US3773013A - Coating apparatus with fluid doctor blade - Google Patents

Coating apparatus with fluid doctor blade Download PDF

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US3773013A
US3773013A US00223535A US3773013DA US3773013A US 3773013 A US3773013 A US 3773013A US 00223535 A US00223535 A US 00223535A US 3773013D A US3773013D A US 3773013DA US 3773013 A US3773013 A US 3773013A
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strip
conduit means
die
bath
improvement
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US00223535A
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C Parker
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Bethlehem Steel Corp
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Bethlehem Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/16—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using fluids under pressure, e.g. air knives
    • C23C2/18—Removing excess of molten coatings from elongated material
    • C23C2/20—Strips; Plates

Definitions

  • a steel strip is leaving a bath
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for producing 5 l of molten zinc.
  • the strip is passing vertically upa coated metal strip characterized by a coating of uniform thickness. More particularly, it relates to a coating die which directs a stream of gas downwardly and across the face of the strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal to control the weight and the uniformity of the thickness of the coating on the strip.
  • fluid streams such as gas, e.g. air or steam
  • the apparatus for directing the stream of gas toward the strip is generally referred to as a coating die, and may comprise conduit means, e.g., a pipe, having a source of gas connected thereto through a manifold.
  • the pipe is provided with an exhaust slot. along its length.
  • a prior art coating die was disposed horizontally and was provided with an exhaust slot of constant width, inclined downwardly whereby the stream of fluid emitted from said slot is directed.
  • Coated steel strip wiped by such a die was generally characterized by a non-uniform coating thickness, the thickness being at times as much as 20% greater at the sides than at the middle of the strip.
  • each coating die comprising a manifold connected to conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of the strip, the conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of the die is at a greater distance from the bath than the other end.
  • Each of the conduit means is provided with an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid is directed out of the exhaust slot downwardly across the face of the strip.
  • the force per unit area with which the stream impinges on the strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of the stream increases.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the coating dies relative to the strip being coated.
  • FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines 3-3 of FIG. '1.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines 44 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged bottom plan view of an alternative embodiment of the coating dies of the invention.
  • each die 14 makes an angle of about 20 with a line perpendicular to'the edge of the strip.
  • each die 14 comprises a manifold 14a and conduit means 15 provided with an exhaust slot 16 along the length thereof through which a stream of fluid is directed downwardly toward the face of the strip.
  • the fluid is steam if the coating metal is molten zinc.
  • Means (not shown) is provided for supplying the steam to each manifold 14a, and preferably themanifold 14a is connected to several points 18 intermediate the ends of the conduit means 15.
  • the exhaust slot 16 is of constant width, e.g., 0.015 in., and the steam is supplied to the manifold 14a at an inlet pressure of 40 psi., for example, for a coating weight of 2% oz. per square ft., although the proper inlet pressure is dependent upon the desired coating weight and the distance of the conduit means 15 from the face of the strip.
  • inlet pressures may, vary from 40 to psi.
  • Exhaust slot 16 is inclined downwardly so that the steam emitted therefrom is directed downwardly toward the face of the strip.
  • the plane passing through the centerline of the stream of steam emitted through the slot 16 makes an angle of about 30 with a plane through the axis of the conduit means 15 and normal to the face of the strip.
  • the conduit means 15 is preferably one-half inch from the strip at the lowermost point, and 1 inch from the strip at the uppermost point.
  • the dies can be positioned parallel to the plane of the strip if the exhaust slot 17 is tapered whereby the width of said slot 17 decreases as the height of said die increases.
  • This arrangement also results in a larger force per unit area against the strip 10 where the steam from the lower end of the die impinges on the strip, the force per unit area progressively decreasing as the point of impingement increases in distance from the surface of the bath.
  • the width of the slot 17 progressively decreases from 0.025 inch at the lower end of the die to 0.015 inch at the upper end thereof.
  • An improvement in apparatus for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal comprising a pair of coating dies disposed in registry on opposite sides of said strip, each of said dies comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said die is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end thereof, each of said conduit means having an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid may be directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, each die being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.
  • a die for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said conduit means is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end, said conduit means being pro vided with an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid is directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, said conduit means being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

Fluid doctor means operative on each face of a vertically traveling web are each disposed askew to both the vertical and horizontal related to the path of web travel. The dispensing slot of said means is of varying width.

Description

United States Patent Parker, Sr. Nov. 20, 1973 COATING APPARATUS WITH FLUID 2,598,391 5 1952 Jones 117 102 L x DOCTOR BLADE 3,141,194 7/1964 Jester 118/63 x 3,406,656 10/1968 Patterson 118/63 [75] Inventor: Calvin E. Parker, Sr., Walnut 3,459,537 8 1969 Hunter et aL. 118/63 x Creek, Calif. 3,499,418 3/1970 Mayhew 118/63 X 3,607,366 9/1971 Kurokawa 117/102 M [7.31 Ass'gmel Bethlem'" 3,687,103 8/1972 La Camera et a1. 118/63 Bethleham, Pa. I
[22] Filed: 1972 Primary Examiner-Morris Kaplan [21] Appl. No; 223,535 Att0rney.1oseph J. OKeefe [52] U.S. Cl. 118/63 51 1111. C1. B05c 11/06 [57] ABSTRACT [58] g A 2 Fluid doctor means operative on each face of a verti- 1 C cally traveling web are each disposed askew to both the vertical and horizontal related to the path of web [56] References Cited travel. The dispensing slot of said means is of varying UNITED STATES PATENTS f width.
2,390,007 11/1945 Sherman 118/63 X BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in FIG. I, a steel strip is leaving a bath This invention relates to an apparatus for producing 5 l of molten zinc. The strip is passing vertically upa coated metal strip characterized by a coating of uniform thickness. More particularly, it relates to a coating die which directs a stream of gas downwardly and across the face of the strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal to control the weight and the uniformity of the thickness of the coating on the strip.
It is broadly old to use fluid streams such as gas, e.g. air or steam, for controlling the thickness, or weight, of a coating on one or both sides of a steel strip as the strip energes from a bath of molten coating metal, e.g., zinc. The apparatus for directing the stream of gas toward the strip is generally referred to as a coating die, and may comprise conduit means, e.g., a pipe, having a source of gas connected thereto through a manifold.
The pipe is provided with an exhaust slot. along its length. Typically, such a prior art coating die was disposed horizontally and was provided with an exhaust slot of constant width, inclined downwardly whereby the stream of fluid emitted from said slot is directed. Coated steel strip wiped by such a die was generally characterized by a non-uniform coating thickness, the thickness being at times as much as 20% greater at the sides than at the middle of the strip.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved apparatus for obtaining a more uniform coating thickness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been found that the characteristically heavier coatings at the sides of strip wiped by prior art die arrangements are caused by turbulence resulting from gas collisions at the edges of the strip. I have discovered that such turbulence can be minimized by providing a pair of coating dies in registry on opposite sides of a vertically moving strip as it leaves the coating bath, each coating die comprising a manifold connected to conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of the strip, the conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of the die is at a greater distance from the bath than the other end. Each of the conduit means is provided with an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid is directed out of the exhaust slot downwardly across the face of the strip. The force per unit area with which the stream impinges on the strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of the stream increases.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the coating dies relative to the strip being coated.
FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines 3-3 of FIG. '1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines 44 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged bottom plan view of an alternative embodiment of the coating dies of the invention.
wardlythrough a pair of coating dies 14, only one of which can be seen in FIG. 1 since the dies 14 are disposed in registry on opposite sides of the strip. As can be seen, each die 14 makes an angle of about 20 with a line perpendicular to'the edge of the strip.
As is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each die 14 comprises a manifold 14a and conduit means 15 provided with an exhaust slot 16 along the length thereof through which a stream of fluid is directed downwardly toward the face of the strip. Preferably, the fluid is steam if the coating metal is molten zinc. Means (not shown) is provided for supplying the steam to each manifold 14a, and preferably themanifold 14a is connected to several points 18 intermediate the ends of the conduit means 15. The exhaust slot 16 is of constant width, e.g., 0.015 in., and the steam is supplied to the manifold 14a at an inlet pressure of 40 psi., for example, for a coating weight of 2% oz. per square ft., although the proper inlet pressure is dependent upon the desired coating weight and the distance of the conduit means 15 from the face of the strip. Typically, inlet pressures may, vary from 40 to psi.
Exhaust slot 16 is inclined downwardly so that the steam emitted therefrom is directed downwardly toward the face of the strip. Preferably, as is shown in FIG. 4, the plane passing through the centerline of the stream of steam emitted through the slot 16 makes an angle of about 30 with a plane through the axis of the conduit means 15 and normal to the face of the strip.
' With an exhaust slot of constant width, it is essential that the lower end of the die 14 be positioned closer to the strip than is the upper end of the die. The molten zinc runs down the strip as it passes from the bath and, as the distance from the bath increases the coating, until it solidifies, becomes thinner. Hence, the steam is required to have less force per unit area as the distance from the bath increases if the coating is to be of uniform thickness across the strip face. For a strip 48 inches wide, for example, the conduit means 15 is preferably one-half inch from the strip at the lowermost point, and 1 inch from the strip at the uppermost point.
Alternatively, as is shown in FIG. 5, the dies can be positioned parallel to the plane of the strip if the exhaust slot 17 is tapered whereby the width of said slot 17 decreases as the height of said die increases. This arrangement also results in a larger force per unit area against the strip 10 where the steam from the lower end of the die impinges on the strip, the force per unit area progressively decreasing as the point of impingement increases in distance from the surface of the bath. Typically, the width of the slot 17 progressively decreases from 0.025 inch at the lower end of the die to 0.015 inch at the upper end thereof.
As a result of the above-described die construction and arrangement relative to the strip being coated, the uniformity in coating thickness is much improved over prior art coating dies. For example, I have produced galvanized strip having coatings which varied from 2.12 oz./ft. at the center of the strip to a maximum of 2.40 oz./ft. at the sides thereof with a pair of dies making an angle of 20 with a line perpendicular to an edge of the strip and having a constant width exhaust slot of 0.020 inch disposed whereby steam emitted therethrough is directed downwardly at 30. The variation in coating thickness, which is about 11.7 percent, was the average of 55 tests. I have also produced galvanized strip having coatings which varied from 2.08 oz./ft. at the center of the strip to a maximum of 2.18 oz./ft. at the sides thereof with a pair of dies making an angle of 20 with a line perpendicular to an edge of the strip and having a tapered exhaust slot of 0.0150.025 inches disposed whereby steam emitted therethrough is directed downwardly at 30. This variation in coating thickness, which is about 4.6 percent, was the average of 50 tests. On the other hand, a pair of prior art dies, horizontally disposed, having a constant width exhaust slot of 0.015 inch disposed whereby steam emitted therethrough is directed downwardly at 13, resulted in coatings which varied from 2.03 oz./ft. at the center of the strip to a maximum of 2.60 oz./ft. at the sides thereof. This variation, which is about 20.4 percent, was the average of 35 tests. Thus, as a result of the invention, coating uniformity can be improved by as much as a factor of 4.
While the invention has been described in connection with conventional galvanizing, it also has utility in the one-side galvanizing process. In this case, only one die would be used, and would be positioned so as to direct steam toward the side of the strip having the zinc coating thereon.
I claim:
1. An improvement in apparatus for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal, comprising a pair of coating dies disposed in registry on opposite sides of said strip, each of said dies comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said die is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end thereof, each of said conduit means having an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid may be directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, each die being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.
2. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the lower end of said die is disposed in closer proximity to the face of said strip than is the upper end of said die.
3. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the width of the exhaust slot of said conduit means progressively decreases as the distance between said die and said bath progressively increases.
4. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which said dies are disposed at an angle of about 20 with a line perpendicular to an edge of said strip.
5. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the exhaust slot of said conduit means is inclined downwardly whereby the stream of fluid emitted through said slot makes an angle of about 30 with a plane normal to the face of said strip and passing through the axis of said conduit means.
6. An improvement as recited in claim 4, in which the lower end of said die is disposed in closer proximity to the face of said strip than is the upper end of said die.
7. An improvement as recited in claim 4, in which the width of the exhaust slot of said conduit means progressively decreases as the distance between said die and said bath progressively increases.
8. An improvement as recited in claim 6, in which the exhaust slot of said conduit means is inclined downwardly whereby the plane passing through the centerline of the stream of fluid emitted through said slot makes an angle of about 30 with a plane normal to the face of said strip and passing through the axis of said conduit means.
9. A die for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal, comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said conduit means is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end, said conduit means being pro vided with an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid is directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, said conduit means being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.

Claims (9)

1. An improvement in apparatus for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal, comprising a pair of coating dies disposed in registry on opposite sides of said strip, each of said dies comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said die is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end thereof, each of said conduit means having an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid may be directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, each die being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.
2. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the lower end of said die is disposed in closer proximity to the face of said strip than is the upper end of said die.
3. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the width of the exhaust slot of said conduit means progressively decreases as the distance between said die and said bath progressively increases.
4. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which said dies are disposed at an angle of about 20* with a line perpendicular to an edge of said strip.
5. An improvement as recited in claim 1, in which the exhaust slot of said conduit means is inclined downwardly whereby the stream of fluid emitted through said slot makes an angle of about 30* with a plane normal to the face of said strip and passing through the axis of said conduit means.
6. An improvement as recited in claim 4, in which the lower end of said die is disposed in closer proximity to the face of said strip than is the upper end of said die.
7. An improvement as recited in claim 4, in which the width of the exhaust slot of said conduit means progressively decreases as the distance between said die and said bath progressively increases.
8. An improvement as recited in claim 6, in which the exhaust slot of said conduit means is inclined downwardly whereby the plane passing through the centerline of the stream of fluid emitted through said slot makes an angle of about 30* with a plane normal to the face of said strip and passing through the axis of said conduit means.
9. A die for controlling the thickness of a metal coating on a vertically moving strip as it leaves a bath of molten coating metal, comprising conduit means extending transversely of, and overlapping the side edges of, said strip, said conduit means being angularly disposed relative to the horizontal whereby one end of said conduit meAns is at a greater distance from said bath than the other end, said conduit means being provided with an exhaust slot along the length thereof whereby a narrow stream of fluid is directed out of said exhaust slot downwardly and across the face of said strip as said strip leaves said bath, said conduit means being constructed and arranged whereby the force per unit area with which said stream impinges on said strip progressively decreases as the height of the point of impingement of said stream increases.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6102255A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-08-15 Ellion; M. Edmund Invertible dispensing means for spray containers
EP1970127A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-17 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Apparatus and method of curtain coating

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2390007A (en) * 1943-12-31 1945-11-27 Dominion Foundries & Steel Apparatus for continuously hot dip coating of tin on coiled strip
US2598391A (en) * 1948-11-19 1952-05-27 Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co Spraying process
US3141194A (en) * 1962-02-09 1964-07-21 Avisun Corp Gas delivery nozzle for film casting apparatus
US3406656A (en) * 1967-02-02 1968-10-22 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for controlling coating thickness
US3459587A (en) * 1967-02-02 1969-08-05 United States Steel Corp Method of controlling coating thickness
US3499418A (en) * 1966-12-01 1970-03-10 Nat Steel Corp Continuous metallic strip hot-dip metal coating apparatus
US3607366A (en) * 1968-11-14 1971-09-21 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Removal of excess molten metal coatings by gas blast without ripple formations on coated surfaces
US3687103A (en) * 1971-01-28 1972-08-29 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Controlled-width fluid doctor

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2390007A (en) * 1943-12-31 1945-11-27 Dominion Foundries & Steel Apparatus for continuously hot dip coating of tin on coiled strip
US2598391A (en) * 1948-11-19 1952-05-27 Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co Spraying process
US3141194A (en) * 1962-02-09 1964-07-21 Avisun Corp Gas delivery nozzle for film casting apparatus
US3499418A (en) * 1966-12-01 1970-03-10 Nat Steel Corp Continuous metallic strip hot-dip metal coating apparatus
US3406656A (en) * 1967-02-02 1968-10-22 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for controlling coating thickness
US3459587A (en) * 1967-02-02 1969-08-05 United States Steel Corp Method of controlling coating thickness
US3607366A (en) * 1968-11-14 1971-09-21 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Removal of excess molten metal coatings by gas blast without ripple formations on coated surfaces
US3687103A (en) * 1971-01-28 1972-08-29 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Controlled-width fluid doctor

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6102255A (en) * 1997-05-30 2000-08-15 Ellion; M. Edmund Invertible dispensing means for spray containers
EP1970127A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-17 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Apparatus and method of curtain coating
US20080226828A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-18 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Apparatus and method of curtain coating
US7943200B2 (en) 2007-03-12 2011-05-17 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Method of curtain coating
US20110179998A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2011-07-28 Ricoh Company, Ltd Apparatus and method of curtain coating
US8539903B2 (en) 2007-03-12 2013-09-24 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Apparatus and method of curtain coating

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