US3745324A - Target marking device - Google Patents
Target marking device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3745324A US3745324A US00152462A US3745324DA US3745324A US 3745324 A US3745324 A US 3745324A US 00152462 A US00152462 A US 00152462A US 3745324D A US3745324D A US 3745324DA US 3745324 A US3745324 A US 3745324A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- parachute
- canister
- partition
- tetrakis
- target
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000005081 chemiluminescent agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,1-n',1-n',2-n,2-n,2-n',2-n'-octamethylethene-1,1,2,2-tetramine Chemical group CN(C)C(N(C)C)=C(N(C)C)N(C)C CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HDGNGYOBDYOPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-N'-[1,2,2-tris(dimethylaminomethylideneamino)ethenyl]methanimidamide Chemical group CN(C)C=NC(=C(N=CN(C)C)N=CN(C)C)N=CN(C)C HDGNGYOBDYOPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KEEVZNPZYFDJEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-imidazolidin-2-ylimidazolidine Chemical compound N1CCNC1C1NCCN1 KEEVZNPZYFDJEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imidazolidine Chemical compound C1CNCN1 WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- XZSUEVFAMOKROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydroxy-3-nitroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(O)=C(O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C2 XZSUEVFAMOKROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N Ellagic acid Natural products OC1=C(O)[C@H]2OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c4OC(=O)C(=C1)[C@H]2c34 ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZHFPEICFUVWJIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 2-hydroxy-5-[(3-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].Oc1ccc(cc1C([O-])=O)N=Nc1cccc(c1)[N+]([O-])=O ZHFPEICFUVWJIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
- F42B4/26—Flares; Torches
- F42B4/28—Parachute flares
Definitions
- the present invention is for a nighttime target marking device.
- parachute flares light up friendly surroundings as well as unfriendly; white phosphorus is short lived and spoils the pilots night vision; and explosively disseminated payloads fall through the foliage of bushes and trees and are lost to sight.
- the present invention provides a nighttime signal which falls to the top of the foliage and is. visible from all quadrants, for a long period of time.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the subject invention, portions being shown in cross section taken along its longitudinal axis;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective of the unleased marking canopy falling into a location area
- FIG. 3 is a section of a portion of FIG. 1 showing an alternative form of the invention.
- FIG. 1 an embodiment of subject invention is shown in FIG. 1, comprising a cylindrical canister 10, provided with scored wall as shown by numeral 111 and having an integral end wall 12, which threadedly receives a tube 14 containing a time delay and impact fuze (not shown) which is initiated by a preset timing element indicated at 16.
- a suitable detonation within tube 14 initiates a powder charge 18 which produces gas under pressure.
- This structure is conventional for a disperser used for a different purpose.
- the structure is modified by providing a thin walled partition 20 positioned adjacent to one end of fuze tube 14. The edges of said partition 20 are fitted against the inner walls of canister so as to form a space 24 between said partition and the end of the canister.
- the canister is plugged by an O-ring sealed end closure 26 retained in position by a plurality of dimples 28 which are deformed into an annular groove 30 in the closure.
- a parachute 32 fabricated from nylon or other suitable material and provided with a plurality of guy lines 34 is folded into space 24.
- Guy lines 34 are attached to a weight 36 of predetermined size which is suitably secured to the center portion of partition 20 by cement, glue, etc.
- Parachute 32 comprises a fabric which is saturated with an oxyluminescent compound and guy lines 34 may likewise be soaked with the same material so as to glow upon exposure to the atmosphere.
- the compounds used consist essentially of one of the peraminoethylenes and others known to emit light when they come in contact with the oxygen of the atmosphere. With minor adjustment to the dispenser or container other chemiluminescent materials may be used, such as oxalic type esters described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,539,794 which issued Nov. 10, 1970.
- initiation of the powder charge pressurizes one side of the partition which acts as a piston pushing against the end closure 26 forcing it out of engagement with the detents, the partition continuing to move to the now open end of the canister, ejecting the parachute.
- the parachute falls to the target location and marks the target whether the target is under a forest canopy or in a clear area. If the target is under a canopy the parachute or panel signal will still be visible from the air as it will hang on top of the canopy or shelter which may be tree tops, weeds, etc. The signal is visible from all quadrants.
- a plurality of lightweight partitions designated 20 and 22 may be installed in the canister whereby a series of such markers may be dispensed therefrom.
- the parachute or panel can be a banner, flag, or ribbon and still have the capability of remaining on top of an overhanging protection or shelter, and thereby mark a target.
- Dyes used for daytime markers usually are alizarin orange or alizarin yellow because they are more easily visible.
- chemiluminescent compounds used to soak nylon, birdseye, cotton, muslin, polypropylene and other compatible materials included the following peraminoethylenes:
- Tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene was used in most of the tests because it is commercially available.
- a target-marking device comprising:
- a rupturable fuze and gas generator tube sealingly secured to said end wall;
- a thin-walled circular partition disposed adjacent said tube being slidably movable relative to the inner surface of the canister;
- parachute provided with guying lines disposed within the space between said partition and the plug; said parachute being fabricated of a material saturated with a chemiluminescent agent;
- the construction of said device being such that when the gas generator tube ruptures one side of the partition is pressurized causing the partition to push against the parachute and weight forcing the end plug out of the canister and releasing the parachute and the attached weight.
- parachute is composed of polypropylene saturated with a chemiluminescent agent selected from the group consisting of tetrakis(dimcthylamino)ethylene, tetrakis(N- pyrolidinyhethylene, 1.1 .3 ,3 -tetramethyl-A -bi (imidazolidine), 1,1 ,3,3 tetraethyI-A -bi(imidazolidine).
- a chemiluminescent agent selected from the group consisting of tetrakis(dimcthylamino)ethylene, tetrakis(N- pyrolidinyhethylene, 1.1 .3 ,3 -tetramethyl-A -bi (imidazolidine), 1,1 ,3,3 tetraethyI-A -bi(imidazolidine).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A target marking device comprising a parachute or panel soaked in a chemiluminescent agent sealed inside a canister which upon rupture releases the canopy which falls to the target location where the agent reacts with oxygen in the air forming a glow visible from all quadrants, particularly at night.
Description
tates P tent [191 [11] 3 745 324 Sheer et a1. July 16, 1973 TARGET MARKING DEVICE 3,038,407 6/1962 Robertson et al. 102 35.4 x Inventors: y y Shefler, China Lake; Harold 3,104,612 9/1963 Knacke et al. 343/18 8 X S. Duff, Ridgecrest, both of Calif. OTHER PUBLICATIONS [73] Assignee: The United States of America as Development and Test of USDA Forest Service represented by the Secretary of the Model FSS Smokejumper Parachute. In Equip Navy, Washington, DC. ment Development Report No. 40, US. Dept. of [22] Filed, June 4 1971 Argiculture Forest Service,.lan. 1956: p. 4.
[ PP N05 152,462 Primary Examiner-Benjamin A. Borchelt Assistant Examiner-James M. l-lanley 52 us. Cl. 240/225, 244/142, 102/35.6 Sciascia and ROY Miller [51] llnt. Cl. B64d 17/00, F42b 13/38 [58] Field of Search 102/35, 35.2, 35.4, 57 AB TRA T 252/1883 CL A target marking dev ce comprising a parachnteor panel soaked in a chemiluminescent agent sealed inside hich u on ru ture releases the came [56] References Cited a E w p W which falls to the target location where the agent reacts UNITED STATES PATENTS with oxygen in the air forming a glow visible from all Beatty et a1 quadrants particularly at night 2,198,697 4/1940 Driggs 102/35.6 X 3,568,354 3/1971 Yacko 252/1883 X 3 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures Patented July 10, 1973 3,745,324
1r 1 r 1 run FIG. I.
l N VENTORS SIDNEY SHEFLER HAROLD S DUFF BY; ROY MILLER ATTORNEY TARGET MARKING DEVICE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is for a nighttime target marking device.
It has been the practice in the prior art of nighttime target marking to use parachute flares, while phosphorus, or explosively disseminated chemiluminescent payloads. Parachute flares light up friendly surroundings as well as unfriendly; white phosphorus is short lived and spoils the pilots night vision; and explosively disseminated payloads fall through the foliage of bushes and trees and are lost to sight. The present invention provides a nighttime signal which falls to the top of the foliage and is. visible from all quadrants, for a long period of time.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the subject invention, portions being shown in cross section taken along its longitudinal axis;
FIG. 2 is a perspective of the unleased marking canopy falling into a location area; and
FIG. 3 is a section of a portion of FIG. 1 showing an alternative form of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Referring now to the drawing an embodiment of subject invention is shown in FIG. 1, comprising a cylindrical canister 10, provided with scored wall as shown by numeral 111 and having an integral end wall 12, which threadedly receives a tube 14 containing a time delay and impact fuze (not shown) which is initiated by a preset timing element indicated at 16. Upon initiation, a suitable detonation within tube 14 initiates a powder charge 18 which produces gas under pressure. This structure is conventional for a disperser used for a different purpose.
The structure is modified by providing a thin walled partition 20 positioned adjacent to one end of fuze tube 14. The edges of said partition 20 are fitted against the inner walls of canister so as to form a space 24 between said partition and the end of the canister. The canister is plugged by an O-ring sealed end closure 26 retained in position by a plurality of dimples 28 which are deformed into an annular groove 30 in the closure.
A parachute 32 fabricated from nylon or other suitable material and provided with a plurality of guy lines 34 is folded into space 24. Guy lines 34 are attached to a weight 36 of predetermined size which is suitably secured to the center portion of partition 20 by cement, glue, etc. Parachute 32 comprises a fabric which is saturated with an oxyluminescent compound and guy lines 34 may likewise be soaked with the same material so as to glow upon exposure to the atmosphere. The compounds used consist essentially of one of the peraminoethylenes and others known to emit light when they come in contact with the oxygen of the atmosphere. With minor adjustment to the dispenser or container other chemiluminescent materials may be used, such as oxalic type esters described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,539,794 which issued Nov. 10, 1970.
In operation of the device, initiation of the powder charge pressurizes one side of the partition which acts as a piston pushing against the end closure 26 forcing it out of engagement with the detents, the partition continuing to move to the now open end of the canister, ejecting the parachute. The parachute falls to the target location and marks the target whether the target is under a forest canopy or in a clear area. If the target is under a canopy the parachute or panel signal will still be visible from the air as it will hang on top of the canopy or shelter which may be tree tops, weeds, etc. The signal is visible from all quadrants.
As shown in FIG. 3 if it is desired to eject a plurality of parachutes some saturated with a chemiluminescent material for nighttime marking and others with a dye compound for daytime signals, a plurality of lightweight partitions designated 20 and 22, may be installed in the canister whereby a series of such markers may be dispensed therefrom. The parachute or panel can be a banner, flag, or ribbon and still have the capability of remaining on top of an overhanging protection or shelter, and thereby mark a target. Dyes used for daytime markers usually are alizarin orange or alizarin yellow because they are more easily visible.
The chemiluminescent compounds used to soak nylon, birdseye, cotton, muslin, polypropylene and other compatible materials included the following peraminoethylenes:
tetrakis(N-pyrolidinyl)ethylene;
l ,l ,3 .3 -tetramethyl-A -bi(irnidazolidine);
1,1 ,3 ,3 -tetraethyl-A -bi(imidazolidine);
l ,l -diethyl-3 ,3 dimethyl-N- -bi(imidazolidine);
tetrakis(dimethylaminomethyleneamino )ethylene; and
tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene. Tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene was used in most of the tests because it is commercially available.
What is claimed is:
1. A target-marking device comprising:
a cylindrical canister having an integral end wall;
a rupturable fuze and gas generator tube sealingly secured to said end wall;
a cup-shaped plug closing the other end of the canister and O-ring sealed thereto;
detents deformed from the wall of the canister into the plug for retaining said plug in the canister;
a thin-walled circular partition disposed adjacent said tube being slidably movable relative to the inner surface of the canister;
a parachute provided with guying lines disposed within the space between said partition and the plug; said parachute being fabricated of a material saturated with a chemiluminescent agent;
a weight of predetermined size attached to the guying lines of said parachute and disposed within the space between said partition and the plug;
the construction of said device being such that when the gas generator tube ruptures one side of the partition is pressurized causing the partition to push against the parachute and weight forcing the end plug out of the canister and releasing the parachute and the attached weight.
2. The device in accordance with claim 1 wherein the parachute is composed of polypropylene saturated with a chemiluminescent agent selected from the group consisting of tetrakis(dimcthylamino)ethylene, tetrakis(N- pyrolidinyhethylene, 1.1 .3 ,3 -tetramethyl-A -bi (imidazolidine), 1,1 ,3,3 tetraethyI-A -bi(imidazolidine). l ,l -diethyl-3 .3 -dimethyl-A '-bi(amidaz0li- 3 4 dine), and tetrakis(dimethylaniinomethyleneamino) ments, one containing a parachute saturated with a ethylenechemiluminescent agent and the other containing a 3. The device in accordance with claim 1 including a second partition disposed between the first partition parachute coated a markmg and said plug separating the canister into two compart- 5
Claims (2)
- 2. The device in accordance with claim 1 wherein the parachute is composed of polypropylene saturated with a chemiluminescent agent selected from the group consisting of tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene, tetrakis(N-pyrolidinyl)ethylene, 1, 11, 3, 31 - tetramethyl - Delta 2, 2 -bi(imidazolidine), 1, 11, 3, 31 - tetraethyl - Delta 2, 2 -bi(imidazolidine), 1, 11 - diethyl - 3, 31 - dimethyl - Delta 2, 2 -bi(amidazolidine), and tetrakis(dimethylaminomethyleneamino)ethylene.
- 3. The device in accordancE with claim 1 including a second partition disposed between the first partition and said plug separating the canister into two compartments, one containing a parachute saturated with a chemiluminescent agent and the other containing a parachute coated with a marking dye.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15246271A | 1971-06-04 | 1971-06-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3745324A true US3745324A (en) | 1973-07-10 |
Family
ID=22543031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00152462A Expired - Lifetime US3745324A (en) | 1971-06-04 | 1971-06-04 | Target marking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3745324A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3940605A (en) * | 1974-12-18 | 1976-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Chemiluminescent marker apparatus |
| US4706568A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1987-11-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Chemiluminescent marking warhead |
| FR2610085A1 (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-07-29 | Matra Manurhin Defense | Infrared emitter, especially for use as a decoy, and infrared decoy-launching cartridge for using it |
| US5043851A (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1991-08-27 | Omniglow Corporation | Polygonal chemiluminescent lighting device |
| US5262768A (en) * | 1991-10-03 | 1993-11-16 | Florer Ralph F | Rescue beacon apparatus |
| US5661257A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-26 | Thiokol Corporation | Multispectral covert target marker |
| US7487728B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2009-02-10 | Cyalume Technologies, Inc. | Small caliber chemiluminescent munitions |
| US8653479B2 (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-02-18 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for tagging individuals for identification and tracking |
-
1971
- 1971-06-04 US US00152462A patent/US3745324A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3940605A (en) * | 1974-12-18 | 1976-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Chemiluminescent marker apparatus |
| US4706568A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1987-11-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Chemiluminescent marking warhead |
| FR2610085A1 (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-07-29 | Matra Manurhin Defense | Infrared emitter, especially for use as a decoy, and infrared decoy-launching cartridge for using it |
| US5043851A (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1991-08-27 | Omniglow Corporation | Polygonal chemiluminescent lighting device |
| US5262768A (en) * | 1991-10-03 | 1993-11-16 | Florer Ralph F | Rescue beacon apparatus |
| US5661257A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-26 | Thiokol Corporation | Multispectral covert target marker |
| US7487728B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2009-02-10 | Cyalume Technologies, Inc. | Small caliber chemiluminescent munitions |
| US8653479B2 (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-02-18 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for tagging individuals for identification and tracking |
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