US377324A - Steam-generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

4 T. P. MORRIN.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 377,324. Patented Jan. 31, 1888.

F i gl INVENTOR= WITNESSES M 0/, M

By his flttorney,

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. T. F. MORRIN.

STEAM GENERATOR.

WITNESSESZ .Htiorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEAM -GENE1RATO R.

SPECIPICATION forming part or Letters Patent No. 377,324, dated January 31 1888. Application filed July 14, 1887. serial No. 244,257. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

3e it known that I, THOMAS F. MoRRIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Jersey Gity, Hudson county, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Genfrators, of which the following is a specifica- My invention relates to that class of steamgenerators wherein the steam is generated in tubes which project from the generator chamber or shell into the combustiolrchamber over the fire-bed, and the flames and pass upward among the said generating-tubes.

The object of my invention is to provide a steanrgencrator of the class above named with an extended heating-surface and free and abundant circulation in the generating-tubes and to provide perfectly dry and superheated steam. My construction also enables me to obtain a very large extent of heating-surface in a generator of compact form, thereby adaptmg the generator to steam-yachts and other vessels having limited boiler-room.

My invention will be fully described hereinafter, and its novel features carefully defined in the claims.

In the drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of my improved generator, the plane of the section taken substantially on line 1 1 in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional-front elevation, the left half being substantially in front elevation and the right half being mainly in section on line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a sectional plan, the plane of the section being indicated by line 3 3 in Figs. :1 and 2. Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate alnodified form of the headerfor theg'enerat-ingtubes. Fig. 4 is a sectional yiew of the header and tubes on line 44 in Fig. 5, and Fig. 5 is a front view of the header with the cap removed. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the back part of the generator only, (similar to Fig. 1,) which illustrates some minor variations of construe tion.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A represents the front plates of the generator, and A A the side plates of the same. These plates, together with the generator-chamber, designated as a whole by B, inclose the rectangular combustion-chamber, fire-box, and ash-box.

This shell is surmounted by a chimney,- or uptake, 0.

heated gases- D is the furnace-door; E, the ash-box; F, the ash-box door; G. the grate-bars, and H the refractory lining of the fire-box at the front and-sides of the same.

I will now describe the generator=chan1ber B, which forms the back wall of the fire box and combustion chamber opposite to the chargin -doors. This chamber is in the form of an ob ong rectangle, as seen in plan, Fig. 3, and is made of boiler-plate and stayed in the usual manner, so as to stand the internal pressme. I prefer to make the top and bottom plates, wand-b, of the semicircular or convex formseen in Fig. 1. This generator-chamber is divided by atransversely-arranged vertical partition, 0, into two chambers, 13 and 1B, the former of which I call the {Water-chamber, and thelatterthe steam-chamber, although both will contain water. The water-chamber B is provided with a feed-water inlet, d, and both chambers may be .previded with sediment-blow-ofl' pipes and suitable hand-holes for access in cleaning out. w

I will now'describe the construction and arrangement of the generating-tubes and the means whereby the propercirculation is maintained therein.

I I are straight generating-tubes, which extend entirely through the combustion and generator chambers from front to rear, the front ends being supported in the front plate, A,- and the rear ends being expanded in and supported by the front and back plates of the'generator-chamber B. These tubes are provided with suitable screw-caps or headers, e e,whereby they may be inspected internally and cleaned out.- At the front the projecting ends of the tubes are protected by ahousing, fipro vided with large doors g, whereby they may be inspected conveniently, and yet beprotected against currents of cold air. VVhere'the tubes I crossthe steam-chamber B, they are provided with apertures or slots is for the escape of steam therefrom into the chamber, and where they cross the'water-chamber B they are provided with similar apertures or slots,

h, for the admission of water thereto.

In each generating-tube I is arranged a smaller tube, 6, on which is fitted a sleeve, j, (see Fig. 4,) which fits snugly in the tube I between slots h and h, at the point where tube 1 passes through partitions c. The tube a doe."

not extend batfls' beyond sloth, and it does not extend forward quite to-the end of tube I. At

water should cover the upper seriesor tier ofv tubes, I-w'hen the said tubes will stand normally full of water. The products of combustion, heated gases, and flames pass upward among 'the generating-tubes, and the water therein is set in motion and steam' generated. The colder water enters the tube I at slots or apertures hfrom chamber B and passes through the inner tube, t, toward the front, flows from the .front end of tube 73 into the tube I, and passes back-along the annular space'in' tube I, (exterior to tube 23,) and escapes at slots or apertures it into chamber B, In its rearward flow ,it is exposed in the form of an annularfilm or sheet to the intense heat, and is in part converted into steam, which risesin the steam-chamber B, carrying with it considerable watery vapor. As it rises above the water-level it encounters a deflecting-plate, k,

which is secured to the front plate of theohamber B, extends across the same from side to side, and back through an aperture, 1,'here formed in partition 0. In passing around the free edge of plate k the steam dischargesits load of watery vapor into chamber B, and

' then rises and enters the superheater, which I will now describe.

At the upper part or the. generator are arranged the superheating-tubes J J-one or more tiers-extending like the tubes I from front to rear and supported in the front plate,

A, and the plates of the generator-chamber B. They may'haveremovable' caps e at, one end only, as seen in Fig. 1, or at both ends, as in the case of tnbesI. v

' Each tube J is open to the chamber B, through the medium of slots or apertures m m in the tubes, where they pass through said chamber, and in each tube J is arranged a smaller tube, n, which extends forward therein nearly to the front end of same. 7 At their rear ends the ends'of tubes a are bentor turned upward, pass out through the aperture m, and

up through the crown-sheet o of chamber B into the steam dome or receiver K. .Thus the saturatedsteam from the steam-spacein chamber B is compelled to. not outthrough the annular space inth'e tube J, across the combustion-chamber toward tho'front, and then back through the inner tubemz, to the steam-dome.

During its passage through tubes J' and .n it is thoroughly dried and to some extent'superheated. As the aperturelin the partition c practically throws the two, chambers B and B into one'above the water-level, the extension of the tubes J across the chamber 18- and the extension of the partition cup to the crownsheet 0 are mainly for convenience of construction and operation, "The p'i Tes J might be expanded therein; but-when allowed to extend through, asshown, they serve as stays to'the chamber B and afi'ord better access for cleanin g' from the back. the partition c. up to the crown @sheet, as shown. 7

- In order to further superheat the steam I prefer to arrange the steam-supply pipe, as shown. This pipe L taps the steam-dome K, and is then carried down into the combustionchamber, where it connects with orforms coils L in the combustion-chamber below the tubes J, ingoutat the termination of said coil through-the wall or shell of the combustionchamber, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In order tofurther utilize the heat of the furnace and provide for the thorough circulation of the water-in the generator, Improvide headers M, arranged in'the ash-box E, one near front to rear, and I also provide two similar bastion-chamber and above the water-linen: of the generator. These headers are inthe nature of pipes or tubes and connect at their back or inner ends with the chamber B, the lower-pair tapping said chamber below the firebed, as shown. These headers-thatistosay, the upper and lower headers on each side-f-are connected by numerous vertically arranged -ter norma'lly and serve as generating-wheat ranged very close together, and they serve to protectthe lining or side plates of the combustion-chaniber from the intense heat, which the tubes.

lower tier of the tubes I and the grate G, is exin order that the heatinaybe transmitted back to the waterin the generator-chamber B, I prefer to provide the stays r of this portiou'of said chamber with projecting studs 1*, which project out into the furnace, as shown in Fig:1,

ture. The lower part of chamber B, below the stated. The two tiers of tubes 'J are merely need be employed aswillbe required to'carry oh the steam as fast as it is generated.

Where the tubes I are made of sufficiently ers or capse (seen in Figs. 1 and 3) will serve.

prefer to use a header similar to that illustrated in -Eigs. 5 and 6,.which Iwill describe.

inner tube,before described. 1? represents the header, which is of the character of a shallow stopped at the inner plate of chamber B and each sidewall thereof and extending from headers, M, arranged at the sides of the comtubes N N, which, of course, stand full of wa- The tier. or set of vertical tubes N may be arwill be in the main absorbed by-thewater induplicatw, and only as many of said tubesv thi tk metal to bear ascrew-thread, thehead-j but in case quite thin metal is employed I I prefer, also, to ,extend too The front plate of chamber B, betweeuthe 5 no posed directly to the heat 'of the furnace; and

where they will be heated to a high temperagrate, serves as a sediment-chamber and may be providedwith the usual blow-off, as-before1r2o I represents the generating-tube, and 1 Tthe triangularbox with three-apertures to receive the ends of the three tubes I I, and in which they are secured byexpanding them. The reeess in the box-like header is divided by partitions s s and a screw, t, which passes through 5 the cap P, receives a securing-nut, u, on its outer end, which serves down firmly. header not only serves to close the ends of the tubes 1, but to separate them and prevent the water from passing from one to the other at the header.

Instead of constructing the header to embrace three tubes, it may as well be made to embrace two or four.

In order that a jet-of steam may be conveniently employed for cleaning soot and other substances which collect thereon from the exterior surfaces of tubes I, I provide holes o 0 in the front plate or fire-front A of the generator for the insertion of'a nozzle or jet-tube. There may be any desired number of these holes, and they will be provided with plugs or stoppers when not iu use.

I will now describe the to clamp the cover construction illus- 1 trated in Fig. 6, merely indicating the points which difi'er from'the construction already described.

Inlieu ol the stays 1* with projecting heads '1 as seen in Fig. 1, I employ large tubular stays rflwhich are expanded. in the plates and n the artition 0. These project through the back p ate and are stopped by plugs These plugs are provided: each with a groove along its side to admit a little air to the furnace. The partition 0 only extends up about to the water-line, and the deflector k extends entirely across the chamber and has an aperture in' it for the passage of steam. There are horizontal partitions v ,0 across the chamber between the several tiers of drying-tubes J ,land these latter are provided with plugs to w, in which the inner tubes, n, findbearings or sockets. From the bore in each plug 10 there is a lateral passage, w',-at the upper side, and a short tube, n, is here connected with the bore in the plug and extendsbut through theshell-of tube J and up into the chamber above, the upper one opening into doni'p K. This construction compels the steam o flow througlreach tier of tubes in succession before it reaches the dome K.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a steam generator, the generatorchamber constructed with plane front and back plates and with a tight partition, 0, extending up to the water-line with communication above between the two parts of. said chamber, and the compound generating-tubes mounted in the plates and partition of said chamber and extending across the combustion-chamber over the fire-bed, substantially as set forth.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination,

with the front plate and side plates of the combustion-chamber, of the generator-chamber B,-

WVith this construction the forming one wall of said 'ehamhea and the compound generating-tubes mounted at their one ends in the generator-chamberand at their other ends in the opposite plateof the combustionchamber, said generating tubes having suitable apertures within the generatorchamber for the ingress and egress of water, substantially as set forth.

3. In asteam generator,the combination of a generator-chamber, B, of substantially the form shown, and provided with a partition, 0, of the generating-tubes mounted therein and comprising each an exterior tube, I,with openings h and h, arranged on opposite sides of said partition in the chamber B,'and the inner tube, 1' mounted in tube I, substantially as set forth, whereby a proper circulation is effected in said tubes.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination, with the generatm-chamber, forming one wall of the combustion-chamber and fire-box, and the plates A A A, forming the other sides of the same,of the header hLarranged below the grate and connected at its one end with the generator-chamber, the header M, arranged above the water-levelin the combustion-chamber andalso connected with the generatorehamber, and the tubes N N, connecting said headers, said tubes and headers being arranged near the wall of the comlmstion-chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. In a' steam-generator, the combination, with the generator-chamber B, having a partition, 'c, which divides said chamber below the water-line into chambers B and B, and having also a defleeting-.plat e, k, over chamber B of the compound generating-tubes mounted in said generating-ehamber,substantially as set fort 6. In a steam-generator, the combination, with the generator-chamber B and the gencrating-tubes mounted therein, of the compound superheating or drying tubes mounted in said generator-chamber above said generating-tubes, said superheating-tubes comprising each an exterior tube, J, open to the chamber B and extending across 'thecombustion-chamber, and an inner tube,- n, opening into the steam-dome, substantially asset forth.

7. The generator-chamber B, provided with a partition, 0, and with tubular stays 1', extending across said generator and opening intoithe fire-box at their inner ends, said stays being each provided at its outer end with a grooved plug or stopper, ,4, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination. with the generatorchamber, of the partitions o 12, across the same below the steam-dome K, forming chambers, the drying-tubes J, arranged in tiers and secured in the walls of said generator- (Yamber, said tubes J provided'with 'aper tures m m, the chambered stoppers w, and the tubes 11. and egarranged substantially as set forth.

4 V I 9. The header P for the generating-tubes, In witness whereof I have hereonto signed fionstructed in thefo'rm ofashallow box, promy name in the presence of two subscribing vided'with holes to receive two' or more of witnesses. said tube's,with partitions s s, separating each THOMAS F. MORRIN. 5 of said tubes from the others, and. witha. cap Witnesses:

and screw fastening therefor, substantially as HENRY CONNETT,

. J. Q... OAPLI GER.

set forth.

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