US3710421A - Pneumatic device for automatic control system of sliver{40 s thickness - Google Patents

Pneumatic device for automatic control system of sliver{40 s thickness Download PDF

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Publication number
US3710421A
US3710421A US00168118A US3710421DA US3710421A US 3710421 A US3710421 A US 3710421A US 00168118 A US00168118 A US 00168118A US 3710421D A US3710421D A US 3710421DA US 3710421 A US3710421 A US 3710421A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sliver
delivery
hollow cylindrical
thickness
measuring device
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00168118A
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English (en)
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T Tooka
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft
    • D01H5/38—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities
    • D01H5/385—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities employing hydraulic or pneumatic time-delay devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
    • G01B13/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B13/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In the automatic control system of slivers thickness wherein the thickness of sliver continuously delivered from a draft mechanism is measured by an airmicrometer and, when a portion of sliver having unacceptable thickness is detected, the draft ratio is changed so as to produce sliver having allowable variation of thickness, the measuring device of the airmicrometer is provided with a trumpet-like condensing member and a delivery cylindrical member disposed at a coaxial ly downstream position so that a space for embracing the sliver in pressurized air is formed between both members.
  • a continuously delivering sliver from a draft mechanism is led into, an air-micrometer nozzle of trumpetlike shape, and the back pressure of the air-micrometer is detected by a bellows so as to convert the pressure variation corresponding to the variation of slivers thickness into a deformation of the bellows, the deformation of the bellows is converted into a reciprocal motion of a flapper, a pneumatichydraulic servo-mechanism is actuated by the motion of the flapper so that a speed control device related to the draft mechanism is actuated and the draft ratio of the draft mechanism can be controlled.
  • the sliver including disoriented fibers is directly exposed to a compressed air current while passing through the air-micrometer nozzle so that noise is created.
  • the physical properties such as elasticity, stiffness of fibers are generally affected by humidity, temperature of atmosphere, the above-mentioned noise seems to be affected by the atmospheric condition. Consequently, it is considered that one method for eliminating the effect of the above-mentioned noise is an elimination of the cause which is due to the undesirable effect of forming sliver by utilizing the conventional air-micrometer nozzle which is provided with a continuous sliver path directly connected to a conduit for feeding compressed air.
  • Principle object of the present invention is to provide an improved pneumatic measuring device applicable to the automatic control system of sliver-thickness, by which the above-mentioned noise can be prevented.
  • Further object of the present invention is to provide an automatic control apparatus for controlling slivers thickness provided with the measuring device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. I is a schematic diagram showing an automatic control apparatus utilizing the measuring device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a side sectional view of one example of the conventional measuring device
  • FIG. 2B is a sectional view the measuring device
  • FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the measuring device shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C are explanatory diagrams showing relations between the pressure of supply air and the thickness of sliver in three different conditions defined by various diameters of delivery aperture of the measuring device and of the orifice disposed in the conduit connecting the measuring device with the source of compressed air, respectively.
  • an automatic control apparatus is fitted to a drafting mechanism such as a dirawing frame which comprises a pair of front rollers la, lb and a group of drafting rollers which are represented by a reference numeral 2 and disposed at an upstream postion of the front rollers.
  • a supplied sliver 3 is drafted while passing through these rollers, because each pair of downstream rollers are driven at a higher surface speed than each pair of upstream rollers.
  • a fleece 4 having desired thickness is delivered from the front rollers 1a, 1b and is condensed so as to form a sliver by a condenser of the measuring device 5 and then the sliver is delivered from the delivery nozzle of the measuring device 5 by the take up action of a pair of callender rollers 6a, 6b and then delivered into a can via a coiler tube 7 of a coiler motion mechanism.
  • the measuring device 5 is connected to a conduit 8 which is connected to a bellows 12a symmetrically arranged with another bellows 12b and connected to a branch conduit 9 which is off set from the main conduit 10.
  • the main conduit 10 is connected to a compressed air supply source 13 via a reserve chamber 11 by which an air pressure supplied to the conduit 10 is automatically regulated to a constant pressure p,,. Further, the conduit 10 is connected to the bellows 12b and is provided with an adjustable orifice 16 engaged with a regulating knob 17. Both bellows 12a and 12b are connected by a connecting rod 14 and a flapper 15 is connected to the rod 14. A pair of orifices l8 and 19 are disposed in the conduit 10 and the branch conduit 9 respectively. Consequently, an
  • air-micrometer is constructed by the above-mentioned components, the measuring device 5, orifice 18, and the orifices 16 and 19.
  • the flapper is caused to turn about a fulcrum 15a in accordance with the deformations of the bellows 12a, 12b.
  • a pair of nozzles a, 20b are disposed in such a way that the free end portion of the flapper 15 is positioned so as to intervene the nozzles 20a and 20b.
  • These nozzles 20a, 20b are connected to a compressed air supply source 21 by way of a conduit 22 and a reserve chamber 24.
  • These nozzles 20a, 20b are connected to respective bellows 26a, 26b by way of respective conduits 25a, 25b.
  • nozzles 20a, 20b are provided with an adjustable orifices 20a, 20b respectively.
  • the compressed air supplied from the supply source 21 isautomatically adjusted to a predetermined constant pressure by the reserve chamber 24.
  • the nozzles 20a, 20b are provided with respective apertures 23a, 23b each having the same size of aperture.
  • a second airmicrometer is constructed by the components, nozzles 20a, 20b, that is, the orifices 20a, 20b, free'spaces between the aperture 23a and the flapper 15, between the aperture 23b and the flapper 15, and bellows 26a and 26b.
  • the bellows 26a and 26b are connected by a connecting rod 28a which is provided with a pair of pilot valves 28b and 28c. Therefore, even through the turning motion of the flapper 15 is very small, the deformation of the bellows 12a, 12b is amplified by the second air-micrometer. If, it is required to eliminate any possible mechanical disturbance caused by the above-mentioned flapper mechanism, the flapper 15 can be rigidly secured to the connecting rod 14 so as to be able to displace with the longitudinal motion of the rod 14. To further amplify the aforesaid deformation, a hydraulic amplifier is connected to the air-micrometer.
  • This hydraulic amplifier comprises an oil tank 27 and a supply conduit 29 provided with a compressor 38 and a return conduit 30, a control chamber 31 which is connected to the respective conduits 29 and 30, and a piston 33 slidably disposed in a chamber 32 which is connected to the control chamber 31 by way of a pair of connecting conduits 35a and 35b disposed at symmetrical positions.
  • the pilot valves 28b, 28c are rigidly mounted on the connecting rod 28a at a distance apart which is the same as that of the conduits 35a, 35b so that the two connecting apertures of the control chamber 31 can be closed when pilot valves 28b, 28c are positioned at their natural position.
  • the conduits 35a, 35b are provided with respective adjustable orifices.
  • the return conduit terminates in the tank 27.
  • variable speed converter 40 is mounted on the automatic control apparatus which is used for regulating the surface speed of the drafting mechanism.
  • the variable speed converter 40 comprises a first vari-pitch sheave 37 mounted on a shaft 42 and a second vari-pitch sheave 43 rigidly mounted on a driving shaft 44 and a belt 45 which transmits rotation from the driving sheave 43 to the vari-pitch sheave 37 so that the shaft 42 is capable of transmitting a variable speed to regulate the draft ratio of the drafting mechanism.
  • a pair of levers 36a and 36b are pivoted to a supporting frame 46 by respective pins 41a, 41b, and the lever 36a is connected to one side member of the vari-pitch sheaves 37, 43 so that each pitch of the vari-pitch sheaves 37, 43 can be changed in accordance with the turning motion of the lever 36a about the pin 41a while the lever 36b keeps the other sidemember of the vari-pitch sheaves I 37, 43 stationary.
  • a free end of the lever 36b is connected to a guide shaft 47, while a free end of the lever 36a is connected to a collar 48 which is slidably mechanism is driven at constant speed by the some driving source as the shaft 44 and the front roller (bottom roller) 1b is driven by the shaft 42, the draft ratio between the front rollers 1a, 1b and the adjacent upstream rollers (top and bottom rollers) can be regulated by the transversal displacement of the piston rod 34 which responds to the variation of the slivers thickness reversibly.
  • the measuring device 50 comprises a trumpet-like sliverinlet 51 and a cylindrical delivery portion 52 so that a sliver passage 53 is formed.
  • the cylindrical delivery portion 52 is provided with a plurality of air passages 56 which pass laterally through the delivery portion 52. Further the cylindrical delivery portion 52 of the device 50 is rigidly supported by a collar 54 which is provided with a hollow cylindrical space 55 and an air inlet tap 59.
  • a pair of synthetic rubber washers 57, 58 are disposed therebetween.
  • the hollow cylindrical space 55 encircles the delivery portion 52 so that the sliver passage 53 of the delivery portion 52 is connected to the space 55 through the air passages 56. Consequently, compressed air can be supplied into the sliver passage 53 by way of the tap 59, space 55 and the ainpassages 56.
  • the above-mentioned measuring device 50 is utilized in the automatic control system shown in FIG.
  • the fleece 4 delivered from the front rollers 1a b is condensed to form a sliver by the trumpet-like sliver inlet 51 and then goes directly to the delivery portion 52 where the sliver is exposed to the compressed air.
  • the fiber arrangement in the fleece 4 is possibly changed during sliver formation at the inlet 51 if the required condition in connection with the pneumatic pressure is satisfied. It is our experience that air permeability through a mass of textile fibers varies in accordance with the fiber arrangement therein. For example, even though the same sample of sliver is used for testing the MICRONAIRE READING (ASTM D 1448), the reading varies in accordance with the condition of insertion of the sample into the fiber compression chamber of the testing instrument.
  • the output of the device 50 is affected by the noise due to the variation of the fiber arrangement during the sliver formation.
  • it is required to expose the sliver to the compressed air after being' formed in a stable and uniform condition.
  • the measuring device shown in FIG. 1 has a particular construction as shown in FIG. 3 in detail. That is, the measuring nozzle of the present invention comprises a trumpet-like funnel condenser 5a and a delivery cylindrical member 5b provided with an expanded hollow cylindrical space 5d, which encircles the downstream end portion of the condenser 5a, and a hollow sliver passage 5e which is formed at a downstream end portion thereof.
  • the entrance portion of the condenser 5a is rigidly secured to the upper circular edge portion of the delivery cylindrical member b and the downstream end of the condenser 5a is arranged so as to form an intervened space 5c from the inlet tapered wall of the hollow sliver passage 5e.
  • the fleece 4 delivered from the front rollers 1a, lb is condensed into a sliver by the condenser 5a and then the sliver is led into the sliver passage 5e of the delivery member 5b by the take-up motion of the callender rollers 6a and 6b.
  • the sliver When the sliver passes through the intervened space 50, the sliver is exposed to the compressed air supplied from the conduit 8. Therefore, if the fleece 4 is formed into a sliver having sufficient compactness to pass into the sliver passage 5e without any further changes of fiber arrangement, the above-mentioned noise, which is one of the troubles in the conventional automatic control system, can be eliminated successfully. In the above-mentioned condition, the sliver delivered from the condenser 5a tends to expand only a little so that any substantial degrading effect upon the precision of detection can be prevented.
  • any draft of the sliver which substantially changes the fiber arrangement therein, during passage through the space 5c, must be prevented. Otherwise, noise is created in the output of the measuring nozzle 5 so that the precision of detection is degraded. From our experiment, if the distance (I) from the termination of the funnel portion of the condenser 5a to the nip point of the callender rollers 60, 6b exceeds a certain figure, for example, more than twice the mean length of fiber (ASTM D 1447), there is a strong possibility of sliver separation. However, there is a certain limitation in locating the measuring nozzle at a position adjacent to the callender rollers 6a, 6b.
  • the relative diameter (a,) of the orifice 18 and the diameter (a of the delivery aperture of the delivery member 5b of the measuring device 5 must be considered. Further the proper pressure (P of the compressed air must be considered in connection with the relative diameters a a From results of experiment the pressure (P,,) is preferably chosen in a range between 0.050.1 kg/cm so that the compressed air can be supplied to the conduit 8 without expansion.
  • the pneumatic pressure (P of the supplied compressed air and the back pressure (P in the space 5d of the measuring device are as small as possible, so as to prevent disorientation of fiber arrangement in the sliver.
  • the pressures (P,), (P,,) are so small that sufficiently large deformation of the bellows can not be obtained because of the resilient property of the bellows, very complex mechanism is required for amplifying the small deformation of the bellows.
  • the pneumatic pressure (P is large the back pressure (P is large, and consequently the possibility of disorientation of fiber arrangement in the sliver increases.
  • the back pressure (P,) in the space 5d of the measuring device 5 and the diameter (a of the delivery aperture of the cylindrical delivery member 5b are chosen in relation to the pneumatic pressure (P of the compressed air supplied from the reserve chamber 11 and the diameter (a,) of the orifice 18 so as to improve the sensitivity of the air-micrometer without any of the troubles mentioned above.
  • the thickness of sliver produced by the conventional drawing frame is in a range between 25 g/m (200- 500 grain/6 yards).
  • the pneumatic pressure (P,,) is in a range low enough for the air to be considered as a noncompressible gas
  • the theoretical relation between (P and (P,,) can be represented by the following equation Where, a represents the total of the remaining spaces formed in the delivery aperture 5e when a sliver having a thickness W passes therethrough.
  • the relation between (P,) and (W) can be represented by a curve wherein the abscissa represents the thickness of sliver (W) and the ordinate represents the pneumatic pressure (P,), as are shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C.
  • each curve has an inflection point where the sensitivity is maximum. Therefore, to attain best results, the values of (P and (W) must be set about this inflection point.
  • the infelction points can be theoritically found by well-known mathematical analysis, that is, from a solution of the second differential formed from equation (I) is calculated. Accordingly, the following solution is obtained,
  • the application of the airmicrometer according to the present invention is not restricted to the automatic control system shown in FIG. 1, but also applicable to any other types of automatic control systems, for example Ever Even (re gistered trade mark, Automatic Control System of Daiwa Spinning Company Ltd.-, Japan), successfully.
  • an air-micrometer for controlling thickness of sliver delivered from a draft mechanism by a pair of callender rollers wherein said thickness of sliver is detected by an air-micrometer comprising a measuring device provided with a sliver passage, a conduit for supplying compressed air into said sliver passage, an orifice disposed in said conduit, a source for supplying said compressed air, and a mechanical means responsive to the back pressure created by said measuring device so that draft ratio of said draft mechanism is automatically regulated in accordance with an output of said mechanical means; an improvement of said air-micrometer provided with said measuring device comprising a delivery cylindrical member provided with an expanded hollow cylindrical spacev and a trumpet-like condenser provided with a funnel portion and a downstream hollow cylindrical end portion encircled by said expanded hollow cylindrical space of said delivery cylindrical member, said delivery cylindrical member provided with a hollow sliver passage formed at the downstream end portion thereof the upper end of said delivery member rigidly engaged with the downstream side of said funnel portion in alignment with the longitudinal axis of said downstream hollow

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US00168118A 1970-08-03 1971-08-02 Pneumatic device for automatic control system of sliver{40 s thickness Expired - Lifetime US3710421A (en)

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JP45068209A JPS5031206B1 (de) 1970-08-03 1970-08-03

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US (1) US3710421A (de)
JP (1) JPS5031206B1 (de)
CH (1) CH560257A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2138855C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2103916A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1364282A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853617A (en) * 1971-09-29 1974-12-10 Johnson Service Co Fluidic load regulator
US4100791A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-07-18 Fiber Controls Corporation Auto-leveler
US4184361A (en) * 1976-12-18 1980-01-22 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Sliver density sensing apparatus
US4302968A (en) * 1979-10-15 1981-12-01 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Method and apparatus for measuring the linear density of a travelling fiber sliver
US4766647A (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-08-30 Spinlab Partners, Ltd. Apparatus and method for measuring a property of a continuous strand of fibrous materials
US5499546A (en) * 1993-06-23 1996-03-19 Zellweger Luwa Ag Method of measuring the mass of fiber slivers
US5616853A (en) * 1995-03-29 1997-04-01 Kyocera Corporation Measuring machine for measuring object
US20050241371A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 Asml Holding N.V. High resolution gas gauge proximity sensor

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19500189B4 (de) * 1995-01-05 2006-09-14 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Verfahren zur Anpressung eines Tastorgans an einen Faserverband in einer Bandführung und Vorrichtung zu deren Erzeugung
DE19537983A1 (de) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-17 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung an einer Spinnereivorbereitungsmaschine, insbesondere einer Strecke, zum Messen der Stärke eines Faserbandes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2100588A (en) * 1935-01-30 1937-11-30 Waldhof Zellstoff Fab Manufacture of wool-like artificial fibers
US3088175A (en) * 1958-01-10 1963-05-07 Aoki Akira Automatic level control system for product sliver weight

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2100588A (en) * 1935-01-30 1937-11-30 Waldhof Zellstoff Fab Manufacture of wool-like artificial fibers
US3088175A (en) * 1958-01-10 1963-05-07 Aoki Akira Automatic level control system for product sliver weight

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853617A (en) * 1971-09-29 1974-12-10 Johnson Service Co Fluidic load regulator
US4184361A (en) * 1976-12-18 1980-01-22 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Sliver density sensing apparatus
US4100791A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-07-18 Fiber Controls Corporation Auto-leveler
US4302968A (en) * 1979-10-15 1981-12-01 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Method and apparatus for measuring the linear density of a travelling fiber sliver
US4766647A (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-08-30 Spinlab Partners, Ltd. Apparatus and method for measuring a property of a continuous strand of fibrous materials
WO1988008047A1 (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-20 Spinlab Partners, Ltd. Apparatus and method for measuring a property of a continuous strand of fibrous materials
US5499546A (en) * 1993-06-23 1996-03-19 Zellweger Luwa Ag Method of measuring the mass of fiber slivers
US5501100A (en) * 1993-06-23 1996-03-26 Zellweger Luwa Ag Device for measuring the mass of fiber slivers
US5616853A (en) * 1995-03-29 1997-04-01 Kyocera Corporation Measuring machine for measuring object
US20050241371A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 Asml Holding N.V. High resolution gas gauge proximity sensor
US7021120B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2006-04-04 Asml Holding N.V. High resolution gas gauge proximity sensor
US20060272394A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2006-12-07 Asml Holding N.V. High resolution gas gauge proximity sensor
US7500380B2 (en) 2004-04-28 2009-03-10 Asml Holding N.V. Measuring distance using gas gauge proximity sensor

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Publication number Publication date
JPS5031206B1 (de) 1975-10-08
DE2138855C3 (de) 1975-01-23
GB1364282A (en) 1974-08-21
CH560257A5 (de) 1975-03-27
DE2138855B2 (de) 1974-05-30
DE2138855A1 (de) 1972-02-17
FR2103916A5 (de) 1972-04-14

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