,500C, then it is treated with more of the same flux at 900-1,200C.
3 Claims, No Drawings METHOD OF REFINING ALUMINIUM-SILICO ALLOYS The present invention relates to refining aluminiumsilicon alloys produced in ore-reduction furnaces in order to remove nonmetallic admixtures from them.
According to the present invention a flux with a fluosilicic constituent is provided which is useful in refining the diluted aluminium-silicon or other structural aluminium alloys.
Methods are known in the art for refining aluminiumsilicon alloys containing more than 30 percent Si by removing non-metallic inclusions from them with the aid of a flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals with preliminary cooling of the alloy down to 900C or down to l,lO-1,300C.
A method is also known in the art for refining casting aluminium-silicon alloys with the aid of a number of general-purpose fluxes consisting of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.
However, in the known method, when the alloy is preliminarily cooled to 900-l,200"C the bulk of the nonmetallic inclusions, functioning as additional nuclei of crystallization, settles on the walls andbottom of the ladle together with silicon (beginning with 1,100C) entraining the metal and thus increasing its losses. At these'temperatures the alloy features a higher viscosity and the process of its refining is comparatively slow. The known methods are adapted only for fine refining of the alloy from a small quantity of admixtures.
The fluxes are used in refining the aluminium-silicon alloys not only for removing the nonmetallic admixtures from the alloy, but also for protecting the alloy surface against oxidation. With this purpose in view the flux melting point should be equal to, or somewhat lower than, the temperature at which the alloy is processed. However, the melting point of the known fluxes used for refining the casting aluminium-silicon alloys is l30-200C higher than the required temperatures which prevents complete protection of the alloy against oxidation, thus increasing the losses of alloy.
Besides, these fluxes contain a considerable proportion of cryolite or sodium fluoride which raise the cost of the flux.
The main object of the invention resides in selecting the optimum conditions under which the alloy would be best refined from nonmetallic inclusions.
This and other objects are accomplished by the use of a method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces by introducing a flux containing fluorides and chlorides of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals at a temperature of 900-l ,200C wherein, according to the invention, the alloy is first mixed with a flux at a temperature of not under l,SO0C.
For better protection of the surface of the aluminium-silicon alloy against oxidation, it is practicable to use a flux containing the fluosilicate of alkaline metals and having the following composition (per cent):
fluosilicate of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloridel4-l6 Now the invention will be described in detail by way of examples. i
The claimed method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys includes the following operations: as the ladle is being gradually filled with the primary alloy from the furnace tap hole, said alloy is mixed with 2-4 percent of flux (from the total weight of the alloy), said flux consisting of a mixture of chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkaline-earth metals.The alloy temperature in the ladle should not be lower than 1,500C.The flux introduced at such a temperature is conducive to coagulation of nonmetallic admixtures, thereby reducing the viscosity of the alloy. The aluminium-silicon alloy preliminarily treated with fluxes is again refined at 900-l,200C, the quantity of the flux being 4-6 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
The alloy pretreated by preliminary refining has a lower viscosity so that refining is sufficiently complete and the losses of the alloy, particularly of silicon, are reduced.
The flux according to the invention wherein the fluoride component is replaced by fluosilicate improves the protection of the alloy surface against oxidation at the same time retaining the adequate degree of refining the alloy from nonmetallic inclusions.
Besides, said fluosilicate component is markedly cheaper (three times approximately) than the fluoride component (cryolite, sodium fluoride, etc.).
It is most practicable to use for these purposes a flux having the following composition (per cent):
fluosilicic component of alkali metals 38-40 sodium chloride 45-47 potassium chloride 14-16 The fluosilicic component may be either sodium fluosilicate or potassium fluosilicate.
Now the invention will be made more apparent by describing the examples of its realization.
EXAMPLE 1 Let us consider two cases of refining a primary aluminium-silicon alloy. In both cases the alloy is refined at a temperature of l,200-l,300C. Besides, in the first case the alloy is preliminarily refined at a temperature of l,600C while in the other case the alloy is not refined at high temperatures. High-temperature refining (l,600C) produces 670 kg of refined alloy from 1,000 kg of primary alloy.
When the alloys are refined without hightemperature treatment with fluxes, only 635 kg of refined alloy are obtained from 1,000 kg primary alloy which means that the alloy losses are increased.
The yield of the alloy owing to additional refining at a temperature of l,600C increases as much as 5.5 percent.
EXAMPLE 2 Tests at 1,500C have been made of the flux with the following composition:
potassium fluosilicate 38.64 percent sodium chloride 46.21 percent potassium chloride 15.09 percent The aluminium-silicon alloy was mixed with the flux of the above-stated composition in the quantity of 2 percent of the total weight of the alloy.
A comparison .of the results of refining obtained by the use of the known and claimed fluxes has shown that the yield of the refined alloy has remained the same though the quality of the refined alloy with respect to the nonmetallic inclusions, as determined by a metallographic analysis has proved to be considerably higher.
Primary Refined alloy alloy Flux composition Yield tons tons K,SiF. NaCl KCl 300.0 272.3 90.7 38.64 46.21 15.09 Na;,AlF, NaCl KCl 300.0 270.5 90.2 20.0 40.0 40.0
duces the prime cost of the alloy.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys produced in ore-reduction electric furnaces comprising introducing into said alloy at a temperature of not under 1,500C a first portion of a flux containing the fluorides and chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and adding a second portion of said flux to the alloy at a temperature of 900-l ,200C.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first portion of said flux is about 2-4 percent by weight of the alloy.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total quantity of said flux is about 4-6 percent by weight of the alloy.

Claims (2)

  1. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first portion of said flux is about 2-4 percent by weight of the alloy.
  2. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total quantity of said flux is about 4-6 percent by weight of the alloy.
US00174533A 1970-11-11 1971-08-24 Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys Expired - Lifetime US3775092A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU7001485664A SU327816A1 (en) 1970-11-11 1970-11-11 Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys
SU7001485657A SU330763A1 (en) 1970-11-11 1970-11-11 Flux for refining aluminium-silicon alloys

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3775092A true US3775092A (en) 1973-11-27

Family

ID=26665413

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00174533A Expired - Lifetime US3775092A (en) 1970-11-11 1971-08-24 Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3775092A (en)
BR (1) BR7105042D0 (en)
CA (1) CA978070A (en)
DE (1) DE2133415C3 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022614A (en) * 1975-09-12 1977-05-10 Ethyl Corporation Method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys
CN104498726A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-08 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 Fluxing medium employing aluminum ashes as raw material and preparation method of fluxing medium

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US380577A (en) * 1888-04-03 Apparatus for making drills
US2184705A (en) * 1939-06-22 1939-12-26 Aluminum Co Of America Refining and producing aluminum
US2255549A (en) * 1938-10-06 1941-09-09 Kruh Osias Method for producing aluminum, beryllium, chromium, magnesium, and alloys of these metals
GB964792A (en) * 1959-11-18 1964-07-22 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Improvements in or relating to the extraction of aluminium

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US380577A (en) * 1888-04-03 Apparatus for making drills
US2255549A (en) * 1938-10-06 1941-09-09 Kruh Osias Method for producing aluminum, beryllium, chromium, magnesium, and alloys of these metals
US2184705A (en) * 1939-06-22 1939-12-26 Aluminum Co Of America Refining and producing aluminum
GB964792A (en) * 1959-11-18 1964-07-22 Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa Improvements in or relating to the extraction of aluminium

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics; Chemical Rubber Co.; 50th Edition; 1969; page B 157. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022614A (en) * 1975-09-12 1977-05-10 Ethyl Corporation Method of refining aluminum-silicon alloys
CN104498726A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-08 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 Fluxing medium employing aluminum ashes as raw material and preparation method of fluxing medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA978070A (en) 1975-11-18
DE2133415A1 (en) 1972-05-18
DE2133415B2 (en) 1974-04-04
DE2133415C3 (en) 1974-12-12
BR7105042D0 (en) 1973-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Polmear et al. Light alloys: metallurgy of the light metals
US3958979A (en) Metallurgical process for purifying aluminum-silicon alloy
US3620716A (en) Magnesium removal from aluminum alloy scrap
NO115556B (en)
US2848321A (en) Drossing fluxes
CN100529129C (en) Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy refining flux and producing method thereof
Kroll How commercial titanium and zirconium were born
Lu et al. Optimizing the tensile properties of Al–11Si–0.3 Mg alloys: Role of Cu addition
Bazhin et al. Synthesis of aluminum-based scandium–yttrium master alloys
US3775092A (en) Method of refining aluminium-silicon alloys
Kulikov et al. Preparation of Aluminum-Scandium Master Alloys by Aluminothermal Reduction of Scandium Fluoride Extracted from Sc 2 O 3
CN113136496A (en) Based on metal oxides MxOyPreparation method of Al-M-B refiner
US2486475A (en) Method of producing metallic beryllium and alloys of beryllium
US2678267A (en) Method of making an alloy comprising magnesium and thorium
Wang et al. Influence of flux containing YCl3 additions on purifying effectiveness and properties of Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5 Zr alloy
Tkacheva et al. Novel molten salts media for production of functional materials
Lee et al. Interfacial phenomena in the reactions of Al-B, Al-Ti-B, and Al-Zr-B alloys with KF-AIF 3 and NaF-AIF 3 melts
US3436212A (en) Flux for treating aluminum
US2604394A (en) Magnesium base alloys
US2497530A (en) Master alloy for introducing zirconium into magnesium
SU1774964A3 (en) Method of obtaining alloying element for modifying aluminium alloys
US2686946A (en) Refining beryllium in the presence of a flux
Kuz et al. Possibilities and prospects for producing silumins with different silicon contents using amorphous microsilica
SU1792991A1 (en) Method of alumino-silicon alloys working
Naumann et al. Cast ingot cracked during forging