US3758261A

US3758261A - Atomizing burner

Info

Publication number: US3758261A
Application number: US00129368A
Authority: US
Inventors: B Galliano
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1971-03-30
Filing date: 1971-03-30
Publication date: 1973-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 1990-09-11

Abstract

A burner device employing modern space technology, lightweight felt-type refractories and metal alloys, the structure allowing the complete burning of a fuel mixture so that the products of combustion upon leaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless, and entirely consumed.

Description

Elite States atent 1191 [111 [4 1 Sept. 11, 1973 ATOMlZlNG BURNER Bruno .1. Galliano, ,lr., 1810 SE. Exeter Dr., Portland, Oreg. 97202 Filed: Mar. 30, 1971 Appl. No.: 129,368

inventor:

US. Cl. 431/116, 431/173 int. Cl. F23c 5/18 Field 01 Search 431/173, 115, 116,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Van Loon 431/173 X Downs 431/173 X 1,958,265 5/1934 Christoph 4. 431/173 X 3,610,788 10/1971 Brenner 431/115 FOREIGN F'ATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,122,685 1/1962 Germany 431/9 Primary ExaminerEdward G. Favors Attorney-Oliver D. Olson [57] ABSTRACT A burner device employing modern space technology, lightweight felt-type refractories and metal alloys, the structure allowing the complete burning of a fuel mixture so that the products of combustion upon leaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless, and entirely consumed.

4 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures ATOMIZING BURNER This invention relates to fuel burners, and more particularly to an atomizing burner.

It is therefore the primary purpose of this invention to provide an atomizing burner which will be of such construction so as to obtain smog-free combustion with a large heat release from a small confined combustion chamber.

Another object of this invention is to provide a burner of the type described which will have a unique design of its combustion chamber in order to achieve a high temperature without being self-destructible which was the result of burners used in the prior art.

Another object of this invention is to provide a burner that will consume liquid fuel and will burn smogless, efficient, and will have a large heat release emitted for the amount of fuel consumed.

Most burner designs of the prior art employed a large area for a given amount of fuel burned. The present invention overcomes this problem by burning the fuel mixture in a circular or tangential configuration, thereby lengthening the flame pattern, and consequently the combustion time.

The present invention is of such construction so as to withstand the extremely high temperatures encountered when attempting to burn a large quantity of fuel in a small volume fire-box.

The structure of the present invention employs modern space technology, utilizing lightweight felt-type refractories, and metal alloys that will and have under repeated testing stood up under constant use for periods of several hundred hours with no visible damage to the burner or its related components.

A further object of this invention is to provide a burner structure which will contain the combustion in the fire-box long enough to completely burn the fuel mixture in such a manner so that the products of combustion, upon leaving the fire-box are clear, smokeless and non-toxic.

The present invention solves this problem by the use of a high temperature resisting cover or baffle, so designed so to keep the fuel mixture contained and revolving in the combustion chamber until it is completely consumed and by keeping the combustion contained, there will'be no visible flame emitting from the,

top of the burner to impinge on any metal of boiler or other vehicle it is supplying he at to, thereby completely eliminating flame cooling with accompanying sooting, scaling, and smoke. v

A former problem in burners of the prior art was to sustain combustion in a fire-box with no other means than the fire itself, other than a spark, etc., for initial firing.

Also, for sudden and continual off-on cycles, the

burner must attain combustion temperatures immediately for a clean type combustion.

The present invention will be so designed as to employ the use in its construction, of a lightweight, high.

temperature resisting felt inner-lining, that obtains a high degree of refractories immediately.

The top baffle or metal cover will not be over 0.0030 in thickness, thereby allowing it to glow red or white hot immediately upon ignition. This then takes on the job of sustaining combustion by acting as a glow or continuous spark plug.

The construction of the fire-box itself, demands that the flame pattern after leaving the injection tube, will electrodes shown removed in their entirety from the a travel a complete circle allowing the tail of the flame FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 2-2 of FIG. I;

FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 2, but showing a modified form of the invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the nozzle and blow tube of the invention;

; FIG. 5 is an end view of FIG. 4 and is shown in elevation;

FIG. 6 is a view taken along the lines 6-6 of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 7 is aperspective view-of the blow tube shown removed from the invention. v

According to this invention, an improved burner 10 is shown to include a circular fire-box housing 11 having an extending blow tube-l2 to which is attached an external blower 13 having an air intake opening l4 It shall be noted that the flow of air may be regulated through opening 14 by any means well known in the art, (not shown).

It shall be understood that a blow tube 12 is secured fixedly within fire-box housing 11 in a tangent arrangement for a purpose which hereinafter will be described.

Fire-box housing 11 of burner 10 includes an outer steel wall 15 which is spaced apart from a stainless steel wall 16 and an insulation 17 is carried there between

walls

15 and 16.

A felt refractory material 18 of the fiberchrome type is secured to the steel wall 16. A concave bafflel9 hav ing' an open drop cylinder 20 is carried within the upper extremity of fire-box housing 11 and is rendered stationary and airtight by means of a seal ring 21.

A plurality of equally spaced apart tabs 22 are welded to the interior of drop cylinder 20 and allows for an eccentric opening 22' for the escapement of heat is positioned centrally between a pair of electrodes 24,

one of which is secured to a brass plate 25, the opposite end of plate 25 being secured to the nozzle tube 26, the

plate 25 serving as ground means for the electrode 24 to which it is attached. v

A bracket 27 provides a means of holding the electrodes 24 and the fuel nozzle 23 in their respective relationships and the arrangement is secured by means of a screw fastener 28.

Looking now at FIG. 3 of the drawing, there is shown a modified form of drop disc baffle 29 being secured in a spaced apart relationship to baffle 19' by means of a plurality of posts 30 welded thereto.

The secondary baffle disc 29 serves to contain fire long enough for complete combustion of the fuel introduced.

It shall also be noted that the fuel nozzle 23 is p'ositioned in a slightly upward position in order to keep the fire up against the baffle 19 as the flame pattern encircles the drop cylinder 20 as shown in the main embodiment of the present invention.

As the flame pattern circles the drop cylinder 20, it must work itself to the bottom of the combustion chamber 31, finding its way under and up drop cylinder 20 to the exit opening 22'.

Being that the baffle 19 is actually pressurizing the combustion chamber 31, the flame pattern will seek an outlet. By the time the flame reaches the exit opening 22' of the baffle 19, the flame is completely expended and therefore only hot gases are emitted.

The drop disc, as shown in FIG. 3 of the drawing, creates the same condition as heretofore described of the main embodiment of the present invention.

As will be more readily seen in FIG. 1 of the drawing, the tail of the flame pattern crosses the fuel and air tube 12 entry, acting as an after burner or regenerator, thus greatly assisting a clean and continuous combustion.

It shall also be understood that the side wall refractory felt material 18 of the fiberchrome type, will glow instantly and will withstand 2,700 F. continuous fire.

The top baffle 19 is constructed of any high temperature, low scaling metal not over 0.0030 inches thickness, the thinness of the baffle 19 allowing it to glow red or white hot immediately and thereby acts as a continuous spark plug or igniter.

The top baffle 19 also emits radiant heat through the surface or object being heated.

It shall further be recognized that burner fires immediately with no smoking or fuming, will consume a large quantity of fuel with a large heat release out of a small volume fire-box 11, and is very adaptable to fast cycling of on-off applications. The burner 10 rejects a very small amount of heat through its own insulated walls and 16, thereby releasing a much greater amount through its intended outlet,22.

After sustained usage, the steel wall 15 of the fire-box housing 11 is of a low enough temperature so as to enable the human hand to touch it without sustaining a burning injury.

It shall even further be recognized that the combustion chamber 31 has an appetite for fuel, not necessarily properly atomized through the initial nozzle 23, as the tail of the flame prevaporizes a fresh mixture upon entry to the combustion chamber 31.

Fuel may even be injected in a merely raw state and will completely be consumed without smoking, thus initial atomization is not nearly as important as the inherent structure of the combustion chamber 31.

What I claim is:.

l. A fuel burner comprising a circular firebox housing for forming a combustion chamber, a blow tube and blower carried by said firebox housing providing a means for introducing fuel and air into said combustion chamber, the blow tube extending through the outer wall of said firebox housing and arranged tangent to the circular plane of the interior of said firebox housing, an outer wall and an inner wall carried by said housing with insulation means therebetween, a felt refractory material carried within said firebox housing, a baffle and drop cylinder carried within said housing for proper control of the flame of combustion, a fuel nozzle and electrodes carried within said firebox housing providing a means for initially starting the combustion therein, said fuel injector nozzle and its associated starting electrodes being housed within said blow tube and said fuel injector nozzle being angled partially upwards so that the flame travel will be elongated and will encircle the drop cylinder prior to entering the lower extremity of the latter as effective heat energy, said drop cylinder being secured to tab members projecting downward from an eccentric opening through the baffle, said baffle being concave and secured fixedly within the upper extremity of said firebox housing by means of a seal ring.

2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein said concave baffle of said burner is of a high temperature and low scaling metal of sufficient thickness in order to allow it to glow red or white hot immediately and therefore will act as a continuous igniter for said fuel and said baffle also serves to emit radiant heat to the surface or object being heated, said burner when in operation will emit no visible flame from its exit opening of said baffle and therefore will not cause any impinging upon any metal of a boiler or the like it is applying heat to and will thereby completely eliminate flame cooling with accompanying sooting, scaling, and smoke.

3. A fuel burner comprising a firebox having a circular side wall and end walls closing the opposite ends of the circular wall, one of the end walls having an outlet opening of reduced diameter, a drop cylinder communicating with said outlet opening and extending into the firebox, a burner having a blow tube extending through the circular wall and disposed tangentially with respect to the inner surface thereof for introducing a fuel mixture into said firebox for combustion, the entire inner surfaces of the firebox wallsand drop cylinder being of a high temperature material capable of sustaining temperatures above the ignition temperature of the fuel mixture, and insulating means isolating the inner surfaces of at least the circular wall and end wall opposite; the outlet opening from external cooling. below said ignition temperature whereby to insure against any area of said inner surfaces being cooled to a temperature below said ignition temperature.

4. The fuel burner of claim 3 wherein the end wall having the outlet opening isof a high temperature metal having a thickness not exceeding about 0.0030

inch for radiating heat externally of the firebox.

I9! b i i t

Claims

1. A fuel burner comprising a circular firebox housing for forming a combustion chamber, a blow tube and blower carried by said firebox housing providing a means for introducing fuel and air into said combustion chamber, the blow tube extending through the outer wall of said firebox housing and arranged tangent to the circular plane of the interior of said firebox housing, an outer wall and an inner wall carried by said housing with insulation means therebetween, a felt refractory material carried within said firebox housing, a baffle and drop cylinder carried within said housing for proper control of the flame of combustion, a fuel nozzle and electrodes carried within said firebox housing providing a means for initially starting the combustion therein, said fuel injector nozzle and its associated starting electrodes being housed within said blow tube and said fuel injector nozzle being angled partially upwards so that the flame travel will be elongated and will encircle the drop cylinder prior to entering the lower extremity of the latter as effective heat energy, said drop cylinder being secured to tab members projecting downward from an eccentric opening through the baffle, said baffle being concave and secured fixedly within the upper extremity of said firebox housing by means of a seal ring.

3. A fuel burner comprising a firebox having a circular side wall and end walls closing the opposite ends of the circular wall, one of the end walls having an outlet opening of reduced diameter, a drop cylinder communicating With said outlet opening and extending into the firebox, a burner having a blow tube extending through the circular wall and disposed tangentially with respect to the inner surface thereof for introducing a fuel mixture into said firebox for combustion, the entire inner surfaces of the firebox walls and drop cylinder being of a high temperature material capable of sustaining temperatures above the ignition temperature of the fuel mixture, and insulating means isolating the inner surfaces of at least the circular wall and end wall opposite the outlet opening from external cooling below said ignition temperature whereby to insure against any area of said inner surfaces being cooled to a temperature below said ignition temperature.

4. The fuel burner of claim 3 wherein the end wall having the outlet opening is of a high temperature metal having a thickness not exceeding about 0.0030 inch for radiating heat externally of the firebox.